CN104271909A - Method for detecting sulphur poisoning in an exhaust treatment system - Google Patents

Method for detecting sulphur poisoning in an exhaust treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104271909A
CN104271909A CN201380023310.9A CN201380023310A CN104271909A CN 104271909 A CN104271909 A CN 104271909A CN 201380023310 A CN201380023310 A CN 201380023310A CN 104271909 A CN104271909 A CN 104271909A
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nox2
doc
temperature
reducing agent
applicable
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O·斯滕洛斯
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Scania CV AB
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Scania CV AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
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    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/04—Filtering activity of particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0412—Methods of control or diagnosing using pre-calibrated maps, tables or charts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1606—Particle filter loading or soot amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1621—Catalyst conversion efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an exhaust post-treatment system (2) for a combustion engine (4) which produces an exhaust flow (6), which system (2) comprises at least one diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and/or at least one diesel particle filter (DPF), and at least one selective reduction catalyst (SCR catalyst). The system further comprises a reducing agent device (8) adapted to supplying a reducing agent (10) to the exhaust flow (6) upstream of said SCR catalyst, a first NOx sensor (12) situated upstream of said DOC and/or DPF and adapted to measuring the content of nitrogen oxide compounds (NOx) in the exhaust flow and to producing on the basis thereof a first NOx output signal (NOX1), a second NOx sensor (14) situated downstream of said SCR catalyst and adapted to measuring the content of nitrogen oxide compounds (NOx) in the exhaust flow and to producing on the basis thereof a second NOx output signal (NOX2), and at least one temperature sensor (16) adapted to monitoring the temperature of the exhaust flow and to producing on the basis thereof at least a first temperature signal (T1). The exhaust post- treatment system (2) comprises a calculation unit (18) to which said first and second NOx output signals (NOXl, NOX2) and said first temperature signal (T1) are arranged to be conveyed, said first and second NOx sensors (12, 14) are adapted to measuring the content of nitrogen oxide compounds NOX1 upstream of said DOC and/or DPF and to measuring at substantially the same time the content of nitrogen oxide compounds NOX2 downstream of the SCR catalyst when no reducing agent (10) is being supplied to the exhaust flow (6) from the reducing agent device (8), and said temperature sensor (16) is adapted to measuring the temperature T when the measurements of NOXl and NOX2 are taking place, which calculation unit (18) is adapted to comparing NOX2 with a detection criterion, which preferably comprises comparing with a predetermined threshold value NOXtr related to the measured temperature, and to generating on the basis of the comparison an indicating signal (20).

Description

For detecting the method for the sulfur poisoning in exhaust treatment system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the exhausted gas post-processing system according to the preamble of independent claims and the method relevant to described system.
Particularly, described method and described system are applicable to the sulfur poisoning of the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) detected in exhausted gas post-processing system.
Background technique
The mixture of combustion engine combustion air and fuel, to produce propelling force.Combustion process produces the waste gas being sent to air from motor.Waste gas comprises nitrogen oxide (NO x), carbon dioxide (CO 2), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter.NO xsynthetic term, in order to refer to primarily of nitrous oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) waste gas that forms.Exhausted gas post-processing system process exhaust emissions, was reduced before being released to air in exhaust emissions.In exemplary exhaust after-treatment system, reducing agent is expelled in waste gas in the upstream of selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR catalyst) by feeding system.The mixture of waste gas and reducing agent reacts and reduces to be discharged into the NO of air thus in SCR catalyst xamount.
An embodiment of reducing agent be with form at liquid area on sale on the market.This liquid is that it is for the effulent of electronation nitrogen oxide in watery nontoxic urea liquid, is particularly useful for the heavy vehicle being equipped with diesel engine.
Reducing agent and NO xreact to realize NO in SCR catalyst xreduction.More specifically, reducing agent is decomposed and forms ammonia (NH 3), described ammonia then with NO xreaction is to form water and nitrogen (N 2).
In order to realize the NO described xreduction, NH 3must be stored in SCR catalyst.In order to make catalyzer effectively work, this storage must be in suitable rank.In more detail, NO xthe transformation efficiency of reduction depends on storage rank.Under different working order, maintain high transformation efficiency depend on maintenance NH 3deposit.But, NH 3rank must rise along with the temperature of SCR catalyst and successively decrease, to avoid NH 3discharge (that is, unnecessary NH 3from catalyzer release), described discharge may reduce the transformation efficiency of catalyzer.
Brief, in order to meet stricter environmental requirement, vehicular manufacturer uses SCR catalyst system to remove nitrogen oxide (NO from diesel exhaust more and more x).Describedly to remove by ammonia solution being injected SCR catalyst to help NO xparticulate matter changes into nitrogen and water and realizes.In order to the reason of environment and operating economy, waste gas Prune Policies needs to consider and fully transforms NO xdo not inject too much ammonia simultaneously as far as possible.
At least one diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), also in exhausted gas post-processing system, is typically provided with one or more diesel particulate filters (DPF) of catalyst coatings equally also in exhausted gas post-processing system.The object of coating is especially the NO producing sufficient quantity 2the passive oxidation of the flue dust of being caught by DPF with realization.This is particularly by reaction C+NO 2→ CO+NO carries out.
NO 2the temperature that formation in DOC will especially be depended in the mass flow of waste gas and DOC.Except depending on mass flow and temperature, the catalyst coatings in DOC and/or DPF compared with the sulphur (S) be present under low temperature in waste gas, and discharges sulphur usually at the temperature more than 400 DEG C.If operational situation causes DOC to absorb a lot of sulphur, then DOC is by poisoning, that is, NO 2formation by suppressed.NO after DPF 2content also will depend on the DPF state relevant with sulfur poisoning.Therefore, sulphur is NO 2the main cause being formed in DOC and reducing at the catalyst coatings place of DPF.Sulphur absorbs and the true temperature of sulphur release depends on special catalyst mixing and specific operational situation.
Present cardinal principle Europe and the U.S. can the diesel fuel with low sulfur content (lower than 10ppm) can at DOC and/or the NO be coated with in the DPF of catalysis material 2formation significantly reduce before used a lot of hours or a lot of sky engine running and be no more than the exhaust gas temperature of 400 DEG C.Operation heavy vehicle is uncommon but may occurs by this way.But, if driver's use has the fuel of higher sulfur content (such as, when driving in without the city of low-sulphur fuel) if or vehicle be not inadvertently furnished with the fuel with high sulfur content, then the sulfur poisoning of DOC and/or coated DPF may occur at once.
Therefore, detect this poisoning and to remove sulphur from DOC be important.By (being such as greater than five minutes) during considerable time, catalyzer is heated to above 400 DEG C, sulphur can remove from DOC and/or coated DPF, and described heating can by injecting waste gas or realizing by activating burner by fuel.
The temperature that desulfurization relates to does not affect the SCR catalyst that will be at unusual effective operation temperature, and to NO 2with the ratio between NO affects minimum.
For the parts that the sensor measuring the amount of nitrogen oxides of waste gas is normally very expensive.NO xsensor is made up of ceramic metal oxide usually, and described ceramic metal oxide is yttrium stable zirconium oxide (YSZ) normally.The solid ceramic of conduct oxygen ions that YSZ is pressed to be formed at high temperature (from about 400 DEG C).In order to obtain measurement signal, a pair noble metal electrode is placed on the surface, thus makes the voltage of electrical signal or curent change as NO xthe function of concentration is measured.
For sensor, high request must be met to realize sensitivity needed for the measurement in waste gas streams and robustness.Therefore, NO xthe cost of sensor is high.
NO xsensor produces and represents NO and NO 2the output signal of content summation.
In the upstream (see Fig. 1) of DOC, waste gas comprises the NO of about 90% (+/-5%) and remaining NO 2.This ratio can be assessed by theoretical model.
It is known that NO xsensor has NO and NO 2different sensitivity, it is greater than NO the sensitivity of NO 2sensitivity.From NO xthe output signal S of sensor nOXthen can be expressed as S nOX=A × [NO]+B × [NO 2], wherein A>B.
Document WO 2010/068147 describes how to diagnose sulfur poisoning in systems in which, one of them NO xsensor is before ASC (having the decline of some SCR catalyst of specific coatings), and another NO xsensor is after ASC.
Then, described diagnosis uses NO xrank is with measuring and adjustation SCR catalyst.Document WO2010/068147 relates to the method when system comprises DOC and DPF for exhaust after-treatment.Described method describes and forms NO by measuring DOC and DPF 2ability and detect the possibility of the sulfur poisoning in DOC and DPF.Described ability especially can by NO xsensor measurement, then compared with estimated value.
Document US 2008/216466, document US 2003/032188 and document US 2005/109022 relate to the example of the patent specification removing the distinct methods of undesirable substance (such as sulphur) from catalyzer.Such as, sulfur poisoning degree by measure catalyzer remove NO xthe ability of gas calculates.Described calculating is by catalyzer fore-and-aft survey NO xthe content of gas and realizing.
DOC is known problem with the sulfur poisoning of the DPF with catalyst coatings, and described problem especially may cause owing to using the fuel with too much Sulpher content.Now not used for the reliable method obtaining sulfur poisoning instruction, and the object of the invention is to provide this method.
Now contingent, emergency warning lamp lights to indicate the too high blow off levels indirectly caused by sulfur poisoning mistakenly.Another object of the present invention is to provide the early stage instruction that may there is sulfur poisoning, and make startup corresponding measure become possibility thus.
Summary of the invention
The invention that above object is defined by independent claims realizes.
Preferred implementation is limited by dependent claims.
NO xsensor is applicable to generation and represents NO and NO 2the output signal of content summation, and the present invention utilizes the NO used xsensor has NO and NO 2different sensitivity the fact as diagnosis sulfur poisoning basis.NO is changed into NO by DOC and DPF 2ability be the good instruction of sulfur poisoning.
Because NO 2increased by the oxidation normally carried out in DOC/DPF when not having poisoning, so this means the NO from SCR catalyst downstream relative to the ratio of NO xthe intensity of sensor output signal (NOX2) (see Fig. 1) will reduce at the temperature more than 150 DEG C.But, described in be reduced on temperature range and flow range and non-linear, but reached maximum value before falling back, but will not lower than 150 DEG C.
If DOC/DPF is poisoning, then described reduction general therefore can not be so obvious.If DOC/DPF is completely poisoning, then substantially there is no signal intensity.This means such as by the real NO after DOC/DPF calculated xsignal will be wrongly corrected and the signal intensity that may therefore cause instruction summation too high, that is, too high NO/NO 2content.
By the actual NO by the measured downstream in SCR catalyst xthey compared with expection signal, and are associated with any previous measured signal and postcombustion by signal, can detect impaired NO to NO according to the present invention xconversion and consequential sulfur poisoning.
The invention has the advantages that, existing sensor may be used for detecting will need the pattern of separated sensor or work station access in other cases.Therefore, the instruction of sulfur poisoning can be obtained in the stage more early and earlier enables corresponding measure.
Embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to exhausted gas post-processing system of the present invention.
Fig. 1 describes the exhausted gas post-processing system 2 being used for combustion engine 4, and described combustion engine produces waste gas streams 6.System 2 comprises and is intended to especially NO be changed into NO 2at least one diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and at least one selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR catalyst).Diesel particulate filters (DPF) is also preferably arranged on the downstream of DOC.This filter can be not coated or be provided with catalyst coatings.Be aggregated and NO to NO at this flue dust and ashes 2conversion to a certain degree also occur in here.
Described system also comprises reducing agent device 8, and described reducing agent device is applicable to, in the upstream of described SCR catalyst, reducing agent 10 (such as urea or ammonia) is supplied to waste gas streams 6, NO and NO 2(NO x) be then converted to N at described SCR catalyst place 2.By control gear (description), the amount of the reducing agent supplied especially depends on that the monitored content of nitrogen oxide and exhaust gas temperature control.
One NO xsensor 12 is located at the upstream of described DOC, and is applicable to measure the nitrogen oxide (NO in waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce a NO xoutput signal (NOX1).2nd NO xsensor 14 is located at the downstream of described SCR catalyst, and is applicable to measure the nitrogen oxide (NO in waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce the 2nd NO xoutput signal (NOX2), and at least one temperature transducer 16 is arranged to the temperature of monitoring waste gas streams and is at least produced the first temperature signal (T1) based on this.Accompanying drawing indicates four temperature transducers 16 measuring exhaust flow temperature for the difference in exhausted gas post-processing system.Described four temperature transducers to be positioned at before and after DOC and before and after SCR catalyst, and produce relevant temperature signal T1, T2, T3 and T4.
According to the present invention, exhausted gas post-processing system 2 comprises computing unit 18, the first and second NO xone or more being configured in output signal (NOX1, NOX2) and described first temperature signal (T1) or temperature signal is sent to described computing unit.First and second NO xsensor 12,14 is applicable to measure the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX1 in the upstream of described DOC, and is applicable to measure the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX2 when not having reducing agent 10 to be supplied to waste gas streams 6 from reducing agent device 8 in SCR catalyst downstream substantially simultaneously.Temperature transducer or sensor 16 are also applicable to the measuring tempeature T when carrying out the measurement of NOX1 and NOX2.
Computing unit 18 then by NOX2 or be relevant to NOX2 value compared with the examination criteria be relevant to by testing temperature, and produce index signal 20 based on the comparison.
In one embodiment, examination criteria is relevant to preset threshold value NOXtr by testing temperature, and if NOX2 is greater than NOXtr, then produces index signal 20.In this embodiment, NOXtr can such as be chosen to be to become to preset relation with NOX1.
Fig. 2 illustrates at the first and second NO xthe chart of the amount of nitrogen oxides of sensor place waste gas.It is emphasized that chart is mainly intended to set forth the aspect wanted for signal the present invention and overstating and is therefore simplified.
As seen in the graph, by a NO xhow the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX1 temperature that sensor 12 is measured is all constant.If DOC (and being DPF time suitably) works, as expected if that is, also not there is sulfur poisoning, then by the 2nd NO xthe result that sensor 14 is measured when not supplying reducing agent will illustrate that the amplitude of output signal reduces.Therefore, NO xin NO 2ratio will increase relative to NO ratio, and sensor to NO and NO 2different sensitivity reduce causing the amplitude of NOX2.By NOX2, along with temperature increase, reduction is set forth in the graph for this.
By by NOX1 with NOX2 at identical temperature (350 DEG C in chart) compared with the threshold value NOXtr applied at described temperature (in this case 350 DEG C), can obtain NOX2 whether present by expection reduce instruction.In the graph, be less than NOXtr at 350 DEG C of lower sensor signal NOX2, this instruction does not have sulfur poisoning.
Chart also illustrates curve N OX2 ' (dot and dash line), and described curve representative is in varied situations from the 2nd NO xthe output signal that sensor 14 obtains.At this, at 500 DEG C, NO xthe output signal of sensor is higher than NOXtr, and this may indicate the sulfur poisoning of DOC (and/or DPF).
In another embodiment, computing unit 18 is applicable to so perform compare: determine Δ NO x=| NOX1-NOX2|, by Δ NO xbe used as examination criteria preset compared with threshold value NOXtr ', and if Δ NO xlower than NOXtr ', then produce index signal 20.Therefore in this embodiment, the difference between NOX1 and NOX2 is compared with threshold value NOXtr '.
Threshold value is preferably chosen to be and makes to need the deviation to a certain extent of NOX2 to provide instruction.This can mean, in the mode of execution described in fig. 2, NOXtr such as must more corresponding than NOX2 " normally " value high by 10%.And in other embodiments, when the difference between NOX1 and NOX2 is compared with NOXtr ', NOXtr ' is such as chosen to be less by 10% than " normally " difference.
In two mode of executions, such as, in computing unit 18, preferably provide form or simple data, described form or simple data comprise for exhaust flow temperature coordination value and describedly preset threshold value NOXtr or NOXtr '.Determine NOXtr to relate to from NOX1 and make threshold value be the NOX1 being relevant to temperature preset part.Certainly, also can directly based on temperature and NO xrelation between content calculates these threshold values.
In one embodiment, index signal 20 is applicable to the sulfur poisoning indicating DOC and/or DPF.The form of index signal can be report to the police that vehicle points out to driver should the warning sign at callwork station.Index signal also can mean that corresponding measure is enabled at once, such as to pass through to improve exhaust gas temperature in a controlled manner from DOC and/or DPF sulphur removal.
Since it is known be from NO xthe output signal of sensor is for NO and NO 2sensitivity is different, so from the 2nd NO xthe output signal of sensor is subject to the impact of suitable adjusted value to arrive " truly " NO xvalue, described " truly " NO xvalue then can for from a NO xthe output signal of sensor is set.In practice, this means adjusted value to be applied to NOX2, NOX2 presents higher value thus.If DOC and/or DPF is poisoning, then therefore NOX2 will increase, and apply adjusted value and will then indicate too high NO xcontent and be therefore wrong.
In another embodiment, exhausted gas post-processing system is applicable to relative to from a NO xthe output signal NOX1 calibration of sensor 12 is from the 2nd NO xthe output signal NOX2 of sensor 14.Described calibration by when be not substantially oxidized in DOC carrying out and do not have reducing agent 10 from reducing agent device 8 be supplied to make during waste gas streams waste gas at low temperatures (preferably lower than 150 DEG C) realize through system.
Described calibration so realizes: measure NOX1 and NOX2, determine NOX2k=NOX1-NOX2, and determine that form is the calibration value for NOX2 of NOX2 '=NOX2+NOX2k.Computing unit 18 then utilizes calibration value NOX2 ' but not NOX2 execution is compared.
The present invention also relates to the method for combustion engine exhausted gas post-processing system, described combustion engine produces waste gas streams.Described method is set forth by the schematic flow diagram in Fig. 3.
More than describe the constituent element of exhausted gas post-processing system and function thereof in detail and quote description at this.
Method according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
A-measures the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX1 in DOC upstream, and measures when not having reducing agent from reducing agent device provisioning to the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX2 in SCR catalyst downstream during waste gas streams substantially simultaneously,
B-is measuring tempeature T when the measurement of NOX1 and NOX2 is carried out,
C-by NOX2 or be relevant to NOX2 value compared with the examination criteria be relevant to by testing temperature,
D-compares generation index signal based on described.
In one embodiment, be relevant to preset threshold value NOXtr by testing temperature in the examination criteria at step C place, and if NOX2 is greater than NOXtr, then produce described index signal in step D place.
In another embodiment, steps A also comprises and determines Δ NO x=| NOX1-NOX2|, described examination criteria in step C place is and Δ NO xthat compares presets threshold value NOXtr ', and if Δ NO xbe less than NOXtr ', then produce described index signal in step D place.
Presetting threshold value is such as stored in form or data, described form or packet containing for exhaust flow temperature coordination value and describedly preset threshold value (NOXtr and NOXtr ').As mentioned above, described coordination value also can be calculated.
In one embodiment, index signal is applicable to the sulfur poisoning indicating DOC and/or DPF.The form of index signal can be report to the police to driver to point out that vehicle should the warning sign at callwork station.Index signal also can such as make corresponding measure at once be enabled with from DOC and/or DPF sulphur removal by making exhaust gas temperature rise in a controlled manner.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described method comprise when be not substantially oxidized in DOC carrying out and do not have reducing agent from reducing agent device provisioning to during waste gas streams at low temperatures (preferably lower than 150 DEG C) calibration NOX2 step.Described step so realizes: measure NOX1 and NOX2, determine calibration value NOX2k=NOX1-NOX2, and determine that NOX2 '=NOX2+NOX2k is as the calibration value for NOX2, and method step described above utilizes calibration value NOX2 ' but not NOX2 performs.
The present invention is not limited to above-described preferred implementation.Replacement scheme miscellaneous, modification and equivalent can be used.Therefore, above mode of execution is not considered to limit the scope of the invention, and protection scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to exhausted gas post-processing system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is at the first and second NO xthe chart of the content of nitric oxide in sensor place waste gas.
Fig. 3 sets forth schematic flow diagram of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. the method for combustion engine exhausted gas post-processing system, described combustion engine produces waste gas streams, and described system comprises: at least one diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and/or at least one diesel particulate filters (DPF); At least one selective reduction catalyst (SCR catalyst); Reducing agent device, it is applicable to, in the upstream of described SCR catalyst, reducing agent is supplied to waste gas streams; One NO xsensor (12), it is arranged in the upstream of described DOC and/or DPF and is applicable to measure the nitrogen oxide (NO of waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce a NO xoutput signal (NOX1); 2nd NO xsensor (14), it is arranged in the downstream of described SCR catalyst and is applicable to measure the nitrous oxide compound (NO of waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce the 2nd NO xoutput signal (NOX2); And at least one temperature transducer (16), it is applicable to measure exhaust flow temperature and at least produce the first temperature signal (T1) based on this, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
A-when there is no reducing agent from reducing agent device provisioning to the measured downstream amount of nitrogen oxides NOX2 in described SCR catalyst during waste gas streams,
B-is measuring tempeature T when the measurement of NOX2 is carried out,
NOX2 or the value that is relevant to NOX2 preset compared with examination criteria by testing temperature with being relevant to by C-,
D-compares generation index signal based on described.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, steps A also comprises the measured content substantially simultaneously measured at described DOC and/or the nitrous oxide compound N OX1 at the upstream end of DPF of the content of the nitrous oxide compound N OX2 in the downstream when described SCR catalyst.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, is be relevant to preset threshold value NOXtr by testing temperature in the described examination criteria at step C place, and if NOX2 is greater than NOXtr, then produces described index signal in step D place.
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, wherein, steps A also comprises and determines Δ NO x=| NOX1-NOX2|, step C comprise Δ NO xbe used as described examination criteria preset compared with threshold value NOXtr ', and if Δ NO xbe less than NOXtr ', then produce described index signal in step D place.
5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, is provided with form, described form comprise for exhaust flow temperature coordination value and describedly preset threshold value (NOXtr, NOXtr ').
6., according to the arbitrary described method of aforementioned claim, wherein, described index signal is applicable to the sulfur poisoning indicating the sulfur poisoning of described at least one DOC and/or at least one particulate filter described (DPF).
7. according to described method arbitrary in claim 2-6, comprise the following steps: by measuring NOX1 and NOX2, carrying out when not substantially being oxidized in DOC and not having reducing agent to calibrate NOX2 from reducing agent device provisioning at low temperatures to during waste gas streams, described low temperature is preferably lower than 150 DEG C, determine calibration value NOX2k=NOX1-NOX2 and determine that NOX2 '=NOX2+NOX2k is as the calibration value for NOX2, utilizing calibration value NOX2 ' but not NOX2 execution according to the arbitrary described method step of aforementioned claim.
8. the exhausted gas post-processing system for combustion engine (4) (2), described combustion engine produces waste gas streams (6), and described system (2) comprising: at least one diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and/or at least one diesel particulate filters (DPF); At least one selective reduction catalyst (SCR catalyst); Reducing agent device (8), it is applicable to, in described SCR catalyst upstream, reducing agent (10) is supplied to waste gas streams (6); One NO xsensor (12), it is positioned at the upstream of described DOC and/or DPF, and is applicable to measure the nitrogen oxide (NO in waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce a NO xoutput signal (NOX1); 2nd NO xsensor (14), it is positioned at described SCR catalyst downstream, and is applicable to measure the nitrogen oxide (NO in waste gas streams x) content and based on this produce the 2nd NO xoutput signal (NOX2); And at least one temperature transducer (16), it is applicable to measure exhaust flow temperature and produce at least the first temperature signal (T1) based on this,
It is characterized in that, exhausted gas post-processing system (2) comprises computing unit (18), described first and second NO xoutput signal (NOX1, NOX2) and described first temperature signal (T1) are configured to be sent to described computing unit, described first and second NO xsensor (12, 14) be applicable to measure the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX1 in the upstream of described DOC and/or DPF, and the amount of nitrogen oxides NOX2 substantially simultaneously measured when not having reducing agent (10) to be supplied to waste gas streams (6) from reducing agent device (8) in described SCR catalyst downstream, and described temperature transducer (16) is applicable to the measuring tempeature T when the measurement of NOX1 and NOX2 is carried out, described computing unit (18) be applicable to by NOX2 or be relevant to NOX2 value compared with the examination criteria be relevant to by testing temperature, and produce index signal (20) based on described comparison.
9. exhausted gas post-processing system according to claim 8, wherein, described examination criteria presets threshold value NOXtr, and if NOX2 is greater than NOXtr, then produces described index signal (20).
10. exhausted gas post-processing system according to claim 8, wherein, computing unit (18) is applicable to comprise: determine Δ NO x=| NOX1-NOX2| is with by Δ NO xbe used as described examination criteria preset compared with threshold value NOXtr ', and if Δ NO xbe less than NOXtr ', then produce index signal (20).
11. exhausted gas post-processing systems according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, are provided with form, described form comprise for exhaust flow temperature coordination value and describedly preset threshold value NOXtr or NOXtr '.
12. arbitrary described exhausted gas post-processing systems in-11 according to Claim 8, wherein, described index signal (20) is applicable to the sulfur poisoning indicating the sulfur poisoning of described at least one DOC and/or at least one particulate filter described (DPF).
13. arbitrary described exhausted gas post-processing systems in-12 according to Claim 8, described system is applicable to by measuring NOX1 and NOX2, carrying out and do not having reducing agent (10) to be supplied to during waste gas streams from reducing agent device (8) calibrating NOX2 at low temperatures when not substantially being oxidized in DOC, described low temperature is preferably lower than 150 DEG C, and be applicable to determine that NOX2 '=NOX2+NOX2k is as the calibration value for NOX2, described comparison utilizes calibration value NOX2 ' but not NOX2 execution by computing unit (18).
14. arbitrary described exhausted gas post-processing systems in-13 according to Claim 8, wherein, described diesel particulate filters (DPF) is positioned at described DOC downstream.
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