CN104271897B - A kind of turbine installation and the method for cooling turbine device - Google Patents
A kind of turbine installation and the method for cooling turbine device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104271897B CN104271897B CN201380022192.XA CN201380022192A CN104271897B CN 104271897 B CN104271897 B CN 104271897B CN 201380022192 A CN201380022192 A CN 201380022192A CN 104271897 B CN104271897 B CN 104271897B
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- turbine
- air exhauster
- cooling medium
- cooling
- steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
- F01K13/025—Cooling the interior by injection during idling or stand-by
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of turbine installation (3), especially steam-turbine plant, and one and be used for cooling turbine device (3), the especially method (100) of steam-turbine plant.By present invention provide that, in order to cool down the turbine installation (3) including turbine (29), turbine (29) operationally can be flow through by process gas (15) streamwise (27), cooling medium (7) along or inverse described process gas flow direction (27) be sucked or blow (120) and pass through turbine (29), and from there through cooling medium (7) cooling turbine (29) (130).For this by present invention provide that, air exhauster (6) can be connected with turbine import (4) or with turbine outlet (5), by passing through turbine import (4) or the cooling medium (7 in turbine (29) can be sucked by using air exhauster (6) by turbine outlet (5), 110), along or inverse process gas flow direction (27) be blown from (120) pass through turbine (29).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of turbine installation, especially steam-turbine plant, and one and be used for cooling turbine device,
It is particularly useful for cooling down the method for steam-turbine plant.
Background technology
For example by http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dampfkraftwerk (on April 24th, 2012
Obtain) some thermal power plants known or steam power plant.
Thermal power plant is a kind of structure type with the power plant of fossil fuel power generation, and wherein, the heat energy of water vapour exists
It is mostly divided in manifold steam turbine that (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dampfturbine, 2012
On April 24, in obtains) it is changed into kinetic energy, and in generator, be converted to electric energy further.
In this thermal power plant, fuel, such as coal, in burning Indoor Combustion, thus discharge heat.
The heat thus discharging is by watertube boiler, that is short steam generator absorbs, and will supply there
(giving) water that give, purification and process in advance, is changed into water vapour/high steam.By at superheater
In further heating steam/high steam, improve temperature and improve the unit volume of steam.
The high steam producing is further by inflow side, that is so-called initial steam side, short FD side, or
The input channel (FD input channel) of there, entrance turbine high-pressure part (high-pressure section turbine), and
Mechanical work is done by expansion and cooling in there.
In order to reach high gross efficiency, steam is at the exhaust region through high-pressure section or discharge duct there
After leaving high-pressure section, again import steam generator and by resuperheat.
The steam of (middle) reheating passes through inflow side, that is so-called overheated resuperheat side here, shortSide, or input channel there (Input channel), again supply the intermediate pressure section of steam turbine
(intermediate pressure section turbine), and by expanding further and cooling continues to do mechanical work.
After the exhaust region through intermediate pressure section or discharge duct there leave high-pressure section, steam passes through
Overflow pipe flows into the low-pressure section (low-pressure section turbine) of steam turbine, there by expanding and being cooled to give up
Atmospheric pressure level continues to provide mechanical work.
By the generator being connected with steam turbine, mechanical output is now converted to electrical power, and it is with the shape of electric current
Formula feed-in electrical network.
From steam turbine or from the steam discharge of low-pressure section turbine, through its exhaust region or gland steam exhauster there
Road flows into condenser, and steam discharge is by condensing and as liquid water collection to surrounding environment heat transfer there.
Therefore condensate pump and preheater are passed through, by water intermediate storage in feed-tank, then by feed pump
Again steam boiler is supplied, so that (water-vapour) circulation Guan Bi of thermal power plant.
The different fuel type according to their different steam generation modes or for steam generation for the people, district
Not various types of thermal power plant, such as coal-fired plant, oil power plant or also combustion gas and steam combination power plant
(GuD power plant).
The thermal power plant of e.g. a kind of special shape of coal-fired plant, uses coal as in thermal power plant and sends out for steam
Raw main fuel.Widely known use brown coal and this coal-burning power plant using bituminous coal.
In addition to thermal power plant, it is also known that plant gas or Gas Turbine Plant (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Gasturbinenkraftwerk, obtained on April 24th, 2012).
Gas Turbine Plant is such a power plant, and it is with oil product or with fuel gas, such as natural gas
Run.These gases are fuel (the http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ of gas turbine in this case
Gasturbine, obtained on April 24th, 2012), gas turbine itself drives the generator being attached thereto.
GuD power plant http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-und-Dampf-Kombikraftwerk (
On April 24th, 2012 obtain) on the books.
GuD power plant is such a power plant, is wherein combined with the principle of plant gas and thermal power plant.Combustion gas is taken turns
Machine is herein used as being connected to the thermal source of the waste heat boiler in downstream, and waste heat boiler plays again steam-turbine generator
Effect.
To power plant's turbine, work as to steam turbine of thermal power plant, as safeguarded and checking work, close
Could implement after stopping the rotating operation of turbine.And the axle system of turbine must be cooled to from temperature about 600 DEG C
Less than 100 DEG C.
Steam turbine in the case of there is no foreign intervention for example about in 8 days or about cold in 200 hours
But to less than 100 DEG C, or about in 6 days or be about cooled to less than 150 DEG C in 150 hours.Below
That moment is the possibility making turbine shafting or axle shut down the earliest, and right rear axle mechanism or axle must be manually
Continue to rotate, limit the thermal deformation of rotating operation to avoid the rotating part of axle system to produce.
Gas turbine based on its compared with steam turbine less material thus also more quickly cool down than steam turbine,
So the duration cooling down required for steam turbine in the case of not having foreign intervention is also longer.
In order to shorten the review time, be worth pursuing, by turbine, such as steam turbine but also include gas turbine
Or the cool time of their part turbine, it is reduced to the shortest in the case of keeping the cooling velocity allowed.
It is the shortest in order to especially however still very long cool time is reduced in the case of steam turbine, it is known that
So-called forcing functions (Forced Cooling of Steam Turbines, Performance is used in steam turbine
Enhancement-Steam Turbine,Answers for energy.Siemens AG,2009)。
When described forcing functions, steam turbine replaces (high pressure) steam, using surrounding air as cold
But medium, when edge is run, the flow direction of steam by steam turbine or is aspirated by its part turbine or blows.
When forcing functions, the condenser being connected to steam turbine downstream is utilized to pass through steam turbine as suction flowing
The step-down causing, that is by vavuum pump, for example, pass through Elmo pump, cause relative to ring inside condenser
The negative pressure (condenser is evacuated) of border air.
For ensureing to cool down all overheated steam turbine components as far as possible, surrounding air must be able to supply steam turbine institute
There is the component guiding steam.
To this end, by the surrounding air of the negative-pressure ward existing in evacuated condenser, can pass through
(fan) adapter between quick closing valve and regulation valve, respectively in FD side andSide or there
FD orEnter at input channel stream, thus make cooling medium, after by the negative-pressure ward in condenser,
When edge is run, the flow direction of steam flows through steam turbine or its part turbine.
Make steam turbine or the cooling of its component by the cooling effect of surrounding air, and thus reach more quickly cold
But steam turbine component.
Because not allowing in this case to surmount the cooling gradient allowed in steam turbine component, otherwise can cause
Component damage, so the amount by the surrounding air in the evacuated condenser of step-down suction must be adjusted.
To this end, the regulation valve on input channel is used as guiding mechanism.
This known its shortcoming of forcing functions is, mandatory existence is used for causing step-down or cooling medium suction
The condenser of flowing.
But devising multiple steam-turbine plant including steam turbine from that time, they do not have low-pressure section saturating
Flat, there is no condenser simultaneously yet, wherein back pressure operation work pressed by steam turbine.There is no the back of the body of condenser at these
In pressure type steam-turbine plant, such as in the back pressure type thermal power plant for sea water desalting equipment, it is impossible to use
This forcing functions known, or, do not know other schemes of forcing functions yet.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes prior art safeguarding or checking power plant or especially thermoelectricity
Factory or steam turbine, when particularly not having the turbine of the back pressure type thermal power plant of condenser or back pressure type steam turbine machine
The shortcoming existing and restriction.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention also resides in, and overcomes prior art especially closing down turbine rotating operation
In the case of, in cooling power plant or typically without the back pressure type thermal power plant of condenser or back pressure type steam turbine machine
Turbine when exist shortcoming and restriction.
Described technical problem is by a kind of turbine installation, and especially steam-turbine plant solves, and it includes turbine, should
Turbine operationally can be exported from turbine import to turbine by process gas streamwise and flow through, air exhauster with
Turbine outlet connects, by use air exhauster can by by air exhauster via turbine import suck in turbine cold
But medium is drawn through turbine along process gas flow direction, or, air exhauster is connected with turbine import, logical
Cross and use air exhauster can will be sucked the cooling medium inverse process gas in turbine by air exhauster via turbine outlet
Flow direction is drawn through turbine, wherein, including another cooling medium being arranged on air exhauster import supplies
To device, other cooling medium can be blended in that flow out from turbine by it and be inhaled into air exhauster
In cooling medium, and passing through cooling turbine device, the especially method of steam-turbine plant is addressed.
The turbine installation that the present invention relates to has one can be by process gas along flowing side when turbine installation runs
The turbine flowing through to outlet from turbine import to turbine.
By present invention provide that, air exhauster is connected with turbine import or with turbine outlet.
By using the air exhauster being connected with turbine arranging by the present invention, can be by by with turbine outlet even
The air exhauster connecing sucks the cooling medium in turbine via turbine import, along the flowing side of process gas when running
To being aspirated through turbine, or, turbine will be sucked by the air exhauster being connected with turbine import via turbine outlet
Interior cooling medium, during inverse operation, the flow direction of process gas blow through turbine.
By the described method for cooling turbine device, turbine installation includes turbine, and turbine is operationally by mistake
Journey gas streamwise exports from turbine import to turbine and flows through, and according to said method, cooling medium is by using
Suck in turbine with turbine import or with the turbine air exhauster that is connected of outlet, and along or process during inverse operation
The flow direction of gas is aspirated through turbine, from there through cooling medium cooling turbine.
In other words or stating simply, the present invention connects by with turbine import or with turbine outlet in turbine
The air exhauster connecing realizes in turbine import or the step-down exporting at turbine.
Due to being formed of causing of step-down a kind of along or inverse process gas flow direction by the suction stream of turbine
Dynamic, the cooling medium always being sucked by turbine at the other end of turbine for side is connected with regard to air exhauster, along
Or inverse process gas flow direction is aspirated through turbine.Turbine is cooled down by the cooling medium being aspirated by turbine.
It has proved that the present invention thus be very favorable in many aspects.
By by be sucked flow along or the cooling medium that aspirated by turbine of inverse process gas flow direction,
The component of all guiding steam of supply turbine, and hereby it is ensured that all overheated component of cooling turbine.By
This reaches efficiently and quickly cooling turbine.
Therefore, by the present invention by turbine, such as steam turbine but also gas turbine or their part turbine
It is reduced to minimal path degree cool time.Thus can shorten the review time of turbine or turbine installation or shut down
Time, and thus save expense.
Especially, by the present invention, by the present invention in order to realize turbine import or export step-down use take out
During blower fan, even if there is no condenser at turbine or turbine installation or there is no low-pressure section turbine and there is no condenser
In the case of, still can realize forcing functions.
Therefore passing through the present invention, even if in known back pressure type steam turbine machine, they are not having condenser
Or their work under conditions of not having low-pressure section turbine and do not have a condenser, it is possible to use force cold
But, thus also can quickly cool down these devices and review time there and run down time can be shortened.
Dependent claims is also known that currently preferred extension design.Illustrated extension design not only relates to
And turbine installation, and relate to the method for cooling turbine device.
By a kind of preferably extension design, air exhauster exports with turbine, especially leads to the steam discharge exporting at turbine
Road connects.In this case, the cooling medium in turbine is sucked via turbine import, can be along when running
The flow direction of process gas is drawn through turbine.Especially, air exhauster is connected permissible with exhaust passage
Simple in construction ground realizes.
By another kind of preferably extension design code, air exhauster and turbine import, especially with in turbine import
Initial steam// overflow input channel connects.Such as air exhauster can be connected with fan adapter there.
In this case, the cooling medium in turbine, mistake when just can inverse run are sucked via turbine outlet
The flow direction of journey gas is drawn through turbine.
It has been demonstrated that the suction flowing by the cooling medium of turbine for the flow direction of process gas during inverse operation
Being favourable, this is especially because cooling medium enters turbine in " cold side ".Thus with cooling medium at turbine
" hot side " enters and compares, and occurs cooling gradient that is relatively low and that make a small amount of component stand under load in turbine component.
Additionally, in the case of being divided into manifold turbine, they generally have one (or always multiple) high
Pressure and middle pressure and/or low-pressure section turbine, now may further specify that, the high-pressure section turbine of air exhauster and turbine,
Intermediate pressure section turbine and/or low-pressure section turbine connect.Also multiple taking out can be set for multiple this part turbines
Blower fan.
Here can also further provide for, according to this part turbine exhaust region (turbine outlet) or
Entering vapour or initial steam side (turbine import) (passing through air exhauster) realization step-down, air exhauster is saturating with high-pressure section
The exhaust passage of flat, intermediate pressure section turbine and/or low-pressure section turbine or initial steam// overflow input channel
Connect.
By another kind of preferably extension design code, cooling medium is surrounding air.It can provide simultaneously easily
Can provide with enough amounts and the temperature being suitable for and use.
Here, cooling medium, especially surrounding air, can be via the adapter being connected with turbine, such as wind
Fan adapter, in the initial steam side of turbine or part turbine orIn side inflow turbine or part turbine.
It is particularly preferred that cooling medium by using valve domination and/or can adjust and/or control in flowing into turbine
System.By being adjusted into the amount of cooling medium in turbine or part turbine, it is ensured that cold not past allow
But gradient.Regulation valve can be used as guiding mechanism.
Here in order to adjust the amount of cooling medium, can be in cooling medium distance on optional position, for example
Also valve can be set in air exhauster import, for example, adjust or regulation valve.
By a kind of particularly preferred extension design, cooling medium flows in turbine or part turbine, via thoroughly
The initial steam side of flat or part turbine orSide sets between the valves, for example, be located at quick closing valve and regulation
Fan adapter between valve is carried out.The cooling medium of inflow can be arranged, adjust and/or control by regulation valve
Amount, in order that will not surmount the cooling gradient allowed in turbine component.
By another kind of preferably extension design, process gas is water vapour.It is to say, described turbine is vapour
Turbine, or described device is steam-turbine plant.
In addition here turbine or steam turbine also can be divided into turbine or the steam turbine of some.It is permissible
There is one or also can have some turbines, such as high-pressure section turbine, intermediate pressure section turbine and/or low voltage section
Divide turbine.
It is particularly preferred that turbine installation is the steam-turbine plant not having condenser, for example, there is no low-pressure section
Turbine and the back pressure type steam turbine machine not having condenser.The application of the invention, here by by this
The air exhauster that invention uses, it is possible to provide otherwise and non-existent step-down, even if thus in this not condensation
In the steam-turbine plant of device, it is also possible to implement forcing functions.Therefore only using the present invention, also just having can
Can shorten, in this steam-turbine plant not having condenser, the time shutting down.
By the forcing functions of the present invention, that is by means of the air exhauster step-down realizing and the cooling thus causing
Medium flows through turbine or part turbine, for one or always some turbines, can pass through always multiple
Independent cooling medium through-flow and correspondingly multiple air exhausters realize respectively, or for multiple portions following one another
Point turbine, in the case of a common cooling medium through-flow, can be jointly by a unique exhausting
Machine realizes.
By another kind of preferably extension design, it is stipulated that air exhauster is carried out thermal protection or prevent overheated.
As by that air exhauster used in the present invention, by its outlet temperature, that is Jie being blown out by air exhauster
Matter temperature, is limited to such as 150 DEG C.Thus, more precisely, such as temporary at the medium flowing through air exhauster
When being heated to be 30 DEG C, also the inlet temperature of the medium being sucked by air exhauster is limited to 120 DEG C.
In order to realize the thermal protection of air exhauster, it can be stated that pacify in the import of air exhauster or the region of import
Put another cooling medium feedway, such as bypass or bypass adapter, can be by other cooling by them
Medium, for example, be also surrounding air, is blended in and flows out from turbine and be inhaled in the cooling medium air exhauster.
Also temperature sensor can be set in air exhauster outlet, measure the temperature of the medium flowing out from turbine by it.
If described bypass is additionally provided with regulation valve, then described other cooling medium is to flowing out from turbine and be inhaled into
The blending of the cooling medium in air exhauster, it is particularly possible in the feelings in view of measured air exhauster outlet temperature
Under condition, can arrange, can control and/or blend adjustably, and thus air exhauster can be prevented overheated.
The amount of the domination of described blending, control and/adjustment and/or other cooling medium, can also be by separately
No. three blenders of outer cooling medium and the cooling medium intersection flowed out from turbine and be inhaled into air exhauster
Carry out.
Blend other cooling medium, it is also possible to according to turbine temperature and/or the cooling medium being aspirated by air exhauster
Temperature and/or the temperature of the other cooling medium being impregnated in, arranged, adjusted and/or controlled.
When forcing functions starts, it is only necessary to guide cooling medium in a small amount by turbine, in order that reaching maximum
The cooling velocity allowed, or in order to reach the cooling gradient that turbine component is allowed.The cooling medium of this small amount of,
By turbine still overheated at this moment, by with awfully hot turbine component heat exchange, strongly added equally
Heat.
In order to cool down the cooling medium still awfully hot at this moment flowing out from turbine, and reach air exhauster and allow
Inlet temperature or outlet temperature, blend other cooling medium via bypass, for example, be still surrounding air.
As turbine temperature declines, increase, by the amount of the cooling medium of turbine, meanwhile reduces blending
The amount of other cooling medium.
Thus while " making full use of the maximum cooling velocity of turbine component ", effectively prevent air exhauster overheated.
In order to avoid the pressure loss, the medium flowing out from air exhauster, that is the air that air exhauster is discharged, permissible
Walk flow path the shortest to enter in surrounding environment.It is thus also avoided that heating accommodates the machine factory building of turbine.
Additionally it can be stated that the steam precooling of implementation process gas before the forcing functions by the present invention, example
Such as spraying steam cooling in process gas.
So far comprising many features in the explanation that the favourable extension of the present invention providing designs, they are at each
Sometimes multiple comprehensive descriptions in dependent claims.But those skilled in the art also can see rightly one by one
Examine these features, and other the rational combinations of comprehensive one-tenth.
Brief description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention representing in accompanying drawing.Reference table same in the accompanying drawings
Show technically identical element.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 represents a part for Water, steam circulation in the thermal power plant including steam-turbine plant, for by the present invention one
Plant the forcing functions of embodiment；
Fig. 2 represents a part for Water, steam circulation in the thermal power plant including steam-turbine plant, is used for another by the present invention
A kind of forcing functions of embodiment；
Fig. 3 represents the thermo-lag schematic diagram of steam-turbine plant air exhauster, for by the another kind of embodiment of the present invention
Forcing functions；
Fig. 4 represent in steam-turbine plant by during an embodiment of the present invention forcing functions by the cooling of turbine
The mass flow of medium and the mass flow of the other cooling medium by bypass；And
Fig. 5 represented in steam-turbine plant by showing that an embodiment of the present invention forcing functions or turbine cool down
Figure.
Embodiment: in the steam-turbine plant do not have condenser or including the steam-turbine plant that do not has condenser
Thermal power plant in forcing functions (Fig. 1 to Fig. 5)
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 represents of Water, steam circulation 2 in the thermal power plant 1 of the steam-turbine plant 3 including not having condenser
Point.
When thermal power plant 1 runs, that heated and heated further by superheater by boiler, hereinafter only claim
For the superheated vapour/high steam 15 of process gas 15, by input channel 30, new at steam turbine 29
Steam side 13 flows in steam turbine 29 via turbine import 4, flows through steamer along process gas flow direction 27
Machine 29, does mechanical work there or in the process by expansion and cooling.
Then the generator (not shown) by being connected with steam turbine 9, makes mechanical output be converted to electrical power,
Its feed-in electrical network in the form of electric current.
The process gas 15 expanding at the exhaust region 31 of steam turbine 29, by there be steam discharge in form
The turbine outlet 5 of adapter 9, discharges from steam turbine 29, and back flows back into boiler via blow-off line 9, by
This makes water-vapour cycle 2 close.
By the valve being arranged in input channel the 12nd, 11, that is quick closing valve 12 and regulation valve 11, with
And the valve 33 being arranged in discharge duct 9, it is adjusted or controls process gas 15 flowing into steam turbine 29
Or flow out from steam turbine 29.
Work on steam turbine 29, as safeguarded and checking work, will transport in the rotation closing down steam turbine 29
Could implement after row.And the axle system (not shown) of steam turbine 3 must be cooled to from operating temperature about 600 DEG C
Less than 100 DEG C.
Described cooling in the case of not having foreign intervention to continue many days, that is about 8 days, thermal power plant 1
The wholly off duration of runs be longer than this time period.
In order to reduce run down time or shorten cooling stage, in steam-turbine plant 3 or at steam turbine 29
Middle use forcing functions.
When forcing functions (Fig. 5,100), in steam turbine 29, replace process gas 15, from ring around
Surrounding air 7 is sucked (Fig. 5,110) in steam turbine as cooling medium 7 by border 14, and surrounding air
The flow direction 27 (being also cooling medium flow direction 28 in this case) of process gas when 7 edges are run
Be sucked or blow through steam turbine 29 (Fig. 5,120), in order that ensure cool down as far as possible all overheated
Steam turbine component (Fig. 5,130).
For causing necessity, the flowing side by cooling medium 7 process gas in steam turbine 29 or when edge runs
Drawn by the suction flowing of steam turbine 29 to 27 (being also cooling medium flow direction 28 in this case)
Air exhauster 6, as represent in Fig. 1, in turbine discharge side 31, is connected by the negative pressure (step-down) rising
(opening during at forcing functions) between turbine outlet 5 and (closing during at forcing functions) valve 33
On suction channel.
Cooling medium 7 or surrounding air 7 enter steam turbine 29, here the initial steam side 13 at steam turbine 3,
By at quick closing valve 12 (closing during at forcing functions), (during at forcing functions, part is beaten with regulation valve 11
Open) between fan adapter 10 carry out.
By the cooling effect of surrounding air 7, that is along cooling medium flow direction 28 (in this situation
Under the flow direction 27 of process gas when being also to run) when flowing through steam turbine 29, cooling steam turbine 29 or its
Component the quick cooling thus reaching steam turbine component.
Aspirated along flow direction 27 or the cooling medium flow direction 28 of process gas when running by air exhauster 6
By the surrounding air 7 of steam turbine 29, again enter surrounding environment 14 as air exhauster exhaust 20.
Because not allowing to surmount the cooling gradient allowed in steam turbine component, otherwise component damage can be caused,
So the amount of the surrounding air 7 of suction to be adjusted.For this at turbine import 4s (in initial steam side 13)
Regulation valve 11 is used as guiding mechanism.
Fig. 2 represents Water, steam circulation 2 in the thermal power plant 1 of the steam-turbine plant 3 including not having condenser equally
A part.
Here will be heated by boiler when thermal power plant 1 runs also by input channel 30 and be entered one by superheater
Superheated water-vapour/the high steam 15 of step heating or process gas 15, at initial steam side 13 warp of steam turbine 29
Flowed in steam turbine 29 by turbine import 4, flow through steam turbine 29 along process gas flow direction 27, at that
In or in the process by expand and cooling do mechanical work.
The process gas 15 expanding at the exhaust region 31 of steam turbine 29, by there be steam discharge in form
The turbine outlet 5 of adapter 9, discharges from steam turbine 29, and back flows back into boiler via blow-off line 9, by
This makes water-vapour cycle 2 close.
By the valve being arranged in input channel the 12nd, 11, that is quick closing valve 12 and regulation valve 11, with
And the valve 33 being arranged in discharge duct 9, it is adjusted or controls process gas 15 flowing into steam turbine 29
Or flow out from steam turbine 29.
Here also for reduce run down time or shorten cooling stage, in steam-turbine plant 3 or
Steam turbine 29 uses forcing functions.
When forcing functions (Fig. 5,100), in steam turbine 29, replace process gas 15, from ring around
Surrounding air 7 is sucked (Fig. 5,110) in steam turbine as cooling medium 7 by border 14, and surrounding air
During 7 inverse operation, the flow direction 27 of process gas is sucked along cooling medium flow direction 28 or blow through vapour
Turbine 29 (Fig. 5,120), in order that same guarantee cool down as far as possible all heat steam turbine component (Fig. 5,
130)。
For cause necessity, by cooling medium 7 in steam turbine 29 or inverse run when process gas flowing side
The negative pressure (step-down) being caused by the suction flowing of steam turbine 29 to 27 or cooling medium flow direction 28,
As Fig. 2 represents, in this case in steam turbine initial steam side 13, air exhauster 6 is connected to
Between quick closing valve 12 (closing when forcing functions) and regulation valve 11 (opening when forcing functions)
In fan adapter 10.
Cooling medium 7 or surrounding air 7 from surrounding environment 14 enter steam turbine 29, here by
Regulation valve 35 is had (to force between turbine outlet 5 and quick closing valve 33 (closing during at forcing functions)
Partially open during cooling) suction channel 34 (opening when forcing functions) carry out.
By the cooling effect of surrounding air 7, that is mistake when along cooling medium flow direction 28 or inverse operation
When the flow direction 27 of journey gas flows through steam turbine 29, cooling steam turbine 29 or its component simultaneously thus reach vapour
The quick cooling of turbine component.
By air exhauster 6 is inverse run when the flow direction 27 of process gas or lead to along cooling medium flow direction 28
Cross the surrounding air 7 of steam turbine 29 suction, again enter surrounding environment 14 as air exhauster exhaust 20.
Because here also not allowing to surmount the cooling gradient allowed in steam turbine component, otherwise can cause
Component damage, so the amount of the surrounding air 7 of also suction to be adjusted.Export 5 for this at turbine (at exhaust region
31) the regulation valve 35 in suction channel 34 is used as guiding mechanism.
Alternatively, in the case of cancelling regulation valve 35 in suction channel 34, adjustment can be by
Regulation valve 11 in steam turbine initial steam side 13 completes.
In addition, that is in order to adjust the surrounding air 7 of suction when by the forcing functions of Fig. 2, as also
When forcing functions as shown in Figure 1 like that, the adjustment of surrounding air 7 also can be entered by being located at air exhauster
A single adjustment valve of (in FIG) or pipeline 30 interior (Fig. 2) in the suction channel 34 of mouth 16
Carry out.Then, when here adjusting surrounding air 7 by described single adjustment valve, regulation valve (11) (
In Fig. 1) or regulation valve 35 (in fig. 2) open all the time.
Fig. 3 represents by the thermo-lag schematic diagram of air exhauster 6 of the steam-turbine plant 3 of Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.
The temperature limiting of its air exhauster exhaust 20 is such as 150 DEG C by air exhauster 6.Thus, more precisely,
For example when being temporarily heated to be 30 DEG C of the medium by flowing through air exhauster, Jie that also will be sucked by air exhauster 6
(air exhauster) inlet temperature of matter 36 is limited to 120 DEG C.
In order to not past maximum allowable air exhauster delivery temperature or air exhauster inlet temperature, in thermo-lag feelings
Under condition, the input channel 30 of air exhauster 6 is provided with bypass 17, Yi Jiling in the region of air exhauster import 16
One cooling medium feedway 17.
Bypass 17 by this, the regulation valve 18 by air exhauster 6 with by being located in bypass 17, (quantity)
Adjustably aspirate other surrounding airs 8 from surrounding environment 14 via input channel 30, be situated between as other cooling
Matter 8, and be admixed to export 4 (seeing Fig. 1) or turbine import 5 (seeing Fig. 2) from steam turbine via turbine
29 along cooling medium flow direction 28 flow out surrounding air 7 along 140, in order to be allowed to cool.
Alternatively, adjustment and the described other cooling of described other cooling medium 8 quantity is situated between
Mixing from matter 8 to surrounding air 7 or blending 140, it is also possible to by described other cooling medium 8 and ring
No. three blenders of border air 7 intersection are carried out.
This ambient air mixture 36 passes through in air exhauster import 16 suction air exhauster 6, and via at it
The discharge duct 30 of exhaust side 37 leaves air exhauster 6 as air exhauster exhaust 20, enters surrounding environment 14
In.
By the temperature sensor 19 in discharge duct 30 region being arranged on air exhauster exhaust 20, measurement is taken out
The temperature of blower fan exhaust 20.
Controller 22, according to the delivery temperature of the air exhauster recording, adjusts regulation valve 17 and drives air exhauster 6
Air exhauster motor 21.
Fig. 4 (abscissa 23 [time t], ordinate 24 [mass flow ms]) in coordinate diagram represents,
In the case of implementing forcing functions for thermal protection air exhauster 6, by the surrounding air 7 of steam turbine 29 with
And the change curve the 25th, 26 of mass flow ms by the surrounding airs 9 of bypass 17 blending.
When forcing functions starts, it is only necessary to or it is (cold to allow to guide MIN a small amount of by steam turbine 29
) surrounding air 7, in order that reaching maximum allowable cooling velocity, or in order to reach what turbine component was allowed
Cooling gradient.
The surrounding air 7 of this small amount of, by steam turbine 29 still overheated at this moment, by with awfully hot
Turbine component heat exchange, equally by heat intensive.
In order to the surrounding air 7 still awfully hot at this moment flowing out from steam turbine 29 is cooled to air exhauster 6
The air exhauster delivery temperature allowed, via blending other surrounding air 8 and by tune with bypassing 17 maximums
Joint valve 18 adjusts.
The decline of t steam turbine temperature over time, and increase continuously the surrounding air 7 by steam turbine 29
Amount (seeing Fig. 4, curve 26), the blended amount meanwhile reducing other surrounding air 8 continuously (sees
Fig. 4, curve 25), until at the end of forcing functions, the blended amount of other surrounding air 8 being reduced to it
Minimum, or will increase to its maximum by the amount of the surrounding air 7 of steam turbine 29.
Therefore, by the surrounding air 7 by steam turbine 29 with by bypassing what the surrounding air 8 of 17 formed
Mixture 36, has, in air exhauster 6 import, the air exhauster import allowed during forcing functions whenever
Temperature, or the air exhauster delivery temperature allowed.
Thus while " making full use of the maximum cooling velocity of turbine component ", effectively prevent air exhauster overheated.
Although illustrated and illustrated the present invention in detail by preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not by open example
Restriction, and those skilled in the art can derive other flexible programs, accordingly all without departing from the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (24)
1. a turbine installation (3), including turbine (29), this turbine operationally can be by process gas (15)
Streamwise (27) exports (5) and flows through from turbine import (4) to turbine, air exhauster (6) and turbine
Outlet (5) connect, by use air exhauster (6) can by by air exhauster (6) via turbine import (4)
The cooling medium (7) sucking in turbine (29) is drawn through turbine along process gas flow direction (27)
(29), or, air exhauster (6) is connected with turbine import (4), by using the air exhauster (6) can be by
Sucked cooling medium (7) the inverse process gas in turbine (29) by air exhauster (6) via turbine outlet (5)
Body flow direction (27) is drawn through turbine (29), it is characterized by: include that another is arranged on air exhauster
(6) the cooling medium feedway (17) of import (16), can be by other cooling medium (8) by it
It is blended in that flow out from turbine (29) and be inhaled in the cooling medium (7) air exhauster (6).
2. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, it is characterized by, described cooling medium supply dress
Put (17) to refer to bypass (17).
3., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) with
Turbine outlet (5) connects, and wherein, sucks the cooling medium in turbine (29) via turbine import (4)
(7), can be aspirated along the flow direction (27) of process gas when running by turbine (29).
4., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 3, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) with thoroughly
Clear mouth (5) place exhaust passage (9) connect.
5. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) and turbine
Import (4) connects, and wherein, sucks the cooling medium (7) in turbine (29) via turbine outlet (5),
When can inverse run, the flow direction (27) of process gas is drawn through turbine (29).
6., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 5, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) with thoroughly
The resuperheat side of the initial steam/heat of flat import (4)/overflow input channel (13) connects.
7. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) and turbine
(29) high-pressure section turbine, intermediate pressure section turbine and/or low-pressure section turbine (29) connect.
8. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 7, it is characterized by, air exhauster (6) and turbine
(29) exhaust passage (9) of high-pressure section turbine, intermediate pressure section turbine and/or low-pressure section turbine (29)
Or the resuperheat side of initial steam/heat/overflow input channel (13) connects.
9. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, it is characterized by, cooling medium (7) is ring
Border air, can be by using valve (the 12nd, 11) domination, adjusting and/or control surrounding air inflow turbine (29).
10. according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, it is characterized by, process gas (15) is
Water vapour.
11., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 9, is characterized by, turbine (29) has one
Fan adapter (10) being located between two valves (the 12nd, 11), by using air exhauster (6) by wherein
At least one valve (the 12nd, 11) domination, adjustment and/or control cooling medium (7) take over (10) via fan
Suck turbine (29).
12., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 11, is characterized by, turbine (29) has one
It is located at fan adapter (10) at turbine import (4) place.
13., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 1, is characterized by, described turbine (29) is
The part turbine of steam turbine or steam turbine.
14., according to the turbine installation (3) described in claim 13, is characterized by, described steam turbine is divided into
The manifold steam turbine not having low-pressure section turbine.
15. 1 kinds of methods (100) for cooling turbine device (3), turbine installation (3) includes turbine
(29), this turbine operationally by process gas (15) streamwise (27) from turbine import (4)
To turbine outlet (5) flow through, wherein, cooling medium (7) by use with turbine import (4) or with thoroughly
In the air exhauster (6) that mouth (5) of clearing connects is inhaled into turbine (29), and along or inverse run when mistake
The flow direction (27) of journey gas is sucked (120) and passes through turbine (29), from there through cooling medium (7)
Cooling (130) turbine (29).
16. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 15, wherein, and cooling
Medium (7) is via being located between two valves (the 12nd, 11), in turbine (29) input channel (13)
Fan adapter (10) be inhaled in turbine, and wherein, give the cooling medium sucking in air exhauster (6)
(7) enter air exhauster (6) at it and front be incorporated (140) other cooling medium (8).
17. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 16, wherein, described
Input channel (13) is positioned at the initial steam side or saturating at the intermediate pressure section of turbine of the high-pressure section turbine at turbine
The resuperheat side of flat heat.
18. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 16, wherein, described
Other cooling medium (8) is surrounding air.
19., according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 16, wherein, pass through
Use at least one of which valve (the 12nd, 11) domination, control and/or adjust cooling medium (7) suction turbine (29)
In.
20. according to the method (100) for cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 19, wherein,
Described valve (the 12nd, 11) is quick closing valve and/or regulation valve.
21. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 16, wherein, blends
(140) other cooling medium (8) is entered by using regulation valve (18) domination, adjustment and/or control ground
OK.
22., according to the method (100) of the cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 21, wherein, mix
Close (140) according to the temperature of turbine temperature and/or the cooling medium (7) being aspirated by air exhauster (6) and/or
The temperature of the other cooling medium (8) blending and/or the cooling medium mixture being blown out by air exhauster (6)
(20) temperature is carried out.
23. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) according to any one of claim 15 to 22,
Use in the turbine installation (3) not having condenser.
24. according to the method (100) of cooling turbine device (3) described in claim 23, uses in back pressure
In formula turbine installation (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20120166000 EP2657467A1 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | Forced cooling for steam turbine assemblies |
| EP12166000.5 | 2012-04-27 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/057964 WO2013160164A2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-17 | Forced cooling in steam turbine plants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104271897A CN104271897A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| CN104271897B true CN104271897B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
Family
ID=48227190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380022192.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104271897B (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-17 | A kind of turbine installation and the method for cooling turbine device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150121871A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2657467A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104271897B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013160164A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3029280B1 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2023-02-08 | General Electric Technology GmbH | A method for starting a steam turbine |
| US10577962B2 (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2020-03-03 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine temperature control system |
| CN113790086B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-06-25 | 华能南京金陵发电有限公司 | Cooling water system for steam turbine |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH554486A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1974-09-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | METHOD OF COOLING A FLOW MACHINE. |
| US3990245A (en) * | 1976-01-30 | 1976-11-09 | Volkmar Heilemann | Energy converter device |
| JPS58220907A (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1983-12-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Cooling of steam turbine and apparatus therefor |
| JP2954797B2 (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1999-09-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Forced cooling system for steam turbine |
| DE19547803C1 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-04-10 | Siemens Ag | Steam-turbine assembly for electricity power station |
| DE19823251C1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-07-08 | Siemens Ag | Steam turbine low-pressure stage cooling method e.g. for power station turbines |
| US6443690B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2002-09-03 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Steam cooling system for balance piston of a steam turbine and associated methods |
| EP1998014A3 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-12-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a multi-stage steam turbine |
-
2012
- 2012-04-27 EP EP20120166000 patent/EP2657467A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-04-17 CN CN201380022192.XA patent/CN104271897B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-17 US US14/397,327 patent/US20150121871A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-04-17 EP EP13719440.3A patent/EP2839119A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-04-17 WO PCT/EP2013/057964 patent/WO2013160164A2/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013160164A3 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
| EP2657467A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| EP2839119A2 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| WO2013160164A2 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| CN104271897A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| US20150121871A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
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