CN104265571A - Novel inner rotor five-freedom-degree magnetic suspension vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel inner rotor five-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation vertical axis wind power generator, which includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly. Two protective bearings, an axial magnetic bearing stator, a first radial magnetic bearing stator, a second radial magnetic bearing stator, a casing, and a generator stator; the rotor assembly includes fan blades, a rotating shaft, a first protective bearing retaining ring, a second Two protection bearing retaining rings, generator rotors, radial magnetic bearing rotor rings, spoke-shaped rotor discs, first magnetic isolation rings, and second magnetic isolation rings; the invention not only has no noise, no friction loss, low starting wind speed, and stable It has many advantages such as controllability, no need for lubrication and sealing, and also has the advantages of short axial length, compact structure, light rotor weight, and no magnetic circuit coupling between the axial radial magnetic bearing and the generator rotor.

Description

A new type of inner rotor five-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation vertical axis wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to a magnetic levitation wind power generator, in particular to a novel inner rotor magnetic levitation vertical axis wind power generator, which is suitable for the field of wind power generation.

Background technique

With the development of society and economy, the consumption of energy is increasing rapidly. Non-renewable fossil energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are almost exhausted. In order to realize the sustainable development of human society in the future and solve the environmental problems caused by fossil energy, wind energy has become the trend of future development to replace non-renewable fossil fuel energy.

One of the key technologies for utilizing wind energy is the use of wind turbines. Traditional wind turbines have the advantages of cleanliness, good environmental benefits, flexible installed capacity, and relatively mature technology. Large, frictional loss, instability, traditional mechanical bearings require regular maintenance, adding lubricating oil, and certain sealing.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional wind power generators, magnetic levitation wind power generators came into being with their own unique advantages: since there is no contact between the magnetic bearing stator and rotor, it can basically be noiseless; the starting wind speed is low, and the magnetic levitation starting wind speed is the lowest Can be as low as 0.8m/s; no friction loss; stable and controllable; no need for lubrication and sealing.

In terms of vertical axis maglev wind turbines, many patents have effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional wind turbines, such as the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101915214A, titled "Five Degrees of Freedom Full Suspension Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with External Rotor Structure", China Patent Publication No. CN101761454A, titled "A Vertical Axis Magnetic Levitation Wind Power Generator", etc., but they all have serious defects: since the generator body, the axial and radial magnetic bearing bodies are distributed along the axis in sequence, the gap between the three There are no intersecting parts, so their axial length is too long, which is not conducive to the reduction of the volume of the vertical axis magnetic levitation wind turbine; there is magnetic circuit coupling between the axial magnetic bearing, the radial magnetic bearing and the generator rotor; etc. .

Compared with horizontal-axis wind turbines, vertical-axis wind turbines are installed on the roof of residential buildings and other places with relatively low terrain. Therefore, it is particularly important to reduce the volume and weight of wind turbines.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a novel vertical axis magnetic levitation wind power generator. It can realize the stable suspension of five degrees of freedom of the rotor, the rotating part has no mechanical contact with the static part, completely eliminates mechanical friction and wear, realizes "breeze start", and improves the utilization rate of wind energy. The rotating part adopts the structure of "I", the shaft, the radial magnetic bearing body and the generator body overlap in the axial space, which greatly reduces the axial length of the vertical axis generator, which is conducive to the reduction of the generator volume and compact structure.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A new type of inner rotor five-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation vertical axis wind power generator, including a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, the rotor assembly adopts the structure of "I" as a whole; the stator assembly includes a casing, a generator stator, and a first protective bearing , the second protective bearing, the axial magnetic bearing stator, the first radial magnetic bearing stator, and the second radial magnetic bearing stator; ring, generator rotor, radial magnetic bearing rotor ring, spoke-shaped rotor disc, first magnetic isolation ring, and second magnetic isolation ring; the generator stator is installed on the housing and cooperates with the generator rotor to form The working air gap of the generator; the rotor components are all fixed on the rotating shaft. Along the rotating shaft from top to bottom, there are: fan blades, the first protective bearing retaining ring, the generator rotor, the first magnetic isolation ring, and the second magnetic isolation ring. ring, radial magnetic bearing rotor ring, rotor disc, and the second protective bearing retaining ring; the rotor assembly is assembled in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction: generator rotor, second magnetic isolation ring, The radial magnetic bearing rotor ring, the first magnetic isolation ring, and the rotor disk; the fan blades are connected to the rotating shaft, and the middle and bottom of the rotating shaft are respectively fitted and fixed with the first protective bearing retaining ring and the second protective bearing retaining ring. The lower ends of the first protective bearing retaining ring and the second protective bearing retaining ring are respectively provided with a first protective bearing and a second protective bearing at corresponding positions close to the housing, and the first protective bearing and the second protective bearing are respectively installed on At the top and bottom ends of the center of the housing, the first protective bearing and the second protective bearing respectively form an axial protective air gap with the first protective bearing retaining ring and the second protective bearing retaining ring; the first protective bearing, the second protective bearing The protective bearing and the rotating shaft form a radial protective air gap. The radial magnetic bearing rotor is in the shape of a ring, and the inner and outer sides of the radial magnetic bearing rotor are symmetrically attached to the first magnetic isolation ring and the second magnetic isolation ring respectively; the first radial magnetic bearing stator . The second radial magnetic bearing stator is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the edge of the rotor disk, and shares the same radial magnetic bearing rotor. The first radial magnetic bearing stator, the second radial magnetic bearing stator and the radial magnetic bearing stator The bearing rotor rings form the upper and lower radial magnetic bearings; the spoke-shaped rotor discs are made into discs in the middle, and the discs act as axial magnetic bearing rotors, and the discs and axial magnetic bearing stators form axial magnetic bearings; There is a through hole in the middle of the disk so that the rotor disk is set and fixed on the rotating shaft.

Further, the axial magnetic bearing stator is installed on the casing, symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the central disk of the rotor disk, and cooperates with the central disk of the rotor disk to form an axial magnetic bearing working air gap, and the axial magnetic bearing A permanent magnetic bias hybrid axial magnetic bearing is selected.

Further, the first radial magnetic bearing stator and the second radial magnetic bearing stator are installed on the casing, and cooperate with the radial magnetic bearing rotor to form an upper and lower radial magnetic bearing working air gap, and the upper and lower radial magnetic bearings are selected from Permanently biased hybrid magnetic bearings.

Further, both the first magnetic isolation ring and the second magnetic isolation ring are made of aluminum and epoxy resin non-magnetic materials.

Further, the rotor disk and the radial magnetic bearing rotor ring are both formed by laminating silicon steel sheets.

Further, the upper and lower radial magnetic bearing bodies composed of the first radial magnetic bearing stator and the second radial magnetic bearing stator and the radial magnetic bearing rotor ring respectively, the axial magnetic bearing stator and the center circle of the rotor disk The axial magnetic bearing body composed of the disk overlaps with the generator body composed of the generator stator and the generator rotor in the axial space.

Further, the structure of the maglev wind generator is suitable for a wind generator with a horizontal axis structure.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only has many advantages such as no noise, low starting wind speed, no friction loss, stable and controllable, no lubrication and sealing, strong environmental resistance, etc., but also has the following important advantages:

1) Traditional wind turbine rotors are all solid, but under the same mechanical stiffness, the spoke structure greatly reduces the weight of the rotor, which greatly reduces the suspension load of the axial magnetic bearing, which is beneficial to the shaft The reduction in the volume of the magnetic bearing is more conducive to the reduction of energy consumption of the axial magnetic bearing.

2) The structure is compact, the rotating part adopts the structure of "I", the generator body and the shaft radial magnetic bearing body intersect in the axial space, which greatly reduces the axial length of the motor body, and can even be said to save The axial length occupied by the shaft and radial magnetic bearing is reduced, which is beneficial to the reduction of the overall volume of the generator.

3) The two magnetic isolation rings are made of aluminum and epoxy resin non-magnetic materials, which greatly reduces the magnetic circuit coupling between the axial magnetic bearing, radial magnetic bearing and generator rotor, and improves the stability of the generator sex.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall axial cross-sectional view of an inner rotor maglev vertical axis wind turbine.

Fig. 2 is a radial cross-sectional top view of the rotor of the maglev vertical axis wind turbine.

In the figure: 1 is the fan blade, 2 is the rotating shaft, 3 is the first protective bearing retaining ring, 4 is the first protective bearing, 5 is the axial magnetic bearing stator, 6 is the first radial magnetic bearing stator, 7 is the shell, 8 is the generator stator, 9 is the generator rotor, 10 is the radial magnetic bearing rotor ring, 11 is the rotor disk, 12 is the second protection bearing stop ring, 13 is the second protection bearing, 14 is the second radial magnetic bearing In the stator, 15 is the first magnetic isolation ring, and 16 is the second magnetic isolation ring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is an overall axial sectional view of the inner rotor maglev vertical axis wind turbine, and Fig. 2 is a radial sectional top view of the rotor of the maglev vertical axis wind turbine. The generator stator 8 is installed on the casing 7, and forms the generator body with the generator rotor 9. The radial magnetic bearing rotor ring 10 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and is symmetrically fixed on the first magnetic isolation ring 15; the first radial magnetic bearing stator 6 and the second radial magnetic bearing stator 14 are respectively distributed on the rotor The upper and lower sides of the disk 11 share a radial magnetic bearing rotor ring 10, that is, the first radial magnetic bearing stator 6, the second radial magnetic bearing stator 14 and the radial magnetic bearing rotor ring 10 form the upper and lower radial magnetic bearings . The spoke-shaped rotor disk 11 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the middle is made into a disk of appropriate size. The disk and the axial magnetic bearing stator 5 form an axial magnetic bearing. A round hole of an appropriate size is left in the middle of the disk so that the rotor disk 11 Fits on reel 2. The rotating part adopts the structure of "I". From the outside to the inside along the radial direction, the generator rotor 9, magnetic isolation ring 16, radial magnetic bearing rotor ring 10, magnetic isolation ring 15 and rotor disk 11 are installed as a whole. Fits on reel 2. The rotating parts of the wind power generator are all set on the rotating shaft 2, and the order from top to bottom along the shaft is: the wind blade 1, the first protective bearing stop ring 3, the generator rotor 9, the second magnetic isolation ring 16, the radial magnetic bearing The rotor ring 10 , the first magnetic isolation ring 15 , and the rotor disc 11 are assembled as a whole, and the second protective bearing stop ring 12 is formed. The first protective bearing 4 and the second protective bearing 13 are respectively mounted on the top and the bottom of the center of the housing 7 to play a protective role. The first magnetic isolation ring 15 and the second magnetic isolation ring 16 can be made of non-magnetic materials such as aluminum and epoxy resin, or can be made of good magnetic materials such as superconductors, which greatly reduces the number of axial magnetic bearings and radial magnetic bearings. and the magnetic circuit coupling between the three generator rotors.

The basic working principle of the present invention: when the wind blows to the wind blade 1, the wind blade 1 drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 2 drives the generator rotor 9 set on itself to rotate to generate electricity; when the wind blows to the wind blade 1, the wind When blade 1 is subjected to force changes or disturbances, the wind turbine realizes stable suspension with four degrees of freedom in the radial direction through the upper and lower radial magnetic bearings, and stable suspension with a single degree of freedom in the axial direction through the axial magnetic bearings, thereby achieving five Freedom of stable suspension. When the wind generator starts or stops, the rotor of the wind generator falls on the protection bearing to protect the stator and rotor from colliding.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a Novel inner rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator, comprises stator module and rotor assembly, and described rotor assembly entirety adopts " work " word structural type;

Described stator module comprises shell (7), generator unit stator (8), the first protection bearing (4), the second protection bearing (13), axial magnetic bearing stator (5), the first radial direction magnetic bearing stator (6), the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator (14);

Described rotor assembly comprises fan blade (1), rotating shaft (2), the first protection bearing baffle ring (3), the second protection bearing baffle ring (12), generator amature (9), radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10), the rotor disk (11) of spoke shpae, the first magnetism resistent ring (15), the second magnetism resistent ring (16);

Described generator unit stator (8) is arranged on described shell (7), coordinates form generator operation air gap with described generator amature (9);

Described rotor assembly is all fixed in rotating shaft (2), along rotating shaft (2) from top to bottom successively: fan blade (1), first protection bearing baffle ring (3), the one-piece element be assembled into by generator amature (9), the first magnetism resistent ring (15), the second magnetism resistent ring (16), radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10), rotor disk (11), the second protection bearing baffle ring (12); Described rotor assembly is radially set with from outside to inside successively: generator amature (9), the second magnetism resistent ring (16), radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10), the first magnetism resistent ring (15), rotor disk (11);

Described fan blade (1) connects described rotating shaft (2), described rotating shaft (2) middle part and bottom are set with fixes the first protection bearing baffle ring (3), second protection bearing baffle ring (12), described first protection bearing baffle ring (3), second opposite position protecting the lower end of bearing baffle ring (12) to press close to described shell (7) is respectively equipped with the first protection bearing (4), second protection bearing (13), described first protection bearing (4), second protection bearing (13) is arranged on top and the bottom at shell (7) center respectively, described first protection bearing (4), second protection bearing (13) protects bearing baffle ring (3) with first respectively, second protection bearing baffle ring (12) is formed axially protects air gap, described first protection bearing (4), the second protection bearing (13) form radial direction with rotating shaft (2) and protect air gap,

Described radial direction magnetic bearing rotor (10) is in circular, and the inner side and outer side of described radial direction magnetic bearing rotor (10) mounts on the first magnetism resistent ring (15), the second magnetism resistent ring (16) respectively symmetrically; Described first radial direction magnetic bearing stator (6), the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator (14) are distributed in the upper and lower sides at rotor disk (11) edge, and sharing same radial direction magnetic bearing rotor (10), described first radial direction magnetic bearing stator (6), the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator (14) and described radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10) form upper and lower radial direction magnetic bearing;

Make disk in the middle of the rotor disk (11) of described spoke shpae, described disk serves as axial magnetic bearing rotor, and described the disc and shaft is to magnetic bearing stator (5) composition axial magnetic bearing; Via hole is left, so that rotor disk (11) suit is fixed in rotating shaft (2) in the middle of described disk.

2. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described axial magnetic bearing stator (5) is arranged on shell (7), be distributed in the upper and lower sides of rotor disk (11) center disk symmetrically, and coordinate with rotor disk (11) center disk and form axial magnetic bearing working gas gap, described axial magnetic bearing selects permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearing.

3. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first radial direction magnetic bearing stator (6), the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator (14) are arranged on shell (7), and coordinate with radial direction magnetic bearing rotor (10) and form upper and lower radial direction magnetic bearing working gas gap, described upper and lower radial direction magnetic bearing selects permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing.

4. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first magnetism resistent ring (15), described second magnetism resistent ring (16) are formed by aluminium, epoxy resin non-magnet material.

5. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotor disk (11) and described radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10) form by silicon steel plate stacking.

6. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the body of radial direction magnetic bearing be up and down made up of with radial direction magnetic bearing rotor ring (10) respectively described first radial direction magnetic bearing stator (6) and the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator (14), the axial magnetic bearing body be made up of described axial magnetic bearing stator (5) and rotor disk (11) center disk, overlap on axial space with the engine block be made up of described generator unit stator (8) and generator amature (9).

7. internal rotor suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic vertical axis aerogenerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the structure of described magnetic suspending wind turbine generator is applicable to the wind-driven generator of horizontal axis structure.