CN104258709A - Waste derived fuel burning smoke separation and purifying process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for separating and purifying flue gas from waste-derived fuel incineration, which includes the following steps: the flue gas produced by incineration in an incinerator is sufficiently oxygenated in the incinerator to desulfurize and denitrify with ammonia water, and the dry ice quenching tower is rapidly cooled to prevent the formation of dioxins, The chelating agent is used to adsorb heavy metals in the cyclone dust collector, the slaked lime slurry is deacidified in the semi-dry deacidification tower, the activated carbon is used to absorb impurity particles in the activated carbon injector, and the dust particles are filtered through the film filter material in the bag filter, and the hollow fiber microporous The carbon dioxide is absorbed in the membrane filter tank through the absorption liquid, and the heating furnace is heated to 250°C-350°C. After passing the inspection of all indicators, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the high chimney through the induced draft fan. The invention provides a waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process, which effectively separates and purifies harmful substances in the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas.

Description

A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process

technical field

The invention relates to a flue gas separation and purification process, in particular to a waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process.

Background technique

Waste-derived fuel incineration has been widely used due to its advantages of high calorific value and high recycling rate. However, the flue gas produced during the incineration process still contains many harmful substances, which may cause secondary pollution to the environment. The main components of harmful substances in flue gas include soot and fly ash, acid gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, etc.), particulate matter, heavy metals, dioxins, etc. How to effectively separate and purify the flue gas from waste-derived fuel incineration so as to ensure that the pollutant content falls below the standard limit before safe discharge has become a problem that needs to be solved when designing a waste incineration flue gas treatment system.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process, which can effectively separate and purify harmful substances in the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas.

The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process, the process flow includes the following steps in sequence:

A desulfurization and denitrification; waste-derived fuel enters the incinerator for incineration, the temperature in the incinerator is maintained above 850°C, the temperature at the outlet end of the incinerator cavity is maintained at 850°C-1050°C, and the residence time of the flue gas at the outlet end of the incinerator cavity At the same time, the top of the outlet end of the incinerator cavity is continuously sprayed with ammonia water through the ammonia water spray device and equipped with circular combustion-supporting oxygen, and the generated ammonia fertilizer falls into the conveyor belt at the bottom;

B anti-dioxin; the hot flue gas enters from the upper part of the dry ice quenching tower, flows from top to bottom along the tower wall embedded with dry ice, and the flue gas contacts the sprayed atomized quenching water downstream, due to the combination of cold water and dry ice Rapid gasification, the hot flue gas is cooled to below 200°C within 0.5S;

C removal of heavy metals; the quenched flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector from the lower part of the dry ice quenching tower, the temperature of the flue gas is maintained at 150°C-200°C, the top of the cyclone dust collector is sprayed with a chelating agent solution, and the chelating agent is sprayed into the flue gas under pressure The heavy metals are fully mixed to form particles, and the particles fall to the particle conveyor belt;

D Semi-dry deacidification; the flue gas enters from the lower part of the semi-dry deacidification tower, and the rotary sprayer at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower sprays slaked lime slurry downwards, and the slaked lime slurry solution and the rising flue gas flow countercurrently, and the acidity in the flue gas The substance reacts to form a dry powder substance, the powder falls to the particle conveyor belt, and the temperature of the flue gas drops below 130°C;

E Removal of particulate matter; the flue gas enters the activated carbon injector between the semi-dry deacidification tower and the bag filter, and the activated carbon injector sprays powdered activated carbon into the flue gas pipeline, and the activated carbon particles adsorbing impurities fall from the lower end of the activated carbon injector Fall to the pellet conveyor belt;

F absorbs smoke and dust; the flue gas enters from the lower part of the bag filter, the temperature is controlled above 60°C, and is filtered through the film filter material in the bag filter;

G removes carbon dioxide; weakly acidic gas enters the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank, the temperature is controlled at 40°C-50°C, the weakly acidic gas flows between the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements, the absorption liquid on the surface of the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements and Carbon dioxide reacts to form a weakly linked compound;

H exhaust gas; the flue gas enters the secondary heating furnace, is heated to 250°C-350°C, and then is discharged into the atmosphere through the high chimney through the induced draft fan.

The high-temperature flue gas produced by the incineration of waste-derived fuels is desulfurized and denitrified at the outlet of the incinerator cavity, and enters the dry ice quenching tower through the flue for rapid cooling, enters the cyclone dust collector to remove heavy metals and larger particles, and enters the semi-dry deacidification tower The acid is deacidified in the medium, enters the activated carbon injector to absorb particulate matter, enters the bag filter to absorb dust, enters the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank to remove carbon dioxide, and finally the gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the induced draft fan, the secondary heating furnace, and the high chimney. The collected fly ash, heavy metals, and particles are solidified, the collected ammonium salt is reprocessed into ammonia fertilizer, and the collected carbon dioxide is recycled.

Step A, desulfurization and denitrification. The flue gas produced by the incineration of waste-derived fuel stays at the outlet of the incinerator for more than 2 seconds, and the temperature is kept at 850°C-1050°C to avoid the formation of dioxins. At the same time, the top of the outlet end of the incinerator cavity is continuously sprayed with ammonia water and equipped with circular combustion-supporting oxygen through the ammonia water spray device. Multiple reactions have occurred between oxygen, ammonia water and the acidic substances in the flue gas. The main reaction equation is as follows:

CO + _O2 = _CO2

CO ₂ + 2NH ₃ H ₂ O = CO(NH ₂ ) ₂ + H ₂ O

SO ₂ + O ₂ = SO ₃

SO ₂ + 2NH ₃ H ₂ O = (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₃ + H ₂ O

SO ₂ + NH ₃ H ₂ O = NH ₄ HSO ₃

SO ₃ + 2NH ₃ H ₂ O = (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄

2NO + O ₂ = 2NO ₂

6NO + 4NH ₃ H ₂ O = 5N ₂ + 5H ₂ O

2NO ₂ + 2NH ₃ H ₂ O = NH ₄ NO ₃ + NH ₄ NO ₂ + H ₂ O

HF+ NH ₃ H ₂ O = NH ₄ F + H ₂ O

HCL+ NH ₃ H ₂ O = NH ₄ CL + H ₂ O

The reaction produces various ammonium salts. Since this step is in a high-temperature environment, the water is evaporated quickly without producing waste water. The ammonium salts generated fall into the bottom conveyor belt and can be further processed into ammonia fertilizer. The concentration of ammonia water and the filling amount of oxygen are adjusted according to the composition of flue gas and the flow rate. This step can carry out desulfurization and denitrification in the inner cavity of the incinerator, making full use of the heat generated by incineration, and does not need to add catalysts. It has a compact structure, saves costs, and has remarkable effects.

Step B, anti-dioxin. Due to the rapid gasification of cold water and dry ice, the hot flue gas is cooled to below 200°C within 0.5S, which avoids the conditions for the dioxin-like precursors to regenerate dioxins. In addition to cooling, the dry ice quencher also has the function of dust removal. During the quenching process of the flue gas, the quenching water and dry ice are all vaporized to cool down the flue gas and reduce its volume. At the same time, part of the fly ash is removed and discharged from the lower part of the quencher to the fly ash conveyor belt for solidification in the subsequent process.

Step C, removing heavy metals. The chelating agent solution sprayed on the top of the cyclone dust collector is pressurized and fully mixed with the flue gas containing heavy metals. The chelating agent is strongly chelated with the heavy metal ions to precipitate the heavy metal ions in the flue gas. The chelating agent is suitable for a wide range of pH values and is less affected by ion concentration. It can chelate heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, cadmium, mercury, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, and silver in exhaust gas. Then particles are formed. Due to the gasification of water at high temperature, the particles formed by chelation fall into the fly ash conveyor belt and are to be solidified in the subsequent process. The reaction temperature of step C is preferably 150°C-200°C. In this temperature range, there is no need to heat the reactants. At the same time, the chelating agent and the heavy metal ion chelate to form particles with a large particle size, and the water can be quickly vaporized, which is conducive to the separation of the particles.

Step D, semi-dry deacidification. The flue gas enters the lower part of the semi-dry deacidification tower after being removed by the cyclone dust collector to remove the larger particles. Absorption and purification of acid pollutants. Semi-dry deacidification uses slaked lime slurry to react with acid gas in flue gas, which can effectively remove hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen chloride and part of carbon dioxide. Its main reaction equation is:

2HF+ Ca(OH) ₂ = CaF ₂ + 2H ₂ O

2HCl + Ca(OH) ₂ = CaCl ₂ + 2H ₂ O

CO2 + Ca(OH) ₂ = CaCO ₃ + H ₂ O

In the semi-dry deacidification tower, the water in the slaked lime slurry is completely evaporated under the action of high-temperature flue gas, no redundant waste water is generated, and the temperature of the flue gas is also reduced to below 130°C. The product after the reaction is in the form of dry powder, except that some fly ash is discharged from the fly ash conveyor belt at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower to be solidified in the subsequent process, and the rest is drawn out from the upper part of the deacidification tower with the flue gas through the exhaust pump.

Step E, remove particulate matter. Due to the porous structure on the surface of activated carbon, it can further absorb heavy metals, small particles, ash and dioxins in the flue gas. The activated carbon particles adsorbed pollutants are intercepted by the film filter material in the bag filter and separated from the flue gas, thus further removing heavy metals, small particles, ash and dioxins in the flue gas. Activated carbon particles that do not adsorb pollutants form a filter cake on the surface of the membrane filter material, which can continue to adsorb heavy metals, small particles, ash and dioxins remaining in the flue gas.

Step F, absorbing smoke and dust. The flue gas enters from the lower part of the bag filter, the temperature is controlled above 60°C, and is filtered through the polytetrafluoroethylene film filter material in the bag filter. The acid dew point of the flue gas will affect the reliability and service life of the filter material. When the flue gas temperature is lower than the acid dew point, the acid liquid produced by condensation will corrode the dust collector or form soot adhesion on the filter material, which will affect the filtering effect. After the separation and purification of the above steps, the acid dew point of the flue gas is 45°C-55°C. Therefore, the temperature in this step is controlled above 60°C. There is no need to heat the flue gas separately, and it can reduce the corrosion of the equipment by the acid gas. Further, the tetrafluoroethylene film filter material is used for filtration to enhance the corrosion resistance of the filter material and prevent clogging.

Step G, removing carbon dioxide. After the flue gas is deacidified by the semi-dry deacidification tower and filtered by the bag filter, the flue gas after incineration has been separated from the flue gas. The gas is basically pure and only contains a small amount of residual carbon dioxide, which makes the gas weakly acidic. Weak acid gas is pressurized into the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank, flows between the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements, while the absorption liquid flows in the opposite direction, carbon dioxide infiltrates layer by layer under the action of the concentration gradient, and the absorption liquid on the surface of the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements In full contact with carbon dioxide, it reacts to form a weakly linked compound. The treated gas is reheated by the secondary heating furnace and tested to be qualified, and then discharged into the atmosphere from the high chimney. The absorption liquid enriched with carbon dioxide is pumped away from the surface of the hollow fiber microporous membrane element through a liquid pump, and after heat exchange with the absorption liquid that has not absorbed carbon dioxide in the heat exchanger, it enters the regeneration tower for desorption and regeneration.

Step H, discharging gas. The gas enters the secondary heating furnace with a clean inner cavity and is heated to 250°C-350°C, and after all indicators are up to standard, it is discharged into the atmosphere through a high chimney.

Further, the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process flow is controlled by a computer automatic control system, and the computer automatic control system also includes a detection system, a data storage and an operation display screen.

The computer automatic control system can automatically start and stop the devices involved in the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process in sequence, automatically detect and store operating parameters, and automatically adjust key parameters, so as to realize automatic control of the flue gas purification device. The computer automatic control system adopts a distributed control structure, which is mainly composed of an industrial control computer system, a PLC control system, a field control system, and a data communication network. The induced draft fan adopts frequency conversion control, which is adjusted according to the characteristics of the fuel and the change of the load. The dust removal control of pulse bag filter adopts PLC control device, the control mode is timing and constant resistance, and it is equipped with detection of temperature, pressure, flow, material level and filter bag damage to realize the supervision and control of the system.

The detection system is used for the detection of important control points in each step and the detection of various indicators of the final exhaust gas; the data storage is used for recording and storing the operation data of the entire system; the operation display screen is used to cooperate with the system Animation, real-time viewing of the progress of each step of the process. Further, in the step A, the ammonia supply equipment includes an ammonia water storage tank and an ammonia water flow valve. The ammonia water storage tank is controlled to supply ammonia to the ammonia water spraying device in the incinerator through the ammonia water flow valve.

Further, in the step B, the wall of the dry ice quenching tower is a hollow structure, the hollow layer is filled with dry ice pieces, and the top of the hollow layer is connected to a carbon dioxide collector. The collected carbon dioxide can be recovered and recycled.

Further, in the step D, the slaked lime slurry is stored in the slaked lime bin through the feeder and enters the stirring device to be fully stirred with water, and then enters the rotary sprayer from the slaked lime milk storage tank to the pressure pump, and the flow rate is controlled by the rotary sprayer.

Further, in the step E, the activated carbon is stored in the activated carbon bin, passes through the feeder, the blower, and sprays the powdered activated carbon to the flue gas pipe through the activated carbon nozzle. Powdered activated carbon expands the contact area and utilizes absorption.

Further, in the step F, the film filter material adopts PTFE composite filter material. PTFE composite filter material has the properties of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high filtration precision.

Further, the hollow fiber microporous membrane element in the step G is made of polypropylene material; the absorbing liquid is made of amino acid potassium solution; the temperature of the absorbing liquid is 40°C-50°C.

The hollow fiber microporous membrane element in the step G is made of polypropylene material; the absorption liquid is amino acid potassium solution; the temperature of the absorption liquid is 40°C-50°C. Considering processing cost and process stability, the material of the hollow fiber microporous membrane element is preferably polypropylene, and the absorption liquid is preferably amino acid potassium solution. Since the amino acid potassium solution has the highest absorption rate of carbon dioxide at 40°C-50°C, the reaction temperature in the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank is required to be controlled at 40°C-50°C. Because the heat generated in the reaction process is equivalent to the heat lost, it is required that the temperature of the gas entering the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank and the temperature of the absorbing liquid be maintained at 40°C-50°C.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention desulfurizes and denitrates in the incinerator, uses the heat generated by the combustion of waste-derived fuels, and does not need to consume energy for reheating, and the ammonium salt produced during the desulfurization and denitrification process can be used for ammonia fertilizer production, with high utilization.

(2) The present invention rapidly cools the high-temperature flue gas generated in the incinerator through the dry ice quenching tower, avoids the conditions for the generation of harmful gases such as dioxins, and also reduces the requirements for high-temperature resistance of equipment involved in subsequent steps.

(3) The present invention has a compact structure, avoids secondary pollution during the separation and purification process of flue gas, and optimizes the treatment of substances after flue gas separation.

(4) The process of the present invention is automatically controlled by a computer, which reduces the labor and difficulty of the staff and ensures the stability of the entire system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

Among them: 1—incinerator; 11—ammonia water storage tank; 12—ammonia water spraying device; 2—dry ice quenching tower; 21—carbon dioxide collector; 3—cyclone dust collector; 4—semi-dry deacidification tower; 41—slaked lime warehouse; 42—feeder; 43—stirring device; 44—pressure pump; 45—rotary sprayer; 5—activated carbon injector; 51—activated carbon warehouse; 52—feeder; 53—blower; —bag filter; 7—hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank; 8—secondary heating furnace; 9—induced fan; 10—high chimney.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1:

The present invention is realized through the following steps: A: desulfurization and denitrification; waste-derived fuel enters the incinerator 1 for incineration, the temperature in the incinerator 1 is controlled to be maintained above 850°C, and the temperature at the outlet end of the inner cavity of the incinerator 1 is maintained at 850°C-1050°C, The flue gas stays at the outlet of the inner chamber of the incinerator 1 for more than 2 seconds. At the same time, the top of the outlet of the inner chamber of the incinerator 1 is continuously sprayed with ammonia water and equipped with circular combustion-supporting oxygen through the ammonia water spraying device, and the generated ammonia fertilizer falls to the bottom. conveyor belt;

B anti-dioxin; hot flue gas enters from the upper part of the dry ice quenching tower 2, flows from top to bottom along the tower wall embedded with dry ice, and the flue gas contacts with the sprayed atomized quenching water downstream, due to the cold water and dry ice Rapid gasification, the hot flue gas is cooled to below 200°C within 0.5S;

C removal of heavy metals; the quenched flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector 3 from the bottom of the dry ice quenching tower 2, the flue gas temperature is maintained at 150°C-200°C, the top of the cyclone dust collector 3 is sprayed with a chelating agent solution, and the chelating agent is sprayed under pressure and The heavy metals in the flue gas are fully mixed to form particles, which fall to the particle conveyor belt;

D Semi-dry deacidification; the flue gas enters from the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower 4, and the rotary sprayer at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower 4 sprays slaked lime slurry downwards, and the slaked lime slurry solution and the rising flue gas flow countercurrently, and are mixed with the flue gas The acidic substance reacts to form a dry powder substance, the powder falls to the particle conveyor belt, and the temperature of the flue gas drops below 130°C;

E removal of particulate matter; the flue gas enters the activated carbon injector 5 between the semi-dry deacidification tower 4 and the bag filter 6, and the activated carbon nozzle 54 injects powdered activated carbon into the flue gas pipeline, and the activated carbon particles adsorbing impurities are injected from the activated carbon The lower end of the device 5 falls to the particle conveyor belt;

F absorbs smoke and dust; the flue gas enters from the lower part of the bag filter 6, the temperature is controlled above 60°C, and is filtered through the film filter material in the bag filter 6;

G removes carbon dioxide; the weak acid gas enters the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank 7, the temperature is controlled at 40°C-50°C, the weak acid gas flows between the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements, and the absorption liquid on the surface of the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements Reacts with carbon dioxide to form a weakly linked compound;

H exhaust gas; the flue gas enters the secondary heating furnace 8, is heated to 250°C-350°C, and then is discharged into the atmosphere through the high chimney 10 through the induced draft fan 9.

Example 2:

This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiments. Further, the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process is controlled by a computer automatic control system, and the computer automatic control system also includes a detection system, a data storage and Run the display.

The outlet of the inner cavity of the incinerator 1 is equipped with a temperature detection device and a flue valve. When it is detected that the temperature at the outlet of the inner cavity of the incinerator 1 is lower than 800°C, it is easy to generate toxic gases such as dioxin, which is not conducive to the situation of no catalyst. Therefore, the control system sends a signal to close the flue valve until the temperature reaches the process requirements before opening it.

There is a bypass channel in the middle of the bag filter 6, and valves triggered by control signals are set at both ends of the channel. Once the temperature of the flue gas entering the dust collector is lower than 60°C, a signal is sent by the control system, the valve is switched, and the flue gas passes through Bypass to prolong the service life of the bag filter 6.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention all fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (8)

1. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: A desulfurization and denitrification; waste-derived fuel enters the incinerator (1) for incineration, the temperature in the incinerator (1) is maintained above 850°C, and the temperature at the outlet of the inner cavity of the incinerator (1) is maintained at 850°C-1050°C, and the flue gas The residence time at the outlet end of the inner cavity of the incinerator (1) is more than 2 seconds. At the same time, the top of the inner cavity outlet end of the incinerator (1) is continuously sprayed with ammonia water and equipped with annular combustion-supporting oxygen through the ammonia water spray device (12), and the generated Ammonia fertilizer falls to the conveyor belt at the bottom; B Anti-dioxin; hot flue gas enters from the upper part of the dry ice quenching tower (2), flows from top to bottom along the tower wall embedded with dry ice, and the flue gas contacts with the sprayed atomized quenching water downstream, due to the cold water With the rapid gasification of dry ice, the hot flue gas is cooled to below 200°C within 0.5S; C removal of heavy metals; the quenched flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector (3) from the lower part of the dry ice quenching tower (2), the temperature of the flue gas is maintained at 150°C-200°C, and the top of the cyclone dust collector (3) is sprayed with a chelating agent solution, The chelating agent is sprayed under pressure and fully mixed with the heavy metals in the flue gas to form particles, which fall to the particle conveyor belt; D Semi-dry deacidification; the flue gas enters from the lower part of the semi-dry deacidification tower (4), and the rotary sprayer (45) at the bottom of the semi-dry deacidification tower (4) sprays slaked lime slurry downward, and the slaked lime slurry solution and the rising smoke The gas flows countercurrently and reacts with the acidic substances in the flue gas to form a dry powdery substance. The powder falls to the particle conveyor belt, and the temperature of the flue gas drops below 130°C; E to remove particulate matter; the flue gas enters the activated carbon injector (5) between the semi-dry deacidification tower (4) and the bag filter (6), and the activated carbon nozzle (54) injects powdered activated carbon into the flue gas pipeline, Activated carbon particles that absorb impurities fall from the lower end of the activated carbon injector (5) to the particle conveyor belt; F absorbs smoke and dust; the flue gas enters from the lower part of the bag filter (6), the temperature is controlled above 60°C, and is filtered through the inner membrane filter material of the bag filter (6); G removes carbon dioxide; the weak acid gas enters the hollow fiber microporous membrane filter tank (7), the temperature is controlled at 40°C-50°C, the weak acid gas flows between the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements, and the surface of the hollow fiber microporous membrane elements The absorbing liquid reacts with carbon dioxide to form a weakly linked compound; H exhaust gas; the flue gas enters the secondary heating furnace, is heated to 250°C-350°C, and then is discharged into the atmosphere through the induced draft fan (9) and the high chimney (10). 2. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process flow is controlled by a computer automatic control system, and the computer automatic control The system also includes a detection system, a data storage and a running display. 3. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step A, the ammonia supply equipment includes an ammonia water storage tank (11) and an ammonia water flow valve, and the ammonia water storage The tank (11) supplies ammonia to the ammonia water spraying device (12) in the incinerator (1) through the ammonia water flow valve control. 4. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step B, the wall of the dry ice quenching tower (2) is a hollow structure, and the hollow layer is filled with Dry ice pieces, the top of the hollow layer is connected to the carbon dioxide collector (21). 5. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step D, the slaked lime slurry is stored in the slaked lime bin (41) through the feeder (42) Enter the stirring device (43) and fully stir with water, then enter the rotary sprayer (45) from the milk of slaked lime storage tank and pressure pump (44), and the flow rate is controlled by the rotary sprayer (45). 6. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step E, the activated carbon is stored in the activated carbon bin (51), passes through the feeder (52), The blower (53) sprays powdered activated carbon to the flue gas duct through the activated carbon nozzle (54). 7. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step F, the film filter material is a PTFE composite filter material. 8. A waste-derived fuel incineration flue gas separation and purification process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hollow fiber microporous membrane element in the step G is made of polypropylene material; the absorption liquid is made of potassium amino acid solution ; The temperature of the absorption liquid is 40°C-50°C.