CN104252559B - A kind of Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method - Google Patents
A kind of Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method.This method requirement：1st, finite element model is established, specifically：（1）Physical model is established, i.e., the difference for the physical principle being related to according to loudspeaker different structure and different operating stage adds corresponding physical field and adds solution step；（2）Establish geometrical model；（3）Definition material attribute, change physical field and define boundary condition and load etc.,（4）Mesh generation is carried out to model.During finite element model is established, 1 is defined）The material properties varied with temperature；2）The mode of special boundary condition and load, is got up different physic field couplings with this；2nd, solve and post-process.The model of above-mentioned foundation is solved with FInite Element, and to result post-process the final loudspeaker performance parameter that can obtain under influencing each other between different physical field, including：（1）Bl（x）、Z（f）Deng the electromagnetic property of loudspeaker；（2）f 0、K（x）Deng the structural mechanics characteristic of speaker vibration system；（3）The loudspeaker acoustic characteristic such as SPL, Direction Curve；（4）Temperature field characteristics of loudspeaker etc..
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to loudspeaker field, it is related to the Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method, more particularly to
A kind of loudspeaker magnetic field,
The Numerical Simulation Analysis method of structural mechanics, sound field and temperature field coupling.Loudspeaker is analyzed using this method, finally
The loudspeaker performance parameter under influencing each other between different physical field can be obtained comprehensively, including：1、Bl（x）、Z（f）Deng loudspeaker
Electromagnetic property；2、f 0、K（x）Deng the structural mechanics characteristic of speaker vibration system；3rd, the loudspeaker sound such as SPL, Direction Curve
Learn characteristic；4th, temperature field characteristics of loudspeaker etc..This method can make the simulation analysis result of loudspeaker more comprehensive and accurate, and
It is widely used in coil-moving speaker design.
Background technology
Coupling initially refers to exist between the input and output of two or more circuit elements or electric network close
Coordinate and influence each other, and the phenomenon by interacting from a lateral opposite side transmission energy.Put it briefly, coupling just refers to
Interdepend in other side one of two or more entities measures.This complete electromagnetism-vibro-acoustic for loudspeaker
System, its course of work are related to multiple physical fields, and important characterisitic parameter is also the result that multiple physical field intercouples.
Existing loudspeaker simulating analysis is directed to single physical field more, for example, 1, only considered vibrational system to acoustic pressure
Influence without considering influence of the acoustic pressure to vibrational system；2nd, only considered electromagnetic field fever to temperature profile effect without
Consider influence of the temperature field to other physical fields.But when the vibrating diaphragm of loudspeaker is softer, shadow of the acoustic pressure to vibrational system
Sound often becomes can not ignore, and many material properties all show sensitive characteristic, such as when temperature rise is more apparent, air material category
Property variation with temperature will become to be especially apparent.Such issues that for the above, be difficult true if only considering single physical field
Ground reflect loudspeaker the course of work, naturally also can not accurate evaluation loudspeaker design of Simulation result.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is design a kind of Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method.
The invention solves main problem be：Existing Numerical Simulation Analysis method can not accurate evaluation loudspeaker comprehensively
Design of Simulation result.
A kind of Numerical Simulation Analysis method of the loudspeaker multi- scenarios method referred in the present invention, its particular content are：
（1）Establish finite element model.Specifically include：
1）Establish physical model
A. determine speaker volume dimension, corresponding Spatial Dimension is selected according to the loudspeaker to be analyzed；
B. determine that physical field and physical process physical fields include magnetic field, acoustic power flow, solid heat transfer physical field；Physics mistake
Journey includes electromagnetic action process, structural vibration harmony communication process, diabatic process；The electromagnetism that the magnetic field includes loudspeaker is made
Use process；Acoustic power flow includes the structural vibration harmony communication process of loudspeaker；Solid heat transfer includes loudspeaker diabatic process.
2）Solution model is set, defines the magnetic action process under the solution permanent magnet effect of stable state Solution model；Definition frequency domain-
Disturb electromagnetic action process, the structural vibration harmony communication process under Solution model solution hot-wire coil effect；Stable state is defined to ask
Solution pattern solves steady state heat transfer process；
3）Geometrical model is established, non-axis symmetry loudspeaker needs to establish its 3D full model or department pattern（1/4 model, 1/8
Model）, its model simplification is 2D by axial symmetry loudspeaker；
4）Definition material attribute, definition solves required material parameter, and thermo-sensitive material is defined as what is varied with temperature
Function, as the density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity of air are defined as the function varied with temperature；
5）Change physical model
A. electromagnetic action process occurs in whole geometric areas；
B. the magnetic induction intensity of soft iron part and magnetic field intensity show non-linear, need to be by defining nonlinear HB curves
To determine the magnetic constitutive relation of soft iron part；
C. magnet steel, because containing remanent magnetism inside it, need to add residual magnetic flux density as permanent magnet in magnetic constitutive relation；
D. it is the rectangle plane where voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is equivalent into multiturn coil, and specify the number of turn, the line footpath parameter of multiturn coil；
E. structural vibration process acts on vibrational system, including voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, skeleton, centring disk, cone, ring, dust cap；
F. all linear elasticities of material model of vibrational system are defined, centring disk therein, cone, ring and dust-proof
Cap contains damping；
G. acoustic propagation process acts on ectonexine air；
H. it is " perfect domination set " to define outer air region, for simulating open boundary；
I. solid heat transfer model acts on all areas besides air；
J. fluid heat transferring model is defined, and specifies it to act on air section；
6）Define boundary condition and load
The relation that electromagnetic action is acted on structural vibration is mainly manifested in：
A. permanent magnet provides steady magnetic field for magnetic circuit, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil be activated after in steady magnetic field due to by Lorentz masterpiece
With and move；
B. known by Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, cause its internal production due to changing through the magnetic flux of closure voice coil loudspeaker voice coil
Raw induced electromotive force, causes the excitation of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil to change；
The relation of structural vibration and acoustic propagation is mainly manifested in：
A. the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil moved drives vibrational system, including voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, skeleton, centring disk, cone, dust cap, ring, and week
The air vibration enclosed, its velocity source equivalent to sound wave；
B. air vibration reacts on the surface of vibrational system, equivalent to extra face loading force is applied with, hinders vibration
The vibration of system；
The relation of whole speaker system and diabatic process is shown：
A. the inducing eddy-current in the electric current and magnetic circuit in voice coil loudspeaker voice coil will all produce heat under Joule's law effect, this heat
Loudspeaker will be promoted to heat up；
B. the change of temperature will change the material properties and structural mechanics characteristic of loudspeaker to a certain extent, then change
The characterisitic parameter of loudspeaker；
C. when vibrational system vibration is more apparent, the air-flow quickly moved will promote loudspeaker to cool down, its mechanism phase
When in the forced convertion cooling of gas；
Recognize based on more than, be defined as follows boundary condition and load：
A. body force is applied on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, its numerical value is equal to the position radial direction magnetic induction intensity and circumferential current density size
Product；
B. voltage load is applied on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, the numerical value of the load is equal to the induced electricity that external voltage is produced with voice coil loudspeaker voice coil movement
The algebraical sum of kinetic potential, wherein, direction and the external drive voltage direction of induced electromotive force are on the contrary, its numerical value is equal to unit voice coil loudspeaker voice coil half
The magnetic induction intensity in footpath direction is multiplied by voice coil loudspeaker voice coil speed, then result is integrated along voice coil loudspeaker voice coil direction of winding；
C. finite element model for solving structural vibration displacement is utilized, speed is obtained to displacement derivation, which is applied to vibration
On the border of system and sound field, the driving source of the load as Analysis of The Acoustic Fields.
D. pressure is applied on the boundary of vibrational system harmony propagation regions, its numerical value is the acoustic pressure that Analysis of The Acoustic Fields obtains,
One of the load of the power as structural analysis.
E. it is heat source to specify voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and magnetic circuit, and applies the thermal power of unit volume to it, its numerical value is equal in electromagnetic field
Resistance loss；
F. speed sound being calculated is assigned to participate in the air of convection current cooling procedure；
In addition, also need to be defined as follows boundary condition：
F. fixed constraint is applied in ring and centring disk outer；
G. fixed temperature and NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT value are specified for inner air border；
H. it is acoustic pressure far field boundary to specify the inner air border in front of vibrating diaphragm；
7）Mesh generation
A. it is map grids to define outer air；
B. it is triangular form grid to define remaining area；
C. when frequency is higher, inducing eddy-current is concentrated mainly on conductive surface, it is therefore desirable to conductor（Mainly soft iron
Region）Part surface grid refined；
（2）Solve and post-process
1）Solution solves above-mentioned model with FInite Element, and solution procedure is divided into three steps：
A. solve steady magnetic field and obtain the loudspeaker magnetic field distribution and Magnetic Induction Density Distribution under permanent magnet effect,
Also it is at the same time next solution procedure, i.e., magnetic field, structural mechanics, the coupling analysis of sound field provide necessary parameter；
B. the coupling analysis that disturbed magnetic field, structural mechanics and sound field complete magnetic circuit, vibrational system and sound field is solved, and is obtained
The frequency domain sound pressure signal that is produced to loudspeaker at specified point, the impedance curve of loudspeaker, resistance loss, the vibration speed of specified point
Degree,f 0；
C. solve Steady-State Thermal Field and obtain the temperature field of whole loudspeaker.
2）Post processing partial results include magnetic vector potential A, due to being the dependent variable in physical field, directly calculate and check,
Some another result, which needs to post-process, can just check, including can obtain certain spy to radial direction magnetic induction intensity integration along voice coil loudspeaker voice coil conducting wire
The driving force coefficient B l put is positioned, the position that need to only move voice coil loudspeaker voice coil just obtains characteristic Bl of the driving force coefficient with voice coil position（x）；
The electric current produced with external drive voltage divided by total excitation on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil can obtain impedance operator Z（f）；With the acoustic pressure of specified point
Divided by reference sound pressure, obtained result is taken into denary logarithm multiplied by the sound pressure level that the point has just been obtained with 20（It is such as dust-proof
Immediately ahead of cap at 1m）.
It is an advantage of the invention that：By coupling multiple physical fields, make the simulation analysis result of loudspeaker more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the 3D geometrical models of a 6.5 inches of auto loud hailers.
Fig. 2 is implementation flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the 2D axial symmetry geometrical model and air domain model of a 6.5 inches of auto loud hailers.
Fig. 4 is BH (or HB) value of upper clamp plate and magnetic conductor bowl.
Fig. 5 is the electromagnetic parameter of magnet steel used.
Fig. 6 is the structural parameters of vibrational system.
Fig. 7 is the thermal parameter of loudspeaker critical piece.
Fig. 8 is the arrange parameter in the loudspeaker multiturn coil region.
Fig. 9 is the magnetic flux line of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 10 is the impedance curve of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 11 is the vibration displacement of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 12 is the acoustic pressure distribution of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 13 is sound pressure level-frequency response of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 14 is the Steady-State Thermal Field of the loudspeaker obtained using multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis method.
Figure 15 is loudspeaker multi- scenarios method functional block diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The present invention is with a 6.5 inches of auto loud hailers（Fig. 1）Exemplified by, illustrated by Numerical Simulation Analysis software COMSOL
The method and flow of multi- scenarios method Numerical Simulation Analysis.Fig. 2 is implementation flow chart of the present invention, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Prepare.COMSOL softwares are opened, into software interface.
（2）Establish finite element model.It is as follows in detail：
1）Determine Spatial Dimension.Since loudspeaker described in this example is axial symmetry, therefore can be analyzed in 2D spaces.
2）Add physical field.In COMSOL softwares, " magnetic field ", " acoustic power flow " physical field and " solid are clicked successively
Heat transfer " physical field, wherein, " magnetic field " module contains the fundamental equation of the electromagnetic action process of description loudspeaker；" sound consolidates coupling
Conjunction " module contains the fundamental equation of the structural vibration harmony communication process of loudspeaker；" solid heat transfer " module contains description
The fundamental equation of loudspeaker diabatic process.3）Addition solves step.
A. click " stable state " and solve step, " stable state " Solution model is created in COMSOL softwares；
B. click " frequency domain-disturbance " and solve step, " frequency domain-disturbance " Solution model is created in COMSOL softwares；
C. click " stable state " and solve step, second " stable state " Solution model is created in COMSOL softwares；
4）Establish geometrical model.Import it is simplified after loudspeaker and air-shed 2D axial symmetry geometrical models, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, complete geometrical model includes：1 --- magnetic conductor bowl, 2 --- magnet steel, 3 --- upper clamp plate, 4 --- voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, 5 --- skeleton,
6 --- dust cap, 7 --- centring disk, 8 --- cone, 9 --- ring, 10 --- inner air, 11 --- outer air,
Wherein, 1 ~ 3 magnetic circuit system is constituted, 4 ~ 9 constitute vibrational system, and 10 ~ 11 constitute sound field reflecting region.
5）Definition material attribute.For the loudspeaker of this example, the material of upper clamp plate and magnetic conductor bowl is soft iron, it is necessary to defeated manually
Enter its BH value, as shown in Figure 4；The magnetic characteristic of magnetic steel material is individually defined according to the corresponding model of magnet steel, and parameter used in this example is such as
Fig. 5；The material of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is copper, defines the structural mechanics material parameter of each component of vibrational system, as shown in Figure 6；Define temperature field
The material parameter of analysis, as shown in fig. 7, especially, with respect to other materials, the density rho of air, specific heat capacity Cp, thermal conductivity k etc.
The equal variation with temperature of material parameter has more obvious change, these parameters quartic polynomial of temperature variable T is expressed
It is as follows：
rho=1047.63657-0.372589265T1+9.45304214E-4T2-6.02409443E-7T3+
1.2858961E-10T4, Cp=1047.63657-0.372589265T1+9.45304214E-4T2-6.02409443E-7T3+
1.2858961E-10T4, k=- 0.00227583562+1.15480022E-4T1-7.90252856E-8T2+4.11702505E-
11T3-7.43864331E-15T4。
6）Defined parameters and variable.The residual magnetic flux density B0 for setting magnet steel is 1.29T, and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil number of turn CoilN is 53 circles,
The maximum amplitude U of external drive voltage0For 1.2V.
7）Modification physical field, 2）The physical field of middle addition is all the default setting used, for the particular problem in this example,
The solving result consistent with actual physics process is, it is necessary to make physical field following modification in order to obtain.
A. the constitutive relation for specifying upper clamp plate and magnetic conductor bowl is HB curves；
B. the magnetic constitutive relation for specifying magnet steel is residual magnetic flux density；
C. face where defining voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is multiturn coil region, and design parameter input is as shown in Figure 8；
D. it is perfect domination set to specify outer air；
E. acoustic power flow physical field is specified to act on vibrational system（It is voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, skeleton, centring disk, cone, ring, dust-proof
Cap）And air section；
F. linear elastic materials model is specified to act on vibrational system；
G. damper model is specified to act on centring disk, cone, ring and dust cap in vibrational system；
H. specified solid heat transfer acts on region besides air；
I. fluid heat transferring child node is increased in solid heat transfer node, and given fluid heat transfer effect is in air section.
8）Define boundary condition and load.
A. the body force that size is-mf.Br*mf.Jphi is applied on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, wherein-mf.Br is that radial direction magnetic induction is strong
Degree, mf.Jphi is circumferential current density；
B. it is linper (U to apply size on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil0)+coil_av(acsl.u_tZ*mf.Br*2*pi*r)*CoilN
Voltage, wherein U0For the maximum amplitude of external drive voltage, coil_av (acsl.u_tZ*mf.Br*2*pi*r) * CoilN are
Inverse electromotive force, coil_av are average computation symbol, and acsl.u_tZ is the speed along the Z direction being calculated in sound field
, r is the mean radius of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil position, and CoilN is the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil number of turn；
C. the shared border for specifying vibrational system and air is acoustic power flow border, the normal acceleration phase on default boundary
Together.
D. the heat amount that size is mf.Qrh is applied in voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and magnetic circuit, wherein mf.Qrh is the resistance damage in electromagnetic field
Consumption；
E. expression formula " acsl.u_tZ " is write in the speed term in fluid heat transferring region.
F. fixed constraint is applied in ring and centring disk outer；
G. it is that to specify fixed temperature be 20 DEG C on inner air border, coefficient of heat transfer value is 15W/m2；
H. it is acoustic pressure far field boundary to specify the inner air border in front of vibrating diaphragm, and selects full integral algorithm；
9）Mesh generation.
A. the trellis-type of outer air layer is arranged to map unit；
B. the trellis-type of remaining area is arranged to free triangular unit, unit size is all set to Extra fine；
C. it is set to 0.2mm to upper clamp plate and magnetic conductor bowl addition boundary layer, the number of plies 3, the first layer thickness.
（3）Solve and post-process.
1）Solve.The finite element model of above-mentioned foundation is solved with FInite Element, solution procedure is real using COMSOL
It is existing,
" solution " is clicked, then software automatic sequence solves following physical process：
A. magnetic field.
（1）
In above formula,For magnetic intensity vector；For current density vectors；For magnetic flux density vector；For vector potential.
It is right（1）Formula is solved using FInite Element, is aided with specific boundary condition and primary condition, can obtain permanent magnet
The characterisitic parameter in magnetic circuit under effect, such as magnetic field intensity, magnetic induction intensity, magnetic conductivity distribution, for asking for other physical fields
Solution provides necessary primary condition；
B. magnetic field harmony Gu Ouhewulichang.
（2）
（3）
In above formula,wFor circular frequency,For electrical conductivity,For dielectric constant in vacuum,For relative dielectric constant,For stream
Volume density,For fluid sound speed,WithRespectively monopole source item and dipole source item,For total acoustic pressure,For background sound
Pressure,For wave number,For the density of solid area,For displacement vector,The simple harmonic quantity power being subject to for unit volume.
Frequency domain-disturbance solves the harmonic responding analysis that step can be understood as including biasing, right（2）~（3）Formula uses FInite Element
Solved, be aided with specific boundary condition and primary condition, when with its solve magnetic field when, can obtain voice coil loudspeaker voice coil inductance,
The characterisitic parameters such as impedance, vortex flow, electromagnetic consumable, when being used for solving acoustic power flow physical field with it, can obtain specified point
Vibration displacement, speed, the characterisitic parameter such as acoustic pressure.
C. Steady-State Thermal Field.
（4）
In above formula,For density of material,For the specific heat capacity of material,The simple harmonic quantity speed being calculated for sound field under frequency domain,T
For temperature,kFor thermal conductivity, mf.QrhThe resistance loss solved for magnetic field under frequency domain.
It is right（4）Formula is solved using FInite Element, is aided with specific boundary condition and primary condition, be can obtain resistance
Loss acts on the temperature field under the influence of lower and fluid-flow rate etc..
2）Post processing.Realize and post-process in COMSOL, be below detailed step.
A. magnetic induction line.Right click X-Y scheme option in the result, generates two-dimentional node of graph, right click X-Y scheme section in structure tree
Point, selects exterior view option, and " Bphi*r " is inputted in expression formula column, wherein, Bphi represents the magnetic flux density along plane normal direction,
R is the size of radial direction.In this way, obtain the magnetic induction intensity of circumferencial direction on different radii, i.e., usually said magnetic induction line,
As a result such as attached drawing 9.
B. impedance curve.The one-dimensional figure option of right click in the result, generates one-dimensional node of graph, the one-dimensional node of graph of right click, selection
" overall situation ", inputs " abs (U in global variable expression formula column0/ mf.ICoil_1) ", wherein, abs means " taking absolute value ", U0
I is the driving voltage of coil, and mf. ICoil_1 are the electric current of flowing through coil.Obtained impedance curve result such as attached drawing 10.
C. displacement cloud atlas.Right click graphics option in the result, generates three-dimensional node of graph, right click three-dimensional node of graph, selection
Exterior view option, " acsl.disp " is inputted in expression formula column, wherein, acsl.disp means the displacement under sound field, obtains
Displacement cloud atlas result such as attached drawing 11.
D. acoustic pressure cloud charts.Right click graphics option in the result, the three-dimensional node of graph of generation, right click three-dimensional node of graph,
Exterior view option is selected, " acsl.p_t " is inputted in expression formula column, wherein, acsl.p_t means the pressure under sound field.In this way,
Acoustic pressure cloud charts result such as attached drawing 12 in obtained space.
E. sound pressure level-frequency curve of specified point.The one-dimensional figure option of right click in the result, generates one-dimensional node of graph, right click
One-dimensional node of graph, selects " overall situation ", and " 10*log10 (0.5*pfar (0,1) * conj are inputted in global variable expression formula column
(pfar (0,1))/acsl.pref_SPL^2) ", wherein, acsl.pref_SPL is reference sound pressure level, and pfar accords with for far field sound pressure
Number, conj is to ask for being conjugated.In this way, obtain immediately ahead of speaker dust cap central point at 1m（0,1）Sound pressure level-frequency it is bent
Line, as a result such as attached drawing 13.
F. Steady-State Thermal Field cloud charts.Right click graphics option in the result, generates three-dimensional node of graph, right click graphics
Node, selects exterior view option, and " T " is inputted in expression formula column, wherein, T represents temperature.In this way, the stable state in space can be obtained
Thermo parameters method cloud atlas, as a result such as attached drawing 14.
The loudspeaker that simulation analysis of the present invention are selected can include various moving oil electric loudspeakers.The present invention's
Numerical Simulation Analysis method considers influencing each other between different physical field when analyzing.
Finally it should be noted that：Above case study on implementation not limits this hair only to illustrate the process of realizing of the present invention
Bright described technical solution.Therefore, although this specification is described in detail the present invention with reference to above-mentioned each step,
But it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, still it can modify to the present invention or equivalent substitution, and all are not
Depart from technical solution and its improvement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, should all cover in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. Numerical Simulation Analysis method of loudspeaker multi- scenarios method, it is characterised in that this method includes at least following steps：（1）Finite element model is established, is specifically included：1）Establish physical modelA. determine speaker volume dimension, corresponding Spatial Dimension is selected according to the loudspeaker to be analyzed；B. physical field and physical process are determined, physical field includes magnetic field, acoustic power flow, solid heat transfer physical field；Physical process bag Include electromagnetic action process, structural vibration harmony communication process, diabatic process；Magnetic field includes the electromagnetic action process of loudspeaker；Sound Gu coupling includes the structural vibration harmony communication process of loudspeaker；Solid heat transfer includes loudspeaker diabatic process；2）Solution model is set, defines the magnetic action process under the solution permanent magnet effect of stable state Solution model；Define frequency domain-disturbance Solution model solves electromagnetic action process, structural vibration harmony communication process under hot-wire coil effect；Define stable state and solve mould Formula solves steady state heat transfer process；3）Geometrical model is established, non-axis symmetry loudspeaker needs to establish its 3D full model or department pattern, and axial symmetry loudspeaker will Its model simplification is 2D, wherein, department pattern is 1/4 model or 1/8 model；4）Definition material attribute, definition solve required material parameter, and the function that thermo-sensitive material is defined as varying with temperature, The density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity of air are defined as the function varied with temperature；5）Change physical modelA. electromagnetic action process occurs in whole geometric areas；B. the magnetic induction intensity of soft iron part and magnetic field intensity show non-linear, need to be by defining nonlinear HB curves come really Determine the magnetic constitutive relation of soft iron part；C. magnet steel, because containing remanent magnetism inside it, need to add residual magnetic flux density as permanent magnet in magnetic constitutive relation；D. it is the rectangle plane where voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is equivalent into multiturn coil, and specify the number of turn, the line footpath parameter of multiturn coil；E. structural vibration process acts on vibrational system, including voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, skeleton, centring disk, cone, ring, dust cap；F. all linear elasticities of material model of vibrational system are defined, centring disk, cone, ring and dust cap therein contain There is damping；G. acoustic propagation process acts on ectonexine air；H. it is " perfect domination set " to define outer air region, for simulating open boundary；I. solid heat transfer model acts on all areas besides air；J. fluid heat transferring model is defined, and specifies it to act on air section；6）Define boundary condition and loadThe relation that electromagnetic action is acted on structural vibration is mainly manifested in：A. permanent magnet provides steady magnetic field for magnetic circuit, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil be activated after in steady magnetic field due to by Lorentz force effect and Move；B. known by Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, cause its internal produces to be felt due to changing through the magnetic flux of closure voice coil loudspeaker voice coil Electromotive force is answered, causes the excitation of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil to change；The relation of structural vibration and acoustic propagation is mainly manifested in：A. the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil drive vibrational system moved, including voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, skeleton, centring disk, cone, dust cap, ring, and surrounding Air vibration, its velocity source equivalent to sound wave；B. air vibration reacts on the surface of vibrational system, equivalent to extra face loading force is applied with, hinders vibrational system Vibration；The relation of whole speaker system and diabatic process is shown：A. the inducing eddy-current in the electric current and magnetic circuit in voice coil loudspeaker voice coil will all produce heat under Joule's law effect, this heat will promote Loudspeaker is set to heat up；B. the change of temperature will change the material properties and structural mechanics characteristic of loudspeaker to a certain extent, then changes and raises one's voice The characterisitic parameter of device；C. when vibrational system vibration it is more apparent when, the air-flow quickly moved will promote loudspeaker to cool down, its mechanism equivalent to The forced convertion cooling of gas；Recognize based on more than, be defined as follows boundary condition and load：A. body force is applied on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, its numerical value is equal to voice coil position radial direction magnetic induction intensity and circumferential current density size Product；B. voltage load is applied on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, the numerical value of the load is equal to the induced electromotive force that external voltage is produced with voice coil loudspeaker voice coil movement Algebraical sum, wherein, the direction of induced electromotive force is with external drive voltage direction on the contrary, its numerical value is equal to unit voice coil loudspeaker voice coil radius side To magnetic induction intensity be multiplied by voice coil loudspeaker voice coil speed, then result is integrated along voice coil loudspeaker voice coil direction of winding；C. finite element model for solving structural vibration displacement is utilized, speed is obtained to displacement derivation, which is applied to vibrational system On the border of sound field, driving source of the load as Analysis of The Acoustic Fields；D. pressure is applied on the boundary of vibrational system harmony propagation regions, the acoustic pressure that its numerical value obtains for Analysis of The Acoustic Fields, the power One of load as structural analysis；E. it is heat source to specify voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and magnetic circuit, and applies the thermal power of unit volume to it, its numerical value is equal to the electricity in electromagnetic field Resistance loss；F. speed sound being calculated is assigned to participate in the air of convection current cooling procedure；In addition, also need to be defined as follows boundary condition：F. fixed constraint is applied in ring and centring disk outer；G. fixed temperature and NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT value are specified for inner air border；H. it is acoustic pressure far field boundary to specify the inner air border in front of vibrating diaphragm；7）Mesh generationA. it is map grids to define outer air；B. it is triangular form grid to define remaining area；C. when frequency is higher, inducing eddy-current is concentrated mainly on conductive surface, it is therefore desirable to mainly to the soft iron region of conductor Part surface grid refined；（2）Solve and post-process1）Solution solves above-mentioned model with FInite Element, and solution procedure is divided into three steps：A. solve steady magnetic field and obtain the loudspeaker magnetic field distribution and Magnetic Induction Density Distribution under permanent magnet effect, at the same time Also it is next solution procedure, i.e., magnetic field, structural mechanics, the coupling analysis of sound field provide necessary parameter；B. disturbed magnetic field, structural mechanics and sound field are solved and completes the coupling analysis of magnetic circuit, vibrational system and sound field, and is raised Frequency domain sound pressure signal that sound device produces at specified point, the impedance curve of loudspeaker, resistance loss, specified point vibration velocity,f 0；C. solve Steady-State Thermal Field and obtain the temperature field of whole loudspeaker；Post processing partial results include magnetic vector potential A, due to being the dependent variable in physical field, directly calculate and check, separately there is one Partial results, which need to post-process, can just check, including can obtain certain specific location to radial direction magnetic induction intensity integration along voice coil loudspeaker voice coil conducting wire Driving force coefficient B l, only need to move the position of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and just obtain characteristic Bl of the driving force coefficient with voice coil position（x）；With outside The electric current that driving voltage divided by total excitation produce on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil can obtain impedance operator Z（f）；With the acoustic pressure divided by ginseng of specified point Acoustic pressure is examined, obtained result is taken into denary logarithm multiplied by the sound pressure level that the point has just been obtained with 20.
- 2. the Numerical Simulation Analysis method of the loudspeaker multi- scenarios method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that simulation analysis Loudspeaker includes various moving oil electric loudspeakers.
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