CN104242333A - Self-excited starting method for modular multilevel inverter flexible direct current transmission system - Google Patents
Self-excited starting method for modular multilevel inverter flexible direct current transmission system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-excited starting method for a modular multilevel inverter flexible direct current transmission system. The method includes the following steps that (1) a direct current isolation switch is closed; (2) a circuit breaker on a second convertor station alternating current system side is closed; (3) current-limiting resistance bypass switches of a first convertor station and a second convertor station are closed; (4) the direct current voltage controller initial reference value of the first convertor station is set to be the direct current voltage value at the current time, the reactive power reference value is zero, the first convertor station is unlocked; (5) the inverter direct current voltage reference value of the first converter station is set; (6) when the alternative current side current and the direct current voltage of the first converter station are close to stability, the second converter station is unlocked; (7) the constant direct current voltage control reference value of the first convertor station is set to be the rated value; (8) the constant active power of the second converter station and the constant reactive power control reference values of the first converter station and the second converter station are set to be the system required values. The method has the advantages of reducing the impact current generated in the charging process of an alternating current system and a direct current system and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Power System Flexible HVDC Transmission Technology, particularly a kind of self-excitation starting method of modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system.
Background technology
Modularization multi-level converter (Modular Multilevel Converter, be called for short: MMC) as a kind of novel voltage source inverter, MMC adopts strict modularized design, its core cell-submodule (Sub Module, SM), by two IGBT with an anti-paralleled diode and half-bridge structure that direct current capacitor is formed, topological structure as shown in Figure 1, converter is made up of three facies units (Phase Unite), each facies unit comprises laterally zygomorphic change of current brachium pontis (Converter Leg), and each change of current brachium pontis is in series by N (N is the total number of modules of brachium pontis) individual submodule and a brachium pontis reactor.
Before current conversion station puts into operation, precharge need be carried out to its submodule electric capacity, and ensure that its DC voltage reaches rated value.Need ensure during converter normal release that the Equivalent DC voltage phase difference that in the current conversion station facies unit of both sides, the superposition of conducting submodule produces is less, avoid causing larger direct current impulse current.On the other hand, during unblock current conversion station exchange outlet inverter voltage and system valve top-cross stream voltage phase difference larger time the super-high-current of AC system also can be caused to impact, switching device may be made when serious to damage.Therefore be necessary to adopt suitable strategy to prevent the generation of impulse current.
In order to complete the normal starting of modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system, ensure steady, the quick charge of converter each submodule electric capacity, ordinary priority takes the mode of charging of encouraging oneself." the three-phase modular multilevel inverter starting method without the need to auxiliary DC power supply " (application publication number: CN101795057A) of the people such as Xu Zheng, Tu Qingrui, propose a kind of when without the need to auxiliary DC power supply, the self-excitation charging method (method one) of three-phase modular multilevel inverter, the method utilizes AC system line voltage as charge power supply, is controlled the charging and discharging state of each brachium pontis submodule by the flow direction detecting bridge arm current.Detailed process is: by current-limiting resistance, alternating voltage is caused converter, blocks the trigger impulse of all submodule IGBT, detects the electric current of each brachium pontis, and when this electric current charges to brachium pontis, IGBT on conducting submodule to be charged, makes it drop into, and this submodule charges; When this electric current discharges to brachium pontis, turn off the upper and lower IGBT of this submodule, make its locking, this submodule electric capacity is bypassed.So repeatedly, when submodule capacitor voltage reaches specified, IGBT under this submodule of conducting, make it excise, then next submodule is charged, repeat above-mentioned steps, until all submodule capacitor voltage of brachium pontis all reaches near rated value, converter completes charging.
Publication number is the Chinese patent disclosed " a kind of starting method of modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system " of CN102170140A, propose a kind of MMC starting under no load method (method two) for flexible DC power transmission, first by current-limiting resistance, uncontrollable rectifier charging is carried out to electric capacity, after capacitance voltage is stable, bypass current-limiting resistance, unlock current conversion station, system directly drops into capacitance voltage closed-loop control.Detailed process is divided into three phases: the first stage, first all module trigger impulses of locking, open current-limiting resistance by-pass switch, uncontrollable rectifier charging is carried out to two current conversion station MMC submodule electric capacity, after capacitance voltage is stable, enter second stage, unlock current conversion station MMC2, and make it enter to determine alternating voltage closed-loop control, after current conversion station MMC2 submodule capacitor voltage is stable, enter the phase III, closed current-limiting resistance by-pass switch, unlock current conversion station MMC1, and make it enter to determine direct voltage closed-loop control, after two current conversion station submodule capacitor voltage are stable, charging terminates.
The shortcoming of said method one is: thisly utilize the self-excitation of AC system to charge, need the control program being designed for converter charging especially, add the complexity of Controller gain variations, and the method is only for the charging modes of converter, and the charging process of DC line and system miscellaneous equipment fails to relate to.The shortcoming that said method two exists is: when unlocking current conversion station MMC2, each brachium pontis submodule capacitor voltage is 1/2N times that exchanges voltage on valve side peak value, because self-energizing mode generally taked by submodule controller, probably not yet reach its minimum operating voltage during unblock, cause submodule to realize controlling run; Exchange current-limiting resistance when unlocking current conversion station MMC2 and still seal in circuit, can reduce the overcurrent of current conversion station MMC1, but the direct voltage unlocking instantaneous current conversion station MMC2 falls the half before for unblock, current conversion station MMC2 converter there will be of short duration impulse current; And the method be applicable to current conversion station one end must passive No Load Start when, and during general current conversion station normal starting, both sides current conversion station can be connected to simultaneously exchange local power activation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art and deficiency, a kind of self-excitation starting method of modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system is provided, this self-excitation starting method efficiently solves before flexible direct current power transmission system is normally run, make submodule electric capacity and DC line charging reach rated value, and suppress the problem of the impulse current produced in charging process by formulating suitable control strategy.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of self-excitation starting method of modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system, based on modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system, the AC three-phase of described modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system two ends current conversion station respectively seals in the current-limiting resistance of certain resistance, and each current-limiting resistance two ends are all parallel with a by-pass switch; This modularization multi-level converter is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis, each brachium pontis is in series by the submodule that reactor is identical with some structures, each submodule is a half-bridge structure, and described submodule comprises two IGBT and corresponding fly-wheel diode and DC bus capacitor device; During starting, the AC of two ends current conversion station all causes local AC network through connection transformer, and described starting method comprises the steps:
(1) setting the first current conversion station is constant DC voltage control, determines Reactive Power Control; Setting the second current conversion station as determining active power controller, determining Reactive Power Control;
(2) disconnect the first current conversion station, the second current conversion station AC system side circuit breaker, the by-pass switch of parting system both sides current-limiting resistance, closed direct-current isolating switch, blocks the trigger impulse of the two all submodule IGBT in station;
(3) closed first current conversion station AC system side circuit breaker;
(4) the first current conversion station submodule capacitor voltage is monitored, after the first current conversion station submodule capacitor voltage tends towards stability, closed second current conversion station AC system side circuit breaker;
(5) the second current conversion station AC phase current and submodule capacitor voltage thereof is monitored, when electric current, voltage tend towards stability, the current-limiting resistance by-pass switch of closed first current conversion station and the second current conversion station;
(6) setting the first current conversion station DC voltage controller initial reference value is current time DC voltage value, and reactive power reference qref is zero, and unlocks the first current conversion station converter;
(7) monitor the first current conversion station ac-side current and two station submodule capacitor voltage, after electric current, voltage tend towards stability, setting the first current conversion station converter direct voltage command value is 2U
sm(the system valve side ac phase voltage peak value of twice), and add slop control;
(8) monitor the first current conversion station ac-side current, two station submodule capacitor voltage and direct voltages, after electric current, voltage tend towards stability, unlock the second current conversion station, determine active power and determine reactive power controller initial reference value to be given as zero;
(9) monitor the second current conversion station ac-side current and two station submodule capacitor voltage, after electric current, voltage tend towards stability, the first current conversion station constant DC voltage control device reference value is given as rated value;
(10) monitor two station submodule capacitor voltage and direct voltages, after reaching control overflow, set second change of current and to stand firm active power and to determine Reactive Power Control command value be system requirements value, and add slop control;
Starting method provided by the invention, its improvements are, step (4) tends towards stability and refers to U
c2be approximately the 1/2N of system valve side line voltage peak doubly, step (5) tends towards stability and refers to U
c2be approximately the 1/N of system valve side line voltage peak doubly, now the submodule controller of the second current conversion station has reached minimum operating voltage.
Starting method provided by the invention, its improvements are, when described step (6) carries out converter deblocking, DC voltage controller command value is for unlocking moment direct voltage actual value; Take suitably to increase the method dropping into total number of modules (n+num) during unblock to make to produce less rush of current during unblock, be then reduced to n gradually, current conversion station normal table is run.
As starting method provided by the invention, its improvements are, after the first current conversion station unlocks, lifting direct voltage carries out in two steps, is first raised to 2U
sm(the system valve side ac phase voltage peak value of twice), can make when then unlocking the second current conversion station to produce less direct current and alternating current impact during unblock, after stable, then lifting direct voltage, to rated value, makes current conversion station normal steady state run.
Operation principle of the present invention: self-excitation starting method of the present invention is in starting process, two ends current conversion station all causes local AC network through connection transformer, first its method carries out electric current not controlled charging to converter, then unlock current conversion station, entering current/voltage closed-loop control makes submodule capacitor voltage and DC line be charged to rated value, and unlocks by formulating suitable current conversion station the impulse current that control strategy efficiently reduces AC and DC system generation in charging process.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
1, the impulse current that when the present invention restrained effectively unblock the first current conversion station, system produces.
2, the invention solves when the second current conversion station unlocks that its submodule controller power supply cannot the problem of normal operation input.
3, the impulse current that when the present invention restrained effectively unblock the second current conversion station, system produces.
4, the invention solves the problem of DC line charging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the main circuit topological structure schematic diagram of three-phase modular multilevel inverter.
Fig. 1 b is the half-bridge sub modular structure schematic diagram of three-phase modular multilevel inverter.
Fig. 2 is two ends modular multilevel formula flexible direct current power transmission system structural representations.
Fig. 3 is starting method operational flowchart provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1a, be the Basic Topological figure of three-phase modular multilevel inverter of the present invention, its by three-phase totally six change of current brachium pontis form, each brachium pontis is in series by a reactor L and N number of submodule.All submodule internal structures are identical, all adopt semibridge system structure, by having the IGBT (VT1, VT2) of self-switching-off capability and forming with IGBT antiparallel fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2 and a DC capacitor C.Regulation bridge arm current i
xyzreference direction as shown in Figure 1 b, wherein, x=p, n respectively corresponding upper and lower brachium pontis, a, b, c three-phase of y=a, b, c corresponding AC system respectively, z=1,2 corresponding first current conversion station, the second current conversion stations respectively.U
cjfor submodule capacitor voltage, wherein, j=1,2 corresponding first current conversion station and the second current conversion station respectively.As bridge arm current i
xyzduring >0, submodule electric capacity possesses the current condition of charging.
As shown in Figure 2, it is a two ends modular multilevel type flexible direct current power transmission system, current conversion station MMC1 (that is: the first current conversion station) and current conversion station MMC2 (that is: the second current conversion station) all adopts modular multilevel type converter, two station AC three-phases respectively seal in the current-limiting resistance R of certain resistance, and each current-limiting resistance two ends are all parallel with a by-pass switch S
r, in the current conversion station DC side both positive and negative polarity circuit of two ends, all seal in direct-current isolating switch S
k.
As shown in Figure 3, for of the present invention about the self-excitation starting process operating process of flexible direct current power transmission system, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) set current conversion station MMC1 to be constant DC voltage control and to determine Reactive Power Control, reactive power command value is zero.Set current conversion station MMC2 as determining active power controller and determining Reactive Power Control, initial active power and reactive power command value are zero;
(2) current conversion station MMC1, current conversion station MMC2 AC system side circuit breaker S is disconnected
1, S
2, disconnect the by-pass switch S of current-limiting resistance
r1, S
r2, closed two station direct-current isolating switch S
k1, S
k2, block the trigger impulse of two all submodule VT1 and VT2 in station, for the starting charging of converter is prepared;
(3) the circuit breaker S of closed current conversion station MMC1 AC system side
1, the brachium pontis facies unit of AC system valve side line voltage, current conversion station MMC1 converter bridge arm, DC line and current conversion station MMC2 forms charge circuit.As each bridge arm current i of current conversion station MMC1
xyzduring >0, electric current charges to capacitor C through anti-paralleled diode VD1, and synchronization often only has the N number of submodule charging of single brachium pontis mutually; As current conversion station MMC1 bridge arm current i
xyzduring <0, electric current flows out through anti-paralleled diode VD2, and capacitor is bypassed, and its voltage remains unchanged.The upper and lower brachium pontis charging current i of current conversion station MMC2
xyzequal and opposite in direction, direction is identical, and works as i
xyzduring >0, brachium pontis facies unit is 2N submodule charging altogether, works as i
xyzduring <0, facies unit submodule capacitor voltage remains unchanged;
(4) each station submodule capacitor voltage is monitored, after the submodule capacitor voltage of current conversion station MMC1 tends towards stability, the AC circuit breaker S of closed current conversion station MMC2 side
2, uncontrollable rectifier charging is carried out to the submodule of current conversion station MMC2.When phase current tends towards stability, U
c1with U
c2after being approximately 1/N times of valve side line voltage peak, closes bypass switch S
r1, S
r2, exit current-limiting resistance;
(5) after the submodule capacitor voltage of current conversion station MMC2 tends towards stability, unlock current conversion station MMC1, constant DC voltage control initial reference value is current time DC voltage value, concrete operations are: n'=n+num is individual (if the level number of the output voltage of converter is n+1 altogether first to choose each phase brachium pontis, respectively dropping into submodule number mutually during normal operation is n, general n≤N) submodule input, make upper IGBT (VT1) conducting of this n' submodule, IGBT (VT2) conducting under all the other 2N-n' submodule, and then n' → n is reduced gradually, now current conversion station MMC1 interchange outlet inversion exports phase voltage amplitude and is increased, more and more close to system valve side phase voltage value, alternating current when efficiently reducing unblock impacts.Meanwhile, in order to keep each brachium pontis submodule capacitor voltage balanced, in unit control cycle, choose upper IGBT (VT1) conducting of low voltage submodule, lower IGBT (VT2) turns off; The upper IGBT (VT1) of the higher submodule of voltage turns off, the conducting of lower IGBT (VT2);
(6) monitor current conversion station MMC1 AC phase current and each submodule capacitor voltage in two stations, after stable, setting direct voltage reference value is 2U
sm(U
smfor system valve side phase voltage peak value), and according to the slow lifting of certain slope, charging current is limited, period current conversion station MMC1 and current conversion station MMC2 submodule capacitor voltage keep relative consistent, and stable rising;
(7) two station submodule capacitor voltage and direct voltages are monitored, when direct voltage reaches 2U
smtime, unlock current conversion station MMC2 (concrete operations refer to step (5), wherein n'=n), active power and reactive power command value are zero;
(8) after current conversion station MMC2 side alternating current and submodule capacitor voltage are stablized, given current conversion station MMC1 constant DC voltage control device command value is rated value;
(9) after direct voltage rises to rated value by slope, the power command value at given two stations, start determining active power and determining reactive power pattern when normally running, so far, the starting process of whole flexible direct current power transmission system terminates.
According to designed Starting mode operating process, the current conversion station MMC1 obtained and the submodule capacitor voltage waveform of current conversion station MMC2, wherein U
c1, U
c2be respectively the submodule capacitor voltage of current conversion station MMC1 and current conversion station MMC2.According to designed operating process, each stage submodule capacitor voltage is relatively stable, and finally reaches rated value.
The realization of step (5) control procedure, the control program of valve level key-course when converter can be utilized normally to run, without the need to other design; Impulse current when unlocking to suppress step (5) current conversion station MMC1, the present invention suitably improves DC voltage control strategy and modulation algorithm, namely with direct voltage actual value for direct voltage initial reference value, make it be unlikely to because direct voltage reference value change is too fast, and produce larger impulse current; On the other hand, unlocking the alternating voltage causing converter to exchange outlet inversion output due to the deficiency of converter submodule capacitor voltage instantaneously causes more greatly excessive exchanging to impact with valve top-cross stream voltage phase difference, present invention improves over modulation algorithm, increase at the unblock initial stage and often drop into number of modules mutually, comparatively large ensure that converter outlet output voltage amplitude as much as possible, reduce impulse current during converter deblocking.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably execution mode; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the self-excitation starting method of a modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system, based on modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system, the AC three-phase of described modularization multi-level converter flexible direct current power transmission system two ends current conversion station respectively seals in the current-limiting resistance of certain resistance, and each current-limiting resistance two ends are all parallel with a by-pass switch; This modularization multi-level converter is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis, each brachium pontis is in series by the submodule that reactor is identical with some structures, each submodule is a half-bridge structure, and described submodule comprises two IGBT and corresponding fly-wheel diode and DC bus capacitor device; During starting, the AC of two ends current conversion station all causes local AC network through connection transformer, it is characterized in that, described self-excitation starting method comprises the steps:
(1) to set the first current conversion station be constant DC voltage control and determine Reactive Power Control, set the second current conversion station as determining active power controller and determining Reactive Power Control, closed direct-current isolating switch, the by-pass switch of parting system both sides AC circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance;
(2) the AC system side circuit breaker of closed first current conversion station, after the submodule capacitor voltage of the first current conversion station tends towards stability, the AC system side circuit breaker of closed second current conversion station;
(3) after the submodule capacitor voltage of the second current conversion station tends towards stability, the current-limiting resistance by-pass switch of closed first current conversion station and the second current conversion station;
(4) setting the first current conversion station DC voltage controller initial reference value is current time DC voltage value, and reactive power reference qref is zero, and unlocks the first current conversion station;
(5) after the ac-side current of the first current conversion station tends towards stability, the direct voltage reference value setting the first current conversion station is 2U
sm, that is: the twice of system valve side ac phase voltage peak value, and add slop control;
(6) after the ac-side current of the first current conversion station and direct voltage tend towards stability, unlock the second current conversion station, it is determined active power and determines reactive power controller initial reference value is zero;
(7) after the ac-side current of the second current conversion station tends towards stability, the constant DC voltage control reference value of the first current conversion station is set as rated value;
(8) after two station submodule capacitor voltage and direct voltage all reach control overflow and rated value, the Reactive Power Control reference value of determining of determining active power, the first current conversion station and the second current conversion station setting the second current conversion station is system requirements value, and adds slop control.
2. to encourage oneself as claimed in claim 1 starting method, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described in tend towards stability and refer to U
c1and U
c2be approximately the 1/N of system valve side line voltage peak doubly, the voltage that now two ends current conversion station submodule controller power supply is taken from all reaches more than minimum operating voltage, and the first current conversion station and the second current conversion station all unlock.
3. to encourage oneself as claimed in claim 1 starting method, it is characterized in that, when described step (4) carries out converter deblocking, take suitably to increase at the unblock initial stage and drop into total number of modules n+num, wherein, the span of num is: 0<num<N-n, makes to produce less alternating current during unblock and impacts, then be reduced to n gradually, make the submodule of the first current conversion station enter specified input state.
4. to encourage oneself as claimed in claim 1 starting method, it is characterized in that, in step (4), lifting direct voltage after described first current conversion station unlocks, the method for lifting direct voltage comprises the following steps:
Step 41, lifting direct voltage are to 2U
sm, that is: the twice of system valve side ac phase voltage peak value;
Step 42, when unlocking the second current conversion station, first make to produce during unblock and impact lower than the direct current of rated value and alternating current, after the second current conversion station is stable, lifting direct voltage, to rated value, makes the second current conversion station normal steady state run again.
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| CN109921454B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-05-28 | 国家电网有限公司 | Flexible direct current system starting method and device based on modular multilevel converter |
| CN109921454A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-21 | 国家电网有限公司 | Flexible direct current system starting method and device based on modular multilevel converter |
| CN111697611A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Direct-current side voltage indirect control method applied to multi-terminal flexible power transmission system |
| CN111697611B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Direct-current side voltage indirect control method applied to multi-terminal flexible power transmission system |
| CN111697612A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-22 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司 | Coordinated starting method of three-terminal hybrid direct-current power transmission system |
| CN113178885A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-27 | 上海电机学院 | Coordinated starting method of multi-terminal MMC-MTDC system |
| CN113866509A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-31 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for selecting resistance values of grounding current-limiting resistors of converter station sharing grounding electrode |
| CN113937995A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-14 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Soft start method of low-frequency power transmission system and storage medium |
| CN113937995B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-08-08 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Soft start method and storage medium of low-frequency power transmission system |
| CN113866509B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2024-07-30 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for selecting resistance value of grounding current-limiting resistor of converter station sharing grounding electrode |
| CN115514019A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-12-23 | 国家电网有限公司 | Large-load test control method and system for carrying out flexible direct current delivery on new energy |
| CN115514019B (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-05-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | Large-load test control method and system for new energy sent out by flexible direct current |
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