CN104242225B - Intelligent integrated prepayment switch - Google Patents
Intelligent integrated prepayment switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN104242225B CN104242225B CN201410485144.0A CN201410485144A CN104242225B CN 104242225 B CN104242225 B CN 104242225B CN 201410485144 A CN201410485144 A CN 201410485144A CN 104242225 B CN104242225 B CN 104242225B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent integrated repayment switch. The intelligent integrated repayment switch comprises a power supply circuit, a microcontroller, a display circuit, a current sensor, a zero-sequence mutual inductor, a communication circuit and a control circuit, wherein the display circuit, the current sensor, the zero-sequence mutual inductor, the communication circuit and the control circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the microcontroller. The microcontroller is a single-chip microcomputer PIC18F. The communication circuit is an RS485 communication circuit and comprises an RS-485 transceiver chip connected with the microcontroller through a serial communication interface. According to the intelligent integrated repayment switch, the microcontroller is connected with the display circuit, the current sensor, the zero-sequence mutual inductor and the control circuit to carry out action control, the functions such as short circuit protection, overcurrent protection, overload protection, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection and leakage protection are integrated, the intelligent integrated repayment switch can be connected with a computer through the communication circuit, remote control can be achieved for workers, and the intelligent integrated repayment switch is small in size, high in reliability and convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distribution technique field, more particularly to a kind of intelligent integrated prepayment switch.
Background technology
At present, coincidence brake system is widely used in power supply unit, has been extended to payment system.Reclosing it is timely
Separating brake and combined floodgate can effectively carry out protection circuit operation safety, however it is necessary that manually-operated coincidence brake system is, it is necessary to work
Manual separating brake and combined floodgate is carried out as personnel, is operated not safe enough and is not enough facilitated.
The principle of Intelligent reclosing is improved on the basis of earth leakage circuit-breaker, in earth leakage circuit-breaker action
Afterwards, automatic reclosing is carried out by certain time delay, is restored electricity, manually-operated reclosing system the need for instead of originally
System, it is ensured that the normal operation of electrical equipment.But such product, in addition it is also necessary to some breakers, the cooperation of contactor, meeting
Cause certain unreliability.
Existing coincidence brake system has cut-off from power supply-distribution system at first and has closed regular link and cut-off failure
The effect of circuit develops into the effect such as measurement and its protection, alarm for realizing various power consumption parameters.But the survey of current reclosing
Amount result can only be shown locally, when operating personnel need to check and approve power consumption parameter, it is necessary to the reclosing institute
Place, checked and approved, inconvenient operation, waste of manpower, reliability is not high.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of intelligent integrated prepayment switch, to solve existing coincidence
Lock reliability is low and is unable to the problem of far distance controlled.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of intelligent integrated prepayment switch, including power-supplying circuit, microcontroller and respectively with microcontroller
The display circuit of electrical connection, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit, power-supplying circuit respectively with it is micro-
Controller, display circuit, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit are connected and powered；The microcontroller
Device is single-chip microcomputer PIC18F, and electric capacity C11 meets the 6th pin VCAP of microcontroller, is microcontroller core power filter；Electric capacity C10
The resetting pin NRST of microcontroller is met, for microcontroller provides reset signal；
The power-supplying circuit is by transformer T10, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, electrochemical capacitor C1, C3, C4, C7, three
Voltage-stablizer U3, U4 are constituted at end, and transformer T10 primary connects AC power UA phases, UB phases, and secondary passes through diode D1, D2, D3, D4
Rectification, forms positive and negative 12V power supplys after electrochemical capacitor C1, C3 filtering, positive and negative 12V power supplys are by three terminal regulator U3, U4, electrolysis electricity
Hold C4, C7 voltage stabilizing into positive and negative 5V power supplys for each circuit is powered；
The display circuit includes charactron, current-limiting resistance and four triodes；The charactron passes through current-limiting resistance
Output port with the microcontroller is connected；Display circuit is by charactron U1, resistance R5 '-R12 ', R7, R8, R9, R15, three
Pole pipe T1, T2, T3, T4 are constituted, and output port PD0~PD4, PE0~PE2 of microcontroller constitutes section and selects signal by current limliting electricity
Resistance R5 '-R12 ' are connected with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, DP section of pin of charactron U1；Triode T1, T2, T3, T4 also respectively with it is micro-
The VDD interfaces of controller are connected；
The current sensor includes being carried out with three phase mains respectively three sensors of single-phase connection；Sensor output electricity
Pressure signal is to second analog-to-digital conversion mouthful of microcontroller, the 3rd analog-to-digital conversion mouthful and the 4th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful；Current sensor
Including three sensors CT2, CT3, CT4, CT2, CT3, CT4 are each passed through UC, UB, UA three phase mains, CT2, CT3, CT4 output
The second analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB2, the 3rd modulus that voltage signal sends into microcontroller are converted to by resistance R51, R52, R53 respectively
Conversion mouth PB3 and the 4th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB4, is converted to data signal, and microcontroller leads to after Digital Signal Analysis are calculated
Cross control circuit and perform protection act；
The ZCT is connected respectively with three phase mains, the output end of ZCT and the 5th mould of microcontroller
Number conversion mouth is connected, and the electric leakage signal that ZCT is detected is converted to voltage signal and amplified feeding by resistance R29
The analog-to-digital conversion mouthful of microcontroller；ZCT is made up of ZCT CT1, and CT1 passes through UA, UB, UC three phase mains, when
CT1 induces the electric leakage signal of circuit, and the electric leakage signal is converted to voltage signal by resistance R29, resistance R27, R32, R25,
R30, R31, electric capacity C6 constitute amplifying circuit, and the 5th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB5 of microcontroller is sent into after electric leakage signal is amplified, will
Electric leakage signal is converted to data signal；
The communicating circuit is RS485 communicating circuits, and communicating circuit includes RS-485 transponder chips, and the RS-485 is received
Hair device chip is connected by serial communication interface with microcontroller；RS-485 transponder chip models MAX485, RS-485
Port RX, TX, PD7 connection of receiving terminal RX, TX, 485CTL and microcontroller of transponder chip, microcontroller passes through RS485
Communicating circuit is communicated with computer, realizes the remote control of intelligent integrated prepayment switch；RS-485 transponder chips
RX, TX be serial communication interface, 485CTL effect be switching receive transmission state；
The control circuit includes opening circuit and combined floodgate circuit；The sub-gate signal of the opening circuit comes from microcontroller
The 4th output port, sub-gate signal is connected to the electrical apparatus release of relay K2 and control relay after amplifying through resistance, triode
Action；Opening circuit is made up of resistance R38, R39, R40, R76, triode T6, T7, relay K2, electrical apparatus release L1；Sub-gate signal
OUT_OFF is connected by R38 with the 4th output port PA4 of microcontroller, and when separating brake is needed, OUT_OFF is high level, three
Pole pipe T6, T7 is turned on, and relay K2 line bags obtain 24V power supplys, relay K2 adhesives, and the ends of electrical apparatus release L1 bis- obtain exchanging UA, UB
Two-phase power supply, electrical apparatus release action promotes mechanism's separating brake of intelligent integrated prepayment switch internal；
Fiveth output port of the switching signal of the combined floodgate circuit from microcontroller, switching signal is through resistance, three poles
Pipe is connected to relay K1 and combined floodgate motor after amplifying；Close a floodgate electric routing resistance R43, R61, R41, R42, triode T8, T9, after
Electrical equipment K1, motor M1 are constituted；Switching signal OUT_ON is connected by R43 with the 5th output port PA5 of microcontroller, works as needs
During combined floodgate, OUT_ON is high level, and triode T8, T9 conducting, relay K1 line bags obtain 24V power supplys, relay K1 adhesives, electricity
The ends of machine M1 bis- are obtained exchanging UA, UB two-phase power supply, and motor M1 is rotated and promoted the mechanism of intelligent integrated prepayment switch internal to close
Lock.
Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, the beneficial effect produced by the present invention to be：
Intelligent integrated prepayment switch disclosed by the invention, by microcontroller and display circuit, current sensor, zero
Sequence sensor, control circuit carry out action control, are integrated with various functions such as short circuit, excessively stream, overload, overvoltage/undervoltage, earth leakage protective,
Can also be attached with computer by communicating circuit, realize the remote control of staff, small volume, reliability are high, make
With conveniently.When expense is not enough, electric brake meeting Automatic-falling, power transmission is closed when that can make electric brake after payment of fees automatically.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure connection diagram of intelligent integrated prepayment switch disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the microcontroller in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the display circuit in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the current sensor and ZCT structural representation in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the power-supplying circuit in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the communicating circuit in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the opening circuit in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the combined floodgate circuit in the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the attachment structure schematic diagram of intelligent integrated prepayment switch disclosed by the invention, including：Microcontroller
Device, display circuit, current sensor, ZCT, power-supplying circuit, communicating circuit, control circuit；Microcontroller is distinguished
With display circuit, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit be connected, power-supplying circuit also respectively with show
Show that circuit, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit are connected and for they are powered；The microcontroller
Device is single-chip microcomputer PIC18F；The communicating circuit is specially RS485 communicating circuits.
Whether ZCT detection circuit leaks electricity, and detection of electrical leakage signal is sent into microcontroller；Current sensor is examined
The three-phase current on survey line road, and three-phase current signal is sent into microcontroller；Microcontroller is to electric leakage signal, three-phase current signal
Treatment is digitized, control circuit carries out protection act after analytical calculation, and is shown by display circuit, also
Can be communicated by RS485 communicating circuits and computer.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the microcontroller of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1, as shown in Fig. 2 microcontroller
U8 is single-chip microcomputer PIC18F, and electric capacity C11 meets the 6th pin VCAP of U8, is the filtering of microcontroller U8 core powers；Electric capacity C10 meets U8
Resetting pin（NRST）, for U8 provides reset signal.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the display circuit of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1, as shown in figure 3, display circuit
By charactron U1, resistance R5 '-R12 ', R7, R8, R9, R15, triode T1, T2, T3, T4 are constituted, microcontroller U8 in Fig. 2
Output port PD0~PD4, PE0~PE2 constitute section select signal pass through the A of current-limiting resistance R5 '-R12 ' and charactron U1, B, C, D,
E, F, G, DP section of pin is connected；Triode T1, T2, T3, T4 are also connected with the VDD interfaces of microcontroller U8 respectively.
Fig. 4 is the current sensor of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1 and the structure chart of ZCT, is such as schemed
Shown in 4, current sensor includes three sensors CT2, CT3, CT4, and CT2, CT3, CT4 are each passed through UC, UB, UA three-phase electricity
Source, CT2, CT3, CT4 output is converted to voltage signal and sends into microcontroller U8 in Fig. 2 by resistance R51, R52, R53 respectively
The second analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB2, the 3rd analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB3 and the 4th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB4, be converted to data signal.It is micro-
Controller U8 performs protection act after Digital Signal Analysis are calculated by controlling circuit.
ZCT is made up of ZCT CT1, and CT1 passes through UA, UB, UC three phase mains, when CT1 induces circuit
Electric leakage signal, the electric leakage signal is converted to voltage signal, resistance R27, R32, R25, R30, R31, electric capacity C6 by resistance R29
Amplifying circuit is constituted, the 5th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB5 of the microcontroller U8 in Fig. 2 is sent into after electric leakage signal is amplified, will leaked electricity
Signal is converted to data signal.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the power-supplying circuit of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1, as shown in figure 5, power supply
Power supply circuit is by transformer T10, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, electrochemical capacitor C1, C3, C4, C7, three terminal regulator U3, U4 structure
Into.Transformer T10 primary connects AC power UA phases, UB phases, secondary by diode D1, D2, D3, D4 rectification, electrochemical capacitor C1,
Positive and negative 12V power supplys are formed after C3 filtering, positive and negative 12V power supplys are by three terminal regulator U3, U4, electrochemical capacitor C4, C7 voltage stabilizing into just
Negative 5V power supplys are powered for each circuit.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the communicating circuit of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1, as shown in fig. 6, the communication
Circuit is specially RS485 communicating circuits, and RS485 communicating circuits are by integrated RS-485 transponder chips U6（Concrete model can be with
It is MAX485）Constitute, port RX, TX, PD7 connection of the microcontroller U8 in receiving terminal RX, TX, 485CTL and Fig. 2 of U6 is micro-
Controller U8 can be communicated by RS485 communicating circuits and computer, realize the long-range of intelligent integrated prepayment switch
Control.RX, TX of U6 is serial communication interface, and 485CTL effects are that switching receives transmission state.
In the present invention, the control circuit of the switch of intelligent integrated prepayment shown in Fig. 1 includes opening circuit and combined floodgate circuit.
The opening circuit is as shown in fig. 7, opening circuit is by resistance R38, R39, R40, R76, triode T6, T7, relay
Device K2, electrical apparatus release L1 are constituted；The 4th output port that sub-gate signal OUT_OFF passes through the microcontroller U8 shown in R38 and Fig. 2
PA4 is connected.When separating brake is needed, OUT_OFF is high level, and triode T6, T7 conducting, relay K2 line bags obtain 24V power supplys,
Relay K2 adhesives, the ends of electrical apparatus release L1 bis- obtain exchanging UA, UB two-phase power supply, and electrical apparatus release action promotes intelligent integrated prepayment
Mechanism's separating brake of switch internal.
The combined floodgate circuit is as shown in figure 8, by resistance R43, R61, R41, R42, triode T8, T9, relay K1, motor
M1 is constituted；Switching signal OUT_ON is connected by R43 with the 5th output port PA5 of the microcontroller U8 in Fig. 2.When need close
During lock, OUT_ON is high level, and triode T8, T9 conducting, relay K1 line bags obtain 24V power supplys, relay K1 adhesives, motor
The ends of M1 bis- are obtained exchanging UA, UB two-phase power supply, and motor M1 is rotated and promoted the mechanism of intelligent integrated prepayment switch internal to close a floodgate.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of intelligent integrated prepayment is switched, it is characterised in that：Including power-supplying circuit, microcontroller and respectively with
The display circuit of microcontroller electrical connection, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit, power-supplying circuit
It is connected and powers with microcontroller, display circuit, current sensor, ZCT, communicating circuit, control circuit respectively；Institute
Microcontroller is stated for single-chip microcomputer PIC18F, electric capacity C11 meets the 6th pin VCAP of microcontroller, is microcontroller core power filter；
Electric capacity C10 meets the resetting pin NRST of microcontroller, for microcontroller provides reset signal；
The power-supplying circuit is steady by transformer T10, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, electrochemical capacitor C1, C3, C4, C7, three ends
Depressor U3, U4 are constituted, and transformer T10 primary connects AC power UA phases, UB phases, and secondary passes through diode D1, D2, D3, D4 rectification,
Form positive and negative 12V power supplys after electrochemical capacitor C1, C3 filtering, positive and negative 12V power supplys by three terminal regulator U3, U4, electrochemical capacitor C4,
C7 voltage stabilizings are into positive and negative 5V power supplys for each circuit is powered；
The display circuit includes charactron, current-limiting resistance and four triodes；The charactron passes through current-limiting resistance and institute
The output port for stating microcontroller is connected；Display circuit is by charactron U1, resistance R5 '-R12 ', R7, R8, R9, R15, triode
T1, T2, T3, T4 are constituted, and output port PD0~PD4, PE0~PE2 of microcontroller constitutes section and selects signal to pass through current-limiting resistance
R5 '-R12 ' are connected with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, DP section of pin of charactron U1；Triode T1, T2, T3, T4 are also respectively and micro-control
The VDD interfaces of device processed are connected；
The current sensor includes being carried out with three phase mains respectively three sensors of single-phase connection；Sensor output voltage is believed
Number to second analog-to-digital conversion mouthful of microcontroller, the 3rd analog-to-digital conversion mouthful and the 4th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful；Current sensor includes
Three sensors CT2, CT3, CT4, CT2, CT3, CT4 are each passed through UC, UB, UA three phase mains, CT2, CT3, CT4 output difference
The second analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB2, the 3rd analog-to-digital conversion that voltage signal sends into microcontroller are converted to by resistance R51, R52, R53
Mouth PB3 and the 4th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB4, is converted to data signal, and microcontroller passes through control after Digital Signal Analysis are calculated
Circuit processed performs protection act；
The ZCT is connected respectively with three phase mains, and the output end of ZCT turns with the 5th modulus of microcontroller
Change mouth to be connected, the electric leakage signal that ZCT is detected is converted to voltage signal and amplified feeding micro-control by resistance R29
The analog-to-digital conversion mouthful of device processed；ZCT is made up of ZCT CT1, and CT1 passes through UA, UB, UC three phase mains, works as CT1
Induce the electric leakage signal of circuit, the electric leakage signal is converted to voltage signal by resistance R29, resistance R27, R32, R25, R30,
R31, electric capacity C6 constitute amplifying circuit, and the 5th analog-to-digital conversion mouthful PB5 of microcontroller is sent into after electric leakage signal is amplified, and will leak electricity
Signal is converted to data signal；
The communicating circuit is RS485 communicating circuits, and communicating circuit includes RS-485 transponder chips, the RS-485 transceivers
Chip is connected by serial communication interface with microcontroller；RS-485 transponder chip models MAX485, RS-485 transmitting-receiving
Port RX, TX, PD7 connection of receiving terminal RX, TX, 485CTL and microcontroller of device chip, microcontroller is communicated by RS485
Circuit is communicated with computer, realizes the remote control of intelligent integrated prepayment switch；The RX of RS-485 transponder chips,
TX is serial communication interface, and 485CTL effects are that switching receives transmission state；
The control circuit includes opening circuit and combined floodgate circuit；The sub-gate signal of the opening circuit from microcontroller
Four output ports, sub-gate signal is connected to relay K2 after amplifying through resistance, triode and the electrical apparatus release of control relay is acted；
Opening circuit is made up of resistance R38, R39, R40, R76, triode T6, T7, relay K2, electrical apparatus release L1；Sub-gate signal OUT_
OFF is connected by R38 with the 4th output port PA4 of microcontroller, and when separating brake is needed, OUT_OFF is high level, triode
T6, T7 are turned on, and relay K2 line bags obtain 24V power supplys, relay K2 adhesives, and the ends of electrical apparatus release L1 bis- obtain exchanging UA, UB two-phase
Power supply, electrical apparatus release action promotes mechanism's separating brake of intelligent integrated prepayment switch internal；
Fiveth output port of the switching signal of the combined floodgate circuit from microcontroller, switching signal is put through resistance, triode
Relay K1 and combined floodgate motor are connected to after big；Close a floodgate electric routing resistance R43, R61, R41, R42, triode T8, T9, relay
K1, motor M1 are constituted；Switching signal OUT_ON is connected by R43 with the 5th output port PA5 of microcontroller, when need close a floodgate
When, OUT_ON is high level, and triode T8, T9 conducting, relay K1 line bags obtain 24V power supplys, relay K1 adhesives, motor M1
Two ends are obtained exchanging UA, UB two-phase power supply, and motor M1 is rotated and promoted the mechanism of intelligent integrated prepayment switch internal to close a floodgate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410485144.0A CN104242225B (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Intelligent integrated prepayment switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410485144.0A CN104242225B (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Intelligent integrated prepayment switch |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104242225A CN104242225A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CN104242225B true CN104242225B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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| CN201410485144.0A Active CN104242225B (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Intelligent integrated prepayment switch |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201717606U (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-01-19 | 夏炎 | Electricity-leakage circuit breaker used for remote control of undervoltage and overvoltage power supply and used on prepayment electricity meter |
| CN102394487A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-03-28 | 张敬敏 | Protection unit of prepayment device |
| CN204190350U (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Intelligent integrated prepayment switch |
-
2014
- 2014-09-22 CN CN201410485144.0A patent/CN104242225B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201717606U (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-01-19 | 夏炎 | Electricity-leakage circuit breaker used for remote control of undervoltage and overvoltage power supply and used on prepayment electricity meter |
| CN102394487A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-03-28 | 张敬敏 | Protection unit of prepayment device |
| CN204190350U (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Intelligent integrated prepayment switch |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104242225A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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