CN104239693B - The computational methods and its system of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state - Google Patents
The computational methods and its system of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the computational methods and its system of daily fluid production rate under a kind of oil well pump valve leakage state, computational methods are as follows：Effective stroke of the underground plunger pump under valve leakage state is determined, i.e., does not consider the daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence in effective stroke；The closing point or the closing point of travelling valve of standing valve determined by after being missed by plunger pump valve, calculate instantaneous wastage, then calculate day valve wastage according to instantaneous wastage；A day valve wastage is subtracted with the daily fluid production rate for not considering valve leakage influence in effective stroke, that is, draws daily fluid production rate of the plunger pump under valve leakage state.Computing system includes not considering in effective stroke the daily fluid production rate computing module under daily fluid production rate computing module, day valve wastage computing module and the valve leakage state of valve leakage influence.The present invention compensate for the deficiency in current power graph method metering, improve the degree of accuracy of power graph method metering.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be applied to beam type oil pumping the present invention relates to a kind of rod-pumped well Liquid output computing technique field
There is the method and computing system that calculate daily fluid production rate after valve leakage using actual indicator card in motor-pumped well.
Background technology
In oilfield development process, machine instruction statement mining stage, conventional oil recovery side are entered after blowing ability when oil well loses
Formula is that oil pumping unit matching underground has bar reciprocating pump to be produced, and this paper abbreviation oil well pumps, Liquid output is measured with separator.Work(
Figure method, which is measured, starts application the nineties in last century, gradually instead of separator metering Liquid output；The technology is measured with separator
Compare, because of its advanced technology, ground installation and supporting flow are simple, and operation and maintenance cost are low, oil field has been at home at present
Extensive use, but in actual applications, there is problems with the technology：
(1) after valve leakage occurs for oil well pump, there is mistake in the result of calculation of Liquid output, or even is made when because of valve leakage
When actually not producing liquid into oil well, the Liquid output result of calculation of power graph method metering shows that oil well still has certain liquid-producing capacity, with
Practical condition is not inconsistent.
(2) oil well pump valve leakage be divided to two kinds of forms to exist, one be foreign matter between valve ball and valve seat, make valve
It can not close, now actual indicator card is changed greatly with normal contrast, be easier to distinguish and judge；Two be valve ball or valve
Seated connection contacting surface is damaged, and valve seat is coordinated not tight with valve ball, the leakage of such case gradually aggravates, and is difficult initial stage to be sent out
Existing, as valve leakage is gradually serious, now power graph method error in dipping is also increasing, and well mouth of oil well Liquid output is gradually reduced,
And measure Liquid output result and be gradually increasing and actually run counter to, such as non-early detection valve misses problem, is continuing with power graph method
The Liquid output of metering, can cause the mistake of oil well production trend, and the analysis work to oil well and well group is totally unfavorable.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides produced daily in a kind of metering of power graph method under oil well pump valve leakage state
The computational methods and its system of liquid measure.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The computational methods of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state, method is as follows：
Effective stroke of the oil well pump under valve leakage state is determined, i.e., does not consider valve leakage influence in effective stroke
Daily fluid production rate；
The closing point or the closing point of travelling valve of standing valve determined by after being missed by oil well pump valve, are calculated
Instantaneous wastage, then calculates day valve wastage according to instantaneous wastage；
Described day valve wastage is subtracted with the daily fluid production rate for not considering valve leakage influence in described effective stroke,
Draw daily fluid production rate of the oil well pump under valve leakage state.
Do not consider that the daily fluid production rate computational methods that valve misses influence are in above-mentioned computational methods, the effective stroke：
In formula：Qy：The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence, m are not considered in effective stroke3/d；D:Pump size, m；Si：
Travelling valve closes point or standing valve closes point to the distance of bottom dead centre, m；SK：Travelling valve opening point or standing valve are opened
Open the distance for a little arriving bottom dead centre, m；N:Jig frequency, min-1。
Above-mentioned computational methods, described day valve wastage computational methods are：
QL：Day valve wastage, m3/d；D:Pump size, m；νi：Suspension point when travelling valve or standing valve closing
The speed of service, m/s；θi：Travelling valve or standing valve close the crank angle of point, °；θkq：Travelling valve or standing valve are opened
Crank angle a little is opened, °.
The computing system of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state, including：
First computing module, for determining effective stroke of the oil well pump under valve leakage state, draws in effective stroke
The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence is not considered；
Second computing module, for the closing point by identified standing valve after the leakage of oil well pump valve or travelling all
Your closing point, calculates instantaneous wastage, then calculates day valve wastage according to instantaneous wastage；
3rd computing module, for the daily fluid production rate and described day that will not consider that leakage influences in described effective stroke
Valve wastage is subtracted each other, and draws daily fluid production rate of the oil well pump under valve leakage state.
Above-mentioned computing system, the first described computing module, for being calculated by following formula,
In formula：Qy：The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence, m are not considered in effective stroke3/d；D:Pump size, m；Si：
Travelling valve closes point or standing valve closes point to the distance of bottom dead centre, m；SK：Travelling valve opening point or standing valve are opened
Open the distance for a little arriving bottom dead centre, m；N:Jig frequency, min-1。
Above-mentioned computing system, the second described computing module, for being calculated by following formula,
In formula：QL：Day valve wastage, m3/d；D:Pump size, m；νi：When travelling valve or standing valve closing
The suspension point speed of service, m/s；θi：Travelling valve or standing valve close the crank angle of point, °；θkq：Travelling valve or fixation are all
The crank angle of your opening point, °.
The computational methods and its system of daily fluid production rate are correctly determined under the oil well pump valve leakage state that the present invention is provided
Effective stroke of the oil well pump under valve leakage state；According to the key point of leakage work(figure, instantaneous wastage is calculated, so as to count
Daily fluid production rate is calculated, the deficiency in current power graph method metering is compensate for, improves the degree of accuracy of power graph method metering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rod-pumped well normal indicator diagram.
Fig. 2 is that travelling valve is missed or plunger increases indicator card with seating nipple gap.
Fig. 3 is that standing valve misses indicator card.
In Fig. 1,2,3：A：Travelling valve closes point；B：Standing valve opening point；C：Standing valve closes point；D：It is travelling all
That opening point；P：Load coordinate, KN；S：Displacement coordinate, m.
Fig. 4 is conventional beam-pumping unit rough schematic.
A in Fig. 4：Walking beam forearm, m；C：Arm lengths after walking beam, m；P：Length of connecting rod, m；R：Throw of crankshaft, m；I：Trip
Beam supports center to the horizontal range at reducer output shaft center, m；H：Walking beam supports center to the height of base bottom, m；G：
Reducer output shaft center is to the height of base bottom, m；K：Walking beam supports center to the distance at reducer output shaft center, m；
J：Crank center is the distance between to walking beam support center, m；θ：Crank angle, 12 o'clock position is in as zero degree using crank,
Prolong crank direction of rotation measurement；φ：Zero degree line and K wire clamps angle；β：C and P angle；α：P and R angle；χ：C and J angle；
ρ：K and J angle；ψ：C and K angle；ψb：ψ angle of the polished rod in extreme lower position；ψt：ψ angle of the polished rod at extreme higher position；
θK：K and R angle；ω：Crank rotation angle speed, generally equivalent to π N/30, S-1；N:Jig frequency, min-1。
Fig. 5 is the normal actual indicator card of certain well.
Fig. 6 is that certain well travelling valve misses actual indicator card.
Fig. 7 is CYJY12-6-73HF type pumping unit hanging point displacements and crank angle relation curve.
Fig. 8 is CYJY12-6-73HF type pumping unit hanging spot speed and crank angle relation curve.
Embodiment
Be discussed further below current power graph method can not be computed correctly oil well pump occur valve leakage after actually produce liquid daily
The problem of amount, the present invention improves the process of power graph method accurate measurement degree by being merged with existing measurement technology.
(1) basic calculation of power graph method metering at present.
With reference to Fig. 1, power graph method metering is carried out according to actual indicator card application oil pumping pumpage formula combination effective stroke
What daily fluid production rate was calculated.Effective stroke is that actual indicator card geometric properties and Curvature varying are analyzed by power graph method measuring software
Judge, it is effective in the projector distance of work(figure displacement coordinate to obtain the opening point D of plunger pump travelling valve and close point A, i.e. D A
Stroke.
(2) the reason for power graph method metering Liquid output is inaccurate under valve leakage state.
During oil well pump normal work, travelling valve and standing valve alternately open and close complete feed liquor, discharge opeing process.When wherein
When any one group of valve is missed, normal switching-off and the unlatching of another group of valve can be influenceed.
Fig. 2 travelling valves are missed, that is, closing can not be realized by having formd travelling valve, in this case, and D A are
Effective stroke can not truly be reflected, the still current method of application is calculated, and its result of calculation is clearly incorrect.
Fig. 3 standing valves are missed, though now D A can reflect effective stroke, in the whole service of pump, valve
Leakage phenomena exists therewith, directly with current computational methods, the result is that inaccurate.
(3) redefine oil well pump and the effective stroke after valve leakage occur, be i.e. plunger is conceded or compressed at work
Dischargeable capacity.Main descriptive geometry is contrasted from the typical travelling valve leakage indicator card Fig. 2 and normal indicator diagram Fig. 1 of rod-pumped well
It is characterized as：The increment of load i.e. increment of load line AB that slows down diminishes with axis of abscissas angle, unloading in advance i.e. unloading line CD and axis of abscissas angle
Increase, increment of load line AB and unloading line CD are not parallel, and the bigger increment of load line AB of wastage extends formed angle more with unloading line CD
Greatly.
Reflect in travelling valve leakage work(figure, standing valve opens B points and B points contrast generation in normal work(figure Fig. 1 is right
Move, close point C and move to left, i.e., the shift length of standing valve opening in each stroke shortens than normal work(figure (Fig. 1), outside
Portion's medium must could enter seating nipple under standing valve opening, therefore when travelling valve is missed, standing valve is opened
Point B is opened to the distance for closing point C, i.e. BC could be as the effective stroke under travelling valve leakage state.Plunger is ground with seating nipple
Damage gap increase leakage and travelling valve leakage work(figure Fig. 2 graphic feature is basically identical, take same method to calculate effective punching
Journey.
Standing valve misses work(figure Fig. 3, and the open and close because of standing valve leakage to travelling valve will also result in same
Influence, therefore when standing valve is missed, travelling valve opening point D to closing point A absolute distance are standing valve leakage
When effective stroke.
(4) determination of wastage key point is calculated.
Because travelling valve is not closed completely, in the whole work process of oil well pump, the part in plunger upper part oil pipe is situated between
Matter is entered in the seating nipple below oil pump plunger piston by being flow backwards at ball and ball seat blow-by, and the size of its wastage depends on post
The sectional area size of portion's head of liquid, liquid viscosity and leakage points beyond the Great Wall, head of liquid is bigger, leakage points sectional area is bigger, leakage
Vector is bigger, when travelling valve, which exists, misses, if head of liquid and leakage points sectional area are constant on plunger, wastage
It is invariable, i.e., the leakage volume (m in the unit interval in the whole work process of oil well pump3/s)。
Oil well pump sucker rod drive under move back and forth, the characteristics of motion of oil pumper due to being constrained by quadric chain,
The motion of horse head suspension point is in speed change state all the time, and its characteristics of motion is similar to simple harmonic motion, the speed of service at upper and lower dead point
It is most slow, and operation is most fast in the half way of upstroke and down stroke；When plunger is run up by bottom dead centre, due to initial velocity
Slowly, wastage is more than the up space conceded of plunger, and the head of liquid of plunger upper part remains to be delivered to the seating nipple of plunger bottom
Interior, standing valve can not be opened by head of liquid effect, gradually be accelerated with the speed of service of plunger, when plunger is up, instantaneously
When the space conceded is more than instantaneous leakage volume, the pressure in the seating nipple of plunger bottom declines, standing valve drop under stress and
Opened under oil sets annular space head of liquid double action, the medium in annular space could enter, therefore standing valve moment
During unlatching, the space that the plunger speed of service is conceded is equal to because travelling valve misses filled leakage medium volume, that is, swim
Projected positions of the standing valve opening point B on displacement coordinate S on dynamic valve leakage indicator card；But due to taking out for transmission motion
Beam hanger bears the change of load and occurs elastic deformation in the course of the work, i.e. loss of plunger stroke, causes plunger upward by bottom dead centre
The mobile time is more delayed than the traveling time of suspension point, therefore plunger moves the speed at initial stage upwards by bottom dead centre and suspension point is moved initial stage
Dynamic speed is different, and in polished rod upstroke the second half, translational speed is gradually reduced, the translational speed of plunger now it is basic in
The variable motion of suspension point is synchronous；The speed moved upwards with plunger is gradually reduced, the space conceded when plunger is up, equal to trip
When dynamic valve leaks into the space that medium is filled, standing valve is closed by self gravitation effect, is managed outer medium and is not entered back into
In seating nipple, therefore the key point that instantaneous wastage is calculated during travelling valve leakage should be the closing point of standing valve；Plunger with
Seating nipple abrasion causes gap increase leakage also to take same method to calculate.Similarly, the pass of travelling valve when standing valve is missed
The key point that close point is calculated as wastage.
(5) calculating of the instantaneous speed of service of suspension point.
The instantaneous speed of service of suspension point, is influenceed by multiple factors, including the stroke of oil pumper, jig frequency, oil pumper
The geometrical relationship and size of quadric chain, the influence of some factors of motor four of offer power, wherein motor is in oil pumping
In the practical application of motor-pumped well, constant speed operation of electrically driven machine accounts for the overwhelming majority, and this research does not consider the influence of motor gear box operating,
It is constant speed operating to think motor.Therefore suspension point speed of service during key point is accurately calculated, ground is just must take into consideration
Pumping unit oil pumper Fig. 4 structure.
In summary, the present invention is that oil well pump the side for calculating daily fluid production rate after valve leakage using actual indicator card occurs
Method, is the improvement to current power graph method measurement technology.On the basis of the metering of current power graph method, continuous data storehouse of upgrading, addition
Oil pumper geometrical characteristic parameter, the identification of the typical work(figure vector characteristic of enhancing, still production is calculated during normal condition using current method
Liquid measure.By the computational methods of the present invention alternately, when software, which determines oil well pump, there is valve leakage, this meter is selected automatically
Calculation method carries out Liquid output calculating.
It is specifically described below.
(1) computational methods：
The computational methods of oil well pump typical work(figure working properly.
Oil well pump typical work(figure working properly includes normal work(figure Fig. 1,5, typical feed flow deficiency work(figure, wax deposition type work(
Figure, viscous crude effect type work(figure.This quasi-representative work(figure graphic feature is not because that oil well pump there is problem is occurring with normal work(figure
Graphic difference, influence the reason for it changes for carried out by external force, therefore the computational methods that the current power graph method of application is measured are produced
The calculating of liquid measure.
In addition with Pumping with gushing type work(figure, such work(figure is not suitable for the calculating that application power graph method carries out Liquid output.
The computational methods of oil well pump operation irregularity work(figure.
Oil well pump operation irregularity work(figure includes travelling valve and misses work(figure Fig. 2, standing valve leakage work(figure Fig. 3, Yi Jizhu
Plug and seating nipple gap increase work(figure (basically identical with Fig. 2).Such work(figure is to make work(figure because oil well pump there is problem in itself
The graphic difference that feature occurs with normal contrast, is adapted to the calculating that daily fluid production rate is carried out with the computational methods of the present invention.
(2) calculating of the present invention to Liquid output is illustrated
With reference to accompanying drawing 2,4, missed with travelling valve, ground pumping unit be rear-mounted beam-pumping unit exemplified by said
It is bright.
Still have, instantaneous wastage is constant, therefore calculated under travelling valve leakage state because being missed in effective stroke
Discharge capacity formula be：
Q=Qy-QL
Q：Daily fluid production rate, (m3/ d),
Qy：The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence, (m are not considered in effective stroke3/ d),
QL：Day valve wastage, (m3/ d),
In formula：νi：Suspension point speed, this formula refers to suspension point speed of service when standing valve is closed, that is, misses liquid in work
Make instantaneous liquid-column height, m/s in cylinder；
tL：Suspension point run time in effective stroke, s；
θi：Standing valve closes the crank angle of point, °；
θkq：The crank angle of standing valve opening point, °；
Si：Standing valve closes point to the distance of bottom dead centre, m；
SK：Distance of the standing valve opening point to bottom dead centre；m；
Due to νiAnd tLIt is just not relevant with stroke (S), jig frequency (N), while also having very with used ground pumping unit
Important Relations, the oil pumper of different model, in the case of stroke, jig frequency identical, the instantaneous velocity of its same suspension point position is not
With, reason is that the physical dimension difference of quadric chain and direction of rotation are determined, accurately to be calculated, it is necessary to consider
This factor of the actual movement rule of quadric chain.
The crank angle when suspension point is in bottom dead centre is obtained first.
I.e.：Si=0 crank angle θ, Si=A (ψ b- ψ), works as SiWhen=0, ψ b- ψ=0, therefore ψ b=ψ；
Calculate standing valve turn-off transient plunger translational speed (instantaneous height of leakage fluid column)：
This formula is applied to the correlation computations of rear-mounted (including out-phase) oil pumper.
Example：Certain producing well ground installation uses CYJY12-6-73HF type oil pumpers, and working system is S=6 meters, N=3.27
Beat/min, the production of φ 44mm oil well pumps；Liquid output is measured using power graph method, early stage production work(figure is characterized as that oil well pump is working properly
(Fig. 5), daily fluid production rate is 36.5m3/ d, it is 35.3m that mobile separator, which is examined,3/d.Later stage work(figure changes, indicator card feature instantiation
Travelling valve misses (Fig. 6), and power graph method metering daily fluid production rate is 38.5m3/ d, mobile separator examines daily fluid production rate 25.4m3/ d,
Current power graph method metric results are not inconsistent with actual Liquid output.
Well daily fluid production rate under Liquid output under the calculating oil well pump valve leakage state of the invention of application below：
Associ-ated motion parameters are calculated according to CYJY12-6-73HF oil pumpers physical dimension and working system first：
CYJY12-6-73HF type oil pumper kinematic parameter abridged tables
Working system 6m/3.27n
Work as S in tableiWhen=0, θ=11.851 °, Ψ b=81.276 °.
S is obtained from Fig. 6i=5.95m, SK=0.9m, N=3.27n/min
CYJY12-6-73HF type oil pumper kinematic parameter tables generate Fig. 7 and check in θi=189 °, θkq=53 °, parameter list generation
Fig. 8 checks in νi=0.203m/s
Bring formula into：
Q=36.14-10.07=26.07m3/d
It is 26.07m that daily fluid production rate under travelling valve leakage state is calculated with the present invention3/ d, mobile separator is synchronously examined
Daily fluid production rate is 25.4m3/ d, difference is only 0.67m3, error rate is only 2.6%.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to example, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the present invention
Technical scheme modify or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover
Among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (2)
1. the computational methods of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state, it is characterised in that method is as follows：
Effective stroke of the underground plunger pump under valve leakage state is determined, i.e., does not consider valve leakage influence in effective stroke
Daily fluid production rate；
The closing point or the closing point of travelling valve of standing valve determined by after being missed by plunger pump valve, are calculated instantaneous
Wastage, then calculates day valve wastage according to instantaneous wastage；
Described day valve wastage is subtracted with the daily fluid production rate for not considering valve leakage influence in described effective stroke, is produced
Go out daily fluid production rate of the oil well pump under valve leakage state；
Do not consider that the daily fluid production rate computational methods that valve misses influence are in the effective stroke：
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In formula：Qy：The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence, m are not considered in effective stroke3/d；D:Pump size, m；Si：It is travelling
Valve closes point or standing valve closes point to the distance of bottom dead centre, m；SK：Travelling valve opening point or standing valve opening point
To the distance of bottom dead centre, m；N:Jig frequency, min-1；
Described day valve wastage computational methods are：
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QL：Day valve wastage, m3/d；D:Pump size, m；νi：Suspension point operation when travelling valve or standing valve closing
Speed, m/s；θi：Travelling valve or standing valve close the crank angle of point, °；Travelling valve or standing valve opening point
Crank angle, °.
2. the computing system of daily fluid production rate under oil well pump valve leakage state, it is characterised in that including：
First computing module, for determining effective stroke of the underground plunger pump under valve leakage state, draws in effective stroke
The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence is not considered；
Second computing module, for being missed by oil well pump valve after determined by standing valve closing point or travelling valve
Point is closed, instantaneous wastage is calculated, day valve wastage is then calculated according to instantaneous wastage；
3rd computing module, for the daily fluid production rate and described day valve by leakage influence is not considered in described effective stroke
Wastage is subtracted each other, and draws daily fluid production rate of the oil well pump under valve leakage state；
The first described computing module, for being calculated by following formula,
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In formula：Qy：The daily fluid production rate of valve leakage influence, m are not considered in effective stroke3/d；D:Pump size, m；Si：It is travelling
Valve closes point or standing valve closes point to the distance of bottom dead centre, m；SK：Travelling valve opening point or standing valve opening point
To the distance of bottom dead centre, m；N:Jig frequency, min-1；
The second described computing module, for being calculated by following formula,
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1
In formula：QL：Day valve wastage, m3/d；D:Pump size, m；νi：Suspension point when travelling valve or standing valve closing
The speed of service, m/s；θi：Travelling valve or standing valve close the crank angle of point, °；Travelling valve or standing valve are opened
Crank angle a little is opened, °.
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