CN104237870A - Device and method for testing low-frequency linear array acoustic performance in air - Google Patents
Device and method for testing low-frequency linear array acoustic performance in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237870A CN104237870A CN201410414714.7A CN201410414714A CN104237870A CN 104237870 A CN104237870 A CN 104237870A CN 201410414714 A CN201410414714 A CN 201410414714A CN 104237870 A CN104237870 A CN 104237870A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52004—Means for monitoring or calibrating
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for testing the low-frequency linear array acoustic performance in air. The device comprises a tone generator, a power amplifier, an acoustic calibrator capable of generating a specific sound field, a measurement amplifier and a data acquisition system. The acoustic calibrator comprises a double-layer shell, an input tube and a test shell. The device and the method have the advantages that the problem that the requirement for a low-frequency test in a limited water area under a free filed condition can not be met for testing the low-frequency linear array acoustic performance under existing calibration conditions is solved, the acoustic performance of array elements of the long low-frequency linear array can be calibrated in air under the condition of the sound field which is needed for the test and generated through an audio signal stimulus loudspeaker, and therefore the acoustic performance of the whole array is tested. The acoustic performance of the linear array can be tested under the condition of a laboratory or a field by conveniently moving the acoustic calibrator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acoustic sensor parameter testing field, or rather, is a kind of device and method of testing of testing low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere.
Background technology
Along with development that is commercial and military domain, the long alignment array utilizing low-frequency hydrophone to form becomes more and more important to obtain marine acoustics environmental data.Length due to linear array has rice up to a hundred, free field far field collimation technique requirement conveniently, and measuring distance is very far away, cannot calibrate it in laboratory conditions, if measured in open waters, then not only implement very difficult, and of a high price.Simultaneously, because measuring distance is very large, often be difficult to ensure all even isotropy of sound field and the accurate of location fix, add the reduction of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), also greatly have impact on measuring accuracy, guestimate can only be carried out to sensitivity and directivity, and the variation tendency of performance with temperature and pressure of linear array cannot be grasped.In addition, along with the use of long linear array, in many application scenarios, array also by one dimension develop into two dimension.Receiving the analysis ability of information in order to improve pair array array element, needing the phase place and the sensitivity information that obtain online array element, and requiring that the phase place of array element and sensitivity possess reasonable consistance.Therefore, abroad the 1970s and 1980s in last century successive developed the method for several linear array calibration: 1) winding method, can the sensitivity of lubber-line array, can not the directivity of lubber-line array; 2) watertight aircase method, the lower frequency limit of calibration is lower, but equally cannot the directivity of lubber-line array; 3) pipe alignment method, not only can calibrate the sensitivity of towing line array or array element group, also can calibrate its far field directive property.Meanwhile, the pressure and temperature in all right control tube.But during the calibration of pipe alignment device, array is installed very inconvenient, can only apply in the lab.In above-mentioned all appraisal procedures to hydrophone array array element and equipment, be not manyly suitable for production facility, some equipment needs to carry out in fluid media, and other needs are with reference to nautical receiving set.In testing, these characteristics with reference to nautical receiving set array element can change with temperature, use and time, also have the densely covered generation causing undesired signal that other reference can cannot be eliminated because of nautical receiving set array element.In other words, these are with reference to simple, easy equipment can not be provided for determining whether the single array element of hydrophone array accurately installs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art existence, meet the testing requirement of long line hydrophone array and array element acoustical behavior under outfield or working condition thereof, solve sound field conditions and proving installation problem needed for method of testing or test, and a kind of device testing low frequency wire array acoustical behavior is in atmosphere provided, be in atmosphere required device and method of testing are tested to long linear array acoustical behavior under one is adapted at laboratory or field condition.
The object of the invention is to have come by following technical solution.This device testing low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere, comprise audio-frequency generator, power amplifier, the acoustic calibrator that can produce specific sound field, measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS), wherein acoustic calibrator comprises double-deck housing, input pipe and test housing, pressure wave chamber A is provided with in double-deck housing, audio-frequency generator is connected to form emission coefficient by one end of the input pipe of power amplifier and acoustic calibrator, audio signal generator produces sound signal, produces the sound field needed for test by the loudspeaker of exciting power amplifier, acoustic calibrator; The other end of input pipe is connected with pressure wave chamber A by loudspeaker, pressure wave chamber A is connected with the pressure wave chamber B tested in housing through housing by Acoustic Wave Propagation passage, and B inverted round stage body structure symmetrically in pressure wave chamber is also connected with the test cavity for placing tested linear array; Tested linear array through test cavity make tested array element sound field around effect under Received signal strength, send data acquisition system (DAS) to by measuring amplifier after Received signal strength, by obtaining measured data after the measuring and amplifying of signal after data acquisition; Tested linear array, measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS) form the receiving system of signal.
Further, described test cavity, pressure wave chamber B and test housing between cavity in be provided with sound insulating material layer.
The method of testing of testing the device of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere described in this employing, the method comprises the steps:
(1), tested linear array be arranged in the test cavity of acoustic calibrator, make the center of tested array element just to the entrant sound mouth of test cavity;
(2) signal, according to free field test philosophy set in advance, makes signal meet p (θ, z)=p
0e
jkzsin θcondition, the control to signal is realized by change incident angle θ, signal needed for being occurred by audio-frequency generator drives the loudspeaker in acoustic calibrator, and the tested array element Received signal strength of tested linear array, by the laggard row data sampling of signal condition, and to the number of accepting and believing carry out FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the amplitude of signal and phase place, and preserve data according to content measurement;
(3) change tested array element, repeat step (1) and (2);
(4), control signal is carried out according to the rule of signal set in step (3) and change incident angle θ, and drive the loudspeaker in acoustic calibrator, and originally for the tested array element of the tested linear array of Received signal strength substitute by standard microphone, by sampling to signal after same signal condition and FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the phase and magnitude of signal, and preserve test data;
(5), each tested array element signal that tested linear array receives under identical pumping signal and the signal that standard microphone is surveyed are compared, under obtaining different incidence angles condition, tested array element receives amplitude and the phase place of signal, obtains sensitivity needed for whole array and directive property parameter by becoming battle array process to linear array array element.
The principle of whole proving installation: the acoustic calibrator that test sound field can be provided by development, the air sound field utilizing acoustic calibrator to set up realizes the test to the long linear array array element of low frequency, and utilizes free field principle in air to realize the test to whole array performance.Audio signal generator produces sound signal, the sound field needed for test is produced by the loudspeaker of power amplifier excitation acoustic calibrator, linear array is through the test cavity of acoustic calibrator, make tested array element sound field around effect under Received signal strength, by obtaining measured data after the measuring and amplifying of signal after data acquisition.The sound field of acoustic calibrator test cavity can be tested in advance, therefore can obtain the performance of tested array element.The sound field produced due to acoustic calibrator is constant, therefore for each array element of whole array, is equivalent to be in approximate free field plane-wave field.The test to whole array performance just can be realized by specific free field method of testing.
Free field test philosophy
After meeting the condition of free found field, according to the calibrating principle of free field, it is f that linear array receives a frequency in free field, and incident angle is the coordinate system that the plane wave of θ gets as shown in Figure 1, then incident plane wave can be expressed as:
p(x,z)＝p
0e
j(-kxcosθ+kzsinθ) (1)
P in formula
0for plane of incidence wave amplitude, k is free field wave number.If linear array is positioned on Z axis, then in battle array, acoustic pressure is distributed as:
p(0,z)＝p
0e
jkzsinθ (2)
Therefore, in free field, will form with the plane wave of θ angle incidence the acoustic pressure that amplitude is identical, phase place differs 2 π along battle array direction every λ/sin θ in battle array and distribute.
In order to simulation produces the free field plane-wave field of θ incidence at a certain angle in air free field, acoustic pressure in transmission must be made to distribute by formula (2) vertically.For this reason, the sound field produced at the transmitting transducer that the array element position of linear array is corresponding should meet the condition of formula (2), when different positions adopts different drive singal to realize, thus in free field, simulate the free field plane wave of specific incident angle.When with the special acoustic calibrator developed, for each by the position of array element in the linear array of school, as long as simulate the specific incident plane wave corresponding to different incidence angles and diverse location, equally also can measure sensitivity and the directive property of array.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: solve under existing calibration condition, what the test of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior faced cannot realize low-frequency test demand under free-field condition in limited water field, make the long linear array of low frequency that sound signal can be utilized in atmosphere to encourage loudspeaker to produce the sound field conditions needed for testing to the calibration of the acoustical behavior of its array element, thus realize the test to whole array acoustic performance.Utilize the mobile convenient of acoustic calibrator, can be implemented in the test to linear array acoustical behavior under laboratory or field condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is with the acoustic pressure distribution schematic diagram of the plane wave of θ angle incidence on Z axis;
Fig. 2 is test macro block diagram in the long linear array air of low frequency.
Label in accompanying drawing is respectively: acoustic calibrator 1, tested linear array 2, input pipe 3, loudspeaker 4, pressure wave chamber A5, Acoustic Wave Propagation passage 6, pressure wave chamber B7, test cavity 8, housing 9, test housing 10, sound insulating material layer 11.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 2, this device testing low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere, comprise audio-frequency generator, power amplifier, the acoustic calibrator 1 of specific sound field can be produced, measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS), wherein acoustic calibrator 1 comprises double-deck housing 9, input pipe 3 and test housing 10, pressure wave chamber A5 is provided with in double-deck housing 9, audio-frequency generator is connected to form emission coefficient by one end of the input pipe 3 of power amplifier and acoustic calibrator 1, audio signal generator produces sound signal, by exciting power amplifier, the loudspeaker 4 of acoustic calibrator 1 produces the sound field needed for test, the other end of input pipe 3 is connected with pressure wave chamber A5 by loudspeaker 4, pressure wave chamber A5 is connected with the pressure wave chamber B7 tested in housing 10 through housing 9 by Acoustic Wave Propagation passage 6, and B7 inverted round stage body structure symmetrically in pressure wave chamber is also connected with the test cavity 8 for placing tested linear array 2, tested linear array 2 through test cavity 8 make tested array element sound field around effect under Received signal strength, send data acquisition system (DAS) to by measuring amplifier after Received signal strength, by obtaining measured data after the measuring and amplifying of signal after data acquisition, tested linear array 2, measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS) form the receiving system of signal.Described test cavity 8, pressure wave chamber B7 and test housing 10 between cavity in be provided with sound insulating material layer 11.
The method of testing of the device of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior is tested in this employing of the present invention in atmosphere, and the method comprises the steps:
(1), tested linear array 2 be arranged in the test cavity 8 of acoustic calibrator 1, make the center of tested array element just to the entrant sound mouth of test cavity 8;
(2) signal, according to free field test philosophy set in advance, makes signal meet p (θ, z)=p
0e
jkzsin θcondition, the control to signal is realized by change incident angle θ, signal needed for being occurred by audio-frequency generator drives the loudspeaker 4 in acoustic calibrator 1, and the tested array element Received signal strength of tested linear array 2, by the laggard row data sampling of signal condition, and to the number of accepting and believing carry out FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the amplitude of signal and phase place, and preserve data according to content measurement;
(3) change tested array element, repeat step (1) and (2);
(4), control signal is carried out according to the rule of signal set in step (3) and change incident angle θ, and drive the loudspeaker 4 in acoustic calibrator 1, and originally for the tested array element of the tested linear array 2 of Received signal strength substitute by standard microphone, by sampling to signal after same signal condition and FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the phase and magnitude of signal, and preserve test data;
(5), each tested array element signal that tested linear array 2 receives under identical pumping signal and the signal that standard microphone is surveyed compare (the tested array element of tested linear array surround by uniform sound field, as long as utilize standard microphone to measure the size of this place's sound field, and compare with tested array element measured result), under obtaining different incidence angles condition, tested array element receives amplitude and the phase place of signal, obtains sensitivity needed for whole array and directive property parameter by becoming battle array process to linear array array element.
The air alignment device of the long linear array of whole low frequency, except needing the acoustic calibrator of special development, other equipment is all conventional equipment.A whole set of proving installation may be used for laboratory and also may be used for condition of external field.The test to sliver array acoustical behavior is realized by the single tested array element of test, whole proving installation not only can the performance of p-wire array array element, corresponding transmission signal parameters can also be set according to the test philosophy of free field and test each array element, finally obtain sensitivity and the directive property parameter of sliver array.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (3)
1. test the device of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise audio-frequency generator, power amplifier, the acoustic calibrator (1) of specific sound field can be produced, measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS), wherein acoustic calibrator (1) comprises double-deck housing (9), input pipe (3) and test housing (10), pressure wave chamber A (5) is provided with in double-deck housing (9), audio-frequency generator is connected to form emission coefficient by one end of the input pipe (3) of power amplifier and acoustic calibrator (1), audio signal generator produces sound signal, by exciting power amplifier, the loudspeaker (4) of acoustic calibrator (1) produces the sound field needed for test, the other end of input pipe (3) is connected with pressure wave chamber A (5) by loudspeaker (4), pressure wave chamber A (5) is connected with pressure wave chamber B (7) in test housing (10) through housing (9) by Acoustic Wave Propagation passage (6), and pressure wave chamber B (7) inverted round stage body structure symmetrically is also connected with the test cavity (8) for placing tested linear array (2), tested linear array (2) through test cavity (8) make tested array element sound field around effect under Received signal strength, data acquisition system (DAS) is sent to by measuring amplifier, by obtaining measured data after the measuring and amplifying of signal after data acquisition after Received signal strength, tested linear array (2), measuring amplifier and data acquisition system (DAS) form the receiving system of signal.
2. the device testing low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with sound insulating material layer (11) in described test cavity (8), pressure wave chamber B (7) and the cavity tested between housing (10).
3. adopt a method of testing of testing the device of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior in atmosphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
(1), tested linear array (2) be arranged in the test cavity (8) of acoustic calibrator (1), make the center of tested array element just to the entrant sound mouth of test cavity (8);
(2) signal, according to free field test philosophy set in advance, makes signal meet p (θ, z)=p
0e
jkzsin θcondition, the control to signal is realized by change incident angle θ, signal needed for being occurred by audio-frequency generator drives the loudspeaker (4) in acoustic calibrator (1), the tested array element Received signal strength of tested linear array (2), by the laggard row data sampling of signal condition, and to the number of accepting and believing carry out FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the amplitude of signal and phase place, and preserve data according to content measurement;
(3) change tested array element, repeat step (1) and (2);
(4), control signal is carried out according to the rule of signal set in step (3) and change incident angle θ, and drive the loudspeaker (4) in acoustic calibrator (1), and originally for the tested array element of the tested linear array (2) of Received signal strength substitute by standard microphone, by sampling to signal after same signal condition and FFT conversion, obtain the frequency of measured signal and the phase and magnitude of signal, and preserve test data;
(5), each tested array element signal that tested linear array (2) receives under identical pumping signal and the signal that standard microphone is surveyed are compared, under obtaining different incidence angles condition, tested array element receives amplitude and the phase place of signal, obtains sensitivity needed for whole array and directive property parameter by becoming battle array process to linear array array element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410414714.7A CN104237870B (en) | 2014-08-21 | The device of a kind of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior of test in atmosphere and method of testing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410414714.7A CN104237870B (en) | 2014-08-21 | The device of a kind of low frequency wire array acoustical behavior of test in atmosphere and method of testing |
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| CN104237870A true CN104237870A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CN104237870B CN104237870B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973447A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Linear hydrophone array amplitude and phase consistency measuring method |
| CN106932481A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-07 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of muffler acoustic damping characteristic test system |
| CN109443515A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Test macro and method in a kind of small size hydrophone sensitivity air |
| CN111308422A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for exciting plane wave sound field in local area of shallow sea |
| CN112556817A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | System and method for detecting amplitude consistency of low-frequency acoustic array elements in air |
| CN112630757A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Hydrophone array element consistency rapid detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5654937A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-08-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Acoustic element tester for an array of hydrophones |
| CN101793873A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-04 | 王宏伟 | Testing method of characteristics of sound vibration and point vibration of piano sound board and special equipment thereof |
| CN103017884A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Cavity body calibrating hydrophone array elements in the air |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5654937A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-08-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Acoustic element tester for an array of hydrophones |
| CN101793873A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-04 | 王宏伟 | Testing method of characteristics of sound vibration and point vibration of piano sound board and special equipment thereof |
| CN103017884A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Cavity body calibrating hydrophone array elements in the air |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973447A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Linear hydrophone array amplitude and phase consistency measuring method |
| CN106932481A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-07 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of muffler acoustic damping characteristic test system |
| CN106932481B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2023-06-16 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Muffler noise reduction characteristic test system |
| CN109443515A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Test macro and method in a kind of small size hydrophone sensitivity air |
| CN109443515B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2021-05-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | System and method for testing sensitivity of small-size hydrophone in air |
| CN111308422A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for exciting plane wave sound field in local area of shallow sea |
| CN112630757A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Hydrophone array element consistency rapid detection device |
| CN112630757B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-04-19 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Hydrophone array element uniformity rapid detection device |
| CN112556817A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | System and method for detecting amplitude consistency of low-frequency acoustic array elements in air |
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