CN104237247A - Device for detecting standard fastener by machine vision - Google Patents
Device for detecting standard fastener by machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237247A CN104237247A CN201410347298.3A CN201410347298A CN104237247A CN 104237247 A CN104237247 A CN 104237247A CN 201410347298 A CN201410347298 A CN 201410347298A CN 104237247 A CN104237247 A CN 104237247A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting a standard fastener by machine vision, wherein an indexing rotary table is arranged above a machine (5); a slide way (7) is arranged beside the indexing rotary table; a separation shifting fork (8) is arranged beside an inlet end of the slide way (7); an outlet end of the slide way (7) is bifurcated, so that a first branch channel (7a) and a second branch channel (7b) are formed; a sorting shutter (10) is arranged at the bifurcated part of the outlet end of the slide way (7); a guide rail (13) used for conveying parts is arranged on one side of the indexing rotary table; an inlet end of the guide rail (13) is higher than an outlet end of the guide rail, and the guide rail is arranged in an inclined way; the guide rail (13) is formed by a fixed conveying rail (13a) and an adjustable conveying rail (13b) which are arranged side by side. The device is simple and compact in structure, small in volume, low in cost, rapid in sorting speed, and high in degree of automation and detection efficiency, can be used for detecting various standard fasteners and is suitable for the to-be-detected parts with different specifications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pick-up unit technical field, specifically, particularly a kind of device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners.
Background technology
In recent years, utilizing machine vision technique to carry out in Quality Detection, having done large quantity research abroad, and obtaining many important achievement.Vision-based detection has the advantages such as noncontact, speed is fast, precision is high, antijamming capability is strong, important application prospect is had in modern manufacturing industry, just obtaining applying more and more widely at present in the fields such as machining accuracy detection, workpiece size measurement, Product checking, vision detection technology is solve on-line measurement problem to provide a kind of desirable means.The eighties in 20th century, NBS once did prediction on the basis of investigation: 80% of industrial detection work from now on will be completed by vision detection technology.
Based on standard fasteners, part all has a wide range of applications in many industries of the national economy such as auto industry, machinery manufacturing industry, building industry, electronics industry.Online or the final mass of standard fasteners detects and directly affects the quality of standard fasteners and the control of enterprise cost.For hex bolts, hex bolts is as the most common connection securing member of one, and its manufacturing process is: wire drawing, cold-heading, thread rolling, thermal treatment, zinc-plated or blackout etc.Wire drawing be the diameter control of wire rod steel mill produced by cold-drawn wire drawing to given size, and ensure the smooth of wire surface; Cold-heading is polished rod bolt by mould the wire rod cold-heading molding after wire drawing; Thread rolling is by the screw portion machining screw of automatic flat die thread-rolling machine at polished rod bolt; Thermal treatment eliminates cold working stress by forms such as tempering, ensures intensity and the toughness of bolt; Zinc-plated or blackout is got rusty in order to anti-, strengthens the resistance to corrosion of bolt.Each production link has corresponding detection method, to ensure the correctness of this link.From the angle of quality control, particularly important to the detection of bolt.
For a long time, the detection of hex bolts mainly relies on artificial mode, namely operating personnel measure the physical dimension of bolt every now and then with survey instrument, this manual detection method not only wastes a large amount of time and manpower, and low precision, probability that is undetected, flase drop is also very high, greatly reduces the work efficiency of enterprise and adds the labour cost of enterprise.
Existing indivedual enterprise development goes out vision-based inspection device at present, and wherein, part indexing rotary table is the important component part in this pick-up unit, and part to be checked reaches part indexing rotary table, is divided into certified products and unacceptable product after then being detected by testing agency.Investigate with reality by analysis and find, existing pick-up unit still has following deficiency:
The first, the function that testing agency can detect is less, and accommodation is narrow.Substantially, to detect with or without whether tapping, length enough etc. as thread measurement can only detect, can not double thread pitch, the whether qualified detection of thread form, and accuracy in detection is not high, still has higher faulty materials after detection.
The second, a kind of pick-up unit can only detect a kind of part, and standard fasteners enterprise generally produces various parts, as screw, nut, bolt etc., if all apply automatic detection device, the pick-up unit must buying many covers different detects, and enterprise's Productive statistics increases.
3rd, a kind of standard fasteners part has plurality of specifications, screws as different in nominal diameter, and its size difference is comparatively large, as screws such as M1.4, M4, M8, M10, M12, M20.The detection dish of existing pick-up unit need to part respective production detection dish of each specification, correspondingly when will survey different size part changes detection dish, so just causes the problems such as pick-up unit cost increases, detection efficiency is not high.
4th, existing pick-up unit just detects faulty materials, and detecting qualified part also needs 1-2 name workman to carry out bag distribution packaging, and work efficiency and the labour cost problem of enterprise thoroughly do not solve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners that a kind of detection efficiency is high, sorting speed is fast.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners, there is board (5), indexing rotary table is provided with in the top of described board (5), this indexing rotary table is by upper stepper motor (6) driven rotary of installing of board (5), the guide rail (13) of conveying parts is provided with in the side of described indexing rotary table, this guide rail (13) entrance point height endpiece low dip is arranged, and the endpiece of guide rail (13) is near described indexing rotary table, described guide rail (13) is made up of the fixing conveyor track (13a) be arranged side by side and adjustable conveyor track (13b), described fixing conveyor track (13a) is supported on board (5) by the first bracing frame (14), adjustable conveyor track (13b) is supported on board (5) by the second bracing frame (15), the bottom of the second bracing frame (15) is fixed by bolt and board (5), and the hole that the second bracing frame (15) bottom is passed through for bolt is bar hole,
The slideway (7) for accepting part is provided with on the side of described indexing rotary table, this slideway (7) entrance point height endpiece low dip is arranged, and be fixedly mounted on board (5), the disengaging yoke (8) for part being allocated to described slideway (7) is provided with on the side of described slideway (7) entrance point, this disengaging yoke (8) is positioned at the top of indexing rotary table, one end of disengaging yoke (8) is fixed on board (5) by bearing, and the other end of disengaging yoke (8) is obliquely extended to the top at indexing rotary table edge;
The endpiece bifurcated of described slideway (7) forms the first split channel (7a) and the second split channel (7b), and the sorting shutter (10) of control first split channel (7a) or the second split channel (7b) opening and closing is provided with at the crotch of slideway (7) endpiece, described sorting shutter (10) is fixed on the top of rotating shaft (9), the bottom of rotating shaft (9) is connected with the piston rod of cylinder (11), and is set with the spring (12) that can make rotating shaft (9) return in the lower end of rotating shaft (9).
Adopt above technical scheme, board, as workbench, is convenient to the parts such as the indexing rotary table of pick-up unit, disengaging yoke and is arranged; Guide rail on board is used for standard fasteners to be checked conveying, and guide rail is obliquely installed, and is conducive to standard fasteners to be checked from the slippage of trend indexing rotary table; Guide rail is made up of the fixing conveyor track be arranged side by side and adjustable conveyor track, and be supported on board by bracing frame, structure is simple on the one hand, be easy to processing and fabricating, it is firm that guide rail is installed on board, on the other hand, adjustable conveyor track can be moved by the bolt unclamped bottom the second bracing frame, to change the distance between adjustable conveyor track and fixing conveyor track, thus the needs that adaptation different batches part dimension to be checked differs, regulate not only convenient but also quick.
In the process of indexing rotary table by the stepper motor driven rotary that board is installed, the standard fasteners to be checked of locating on it is along the circumferential direction carried, part to be checked detects station by vision sensor successively, take part picture successively, whether being sent to vision-based detection recognition software system, to carry out analysis and distinguishing part qualified, and when part rotates to disengaging yoke station, disengaging yoke plays a part to stop and guide elements, part is separated with indexing rotary table, and part is allocated to slideway from indexing rotary table.Because slideway is in tilted layout, enter the part of slideway from its endpiece direction landing of trend.The above course of work is not only simple but also quick, and not only automaticity is high, and effectively improves detection efficiency.
The first split channel formed at slide egress end bifurcated is faulty materials part passage, and the second split channel is certified products part passage.The original state of sorting shutter is closed by the second split channel, first split channel is open mode, when vision-based detection identification software differentiates that current part is qualified part, cylinder promotes rotating shaft and sorting shutter rotates, and sorting shutter close first split channel, opens the second split channel, qualified part enter subpackage station after entering the second split channel again, and according to the quantity per unit pack specification set in advance, automatically package certified products, then splitting enters in certified products case; When vision-based detection identification software differentiates that current part is rejected part, cylinder is return, and spring drives rotating shaft and the revolution of sorting shutter, get back to original state, now the second split channel is closed, and the first split channel is opened, and faulty materials are entered in faulty materials case by the first split channel.Above sort process automaticity is higher, accurately and reliably, not only simplifies sort program, and greatly improves sorting speed and sorting efficiency.
Described indexing rotary table is made up of Moving plate (1) and price fixing (2), the disc structure that Moving plate (1) and price fixing (2) are equal diameters, Moving plate (1) is positioned at directly over price fixing (2), both fit fixing, circumferentially equally distributed first breach (1a) is had in the edge of described Moving plate (1), the first lug (1b) is formed between two adjacent first breach (1a), the edge of price fixing (2) has circumferentially equally distributed second breach (2a), the second lug (2b) is formed between two adjacent second breach (2a), described second breach (2a) and the first breach (1a) one_to_one corresponding, and the second breach (2a) and the first breach (1a) partly overlap, form bayonet socket (3), the inner of described part disengaging yoke (8) is positioned at the top at bayonet socket (3) inner port edge, cushion block (4) is provided with at the top of every block second lug (2b), this cushion block (4) is circumferentially uniformly distributed, described cushion block (4) is arranged in the first breach (1a), and the bayonet socket of adjacent correspondence (3), the end face of cushion block (4) and the either flush of the first lug (1b).
Moving plate and the price fixing moulding of above structure composition indexing rotary table are simple, and processing and fabricating is easy, and cost is low; And Moving plate is combined closely with price fixing, it is firm to connect, and synchronism and the stationarity of running under stepper motor drives are good.The first breach on Moving plate is overlapping with the second barbed portion on price fixing, form bayonet socket, this bayonet socket can be used for locating various standard fasteners, as screw, nut, bolt etc., versatility is good, enterprise adopts a set of pick-up unit can detect various standard fasteners, greatly reduces the equipment investment of enterprise thus.When localization criteria securing member, cushion block and Moving plate first lug common support standard fasteners, due to the end face of cushion block and the either flush of Moving plate first lug, can guarantee that standard fasteners is positioned in corresponding bayonet socket reposefully like this, effectively prevent generation that is crooked or obscission.
In order to simplify structure, be convenient to processing and fabricating, described disengaging yoke (8) is bar shaped block structure.
Can snap in smoothly in the bayonet socket of correspondence in order to ensure part to be checked, and reliably locate in bayonet socket, described bayonet socket (3) from outside to inside width reduces gradually.
In order to ensure the structural strength of Moving plate, the integral middle of described Moving plate (1) end face is formed with up-small and down-big step-like boss.
In order to ensure the structural strength of price fixing, the integral middle of described price fixing (2) bottom surface is formed with up big and down small frustum.
Between described Moving plate (1) with price fixing (2) by two circumferentially equally distributed fastening bolt be connected, the upper hole supplying fastening bolt to pass of Moving plate (1) is circular arc cylindrical void (1c), and the center of circle of this cylindrical void (1c) is on the axial line of Moving plate (1).Be connected firmly between above structure Moving plate and price fixing, reliably, dismounting is not only simple but also convenient.Because the hole that Moving plate passes for fastening bolt is circular arc cylindrical void, in time unclamping fastening bolt, Moving plate can be rotated, to change the size of each bayonet socket, thus adapt to the piece test of various outer diameter size, without the need to changing indexing rotary table during such detection different size part, while saving production cost, substantially increase detection efficiency.
In order to simplify structure, being convenient to processing and fabricating, guaranteeing the fixing be connected between cushion block with price fixing, described cushion block (4) is pane, and is fixed by welding and price fixing (2).
Enter indexing rotary table one by one in order to ensure part to be checked, the endpiece of described fixing conveyor track (13a) and adjustable conveyor track (13b) all upwards bends, and is formed with horizontal segment (13c).
Beneficial effect: structure of the present invention is simple, compact, and volume is little, and cost is low, sorting speed is fast, and automaticity is high, and detection efficiency is high, can be used for detecting various standard fasteners, and can adapt to the part to be checked of different size.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of mechanism for sorting.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the stereographic map of indexing rotary table.
Fig. 6 is the front view of indexing rotary table.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Moving plate.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of price fixing.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of guide rail.
Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 9.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, indexing rotary table is arranged on board 5, is made up of Moving plate 1 and price fixing 2.Moving plate 1 and price fixing 2 are the disc structure of equal diameters, and Moving plate 1 is positioned at directly over price fixing 2.The integral middle of described Moving plate 1 end face is formed with up-small and down-big step-like boss, the integral middle of price fixing 2 bottom surface is formed with up big and down small frustum, the bottom surface of Moving plate 1 and the end face of price fixing 2 fit, between Moving plate 1 with price fixing 2 by two circumferentially equally distributed fastening bolt be connected, the hole that Moving plate 1 passes for fastening bolt is circular arc cylindrical void 1c, and the center of circle of this cylindrical void 1c is on the axial line of Moving plate 1.Be provided with stepper motor 6 in the below of described price fixing 2, this stepper motor 6 is installed on the top of board 5.The output shaft of stepper motor 6 straight up, and is connected with the center of price fixing 2 and Moving plate 1, when stepper motor 6 operates time, whole indexing rotary table can be driven to rotate together.
As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, have circumferentially equally distributed first breach 1a in the edge of Moving plate 1, the number of the first breach 1a is determined according to actual needs, forms the first lug 1b between two adjacent first breach 1a.Circumferentially equally distributed second breach 2a is had in the edge of price fixing 2, the second lug 2b is formed between two adjacent second breach 2a, described second breach 2a and the first breach 1a one_to_one corresponding, and the second breach 2a and the first breach 1a partly overlaps, form bayonet socket 3, this bayonet socket 3 from outside to inside width reduces gradually.Be provided with cushion block 4 at the top of every block second lug 2b, this cushion block 4 is pane, and cushion block 4 is circumferentially uniformly distributed, and is fixed by welding and price fixing 2.Each cushion block 4 is arranged in the first breach 1a, and the bayonet socket 3 of adjacent correspondence, the end face of cushion block 4 and the either flush of the first lug 1b.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10, be provided with the guide rail 13 of conveying parts in the side of indexing rotary table, this guide rail 13 entrance point height endpiece low dip is arranged, and the endpiece of guide rail 13 is near described indexing rotary table.Guide rail 13 is made up of the fixing conveyor track 13a be arranged side by side and adjustable conveyor track 13b, fixes and forms rail groove between conveyor track 13a and adjustable conveyor track 13b, and the endpiece of fixing conveyor track 13a and adjustable conveyor track 13b all upwards bends, and is formed with horizontal segment 13c.Described fixing conveyor track 13a is supported on board 5 by two the first bracing frames 14, adjustable conveyor track 13b is supported on board 5 by two the second bracing frames 15, the bottom of the second bracing frame 15 is fixed by bolt and board 5, and the hole passed through for bolt bottom the second bracing frame 15 is bar hole.When unclamping the bolt bottom the second bracing frame 15, the distance between adjustable adjustable conveyor track 13b and fixing conveyor track 13a, to change the width of guide rail 13 mid-rail groove, regulates after putting in place, retorque.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, be provided with the slideway 7 for accepting part on the side of indexing rotary table, this slideway 7 is arranged in the radial direction of indexing rotary table, and presses the setting of entrance point height endpiece low dip, and slideway 7 is fixedly mounted on board 5.Be provided with the disengaging yoke 8 for part being allocated to described slideway 7 on the side of slideway 7 entrance point, this disengaging yoke 8 is positioned at the top of indexing rotary table, and is preferably bar shaped block structure.One end of disengaging yoke 8 is fixed on board 5 by bearing, and the other end of disengaging yoke 8 is obliquely extended to the top at indexing rotary table edge.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the endpiece bifurcated of slideway 7 forms the first split channel 7a and the second split channel 7b, and the first split channel 7a is faulty materials part passage, and the second split channel 7b is certified products part passage.First split channel 7a and the second split channel 7b is symmetrical, and these two split channels are all obliquely installed, and the angle of inclination of split channel is greater than the inclination angle of slideway 7.The sorting shutter 10 of control first split channel 7a or the second split channel 7b opening and closing is provided with at the endpiece of slideway 7, described sorting shutter 10 is fixed on the top of rotating shaft 9, the bottom of rotating shaft 9 is connected with the piston rod of cylinder 11, and cylinder 11 is arranged on board 5, and is positioned at the below of slideway 7.Be set with the spring 12 that can make rotating shaft 9 return in the lower end of described rotating shaft 9, sort shutter 10 time initial and closed by second split channel 7b, the first split channel 7a opens; When handover is needed, cylinder 11 promotes rotating shaft 9 and sorting shutter 10 rotates, and sorting shutter 10 closes the first split channel 7a, opens the second split channel 7b; When cylinder 11 is return, spring 12 drives rotating shaft 9 and sorting shutter 10 to turn round, and get back to original state, now the second split channel 7b closes, and the first split channel 7a opens.
Claims (9)
1. one kind utilizes the device of Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners, there is board (5), it is characterized in that: be provided with indexing rotary table in the top of described board (5), this indexing rotary table is by upper stepper motor (6) driven rotary of installing of board (5), the guide rail (13) of conveying parts is provided with in the side of described indexing rotary table, this guide rail (13) entrance point height endpiece low dip is arranged, and the endpiece of guide rail (13) is near described indexing rotary table, described guide rail (13) is made up of the fixing conveyor track (13a) be arranged side by side and adjustable conveyor track (13b), described fixing conveyor track (13a) is supported on board (5) by the first bracing frame (14), adjustable conveyor track (13b) is supported on board (5) by the second bracing frame (15), the bottom of the second bracing frame (15) is fixed by bolt and board (5), and the hole that the second bracing frame (15) bottom is passed through for bolt is bar hole,
The slideway (7) for accepting part is provided with on the side of described indexing rotary table, this slideway (7) entrance point height endpiece low dip is arranged, and be fixedly mounted on board (5), the disengaging yoke (8) for part being allocated to described slideway (7) is provided with on the side of described slideway (7) entrance point, this disengaging yoke (8) is positioned at the top of indexing rotary table, one end of disengaging yoke (8) is fixed on board (5) by bearing, and the other end of disengaging yoke (8) is obliquely extended to the top at indexing rotary table edge;
The endpiece bifurcated of described slideway (7) forms the first split channel (7a) and the second split channel (7b), and the sorting shutter (10) of control first split channel (7a) or the second split channel (7b) opening and closing is provided with at the crotch of slideway (7) endpiece, described sorting shutter (10) is fixed on the top of rotating shaft (9), the bottom of rotating shaft (9) is connected with the piston rod of cylinder (11), and is set with the spring (12) that can make rotating shaft (9) return in the lower end of rotating shaft (9).
2. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described indexing rotary table is made up of Moving plate (1) and price fixing (2), the disc structure that Moving plate (1) and price fixing (2) are equal diameters, Moving plate (1) is positioned at directly over price fixing (2), both fit fixing, circumferentially equally distributed first breach (1a) is had in the edge of described Moving plate (1), the first lug (1b) is formed between two adjacent first breach (1a), the edge of price fixing (2) has circumferentially equally distributed second breach (2a), the second lug (2b) is formed between two adjacent second breach (2a), described second breach (2a) and the first breach (1a) one_to_one corresponding, and the second breach (2a) and the first breach (1a) partly overlap, form bayonet socket (3), the inner of described part disengaging yoke (8) is positioned at the top at bayonet socket (3) inner port edge, cushion block (4) is provided with at the top of every block second lug (2b), this cushion block (4) is circumferentially uniformly distributed, described cushion block (4) is arranged in the first breach (1a), and the bayonet socket of adjacent correspondence (3), the end face of cushion block (4) and the either flush of the first lug (1b).
3. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described disengaging yoke (8) is bar shaped block structure.
4. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bayonet socket (3) from outside to inside width reduces gradually.
5. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 2 or 4, is characterized in that: the integral middle of described Moving plate (1) end face is formed with up-small and down-big step-like boss.
6. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the integral middle of described price fixing (2) bottom surface is formed with up big and down small frustum.
7. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: between described Moving plate (1) with price fixing (2) by two circumferentially equally distributed fastening bolt be connected, the upper hole supplying fastening bolt to pass of Moving plate (1) is circular arc cylindrical void (1c), and the center of circle of this cylindrical void (1c) is on the axial line of Moving plate (1).
8. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described cushion block (4) is pane, and is fixed by welding and price fixing (2).
9. the device utilizing Machine Vision Detection standard fasteners according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the endpiece of described fixing conveyor track (13a) and adjustable conveyor track (13b) all upwards bends, be formed with horizontal segment (13c).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410347298.3A CN104237247A (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | Device for detecting standard fastener by machine vision |
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| CN112387618A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-23 | 宋莹莹 | Waterproof coiled material storage and collection device and working method thereof |
| CN115236086A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | 华南农业大学 | Polyhedral workpiece visual detection equipment |
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