A kind of pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pavement detection instrument, more specifically relate to pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester.
Background technology
Pavement structure interlayer shear resistance refers to the structure shearing resistance breakdown strength of top course interlayer, basic unit's interlayer or surface layer and basic unit's interlayer.The test of pavement structure interlayer shear resistance is the important means that road pavement performance carries out assessing, but the at present conventional shear strength test instrument used Shortcomings in following: road surface, the shear stress that bridge deck structure layer bears, especially road surface is parallel to, the shear stress of bridge deck surfaces, mainly because vehicle is in normal traveling, cause when unexpected startup and brake, and now vehicular load still road pavement have larger pressure at right angle, the effect of this pressure at right angle will produce material impact to the shear resistance between structural sheet, and this impact can along with road, the change of bridge top rake and changing.Shear stress produces at vertical road wheel load with under being parallel to road surface load acting in conjunction.Vehicle start and brake time road pavement load not only perpendicular to the Normal stress on road surface, load is passed on the top layer being parallel to road surface in addition, and its normal orientation with road surface at an angle, is 90 ° during vehicle level traveling.Pavement structure interlayer shear strength test instrument of the prior art is all Normal stress for the load that test specimen applies, or Normal stress is not set, be to suppose that road surface is in premised on horizontality, road surface as shown in Figure 9 cannot be simulated, loading process when bridge floor is in different top rake.
The upper layer of test specimen is fixed by the pavement structure interlayer shear strength test instrument of current use, cutting optimal slip carrying out horizontal is pulled to load, namely pull the cutting optimal on road surface or go to a grassroots level, but in fact, wheel load is the upper layer directly contacting road surface, its perpendicular to or the load that is parallel to road surface transmitted to lower floor by top layer, the shear stress that road surface produces is then caused by road surface centering, cutting optimal effect, obviously, existing test method is not the stressing conditions on actual road surface.
The pavement structure interlayer shear strength test instrument of current use utilizes the vertical flat board that loads to apply Normal stress, therefore there is larger friction force between showing in and road dull and stereotyped in vertical loading, according to pulling the slip of road surface to simulate the load being parallel to road surface, the existence because of friction force is finally caused to bring comparatively big error even mistake to experimental result.
Generally speaking, the structural sheet on road surface is followed successively by upper layer, middle surface layer, cutting optimal and upper basic unit from top to bottom and goes to a grassroots level, shear test needs to carry out between variant structural sheet, comprise the shear test between cutting optimal and upper basic unit, shear test etc. between upper layer and middle surface layer, but the pavement structure interlayer shear strength test instrument used at present can not meet the requirement carrying out testing between different structure layer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point for avoiding existing for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester is provided, to can road surface under certain angle condition of real simulation road or bridge and bridge floor shear property, load while taking into account the slip of road crust and vertical load, reduce the cancellation level because of the friction force caused by surface layer slip loading tensile and vertical load, improve simulation precision.
The present invention is that technical solution problem adopts following technical scheme:
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is:
Arranging shearing die is that diaphragm capsule is fixed in the bottom arranged by split and top shearing die sleeve is formed, test specimen fixed placement is fixed in diaphragm capsule in described bottom, the either flush of diaphragm capsule is fixed in the shear surface of described test specimen and bottom, described top is sheared die sleeve and is solidly set on the shear layer of test specimen, and the bottom surface that die sleeve is sheared on top is concordant with the shear surface of test specimen;
Described bottom is fixed the fixed angle of diaphragm capsule in support platform and can be regulated, and to make the upper surface of described test specimen by being set as in level, or is horizontal by included angle A;
Arrange pull bar, provide pulling force to implement to shear with described pull bar in the side of described top shearing die sleeve, the axis of described pull bar is parallel with the upper surface of described test specimen, and the rate of extension of described pull bar and pulling force can be adjusted to setting value;
Arrange and vertically load wheel, vertical loading wheel free to rotate is arranged on the bottom of vertical load bar, and described vertical load bar is provided with displacement transducer, and described vertical loading wheel utilizes the given vertical pressure of vertical load bar to be butted on the upper surface of test specimen.
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is also:
Arrange a lifting table, described pull bar is hinged on described lifting table with pull bar afterbody, and by the height of described lifting table adjusting yoke afterbody, pull bar front end is fixedly connected on the sidepiece that die sleeve is sheared on described top.
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is also:
Arranging the supporting construction of fixing diaphragm capsule in described bottom is: described bottom is fixed diaphragm capsule and propped up by support bar and stand in support platform, and bottom and the described support platform of described support bar are hinged, and the top of support bar is fixedly connected on the bottom that diaphragm capsule is fixed in bottom; Described bottom fix diaphragm capsule bottom, be in described support bar diverse location on be hinged with length-adjustable hound, the bottom of described hound is hinged in described support platform, the length of described hound is regulated by setting, to make the upper surface of described test specimen be in level, or be in horizontal by included angle A.
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is also:
Take transversal section as the compound rut plate of rectangle be test specimen, arranging the version of fixing diaphragm capsule in described bottom is: a pair " L " shape side plate is staggered relatively and at two ends docking formation one rectangle frame, described rectangle frame is placed on a supporting plate, described supporting plate is formed with sidepiece rib in the left and right sides, formed spacing with described sidepiece rib in the left and right sides to described rectangle frame, fix the base plate of diaphragm capsule using described supporting plate as bottom, described support bar and hound are connected with described supporting plate; Test specimen is positioned at the bottom be made up of described rectangle frame and supporting plate and fixes in diaphragm capsule, and it is to be solidly set on the rectangle frame on described test specimen shear layer that die sleeve is sheared on the top of supporting setting.
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is also:
Take transversal section as the brill core of circle be test specimen, arranging described bottom, to fix diaphragm capsule be hypomere cylinder fixture, described hypomere cylinder fixture is placed on a supporting plate, described supporting plate is set to cylindrical concave station at its end face center position, described hypomere cylinder fixture is positioned in described cylindrical concave station, fix the base plate of diaphragm capsule using described supporting plate as bottom, described support bar and hound are connected with described supporting plate; Test specimen is positioned at the bottom be made up of described hypomere cylinder fixture and supporting plate and fixes in diaphragm capsule, and it is the epimere cylinder fixture that can be solidly set on described test specimen shear layer that die sleeve is sheared on the top of supporting setting.
Pavement structure interlayer shear strength tester of the present invention, its design feature is also:
The closed box that set temperature is controlled, described shearing die and the vertical wheel that loads are placed in described closed box.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, real simulation road of the present invention or the road surface of bridge under certain longitudinal gradient angle conditions, bridge floor shear property, can meet existing whole road, bridge Longitudinal Slope Design condition and shop experiment simulated conditions completely by the gradient scope arranging 0-60 °;
2, the present invention adopts the load mode pulling road surface superstructure, be equipped with simultaneously and vertically load wheel, load while having taken into account the slip of road crust and vertical load, closing to reality operating mode more, and greatly slackened the error that Traditional Method brings to the friction force loaded between dull and stereotyped and test specimen, improve simulation precision.
3, the present invention supporting arrange different bottom solid model boxes and top shear die sleeve go for different pavement and thickness shearing, comprise compound rut plate, the square test specimen of i.e. 300mm × 300mm × 100mm, and the on-the-spot any thickness cylinder specimen boring core, φ=100mm;
4, comprehensive simulated road surface of the present invention force-bearing situation, arranging top shear mode is enclosed within corresponding test specimen shear layer, on-the-spot shear test of boring core different-thickness and different layers position can be met, evaluated by shear test road pavement interlayer structure and material shear behavior.
5, according to load mode of the present invention, supporting environmental cabinet is set, and the temperature controled environment in case, vertical load can be realized, be parallel to the three of road surface load and temperature coupling, this vibrational power flow fully meets the environment for use on road surface, make shear test road pavement interlayer structure and material can carry out Accurate Assessment, for engineering practice provides data more accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is test mode schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is shearing die schematic front view in the present invention;
Fig. 3 b is shearing die schematic side view in the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is that diaphragm capsule schematic front view is fixed in middle and lower part of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is that diaphragm capsule schematic top plan view is fixed in middle and lower part of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that die sleeve schematic front view is sheared in middle and upper part of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is hypomere cylinder fixture schematic front view in the present invention;
Fig. 7 a is epimere cylinder fixture schematic front view in the present invention;
Fig. 7 b is epimere cylinder fixture schematic top plan view in the present invention;
Fig. 8 a is pavement structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 b and Fig. 8 c is the shearing die schematic diagram of different shear layers;
Fig. 9 is that automotive wheels travels mechanics principle figure on the slope;
Number in the figure: diaphragm capsule is fixed in 1 bottom, 11a is " L " shape side plate, 11b supporting plate, 11c sidepiece rib, 12a hypomere cylinder fixture, the cylindrical concave station of 12b, 12c epimere cylinder fixture, and die sleeve is sheared on 2 tops; 3 support platforms, 3a angle index, 4 pull bars, 5 vertically load wheel, 6 vertical load bars, 7 lifting tables, 7a scale mark, 8 support bars, 9 hounds, 10 closed boxes, 11 pull bar control boxs, 12 temperature control boxs, 13 vertical Loading Control modules, 14 electric heaters.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, between road surface structare layer, the vibrational power flow of shear strength tester is:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, arranging shearing die is that diaphragm capsule 1 is fixed in the bottom arranged by split and top shearing die sleeve 2 is formed, test specimen fixed placement is fixed in diaphragm capsule 1 in bottom, the either flush of diaphragm capsule is fixed in the shear surface of test specimen and bottom, top is sheared die sleeve and is solidly set on the shear layer of test specimen, and the bottom surface that die sleeve is sheared on top is concordant with the shear surface of test specimen; Bottom is fixed the fixed angle of diaphragm capsule 1 in support platform 3 and can be regulated, and to make the upper surface of test specimen by being set as in level, or is horizontal by included angle A; Arrange pull bar 4, provide pulling force to implement to shear with pull bar 4 in the side of top shearing die sleeve 2, the axis of pull bar 4 is parallel with the upper surface of test specimen, and the rate of extension of pull bar 4 and pulling force can be adjusted to setting value; Arrange vertical loading wheel 5, vertical loading wheel 5 free to rotate is arranged on the bottom of vertical load bar 6, and vertical load bar 6 is provided with displacement transducer, and the vertical wheel 5 that loads utilizes the given vertical pressure of vertical load bar 6 to be butted on the upper surface of test specimen.
In concrete enforcement, corresponding vibrational power flow also comprises:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, arrange lifting table 7, pull bar 4 is hinged on lifting table 7 with pull bar afterbody, and by the height of lifting table 7 adjusting yoke afterbody, pull bar front end is fixedly connected on the sidepiece that die sleeve 2 is sheared on top.
As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, arranging the supporting construction of fixing diaphragm capsule 1 in bottom is: bottom is fixed diaphragm capsule 1 and stood in support platform 3 by support bar 8, bottom and the support platform 3 of support bar 8 are hinged, and the top of support bar 8 is fixedly connected on the bottom that diaphragm capsule 1 is fixed in bottom; Bottom fix diaphragm capsule 1 bottom, be in support bar 8 diverse location on be hinged with length-adjustable hound 9, the bottom of hound 9 is hinged in support platform 3, regulate the length of hound 9 by setting, to make the upper surface of test specimen be in level, or be in horizontal by included angle A.
As shown in figures 4 a and 4b, be test specimen for taking transversal section as the compound rut plate of rectangle, arranging the version of fixing diaphragm capsule 1 in bottom is: a pair " L " shape side plate 11a is staggered relatively and at two ends docking formation one rectangle frame, rectangle frame is placed on a supporting plate 11b, supporting plate 11b is formed with sidepiece rib 11c in the left and right sides, formed spacing with sidepiece rib 11c in the left and right sides to rectangle frame, fix the base plate of diaphragm capsule 1 using supporting plate 11b as bottom, support bar 8 and hound 9 are connected with supporting plate 11b; Test specimen is positioned at the bottom be made up of rectangle frame and supporting plate 11b and fixes in diaphragm capsule 1; As shown in Figure 5, die sleeve 2 is sheared on the top of supporting setting is to be solidly set on the rectangle frame on test specimen shear layer.
As shown in Fig. 4 b and Fig. 6, be test specimen for the brill core taking transversal section as circle, arrange bottom to fix diaphragm capsule 1 there is hypomere cylinder fixture 12a, hypomere cylinder fixture 12a is placed on supporting plate 11b, cylindrical concave station 12b is set at the end face center position of supporting plate 11b, hypomere cylinder fixture 12a is positioned in cylindrical concave station 12b, fixes the base plate of diaphragm capsule 1 using supporting plate 11b as bottom, and support bar 8 and hound 9 are connected with supporting plate 11b; Test specimen is positioned at the bottom be made up of hypomere cylinder fixture 12a and supporting plate 11b and fixes in diaphragm capsule 1; As shown in figs. 7 a and 7b, die sleeve 2 is sheared on the top of supporting setting is the epimere cylinder fixture 12c that can be solidly set on test specimen shear layer;
As shown in Figure 1, regulating, arranging closed box 10 to realize temperature, shearing die and the vertical wheel 5 that loads are placed in closed box 10.
In the pavement structure shown in Fig. 8 a, from end face to bottom surface successively each layer be respectively: road surface 1A, general thickness is 40mm; Surface layer 1B in road surface, general thickness is 60mm; Road surface cutting optimal 1C, general thickness is about 80mm; Basic unit 2A on road surface, general thickness is 360mm; Go to a grassroots level 2B on road surface, is generally 200mm.
The height of the epimere cylinder fixture in shearing die shown in Fig. 8 b and hypomere cylinder fixture distribute be by with road surface 1A for shearing aspect is arranged; It is arrange by forming shearing aspect between basic unit 2A on road surface cutting optimal 1C and road surface that the height of the epimere cylinder fixture in shearing die shown in Fig. 8 c and hypomere cylinder fixture distributes.
In addition, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in order to accurately adjust the surficial inclination of test specimen, i.e. the simulated roadway gradient, can mark angle index 3a in support platform 3, and arranges angle indicator, for characterizing road gradient in the bottom correspondence of support bar 8; Meanwhile, this road gradient is demarcated correspondingly at the top of lifting table 7 and pull bar afterbody, specifically scale mark 7a is set at the top of lifting table 7, tuning drive gear is set at pull bar afterbody; Supporting setting can also comprise each control module, pull bar control box 11 as shown in Figure 1, temperature control box 12 and vertical load bar control module 13, automatically loads and test process to complete.
Coordinate adjustment support bar 8 hound 9 can obtain the road surface inclination alpha of setting, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 9, this angle directly reads by angle index.
Vertical Loading Control module 13 adjusts the vertical loading position loading wheel 5 by vertical load bar 6, makes vertically to load wheel 5 and connects with the upper surface of test specimen and contact; Adjustment lifting table 7 makes pull bar 4 remain parallel with the upper surface of test specimen.
In temperature control box 12, refrigeration system is set, by being arranged on the electric heater 14 in closed box 10, or make by the refrigeration system be arranged in temperature control box 12 temperature reaching setting in closed box 10, can make to test in the temperature environment set in test specimen.
The test of pavement structure interlayer shear resistance utilizes the vertical wheel that loads to implement vertical loading, pull bar and shearing die is utilized to implement to shear to test specimen, record relevant test data, comprising: shear area A, chamber probe temperature T etc. between vertical load P, surface layer rate of extension v, stretching maximal force F and maximum displacement value S, supercrust.
For under different shear test block shape, vertical load, probe temperature, rate of extension condition, pavement structure interlayer shear resistance τ, adopts following formula to be calculated: τ=F/A.
Basic parameter is arranged:
The long 500mm of closed box size, wide 500mm, high 1200mm;
Temperature in closed box is arranged :-20 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, precision is ± 1 DEG C;
The surficial inclination of test specimen: 0 ~ 60 °;
Pull bar: loading force: 0 ~ 50KN, precision ± 0.1KN, loading speed: 10mm/min ~ 50mm/min, precision ± 1.0mm/min;
Vertical loading wheel: lifting: 0-500mm, vertical pressure: 0 ~ 50KN, precision ± 0.1KN.