CN104236715B - A kind of light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot and device - Google Patents
A kind of light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104236715B CN104236715B CN201410494537.8A CN201410494537A CN104236715B CN 104236715 B CN104236715 B CN 104236715B CN 201410494537 A CN201410494537 A CN 201410494537A CN 104236715 B CN104236715 B CN 104236715B
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Abstract
This case discloses a kind of light beam polarization state space distribution measurement method in focal spot, including: 1) incident beam is reflexed to object lens by scanning galvanometer, then pass through object lens and converge to object focal point place；2) standard detection sample is placed on the focal plane of object lens, allows the light assembled by object lens be radiated on standard detection sample, standard detection sample is provided with three gold nanorods that major axis is placed along x, y and z three-dimensional；Wherein, scanning galvanometer is by the mobile reflection path changing incident beam so that all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample；3) light that the backscatter of standard detection sample is returned wears back described object lens, received by photo-detector again, to form the optical imagery of standard detection sample, described optical imagery represents the focal point light beam polarization state component in three directions of x, y, z respectively, the relative intensity of described three components be distributed the polarization state space distribution of the focal spot determining object lens.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring method of a kind of vector beam character, particularly to a kind of light beam polarization state space distribution measurement method in focal spot and device.
Background technology
Utilize based on the vectorial field dynamic regulation of position phase and Polarization Modulation, beam shaping, optical micro-manipulation, surface phasmon excite with Electromagnetic enhancement etc. in have important application, and can be applicable to the fields such as the regulation and control of full light, quantum communications, sensing and imaging.In the process of regulation and control, the measurement of vector beam character is requisite link, including amplitude, phase place, polarization state etc..Wherein, the common detection methods of polarization state is to utilize polaroid to coordinate as the polarizer and analyzer, and detection is perpendicular to polarized component in the plane of direction of beam propagation.But for radial polarisation, angular polarization isovector light beam, and vector light beam focusing focal point, its polarization state is more complicated, is not only limited in the plane in vertical transmission direction, utilizes polaroid inspection can not meet requirement.
According to scattering theory and surface plasmon resonance effect, when particle size reaches optical wavelength magnitude, scattering of light effect is no longer the diffuse-reflectance effect of macroscopic view by microgranule.Especially, when microgranule has certain length-width ratio, when being formed bar-shaped, when the electric field oscillation direction of light wave is consistent with the long axis direction of gold nanorods, gold nanorods surface can produce strong plasma resonance.
At present, to radially, the forming apparatus of angular polarized beam and technique study more, in addition, in prior art, utilize the angular polarized light after the gold nanorods detection modulation of random distribution, qualitative demonstrating polarization state, also including by test beams being distributed close to focal spot polarization state, thus extrapolating the polarization state of focal spot.But there is not yet and light beam is distributed detection by quantitative in the polarization state of focal spot.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention provides a kind of for detecting the detection method that light beam is distributed at the polarization state space of focal spot, the technical problem to be solved also resides in a kind of reasonable in design of offer, perfect in shape and function, can realize the light beam polarization state space apparatus for measuring distribution in focal spot of detection by quantitative.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, wherein, and including:
1) incident beam is reflexed to object lens by scanning galvanometer, then pass through object lens and converge to object focal point place；
2) standard detection sample is placed on the focal plane of object lens, allows the light assembled by object lens be radiated on standard detection sample, described standard detection sample is provided with three gold nanorods that major axis is placed along x, y and z three-dimensional；
Wherein, described scanning galvanometer makes all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample by the mobile reflection path changing incident beam；
3) light that the backscatter of standard detection sample is returned wears back described object lens, received by photo-detector again, to form the optical imagery of standard detection sample, described optical imagery represents the focal point light beam polarization state component in three directions of x, y, z respectively, the relative intensity of described three components be distributed the polarization state space distribution of the focal spot determining object lens.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, described incident beam first passes through beam splitter and carries out light splitting, is divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, takes reflection beam propagation therein extremely described scanning galvanometer.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, wherein, after the described back scattered light of standard detection sample wears back described object lens, first reflected by described scanning galvanometer, then pass through this beam splitter and carry out light splitting, be also divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, take transmission light therein and propagate to described photo-detector.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, described standard detection sample is arranged on displacement platform, described displacement platform is provided with the driving mechanism that can move in the x-direction with y direction, further such that all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample；
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, wherein, it is additionally provided with intermediate lens between described scanning galvanometer and object lens, image is amplified by described intermediate lens together with object lens, described incident beam initially passes through described intermediate lens by scanning galvanometer after being reflected, then arrives object lens.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, the described back scattered light of standard detection sample first passes through described intermediate lens, then reflected by described scanning galvanometer after wearing back described object lens.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, wherein, the described back scattered light of standard detection sample carries out the transmission light after light splitting through this beam splitter and first passes around loop lens and be focused at pin hole place, then propagates to described photo-detector through pin hole.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, described pin hole is arranged on pinhole plate, and described pinhole plate is arranged on the focal plane of described loop lens.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, in described three gold nanorods, the gold nanorods placed along the z-axis direction is identical with the optical axis direction of object lens.
Light beam disclosed by the invention provides the benefit that at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot: surface plasma strengthens principle and is applied to the measurement of focal point light polarization, sample is detected by Criterion, can determine that the quantitative relationship between the light field polarized component of its reflection, experiment that the present invention proposes, detection by quantitative light beam, in the method for focal point polarization state intensity, can be applicable to actually detected beam properties after vector regulation and control light beam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the detection light path schematic diagram in the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot of the light beam described in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that the light beam described in one embodiment of the invention detects the gold nanorods scattergram in sample at the polarization state space distribution measurement method Plays of focal spot；
Fig. 3 is the gold nanorods image that the major axis in the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot of the light beam described in one embodiment of the invention is positioned at x direction；
Fig. 4 is the gold nanorods image that the major axis in the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot of the light beam described in one embodiment of the invention is positioned at y direction；
Fig. 5 is the gold nanorods image that the major axis in the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot of the light beam described in one embodiment of the invention is positioned at z direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to description word.
A kind of light beam, at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, consults Fig. 1, including:
1) incident beam 1 is reflexed to object lens 6 by scanning galvanometer 3, then pass through object lens and converge to object focal point place；
2) standard detection sample 7 is placed on the focal plane of object lens, allows the light assembled by object lens be radiated on standard detection sample, consult Fig. 2, described standard detection sample is provided with three gold nanorods that major axis is placed along x, y and z three-dimensional；
Wherein, described scanning galvanometer can make all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample by the mobile reflection path changing incident beam, it is also possible to make all positions of reflection light traversal detection sample by moving described detection sample simultaneously.We this can be reflected light transmission object lens after convergent point be called scanning light spot；
3) containing the polarized light in three directions of x, y and z in scanning light spot, our purpose seeks to the value of the polarized light in quantitative analysis these three direction.Character according to gold nanorods, when scanning light spot is irradiated on gold nanorods, gold nanorods surface can produce strong plasma resonance, only just by gold nanorods scattering, and can be absorbed by gold nanorods with the long axis direction of gold nanorods (namely axial) inconsistent polarized light with the long axis direction of gold nanorods (namely axial) consistent polarized light.
Such as, when scanning light spot is swept and first retouched gold nanorods that major axis is positioned at z direction, gold nanorods the scattering polarization direction in z direction is the polarized light of z, and the polarized light of scattering returns to photo-detector 11 by object lens.Photo-detector 11 is determined at this bundle scanning light spot polarization light value in z direction according to the polarized light that the gold nanorods scattering in the z direction received is returned.And it practice, the polarized light that the scattering that photo-detector 11 receives is returned is exactly major axis is positioned at the gold nanorods imaging in z direction, the namely optical imagery of polarization direction z.Then, when this bundle scanning light spot continues to scan on the gold nanorods that major axis is positioned at x direction, gold nanorods the scattering polarization direction in x direction is the polarized light of x, and the polarized light of scattering returns to photo-detector 11 by object lens.Photo-detector 11 is determined at this bundle scanning light spot polarization light value in x direction according to the polarized light that the gold nanorods scattering in the x direction received is returned.And it practice, the polarized light that the scattering that photo-detector 11 receives is returned is exactly major axis is positioned at the gold nanorods imaging in x direction, the namely optical imagery of polarization direction x.Then, when this bundle scanning light spot continues to scan on the gold nanorods that major axis is positioned at y direction, gold nanorods the scattering polarization direction in y direction is the polarized light of y, and the polarized light of scattering returns to photo-detector 11 by object lens.Photo-detector 11 is determined at this bundle scanning light spot polarization light value in y direction according to the polarized light that the gold nanorods scattering in the y direction received is returned.And it practice, the polarized light that the scattering that photo-detector 11 receives is returned is exactly major axis is positioned at the gold nanorods imaging in y direction, the namely optical imagery of polarization direction y.Thus can measure the polarization light value in three directions of x, y and z in this scanning light spot.
Consult Fig. 3-5, respectively major axis is positioned at certain image of described gold nanorods in x, y, z direction, namely the polarized light of focal point light beam is to described standard detection sample imaging, Fig. 3-5 each can represent the focal point light beam polarization state component in three directions of x, y, z, it is distributed by the relative intensity of described three components, analytical calculation can go out the intensity of focal point light polarization in spatial distribution, it is achieved the quantitative measurement of focal point hot spot polarization state space distribution.
On above principle of the invention basis, it is also possible to have many deformation.
The present invention can also include situations below, and described incident beam first passes through beam splitter 2 and carries out light splitting, is divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, takes reflection beam propagation therein extremely described scanning galvanometer.
Further, first the described back scattered light of standard detection sample reflected by described scanning galvanometer after wearing back described object lens, then passes through described beam splitter and carries out light splitting, it is also divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, takes transmission light therein and propagate to described photo-detector.
The present invention can also include situations below, and described standard detection sample is arranged on displacement platform, and described displacement platform is provided with the driving mechanism that can move in the x-direction with y direction, further such that all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample；Wherein, the amplitude moved due to hot spot self is bigger, and amplitude that displacement platform moves is less, so treating that hot spot moves to a position, then in the certain limit of this position, the position of described standard detection sample is finely tuned by displacement platform, i.e. scanning galvanometer and displacement platform combined effect so that the relative gold nanorods pointwise progressive scan of hot spot.
Preferably, described light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, and wherein, described pin hole is arranged on pinhole plate, and described pinhole plate is arranged on the focal plane of described loop lens.
Further, being additionally provided with intermediate lens 4 and 5 between described scanning galvanometer and object lens, image is amplified by described intermediate lens together with object lens, and described incident beam initially passes through described intermediate lens by scanning galvanometer after being reflected, then arrives object lens.
Further, the described back scattered light of standard detection sample first passes through described intermediate lens, then is reflected by described scanning galvanometer after wearing back described object lens.
The present invention can also include situations below, and the described back scattered light of standard detection sample carries out the transmission light after light splitting through described beam splitter and first passes around loop lens 9 and be focused at pin hole place, then propagates to described photo-detector through pin hole.
Further, described pin hole 10 is arranged on pinhole plate, and described pinhole plate is arranged on the focal plane of described loop lens.
Further, also including situations below, in described three gold nanorods, the gold nanorods placed along the z-axis direction is identical with objective lens optical axis direction, say, that light is projected on sample by z direction.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but listed utilization that it is not restricted in description and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, it is easily achieved other amendment, therefore, under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited to specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (9)
1. a light beam is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that including:
1) incident beam is reflexed to object lens by scanning galvanometer, then pass through object lens and converge to object focal point place；
2) standard detection sample is placed on the focal plane of object lens, allows the light assembled by object lens be radiated on standard detection sample, described standard detection sample is provided with three gold nanorods that major axis is placed along x, y and z three-dimensional；
Wherein, described scanning galvanometer makes all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample by the mobile reflection path changing incident beam；
3) light that the backscatter of standard detection sample is returned wears back described object lens, received by photo-detector again, to form the optical imagery of standard detection sample, described optical imagery represents the focal point light beam polarization state component in three directions of x, y, z respectively, the relative intensity of described three components be distributed the polarization state space distribution of the focal spot determining object lens.
2. light beam as claimed in claim 1 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
Described incident beam first passes through beam splitter and carries out light splitting, is divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, takes reflection beam propagation therein extremely described scanning galvanometer.
3. light beam as claimed in claim 2 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
First the described back scattered light of standard detection sample reflected by described scanning galvanometer after wearing back described object lens, then passes through this beam splitter and carries out light splitting, is also divided into through Beam and a branch of reflection light, takes transmission light therein and propagates to described photo-detector.
4. light beam as claimed in claim 3 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
Described standard detection sample is arranged on displacement platform, and described displacement platform is provided with the driving mechanism that can move in the x-direction with y direction, further such that all positions of reflection light traversal standard detection sample.
5. light beam as claimed in claim 4 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
Being additionally provided with intermediate lens between described scanning galvanometer and object lens, image is amplified by described intermediate lens together with object lens, and described incident beam initially passes through described intermediate lens by scanning galvanometer after being reflected, then arrives object lens.
6. light beam as claimed in claim 5 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
The described back scattered light of standard detection sample first passes through described intermediate lens, then is reflected by described scanning galvanometer after wearing back described object lens.
7. light beam as claimed in claim 6 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterized in that, the described back scattered light of standard detection sample carries out the transmission light after light splitting through this beam splitter and first passes around loop lens and be focused at pin hole place, then propagates to described photo-detector through pin hole.
8. light beam as claimed in claim 7 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that described pin hole is arranged on pinhole plate, and described pinhole plate is arranged on the focal plane of described loop lens.
9. light beam as claimed in claim 6 is at the polarization state space distribution measurement method of focal spot, it is characterised in that
In described three gold nanorods, the gold nanorods placed along the z-axis direction is identical with the optical axis direction of object lens.
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| CN107515047B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-08-30 | 鲁东大学 | Detect the device and method of sub-wavelength dimensions multifocal hot spot polarization orientation |
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