CN104235318A

CN104235318A - Universal speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN104235318A
Application number: CN201310224905.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏九洲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-06-07
Filing date: 2013-06-07
Publication date: 2014-12-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a universal speed reducer. The universal speed reducer can be used for speed reduction and also can be used for universal joint drive. The curtate hypocycloid spherical gear drive technology is used, and original conical gear drive can be replaced; the first-level drive ratio can exceed one hundred; drive power can exceed kilo watts; the size of the universal speed reducer is several tenths of the size of a common speed reducer of the same power. The angle of an output shaft and the angle of an input shaft can be changed anytime to perform drive; an intersection angle of the output shaft and the input shaft can be changed anytime within 60 degrees. The speed reducer can be widely used for fields of aviation, steamships, automobiles, metallurgy, chemical engineering, machines and power generation. On the basis of the principle, an eccentric shaft (4) drives an eccentric ball (1) to rotate, the eccentric ball (1) drives a ball (B1) to rotate, and then the ball (B1) drives a curtate hypocycloid spherical gear to rotate. When the eccentric shaft rotates by one circle, the curtate hypocycloid spherical gear rotates by one circle.

Description

Universal speed reducer

Technical field: a kind of speed reducer-universal speed reducer.

Background technique: the transmission between two cone gears is involute external gear driving, the transmission of theoretical ideal it is believed that it is sphere transmission, but cannot manufacture.In fact, people are wrong, and the sphere transmission of involute cone gear is non-existent.But the sphere transmission of reality is objective reality, and available low cost manufacture realizes, just this transmission is not traditional Bevel Gear Drive and principle, comprises spur bevel gear, helical bevel gear, arc tooth conical gear, overlikon spiral bevel gear, curved tooth zerol bevel gear, cycloid tooth zerol bevel gear, hypoid gear, but a kind of brand-new gear and brand-new engagement driving principle.

Summary of the invention: this patent is exactly will invent a kind of brand-new gear and its brand-new theory of engagement, Here it is hypocycloid Hindley worm gear and the hypocycloid Hindley worm gear theory of engagement.Cyclo drive theory before me precisely curtate epicycloid drive theory, there is cusp in this curtate epicycloid, can produce and interfere, need to repair type in transmission.Therefore, curtate epicycloid drive theory is a kind of failed theory.Meanwhile, it is also that the first uses the gear of the non-involute of the transmission of curtate cyclod, very amazing.And the hypocycloid drive theory precisely curtate hypocycloid drive theory of my invention.This theory has the complete theory deduction of a set of uniqueness, mathematic curve, Strength co-mputation, and geometry calculates.The Gear calculation that it is completely different from the past, and cycloid wheel calculates.I also invented the process equipment and manufacturing process that meet this curtate hypocycloid, mounting process simultaneously.The theoretical curve of curtate hypocycloid, Processing Curve and use curve are very consistent curves, and more use more break-in more accurate, there is not any cusp, Interference point.

Hypocycloid Spherical engagement principle is such: its center is one spheroid-eccentric sphere, be fixedly mounted on eccentric shaft with key, it is sphere retainer outside eccentric sphere, sphere keeps having added n emissions groove, in each groove, several ball is installed, its outermost is the hypocycloid sphere gear with m tooth, and they form the transmission of hypocycloid sphere tooth.When eccentric shaft turns, rotate the whole ball of transmission simultaneously by eccentric sphere and do pure rolling rotation, then do pure rolling rotation by each tooth of each Ball Transmission transmission simultaneously hypocycloid sphere gear.Here, m > n.

Figure of description illustrates: the general assembly drawing of Fig. 1 to be velocity ratio be universal speed reducer of 3, the general assembly drawing of Fig. 2 to be velocity ratio be universal speed reducer of 44, the parts drawing after the part 1 in Fig. 3 Fig. 1 and part 2 assemble.Fig. 4 is the part 3 in Fig. 1.

Part is in fig. 1 and 2 respectively: 1.Eccentric sphere, 2.Retainer, 3.Hypocycloid Hindley worm gear, 4.Eccentric shaft, 5.Steel strap, 6.Outer cover, 7.Bearing support, 8.Steel strap, 9.Balanced column, 10.Lower velocity shaft.B1。Ball, B2.Key, B3.Snap ring, B4.Stuffing box bearing, B5.Oil sealing, B6.Key, B7.Snap ring.

Embodiment: hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) has m tooth, the velocity ratio of its speed reducer is exactly m-1.On retainer (2), there are n groove or hole.As in FIG, hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) has 4 teeth, and the velocity ratio of its speed reducer is exactly 4-1, and namely velocity ratio is 3.Its retainer (2) has three holes, in each hole, has a ball (B1).And in fig. 2, the number of teeth of hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) is 45.The velocity ratio of its speed reducer is 45-1, and namely velocity ratio is 44.Its retainer (2) has 22 grooves, in each groove, has three balls (B1).Retainer (2) internal surface is sphere, is arranged on the sphere of eccentric sphere (1), and has certain gap after extruding, makes to rotate flexibly.Eccentric sphere (1) key is fixedly mounted on eccentric shaft (4).Hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) key and lower velocity shaft (10) are fixedly installed togather.

Eccentric shaft (4) is input shaft at a high speed, and lower velocity shaft (10) is output shaft, and two axle steers are contrary, and can homogeneous velocity transmission.Any direction Universal drive of two crossed axis angles within degree more than 50, comprises zero degree transmission, i.e. coaxial transmission.

The seal arrangement of speed reducer is by steel strap (5), (8), outer cover (6), bearing support (7), oil sealing (B5), snap ring (B3) and (B7), the compositions such as stuffing box bearing (B4), bear seal lubrication effect.Balanced column (9) key (B6) is fixedly mounted on eccentric shaft (4), for dynamic balancing.

The curtate hypocycloid sphere transmission that this patent uses, ball transmission in being called for short, it belongs to curtate hypocycloid transmission, and in being called for short, swing is moved.The common advantage that interior ball transmission has interior swing to move and computational methods., it has unrivaled absolute predominance than Bevel Gear Drive.

Be that in 44, ball transmission is further described below by way of the velocity ratio in Fig. 2.

Retainer (2) has 22 grooves, in each groove, 3 balls (B1) are installed, have 66 balls (B1), each ball (B1), in engagement, wherein has 33 balls (B1) at carrying drive state.

And the Maximum overlap degree of involute gear can not more than 1.2.That is, in this, the degree of overlapping of ball transmission is more than 27 times of the degree of overlapping of cone gear.Secondly, interior swing is dynamic not to be existed tooth and bends, and therefore can strengthen load decades of times again.Interior swing is dynamic is pure rolling transmission, and the between cog of cone gear exists slip, and the efficiency of rolling transmission is higher than the efficiency of slip transmission doubly a lot, and the efficiency that thus, swing is moved is efficiency the highest in all speed reducers.In the speed reducer of same transmission power, the volume and weight of interior ball speed reducer is 1/tens of the weight and volume of planetary speed reducer.The primary transmission ratio of interior ball speed reducer can surmount more than 100, also can realize step-up drive and high-speed drive.Also can realize superhigh power transmission.

This patent is the speed reducer of first reversible gearing down in the world, can modularized production.Use very convenient, especially namely those need to use volume little, lightweight, needs again high-power, the equipment of low noise.Can at aircraft, automobile, wind-power electricity generation, metallurgical, chemical industry, national defence etc. widely field are most important again, the application of innovation.

Claims

1. a speed reducer and universal shaft coupling-universal speed reducer, it is by steel strap (5), (8) and outer cover (6) composition, it is characterized in that: it is also by eccentric sphere (1), retainer (2), hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3), eccentric shaft (4), bearing support (7), balance (9), lower velocity shaft (10), ball (B1), key (B2), (B6), snap ring (B3), (B7), stuffing box bearing (B4) and oil sealing (B5) composition, eccentric sphere (1) is fixedly mounted on the eccentric shaft of the end of eccentric shaft (4) with key, hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) key and lower velocity shaft (10) are fixedly installed togather, stuffing box bearing (B4) is installed at the middle part of eccentric shaft (4), stuffing box bearing is arranged in bearing support (7), snap ring (B3) is installed in one end of stuffing box bearing (B4), the other end installs oil sealing (B5), the outside outer cover (6) of bearing support (7) and lower velocity shaft (10) is sealed connected together, the two ends of outer cover (6) use steel strap (5) and (8) to fix respectively, on eccentric shaft (4), in the outside of bearing support (7), balanced column (9) is installed, for dynamic balancing.

2. speed reducer according to claim 1, the feature of hypocycloid Hindley worm gear (3) is: its inside is sphere tooth, and doing pure rolling mesh transmission with ball (B1), is spline outside it, or key, be fixedly installed togather with lower velocity shaft (10).

3. speed reducer according to claim 1, the feature of retainer (2) is: the inside is sphere, is installed together ordinatedly, has several hole or several groove thereon with the Spherical Clearance of eccentric sphere (1).