CN104234670B - A kind of tower linear oil pumping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of tower linear oil pumping machine, including base and pylon, driving mechanism, drive mechanism, well workover shift unit, oil well polished rod；Drive mechanism includes drive sprocket, driven sprocket, chain, crank throw, comes and goes frame, ballast box, load belt and polished rod eye；Drive sprocket is connected by chain with driven sprocket, and crank throw is fixed on chain, come and go frame and crank throw fix be connected, ballast box is fixedly connected on round frame upper end；Load belt one end is connected to ballast box upper end, and walks around the well workover shift unit on pylon top, and the other end is connected on polished rod eye；Polished rod eye connects oil well polished rod.The present invention can overcome the problem that existing well workover without beam pumping unit displacement is wasted time and energy, impact shock is big when commutating.

Description

A tower type linear pumping unit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of pumping units, in particular to a tower-type linear pumping unit with adjustable stroke times used in the field of mechanical oil recovery on the surface of an oil field.

Background technique

The pumping unit is an important oil production equipment in the oil field. At present, the beamless pumping units used in the oil field include air-balanced chain machines, wide belt chain machines, etc. These chain-reversing pumping units have large strokes and low stroke times. Advantages, but the mechanical reversing system is complicated, the workover and shifting mechanism is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are high, and the shock and vibration are large during reversing. The most important thing is that the number of strokes cannot be adjusted or the adjustment is very troublesome.

Moreover, when the pumping unit with chain reversing direction is reversing, the counterweight box and H steel in the tower will have a large impact vibration, which seriously affects the normal operation of the pumping unit. In severe cases, the bearing jacket will fall off, and the H steel will be impacted and deformed. Even the pumping unit was knocked down. The vibration damping device of the existing tower pumping unit adopts deep groove ball bearings, the counterweight box is in hard contact with the H steel, the bearing capacity is small, the impact resistance is poor, the guide wheel bearing is easily damaged, and the whole machine vibrates when the pumping unit is working normally Big.

In addition, the existing chain-belt pumping unit workover shifting device relies on the assistance of equipment such as cranes, jacks, and trailers. For oil fields located in wilderness and inconvenient transportation, it is difficult to carry out workover operations.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned pumping unit, and provide a long-stroke and low-stroke transmission mechanism with simpler transmission mechanism, better performance, convenient parameter adjustment, low cost, and stroke times that can be adjusted within a certain range. Double-drum tower linear pumping unit.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The tower-type linear pumping unit is characterized in that it includes a base and a tower, a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a workover shifting device, and an oil well polished rod; the driving mechanism is fixedly installed on the base, and the driving mechanism drives the transmission mechanism to run The transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, a chain, a bellcrank, a reciprocating frame, a counterweight box, a load belt and a rope hanger; the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain, and the bellcrank is fixed on the chain. The reciprocating frame is fixedly connected to the bellcrank, and the counterweight box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the reciprocating frame; one end of the load belt is connected to the upper end of the counterweight box, and bypasses the workover shifting device at the top of the tower, and the other end is connected to the rope hanger; The device is connected to the oil well polished rod;

The workover shifting device is composed of a support frame and an operating platform, a roller mechanism, a shifting mechanism and a shifting drive mechanism; the supporting frame and the operating platform are fixed on the top of the tower; the shifting mechanism includes multiple groups of guide rails parallel to each other, and the guide rails Fixed on the upper surface of the support frame; the roller mechanism includes a front roller and a rear roller parallel to each other. The front roller is installed on the slider of the guide rail through the front roller support plate, and the rear roller is fixed on the support frame through the rear roller support plate. Pass the front roller and the rear roller; the displacement driving mechanism includes a driving handle, a driving sprocket, and two sets of motion mechanisms, and each set of motion mechanisms includes a lead screw, a coupling, a small sprocket and a shift chain; the lead screw is parallel to the guide rail, One end of the screw is matched with the screw nut fixed on the front roller support plate, the other end of the screw is matched with the bearing fixed on the rear roller support plate, and connected to the small sprocket through the coupling, and the small sprocket passes through the shift chain Connect the drive sprocket, which is driven by the drive handle.

A further preferred solution, the tower type linear pumping unit is characterized in that: there is a lock pin constraint between the front roller support plate and the support frame.

A further preferred solution, the tower-type linear pumping unit is characterized in that: a counterweight box vibration damping device is installed at each of the four corners of the counterweight box, and the counterweight box vibration damping device includes a guide wheel seat, a torsion spring shaft, a torsion spring , guide wheel support arm, guide wheel shaft, guide wheel; the guide wheel seat is fixed on the counterweight box, the torsion spring shaft is fixed on the guide wheel seat, two torsion springs are sleeved on the torsion spring shaft, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the On the guide wheel seat, the other end is fixedly connected to the guide wheel support arm; two guide wheel support arms are installed at both ends of the torsion spring shaft, one end of the guide wheel support arm is rotatably matched with the torsion spring shaft, and the other end is connected with one end of the guide wheel shaft Fixed connection; the guide wheel shaft is parallel to the torsion spring shaft; the guide wheel is installed on the guide wheel shaft through a bearing, and under the torsion force of the torsion spring, the guide wheel is in contact with the H steel of the tower.

A further preferred solution, the tower-type linear pumping unit is characterized in that: a camera and a transmitter are also installed on the pumping unit to record the stroke times and liquid output data of the pumping unit, and transmit them to the office remotely. work site.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the existing beamless pumping unit, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

1. The counterweight box of the present invention is located in the tower body, above the reciprocating frame and connected with the reciprocating frame, and moves in the body with the movement of the chain. The counterweight box assembly adopts a centering system composed of 12 centering guide wheels, which can make the movement smooth and flexible. A space for placing counterweights is designed inside the counterweight box for placing counterweights. The counterweight is made of cast iron or steel plate, which can be selected according to the load of the oil well. The counterweight adopts small counterweights each weighing 15kg, which can accurately adjust the weight of the counterweight, making the system run more smoothly and consume less power.

2. When the present invention works, the motor drives the driving sprocket to rotate through the belt drive and the speed reducer after deceleration. The driving sprocket drives the chain to move between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, and the chain drives the reciprocating frame through the bell crank, and the reciprocating frame drives the counterweight box to move up and down. The upper end of the counterweight box is connected to the rope hanger of the polished rod by passing the load belt around the drum. In this way, the upper and lower vertical reciprocating motions of the reciprocating frame are transmitted to the corresponding input upstroke and downstroke of the polished rod and the pumping unit, so as to realize the purpose of oil pumping.

3. The present invention has a workover shifting device. During workover, the operator climbs up the escalator on one side of the main body of the tower to the operation platform, opens the lock pin, turns the handle, and drives the drive sprocket to rotate, and the drive sprocket drives the left and right two. Shaft, so that the left and right screw rotates at the same time, pulling the front roller support plate to move, so as to give up the space in front of the tower for the installation and use of the workover rig. When returning to the original position, the direction of the handle is turned. During normal oil pumping work, the drum support plate is locked with a lock pin.

4. In the present invention, a torsion spring damping device is installed on the left and right sides of the counterweight box, so that the counterweight box is in flexible contact with the H steel, which can effectively prevent the vibration caused by the large impact force during the reversing, and protect the guide wheel bearing Not easy to be damaged.

5. In the present invention, the data of pumping times and fluid output of the pumping unit at the well site can be transmitted to the office site through the camera and the transmitter at a long distance, so that the staff can quickly and conveniently obtain first-hand data. Intelligent data collection is realized, which can quickly and effectively adjust the relationship between stroke times and liquid output. When the liquid output is large, the stroke frequency is appropriately increased, and when the liquid output is small, the stroke frequency is appropriately reduced. Effectively improve the working efficiency of the pumping unit. Laying the foundation for a digital oilfield.

6. The planetary gear reducer is used in the driving device of the present invention, and the transmission efficiency is high, and the single stage reaches 96%-99%; the transmission ratio range is large, and the transmission power is from 12KW to 50000KW; the bearing capacity is large; the work is stable; the volume and weight are more than ordinary The gear reducer is much smaller.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2: Side view of Figure 1.

Among them: 1—electric motor, 2—reducer, 3—crank crank, 4—workover shifting device, 5—load belt, 6—rope hanger, 7—oil well polished rod, 8—base, 9—weight box, 10 -reciprocating frame, 11-driven sprocket, 12-chain, 13-driving sprocket.

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of workover shifting device.

Figure 4: Top view of Figure 3.

Among them: 14. Support frame, 15. Lock pin, 16. Bearing seat, 17. Front roller, 18. Load belt, 19. Rear roller, 20. Operating handle, 21. Tower main body, 22. Escalator, 23. Front Roller support plate, 24. The first guide rail, 25. The first screw, 26. The first coupling, 27. The first driven sprocket, 28. The first chain, 29. The first drive sprocket, 30. Operating platform, 31. The second guide rail, 32. The second lead screw, 33. The second coupling, 34. The rear roller support plate, 35. The second driving sprocket, 36. The second driven sprocket, 37. The second chain, 38. the first leading screw nut, 39. the second leading screw nut, 40. the slide block.

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the counterweight box vibration damping device.

Figure 6: Top view of Figure 5.

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the counterweight box vibration damping device applied to the counterweight box.

Among them: 41—Tower H steel, 42—Guide wheel shaft, 43—Torsion spring, 44—Guide wheel, 45—Bearing, 46—Counterweight box, 47—Guide wheel seat, 48—Guide wheel support arm, 49—Torsion spring Axle, 50—the first guide wheel, 51—the second guide wheel, 52—the third guide wheel, 53—the fourth guide wheel.

detailed description

Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

Referring to accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the tower-type linear pumping unit in this embodiment includes a base 8 and a tower 21, a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a workover displacement device 4, and an oil well polished rod 7.

The base 8 is positioned at the lowermost end of the complete machine and directly contacts the ground. The drive mechanism is composed of a motor 1 and a reducer 2. The drive mechanism is fixed on the base with bolts. The output end of the motor 1 is connected to the input end of the reducer 2 through a transmission belt. The motor 1 is on the right side of the reducer 2. The output end of the speed reducer 2 is connected with the drive sprocket 13 of the transmission mechanism.

Transmission mechanism comprises driving sprocket 13, driven sprocket 11, chain 12, bell crank 3, reciprocating frame 10, counterweight box 9, load belt 5 and rope hanger 6. The driving sprocket 13 is connected with the driven sprocket 11 through the chain 12, the bell crank 3 is fixed on the chain 12, the reciprocating frame 10 is fixedly connected with the bell crank 3, the counterweight box 9 is welded and fixed on the upper end of the reciprocating frame 10; the load belt 5 is connected at one end On the upper end of the counterweight box, the other end bypasses the workover shifting device at the top of the tower and is connected to the rope hanger 6; the rope hanger 6 is connected to the oil well polished rod 7.

When the tower linear oil pumping unit is working, the motor 1 drives the driving sprocket 13 to rotate after being decelerated by the belt transmission reduction box 2, and the driving sprocket drives the chain 12 to move between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, and the chain passes through the bell crank , drives the reciprocating frame, and the reciprocating frame drives the counterweight box to move up and down. The upper end of the counterweight box and the reciprocating frame bypasses the workover displacement device through the load belt and is connected to the rope hanger 6 of the polished rod 7 . The up and down vertical reciprocating motion of the reciprocating frame 10 is transmitted to the polished rod 7 and the sucker rod for corresponding upstroke and downstroke to realize the purpose of oil pumping.

Referring to accompanying drawings 3 and 4, the workover shifting device is composed of a support frame, an operating platform, a drum mechanism, a shifting mechanism and a shifting drive mechanism.

The support frame is welded and fixed on the top of the tower main body, the operating platform is welded to fix the periphery of the support frame, and the escalator is welded to the right side of the tower main body and parallel to the tower main body for operators to operate the platform up and down.

The displacement mechanism includes two groups of guide rails parallel to each other, and the first guide rail and the second guide rail are fastened and installed on the upper surface of the supporting frame with bolts respectively.

The roller mechanism includes a front roller and a rear roller parallel to each other. The front roller support plate is fastened to the four sliders on the left end of the first guide rail and the second guide rail with bolts respectively, and the rear roller support plate is fastened to the support frame with bolts. The front roller and the rear roller are respectively fastened to the middle part of the front roller support plate and the rear roller support plate with bearing housings, and the load belt bypasses the front roller and the rear roller. The lock pin is installed at the left lower end of the front roller support plate, and forms a lock pin constraint with the support frame.

The displacement drive mechanism includes an operating handle, a drive sprocket, and two sets of motion mechanisms. Each group of kinematic mechanisms includes a lead screw, a shaft coupling, a shift driven sprocket and a chain. The first leading screw is parallel to the first guide rail, and the left end of the first leading screw is fastened on the front roller support plate with the first leading screw nut, and the right end of the first leading screw is fastened on the rear roller support plate with a bearing seat. The second leading screw is parallel to the second guide rail, and the left end of the second leading screw is fastened on the front roller support plate with the second leading screw nut, and the right end of the second leading screw is fastened on the rear roller support plate with a bearing seat. The right ends of the first leading screw and the second leading screw are respectively connected on the sprocket shafts of the first shift driven sprocket and the second shift driven sprocket with the first coupling and the second coupling; The shifting chain connects the first shifting driven sprocket and the first driving sprocket, and the second shifting chain connects the second driving sprocket and the second shifting driven sprocket. The first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket are coaxial, and the operating handle is connected to the right end of the sprocket shaft of the first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket.

During operation, the operator climbs up to the operation platform along the escalator on one side of the main body of the tower, opens the lock pin, turns the operating handle, and drives the first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket to rotate, through the second shift chain and the first The shifting chain drives the second shifting driven sprocket and the first shifting driven sprocket to rotate, drives the second lead screw and the first lead screw to rotate simultaneously through the second coupling joint and the first coupling joint, and pulls the front The roller supporting plate moves along the second guide rail and the first guide rail, thereby allowing the space in front of the tower to be used for installation of the workover rig. When returning to the position, reversely turn the operating handle. During normal operation, the front roller support plate is locked with a lock pin.

Referring to accompanying drawing 7, a counterweight box damping device is installed at each of the four corners of the counterweight box. Referring to accompanying drawings 5 and 6, the counterweight box damping device includes a guide wheel seat, a torsion spring shaft, a torsion spring, a guide wheel support arm, and a guide wheel shaft , guide wheel.

The guide wheel seat is welded and fixed on the counterweight box of the tower linear pumping unit. The torsion spring shaft is fixed on the guide wheel seat, two torsion springs are sleeved on the torsion spring shaft, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the guide wheel seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide wheel support arm. Two guide wheel support arms are installed on the two ends of the torsion spring shaft, one end of the guide wheel support arm is rotatably matched with the torsion spring shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with one end of the guide wheel shaft. The axis of the guide wheel is parallel to the axis of the torsion spring. The guide wheel is installed on the guide wheel shaft through the bearing, and under the torsion force of the torsion spring, the guide wheel is in contact with the tower H steel of the tower linear pumping unit.

When the tower linear oil pumping unit works normally, it performs continuous cycle of upstroke and downstroke. When the upstroke and downstroke alternate, the counterweight box will generate left and right inertial force. When the tower pumping unit is in the upstroke movement, the counterweight box moves to the left under the leftward inertial force. At this time, the guide wheel 50 in the lower left corner of the counterweight box is under the greatest force, and the guide wheel 53 in the upper left corner is under the second. The two guide wheels 51 and 52 on the right bear the least force, and the impact force of the counterweight box on the H steel to the left is buffered by the guide wheels 50 and 53; The heavy box moves to the right under the action of the inertial force to the right. At this time, the guide wheel 52 in the lower right corner of the counterweight box is under the greatest force, followed by the guide wheel 51, and the two left guide wheels 53 and 50 are the least stressed. The guide wheel 52 and the guide wheel 51 buffer the rightward impact force of the counterweight box on the H steel; in this way, the up and down strokes move continuously, and the left and right impact force of the counterweight box on the H steel is buffered by the left and right guide wheels respectively. Down, the counterweight box achieves a significant vibration reduction effect. When the tower pumping unit is not working, the four guide wheels are in a force-balanced state.

Claims (4)

1. a tower linear oil pumping machine, it is characterised in that: include base and pylon, driving mechanism, drive mechanism, well workover shift unit, oil well polished rod；Driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on base, and driving mechanism drive transmission device operates；Drive mechanism includes drive sprocket, driven sprocket, chain, crank throw, comes and goes frame, ballast box, load belt and polished rod eye；Drive sprocket is connected by chain with driven sprocket, and crank throw is fixed on chain, come and go frame and crank throw fix be connected, ballast box is fixedly connected on round frame upper end；Load belt one end is connected to ballast box upper end, and walks around the well workover shift unit on pylon top, and the other end is connected on polished rod eye；Polished rod eye connects oil well polished rod；

Described well workover shift unit is made up of bracing frame and operating platform, cylinder mechanism, shift mechanism and displacement driving mechanism；Bracing frame and operating platform are fixed on pylon top；Shift mechanism includes the many groups of guide rails being parallel to each other, and guide rail is fixed on bracing frame upper surface；Cylinder mechanism includes the front roll and the back roll that are parallel to each other, and front roll is arranged on the slide block of guide rail by front roll support plate, and back roll is fixed on bracing frame by back roll support plate, and load belt walks around front roll and back roll；Displacement driving mechanism includes driving handle, drive sprocket, two groups of motions, and often group motion includes leading screw, shaft coupling, minor sprocket and displacement chain；Leading screw and guide rail parallel, leading screw one end coordinates with the feed screw nut being fixed on front roll support plate, the leading screw other end and the bearing fit being fixed on back roll support plate, and connects minor sprocket by shaft coupling, minor sprocket connects drive sprocket, drive sprocket handle drives driven by shifting chain.

2. a kind of tower linear oil pumping machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: there is lock pin to retrain between front roll support plate and bracing frame.

3. a kind of tower linear oil pumping machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: a ballast box vibration absorber is respectively installed in ballast box corner, and described ballast box vibration absorber includes wheel stand, torsionspring axle, torsionspring, guide wheel support arm, guide wheel shaft, guide wheel；Wheel stand is fixed on ballast box, and torsionspring axle is fixed on wheel stand, and two torsionsprings are enclosed within torsionspring axle, and one end of torsionspring is fixedly connected on wheel stand, and the other end is fixedly connected on guide wheel support arm；Two pieces of guide wheel support arms are arranged on the two ends of torsionspring axle, and guide wheel support arm one end and torsionspring axle are rotatably assorted, and the other end is fixing with one end of guide wheel shaft to be connected；Guide wheel shaft is parallel with torsionspring axle；Guide wheel is arranged on guide wheel shaft by bearing, and under torsionspring twisting force, guide wheel contacts with pylon H steel.

4. a kind of tower linear oil pumping machine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: oil pumper is also equipped with photographic head and transmitter, the jig frequency of record oil pumper and liquid outlet quantity data, and long-distance transmissions is to doing building site point.