CN104232962B - A kind of preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104232962B CN104232962B CN201410493879.8A CN201410493879A CN104232962B CN 104232962 B CN104232962 B CN 104232962B CN 201410493879 A CN201410493879 A CN 201410493879A CN 104232962 B CN104232962 B CN 104232962B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of Cu Fe composite, Cu powder and Fe powder are sieved after ball milling mixes powder, then in turn through pre-stamped, high temperature hot pressing sintering, solution treatment, Ageing Treatment, i.e. obtain Cu Fe composite.The preparation method of Cu Fe composite of the present invention, in the preparation process of Cu Fe composite, the method using powder metallurgy, can reduce alloying component segregation to greatest extent, eliminate thick, uneven cast sturcture；The compound of Cu, Fe can be easily achieved, give full play to raw-material characteristic, produce the Cu Fe composite that common melting cannot produce；The method prepares the hardness of Cu Fe composite at more than HB120, and tensile strength is at more than 500MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite preparation, be specifically related to the system of a kind of Cu-Fe composite material
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Copper alloy is to add, by matrix, the alloy that one or more other elements are constituted with fine copper.Fine copper in
Aubergine is also known as red copper.Fine copper density is that 8.96 fusing points are 1083 DEG C and have excellent electric conductivity
Heat conductivity ductility and corrosion resistance.It is mainly used in making generator bus cable switch device
The flat plate collector etc. of the electrotechnical apparatus such as transformator and heat-exchanger pipeline solar heat collector is led
Hot equipment.Present stage, China often added zinc, aluminum, nickel, manganese, stannum, silicon, lead and other elements in fine copper
Change its performance.
In order to ensure that Cu-Fe material and has preferable electric conductivity while having higher force performance,
Being accomplished by being evenly distributed in Cu matrix Fe element, existing Cu-Fe material mainly uses high melt
Method prepare, owing at high temperature two kinds of elements can be mutually dissolved, during cooling solidification, composition is inclined
Analysis is serious, this strong influence electric conductivity of Cu-Fe material.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of Cu-Fe composite material, solve existing preparation
The Cu-Fe composite material composition obtained just is analysed seriously, the problem affecting its electric conductivity.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, the preparation method of a kind of Cu-Fe composite material, by Cu
Powder and Fe powder sieve after ball milling mixes powder, then in turn through pre-stamped, high temperature hot pressing sintering, admittedly
Molten process, Ageing Treatment, i.e. obtain Cu-Fe composite material.
The feature of the present invention also resides in,
It is to load in ball grinder by Cu powder and Fe powder that ball milling mixes powder, add abrading-ball carry out powder mixing machine 10～
15h, rotating speed 400r/min, obtain composite powder.
In composite powder, the mass percent of Cu powder is 88～52%, the mass percent of Fe powder be 12～
48%.
The addition of abrading-ball is 20～40 times of composite powder gross mass.
Pre-stamped is to carry out the pre-stamped composite blank that obtains on hydraulic press by cold stamping die, compacting
Pressure 10～300KN, pressurize 30～120s.
High temperature hot pressing sintering is to be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the pre-stamped composite blank obtained, one
Rise and put into SLQ-16B vertical atmosphere protection pressurized sintering furnace, be passed through H2It is 30～60min, inspection
Purity begins to warm up after reaching 95vol%, is heated to insulation 30～60min when 800～1000 DEG C, insulation
Start plus-pressure 1.5～3.0MPa after end, and continue heating, to be heated to 1025～1075 DEG C and protect
Hot-pressed sintering furnace is closed and by H after temperature 30～60min2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature reduces takes out.
Solid solution temperature is 800～1000 DEG C, is incubated 20～60min, water-cooled.
Aging temperature is 400～550 DEG C, is incubated 2～6h, air cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material of the present invention, multiple at Cu-Fe
In the preparation process of condensation material, the method using powder metallurgy, can reduce alloying component to greatest extent
Segregation, eliminates thick, uneven cast sturcture；The compound of Cu, Fe can be easily achieved, fill
Raw-material characteristic is waved in distribution, produces the Cu-Fe composite material that common melting cannot produce；The method
The hardness of preparation Cu-Fe composite material is at more than HB120, and tensile strength is at more than 500MPa.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the conductance profiles of the Cu-Fe12 composite that embodiment 1 prepares；
Fig. 2 is the Cu-Fe composite material scanning figure that embodiment 1 prepares；
Fig. 3 is the organization charts of the Cu-Fe18 composite that embodiment 2 prepares.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material of the present invention, the mistake after ball milling mixes powder by Cu powder and Fe powder
Sieve, then in turn through pre-stamped, high temperature hot pressing sintering, solution treatment, Ageing Treatment, i.e. obtains
Cu-Fe composite material.
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, weighs 52～88%Cu powder, 12～48%Fe powder, then the most respectively
Cu powder and Fe powder being loaded in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 20～40 times carries out machinery
Mixed powder 10～15h, rotating speed 400r/min, obtain composite powder；
Step 2, composite powder step 1 obtained is carried out on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after sieving
Pre-stamped, pressing pressure 10～300KN, pressurize 30～120s, obtain composite blank；
Step 3, composite blank step 2 obtained is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into together
In SLQ-16B vertical atmosphere protection pressurized sintering furnace, it is passed through H230～60min inspection purity reach
Beginning to warm up after 95vol%, be heated to insulation 30～60min when 800～1000 DEG C, insulation is opened after terminating
Beginning plus-pressure 1.5～3.0MPa, and continue heating, to be heated to 1025～1075 DEG C and be incubated 30～
Hot-pressed sintering furnace is closed and by H after 60min2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature reduces takes out, and obtains Cu-Fe
Composite；
Step 4, Cu-Fe composite material step 3 obtained carries out solution treatment at box heat treatment furnace,
Temperature is 800～1000 DEG C, is incubated 20～60min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 400～
550 DEG C of insulations 2～6h, air cooling, to obtain final product.
The preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material of the present invention, in the preparation process of Cu-Fe composite material,
The method using powder metallurgy, can reduce alloying component segregation to greatest extent, eliminate thick, uneven
Even cast sturcture；The compound of Cu, Fe can be easily achieved, give full play to raw-material characteristic,
Produce the Cu-Fe composite material that common melting cannot produce；The method prepares Cu-Fe composite material
Hardness is at more than HB120, and tensile strength is at more than 500MPa.
Embodiment 1
Weigh 88%Cu powder, 12%Fe powder the most respectively, then Cu powder and Fe powder are filled
Entering in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 20 times carries out powder mixing machine 12h, rotating speed 400r/min,
Obtain composite powder；
Carry out pre-stamped on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after composite powder is sieved, pressing pressure
300KN, pressurize forms composite blank in 30 seconds；
Composite blank is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into the vertical atmosphere protection of SLQ-16B and add
In pressure sintering furnace, it is passed through H2Begin to warm up after reaching 95vol% for 40min inspection purity, be heated to 950 DEG C
Start plus-pressure 2.0MPa after Shi Baowen 60min, and continue to be heated to 1025 DEG C of insulation 30min, protect
Temperature closes hot-pressed sintering furnace and by H after terminating2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature is drawn off i.e. after reducing
Obtain Cu-Fe12 composite；
At box heat treatment furnace, Cu-Fe12 composite is carried out solution treatment, and temperature is 800 DEG C, protects
Temperature 20min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 450 DEG C of insulation 2h, air cooling.
The hardness of gained Cu-Fe12 composite is HB120, and intensity is 530MPa, and conductivity reaches 12
MS/m。
Fig. 1 is the conductance profiles of the Cu-Fe12 composite that embodiment 1 prepares；Fig. 1 be
The Cu-Fe12 that (includes 4 kinds of different sintering temperatures, and 3 kinds of conditions of heat treatment) under different technical parameters
The conductivity of composite, illustrates that the Cu-Fe12 composite prepared by this patent has good leading
Electricity rate.
Fig. 2 is the Cu-Fe12 composite TCP photo that embodiment 1 prepares, can by Fig. 2
To see, the Fe element playing potentiation is uniformly distributed in fracture, improves the intensity of material.
Embodiment 2
Weigh 82%Cu powder, 18%Fe powder the most respectively, then Cu powder and Fe powder are filled
Entering in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 20 times carries out powder mixing machine 10h, rotating speed 400r/min,
Obtain composite powder；
Carry out pre-stamped on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after composite powder is sieved, pressing pressure
100KN, pressurize forms composite blank in 60 seconds；
Composite blank is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into the vertical atmosphere protection of SLQ-16B and add
In pressure sintering furnace, it is passed through H2For 40min, inspection purity begins to warm up more than after 95vol%, is heated to
Start plus-pressure 1.5MPa after being incubated 60min when 950 DEG C, and continue to be heated to 1050 DEG C of insulation 40min,
Insulation closes hot-pressed sintering furnace and by H after terminating2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature is drawn off after reducing
I.e. obtain Cu-Fe18 composite；
At box heat treatment furnace, Cu-Fe18 composite is carried out solution treatment, and temperature is 840 DEG C, protects
Temperature 30min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 480 DEG C of insulation 2.5h, air cooling and get final product.
The hardness of gained Cu-Fe18 composite is HB128, and intensity is 545MPa, and conductivity reaches 11.4
MS/m。
Fig. 3 is the organization charts of the Cu-Fe18 composite that embodiment 2 prepares, black in Fig. 3
Grain is Fe phase, and it is evenly distributed in Cu matrix, does not has component segregation phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
Weigh 76%Cu powder, 24%Fe powder the most respectively, then Cu powder and Fe powder are filled
Entering in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 20 times carries out powder mixing machine 12h, rotating speed 400r/min,
Obtain composite powder；
Carry out pre-stamped on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after composite powder is sieved, pressing pressure
200KN, pressurize forms composite blank in 80 seconds；
Composite blank is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into the vertical atmosphere protection of SLQ-16B and add
In pressure sintering furnace, it is passed through H2For 60min, inspection purity begins to warm up more than after 95vol%, is heated to
Start plus-pressure 2.0MPa after being incubated 40min when 1000 DEG C, and continue to be heated to 1075 DEG C of insulation 40min,
Insulation closes hot-pressed sintering furnace and by H after terminating2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature is drawn off after reducing
I.e. obtain Cu-Fe24 composite；
At box heat treatment furnace, Cu-Fe24 composite is carried out solution treatment, and temperature is 950 DEG C, protects
Temperature 50min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 480 DEG C of insulation 3h, air cooling and get final product.
The hardness of gained Cu-Fe24 composite is HB131, and intensity is 556MPa, and conductivity reaches 11.1
MS/s。
Embodiment 4
Weigh 68%Cu powder, 32%Fe powder the most respectively, then Cu powder and Fe powder are filled
Entering in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 30 times carries out powder mixing machine 15h, rotating speed 400r/min,
Obtain composite powder；
Carry out pre-stamped on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after composite powder is sieved, pressing pressure
300KN, pressurize forms composite blank in 30 seconds；
Composite blank is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into the vertical atmosphere protection of SLQ-16B and add
In pressure sintering furnace, it is passed through H2For 40min, inspection purity begins to warm up more than after 95vol%, is heated to
Start plus-pressure 2.5MPa after being incubated 40min when 950 DEG C, and continue to be heated to 1060 DEG C of insulation 60min,
Insulation closes hot-pressed sintering furnace and by H after terminating2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature is drawn off after reducing
I.e. obtain Cu-Fe composite material；
At box heat treatment furnace, Cu-Fe32 composite is carried out solution treatment, and temperature is 890 DEG C, protects
Temperature 35min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 500 DEG C of insulation 3.5h air coolings, to obtain final product.
The hardness of gained Cu-Fe32 composite is HB136, and intensity is 560MPa, and conductivity reaches
10.4MS/m。
Embodiment 5
Weigh 52%Cu powder, 48%Fe powder the most respectively, then Cu powder and Fe powder are filled
Entering in ball grinder, the abrading-ball adding powder gross mass 40 times carries out powder mixing machine 13h, rotating speed 400r/min,
Obtain composite powder；
Carry out pre-stamped on hydraulic press by cold stamping die after composite powder is sieved, pressing pressure
10KN, pressurize forms composite blank in 120 seconds；
Composite blank is contained in high purity graphite crucible, puts into the vertical atmosphere protection of SLQ-16B and add
In pressure sintering furnace, it is passed through H2For 30min, inspection purity begins to warm up more than after 95vol%, is heated to
Start plus-pressure 3.0MPa after being incubated 30min when 800 DEG C, and continue to be heated to 1050 DEG C of insulation 50min,
Insulation closes hot-pressed sintering furnace and by H after terminating2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature is drawn off after reducing
I.e. obtain Cu-Fe composite material；
At box heat treatment furnace, Cu-Fe48 composite is carried out solution treatment, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, protects
Temperature 60min, water-cooled；Carry out Ageing Treatment again, be heated to 550 DEG C of insulation 6h air coolings, to obtain final product.
The hardness of gained Cu-Fe12 composite is HB138, and intensity is 562MPa, and conductivity reaches 9.7
MS/m。
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a Cu-Fe composite material, it is characterised in that Cu powder and Fe powder are passed through
Ball milling sieves after mixing powder, at pre-stamped, high temperature hot pressing sintering, solution treatment, timeliness
Reason, i.e. obtains Cu-Fe composite material；
It is to load in ball grinder by Cu powder and Fe powder that described ball milling mixes powder, adds abrading-ball and carries out powder mixing machine
10～15h, rotating speed 400r/min, obtain composite powder；The percent mass of Cu powder in described composite powder
Ratio is 52～88%, and the mass percent of Fe powder is 12～48%；
Described high temperature hot pressing sintering is that the pre-stamped composite blank obtained is contained in high purity graphite crucible
In, put into SLQ-16B vertical atmosphere protection pressurized sintering furnace together, be passed through H2It is 30～60min,
Inspection purity begins to warm up more than after 95vol%, is heated to insulation 30～60min when 800～1000 DEG C,
Insulation starts to add pressure 1.5～3.0MPa after terminating, and continues heating, to be heated to 1025～1075 DEG C
And close hot-pressed sintering furnace after being incubated 30～60min and by H2Change N2Starting cooling, furnace temperature reduction takes
Go out；
Described solid solution temperature is 800～1000 DEG C, is incubated 20～60min, water-cooled；
Described aging temperature is 400～550 DEG C, is incubated 2～6h, air cooling.
The preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mill
The addition of ball is 20～40 times of composite powder gross mass.
The preparation method of Cu-Fe composite material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating pre-stamped is to carry out the pre-stamped composite blank that obtains, compacting pressure on hydraulic press by cold stamping die
Power 10-300KN, pressurize 30-120s.
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| CN105177344B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-01-11 | 张连仲 | Cu-Fe alloy wire and preparing method thereof |
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| CN110923693B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2022-04-05 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by cold spraying process |
| CN114686720A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 广西纵览线缆集团有限公司 | Preparation process of rare earth alloying Cu-Fe alloy |
| CN117418128A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-19 | 中南大学 | Sterilization copper alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
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