CN104227226B - Method for conducting preheating and friction stir welding on thick plate aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for conducting preheating and friction stir welding on thick plate aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104227226B CN104227226B CN201410522853.1A CN201410522853A CN104227226B CN 104227226 B CN104227226 B CN 104227226B CN 201410522853 A CN201410522853 A CN 201410522853A CN 104227226 B CN104227226 B CN 104227226B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for conducting preheating and friction stir welding on thick plate aluminum alloy. The method comprises the steps that (1) the thick plate aluminum alloy is placed on a tool, and clamping and fixing of a part to be welded are completed; (2) positioned welding is carried out on the part to be welded through a positioning stirring head; (3) a blind hole is machined in the initial position of tack weld of the thick plate aluminum alloy through a drill bit and used as a welding prefabricated hole; (4), the surface of the aluminum alloy is preheated, the temperature of the thick plate aluminum alloy is controlled from 100 DEG C to 120 DEG C; (5) the center of the stirring head for welding is adjusted before welding so that the center of the stirring head and the center of the prefabricated hole can coincide and the stirring head can be stuck into the prefabricated hole in a screwing mode, walking welding is conducted, and the stirring head is made to stay at the position of an arc break-off keyhole for preset time after welding is completed; (6) after welding is completed, annealing treatment is conducted on the thick plate aluminum alloy at 200 DEG C to 230 DEG C, and the overall welding process is completed. The method solves the problems that the stirring head factures and the quality of a welding seam cannot be guaranteed in the welding process of the thick plate aluminum alloy, and improves the quality of a friction stir welding seam of the thick plate aluminum alloy and production efficiency of the thick plate aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agitating friction weldering of thick aluminum alloy plate is and in particular to a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheats agitating friction weldering
Connect method and frock and stirring-head.
Background technology
, using conventional melting and welding method, because heat input is big, welding deformation is big, but also cannot protect for thick aluminum alloy plate
Card weld seam internal soundness.
Agitating friction weldering is a kind of emerging technology, and it belongs to green welding technology, compared with traditional melting welding, has weldering
Connect deformation little, pollution-free, and weld seam is not in the common defect of the melting welding such as crackle, undercut.
However, when welding the aluminium alloy of more than 30mm thickness using agitating friction weldering, because sheet material is very thick, plastic metal exists
Flowing on thickness direction is more difficult, and in welding process, the deformation tension due to metal is big, stirring-head pole in welding process
Frangibility, thus lead to not obtain the welding line joint of high-quality.
Content of the invention
For above deficiency, the method for thick aluminum alloy plate agitating friction weldering is improved, be increased weld preheating
With pre-manufactured hole operation, devise a kind of suitable thick aluminum alloy plate welding with tapered thread and be machined with the stirring-head of three planes,
Big for thickness Welded pressure, frock is optimized with design it is ensured that firm in thick aluminum alloy plate welding process
Clamping, completes the agitating friction weldering of 30mm～40mm thickness aluminium alloy using above method, and weldquality molding is good.
According to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method, for realizing
The firm welding of thick aluminum alloy plate is it is characterised in that the method comprises the following specific steps that:
(1) thick aluminum alloy plate is placed in frock, and holds out against front apron in weldering front direction, after the center line of adjustment weld seam,
Fixing thick aluminum alloy plate lateral, and compress the upper surface of thick aluminum alloy plate, fixed with the clamping completing to-be-welded pieces；
(2) first tack welding is carried out to weldment using positioning stirring-head；
(3) original position in aluminium alloy thick plate tack weld adopts drill bit processing blind hole, as welding pre-manufactured hole；
(4) aluminum alloy surface is preheated, the temperature control making thick aluminum alloy plate surface is at 100 DEG C～120 DEG C；
(5) with stirring-head, the thick aluminum alloy plate after preheating is welded by welding, specifically include: adjustment welding before weldering
So that its center superposition with pre-manufactured hole rotating is penetrated wherein with the center of stirring-head, touch by weldering gold in the shaft shoulder of stirring-head
Spin friction when belonging to upper surface stays for some time, and then carries out walking welding, and welding finishes rear stirring-head and receiving weldering keyhole position
Put the stop scheduled time, stirring-head is extracted in then rotation；
(6), after welding finishes, thick aluminum alloy plate is made annealing treatment at a temperature of 200 DEG C～230 DEG C, you can complete
Welding.
As the improvement of the present invention, rotary speed that described welding stirring-head rotation penetrates pre-manufactured hole be 240rpm～
280rpm, decrease speed is 10mm/min.
As the improvement of the present invention, in described walking welding, speed of welding is 50mm/min～80mm/min, volume under pressure control
System is 3 ° at 0.4mm～0.6mm, the inclination angle of stirring-head.
As the improvement of the present invention, the described spin friction time of staying is 40s～60s.
As the improvement of the present invention, the diameter 4mm～6mm less than the diameter of described welding stirring-head of described pre-manufactured hole, blind
The depth ratio in the hole little 5mm～8mm of aluminium alloy thickness of slab to be welded.
As the improvement of the present invention, the fixing frock of described clamping includes base plate, setting on which floor plate in welding direction
Two movable plates positioned opposite, setting on which floor plate and are located at side shield between two movable plates, arrange on which floor plate
And be located at the anterior front apron of welding direction and be arranged on the multiple pressing plates being arranged in array on two movable plates, described to be welded
The thick aluminum alloy plate connecing is arranged on this backing plate, and its both sides is laterallyd secure by described side shield, anterior by before described
Baffle plate is fixed, and upper surface is compressed by the plurality of pressing plate, thus realizing the clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate to be welded is fixed.
As the improvement of the present invention, described welding stirring-head includes the shaft shoulder of both sides and is located between two shaft shoulders and protrudes
Mixing needle, wherein, described mixing needle be in small end away from convex shoulder cone, its outer surface is coaxially arranged with screw thread, and this stirs
Mix the groove that pin outer surface is evenly equipped with multiple length directions in the circumferential.
As the improvement of the present invention, the semi-cone angle of described mixing needle is preferably 6 °
As the improvement of the present invention, the screw thread of described stirring wire surface is preferably m20 × 2 or m22 × 2.
As the improvement of the present invention, described shoulder face is indent pattern, and its indent angle is 15 °.
As the improvement of the present invention, described weldment also includes carrying out the step of Milling Machining and cleaning to it before clamping is fixing
Suddenly, particularly as follows: first Milling Process is carried out to the involutory surface of the thick aluminum alloy plate being welded it is ensured that its surface roughness is less than 3.2；
Then soak in lye tank (vat) and carry out alkali cleaning process, and rinse well.
As the improvement of the present invention, when described positioning stirring-head carries out positioning welding, its rotary speed be 300rpm～
500rpm, speed of welding is 150mm/min～200mm/min, and tilt angle is 2.5 °, and volume under pressure is 0.15mm～0.3mm.
As the improvement of the present invention, the preheating method that the aluminum alloy surface of described thick aluminum alloy plate carries out preheated weld is sky
The burning preheating of combustion gas and oxygen mix, the combustion section of preheating device is square box-like die cavity, and its bottom surface is machined with multiple circular holes
To carry out Multi-point combustion.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing the thick aluminum alloy plate weldment prepared by a kind of utilization said method.
A kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method that the present invention provides, by increasing weld preheating and prefabricated
The mode in hole, it is ensured that the uniformity in weld metal thickness approach temperature field, reduces the plastic deformation resistance in metal welding process,
By design a kind of suitable thick aluminum alloy plate welding with tapered thread and be machined with the stirring-head of three planes, increase welding process
Middle weld metal, in the mobility of thickness direction, the welding tooling of design rigidity, solves in thick aluminum alloy plate welding process and stirs
Mix the difficult problem that head fractures, weldquality cannot ensure, improve thick aluminum alloy plate stir friction welding seam quality and production efficiency.
The thick aluminum alloy plate welding tooling that the present invention provides, backing plate therein adopts high temperature alloy steel plate, and other parts are adopted
Make of such as q235 material.Two side shields are symmetrically welded on base plate, and baffle plate is threaded hole, holds out against shifting by screw
The lateral of thick aluminum alloy plate fixed by dynamic plate, base plate is machined with each and every one screwed holes many, before wherein 2 screwed holes are fixed by screw
Baffle plate, the weldering front direction of fixing thick aluminum alloy plate, other screwed holes pass through screw fixation clip, and pressing plate is u shape, and pressing plate is used for
The upper surface of compression thick aluminum alloy plate, the back of thick aluminum alloy plate put by backing plate.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, there is following beneficial effect
Really:
A kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method of the present invention, by increasing weld preheating and pre-manufactured hole
Mode, it is ensured that the uniformity in weld metal thickness approach temperature field, reduces the plastic deformation resistance in metal welding process, provides
The welding of a kind of suitable thick aluminum alloy plate with tapered thread and be machined with the stirring-head of three planes, increase weld seam in welding process
Metal, can effective control and pressure under stirring-head during minimizing welding, simplification agitating friction weldering simultaneously in the mobility of thickness direction
Restriction to welding tool setup, solves that stirring-head in thick aluminum alloy plate welding process fractures, weldquality cannot ensure
A difficult problem, improves thick aluminum alloy plate stir friction welding seam quality and production efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the preheating device adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic three dimensional views according to the frock adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view according to the frock adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top view according to the frock adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the left view according to the frock adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is according to the welding stirring-head schematic diagram adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is according to the welding stirring-head schematic cross-section adopting in the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is to process, according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention one, the weld seam metallograph that 30mm thickness 5a06 aluminium alloy is formed；
Fig. 9 is to process, according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention one, the weld seam metallograph that 40mm thickness 2a70 aluminium alloy is formed.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, right with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
The present invention further illustrates.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
Determine the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment 1, choose 30mm5a06 thick aluminum alloy plate and be stirred friction welding (FW).
As shown in figure 1, the preheating device being provided adopts natural gas and oxygen mix burning preheating, hot spots is one
Rectangle box-like die cavity, is machined with, in box-like die cavity bottom surface, the circular hole that such as 14 diameters are preferably φ 1mm.
As shown in Figure 2-5, required welding tooling, by 1, two side shields 2 of base plate, multiple pressing plate 3 (such as this enforcement
Be preferably 10 in example, but the present invention and be defined in this), 4, two movable plates 5 of backing plate, front apron 6 and several screws 7,
8th, 9 composition, backing plate 1 preferably employs the thick high temperature alloy steel plate of 2mm, and other parts preferably employ q235 material and make.Two sides
Baffle plate is symmetrically welded on base plate, and baffle plate is threaded hole, holds out against the lateral of the fixing thick aluminum alloy plate of movable plate by screw,
Multiple screwed holes are machined with base plate, such as 12, two of which screwed hole fixes front apron by screw, fixing slab aluminum closes
The weldering front direction of gold, other screwed holes fix corresponding pressing plate by screw, and pressing plate is u shape, and pressing plate is used for compressing slab aluminum
The upper surface of alloy, the back of thick aluminum alloy plate put by backing plate.
As shown in figs. 6-7, the stirring-head needed for the present embodiment preferably employs 4cr5mosiv1 and makes, and shoulder face is interior
Spill looks, in the present embodiment, its indent angle is preferably 15 °, and shaft shoulder diameter phi d is preferably 38mm, and shaft shoulder edge preferably falls
The fillet of r0.5, mixing needle is preferably r3 with the transition arc of the shaft shoulder, and the semi-cone angle of mixing needle is preferably 6 °, and stirring wire surface sets
Put screw thread, preferably m20 × 2, mixing needle screw thread is preferably uniformly machined with deep the putting down of three 1mm in circumferencial direction along the conical surface
Face, mixing needle top is preferably sphere sr20, and length l of mixing needle is preferably 29.4mm, after stirring-head completion of processing, stirring-head
After heat treatment quenching and tempering, its hardness is preferably hrc53.But in the present invention, this is not limited to the above-mentioned parameter of stirring-head, can root
According to be actually needed carry out specifically chosen.
In the present embodiment, the friction stir welding method of 30mm5a06 thick aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps:
(1) Milling Machining and cleaning: Milling Process is carried out to the involutory surface of the two pieces thick aluminum alloy plate being welded it is ensured that its surface
Roughness is less than 3.2；Then carry out alkali cleaning process, soak 10min in lye tank (vat), then rinsed well with clear water, with compression
Air blows off water stain on thick aluminum alloy plate.
(2) clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate: as shown in Figure 2-5, thick aluminum alloy plate is placed in the backing plate of frock of the present invention
On 1, weldering front direction holds out against front apron 6, after the center line of adjustment weld seam, holds out against movable plate 5 by screw 9 and fixes thick aluminum alloy plate
Lateral, by screw 7 fix u shape pressing plate 3, for compressing the upper surface of thick aluminum alloy plate.
(3) tack welding: preferably employ a diameter of 16mm of the shaft shoulder in the present embodiment, mixing needle diameter and length are respectively 6mm
Carry out positioning welding with the positioning stirring-head of 5mm, the welding parameter of employing is: rotary speed is 500rpm, speed of welding is
200mm/min, tilt angle is 2.5 °, and volume under pressure is 0.15mm, and positioning welding finishes the burr of rear equating weld seam both sides.
(4) processing of pre-manufactured hole: adopt drill bit processing blind hole in the original position of aluminium alloy thick plate tack weld, preferably blind
A diameter of 16mm in hole, depth 25mm of blind hole.After blind hole completion of processing, repeat step (2) completes the clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate.
(5) weld preheating: using described heater, aluminum alloy surface is preheated, in aluminium alloy table during preheating
The thick aluminium sheet of the preferred 3mm of phase same material, preferably about 100 DEG C of preheating temperature are placed in face, and preheating withdraws heater after finishing.
(6) formal weld: implement welding using described thick plates with stirring-head, before weldering the center of adjustment mixing needle with pre-
The center superposition of drilling, it is preferred to use rotary speed is 280rpm, mixing needle is penetrated pre-manufactured hole for 10mm/min by decrease speed
In, when the shaft shoulder of stirring-head touches by weldering metallic upper surface, spin friction stops preferred 40s, then carries out walking welding,
Speed of welding is preferably 80mm/min, and preferably volume under pressure controls in 0.4mm, and the inclination angle of stirring-head is 3 °, and welding is stirred after finishing
Head is receiving weldering keyhole position stop such as 10s, then rotates and extracts stirring-head.
(7) post-weld annealed: after welding finishes, thick aluminum alloy plate is dismantled from frock, is then made annealing treatment, temperature
For 200 DEG C.
Welding carries out x-ray to weld seam after finishing and ultrasound detection is all qualified, its metallograph as shown in Figure 8, weld seam matter
Amount is excellent.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment 2, choose 40mm2a70 thick aluminum alloy plate and be stirred friction welding (FW).
As shown in figure 1, the preheating device being provided adopts natural gas and oxygen mix burning preheating, hot spots is one
Rectangle box-like die cavity, is machined with, in box-like die cavity bottom surface, the circular hole that such as 14 diameters are preferably φ 1mm.
As shown in Figure 2-5, required welding tooling, by 1, two side shields 2 of base plate, multiple pressing plate 3 (such as this enforcement
Be preferably 10 in example, but the present invention and be defined in this), 4, two movable plates 5 of backing plate, front apron 6 and several screws 7,
8th, 9 composition, backing plate 1 preferably employs the thick high temperature alloy steel plate of 2mm, and other parts preferably employ q235 material and make.Two sides
Baffle plate is symmetrically welded on base plate, and baffle plate is threaded hole, holds out against the lateral of the fixing thick aluminum alloy plate of movable plate by screw,
Multiple screwed holes are machined with base plate, such as 12, two of which screwed hole fixes front apron by screw, fixing slab aluminum closes
The weldering front direction of gold, other screwed holes fix corresponding pressing plate by screw, and pressing plate is u shape, and pressing plate is used for compressing slab aluminum
The upper surface of alloy, the back of thick aluminum alloy plate put by backing plate.
As shown in figs. 6-7, required stirring-head adopts 4cr5mosiv1 using making, and shoulder face is indent pattern, its
Indent angle be 15 °, in the present embodiment 2, shaft shoulder diameter phi d is preferably 44mm, shaft shoulder edge preferably fall r0.5 fillet, stirring
The transition arc of pin and the shaft shoulder is preferably r3, and the semi-cone angle of mixing needle is preferably 6 °, the screw thread of stirring wire surface be preferably m22 ×
2, mixing needle screw thread is axially preferably uniformly machined with multiple grooves, the deep plane of preferably three 1mm in circumferencial direction along the conical surface
Groove, mixing needle top is preferably sphere sr20, and length l of mixing needle is preferably 39.2mm, after stirring-head completion of processing, stirring-head
After heat treatment quenching and tempering, its hardness is preferably hrc48.
In the present embodiment 2, the friction stir welding method of 40mm2a70 thick aluminum alloy plate is comprised the following steps:
(1) Milling Machining and cleaning: Milling Process is carried out to the involutory surface of the two pieces thick aluminum alloy plate being welded it is ensured that its surface
Roughness is less than 3.2；Then carry out alkali cleaning process, soak 15min in lye tank (vat), then rinsed well with clear water, with compression
Air blows off water stain on thick aluminum alloy plate.
(2) clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate: as shown in Figure 2-5, thick aluminum alloy plate is placed in the backing plate of frock of the present invention
On 1, weldering front direction holds out against front apron 6, after the center line of adjustment weld seam, holds out against movable plate 5 by screw 9 and fixes thick aluminum alloy plate
Lateral, by screw 7 fix u shape pressing plate 3, for compressing the upper surface of thick aluminum alloy plate.
(3) tack welding: also, it is preferred that adopting a diameter of 16mm of the shaft shoulder, mixing needle diameter and length to be respectively in the present embodiment
The positioning stirring-head of 6mm and 5mm carries out positioning welding, and the welding parameter of employing is: rotary speed is preferably 300rpm, welding speed
Degree is preferably 150mm/min, and tilt angle is preferably 2.5 °, and volume under pressure is preferably 0.3mm, and positioning welding finishes rear equating weldering
The burr of seam both sides.
(4) processing of pre-manufactured hole: adopt drill bit processing blind hole in the original position of aluminium alloy thick plate tack weld, blind hole
A diameter of 16mm, depth 32mm of blind hole.After blind hole completion of processing, repeat step (2) completes the clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate.
(5) weld preheating: using described heater, aluminum alloy surface is preheated, in aluminium alloy table during preheating
The thick aluminium sheet of phase same material 3mm is placed in face, and preheating temperature is about 120 DEG C, and preheating withdraws heater after finishing.
(6) formal weld: implement welding using described thick plates with stirring-head, before weldering the center of adjustment mixing needle with pre-
The center superposition of drilling, is preferably 240rpm using rotary speed, and mixing needle is penetrated pre- by decrease speed preferably 10mm/min
In drilling, when the shaft shoulder of stirring-head touches by weldering metallic upper surface, spin friction preferably stops 60s, is then walked
Welding, speed of welding is preferably 50mm/min, and volume under pressure is preferably controlled in 0.6mm, and the inclination angle of stirring-head is preferably 3 °, has welded
After finishing, stirring-head preferably stops 10s in receipts weldering keyhole position, and stirring-head is extracted in then rotation.
(7) post-weld annealed: after welding finishes, thick aluminum alloy plate is dismantled from frock, is then made annealing treatment, temperature
It is preferably 230 DEG C.
Welding carries out x-ray to weld seam after finishing and ultrasound detection is all qualified, its metallograph as shown in Figure 9, weld seam matter
Amount is excellent.
The present invention is by way of increase weld preheating and pre-manufactured hole it is ensured that weld metal thickness approach temperature field
Uniformity, reduces the plastic deformation resistance in metal welding process.In addition, be suitable for the band cone of thick aluminum alloy plate welding by setting
Shape screw thread and be machined with the stirring-head of three planes, can increase in welding process weld metal in the mobility of thickness direction, energy
Pressure under stirring-head when effective control and minimizing welding, simplifies the restriction to welding tool setup for the agitating friction weldering simultaneously, solves
The difficult problem that in thick aluminum alloy plate welding process stirring-head fractures, weldquality cannot ensure, improves thick aluminum alloy plate stirring
Friction welding seam quality and production efficiency.
In the various embodiments described above, the parameter of various welding and part dimension are only for being better described the side of the present invention
Method, however it is not limited to above-mentioned numerical range, can carry out specifically chosen according to actual needs.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheats friction stir welding method, for realizing the firm welding of thick aluminum alloy plate, its feature
It is, the method comprises the following specific steps that:
(1) thick aluminum alloy plate is placed in frock, and holds out against front apron in weldering front direction, after the center line of adjustment weld seam, fixing
Thick aluminum alloy plate lateral, and compress the upper surface of thick aluminum alloy plate, fixed with the clamping completing to-be-welded pieces；
(2) first tack welding is carried out to to-be-welded pieces using positioning stirring-head；
(3) original position in aluminium alloy thick plate tack weld adopts drill bit processing blind hole, as welding pre-manufactured hole, pre-manufactured hole
Diameter 4mm～6mm less than the diameter of welding stirring-head, the depth ratio of the blind hole little 5mm～8mm of aluminium alloy thickness of slab to be welded；
(4) aluminum alloy surface is preheated, the temperature control making thick aluminum alloy plate surface is at 100 DEG C～120 DEG C；
(5) with stirring-head, the thick aluminum alloy plate after preheating is welded by welding, specifically include: before weldering, adjustment welding is with stirring
Center superposition that the center mixing head makes it with pre-manufactured hole rotating penetrates wherein, touches by weldering metal in the shaft shoulder of stirring-head
During surface, spin friction stops certain time, then carries out walking welding, and welding finishes rear stirring-head and stops in receipts weldering keyhole position
Stay the scheduled time, stirring-head is extracted in finally rotation；
(6) after welding finishes, thick aluminum alloy plate is made annealing treatment at a temperature of 200 DEG C～230 DEG C, you can complete to weld
Connect.
2. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate according to claim 1 preheats friction stir welding method, and wherein, described welding is with stirring
Mix head rotation penetrate pre-manufactured hole rotary speed be 240rpm～280rpm, decrease speed be 10mm/min.
3. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate according to claim 1 preheats friction stir welding method, wherein, described walking welding
In, speed of welding is 50mm/min～80mm/min, and volume under pressure controls in 0.4mm～0.6mm, and the inclination angle of stirring-head is 3 °.
4. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, institute
State the spin friction time of staying for 40s～60s.
5. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, institute
State the fixing frock of clamping and include base plate, setting on which floor plate and in welding direction two movable plates, settings positioned opposite
On which floor plate and be located at two side shields between two movable plates, setting on which floor plate and be located at welding direction anterior before
Baffle plate and be arranged in multiple pressing plates on two movable plates in array, described thick aluminum alloy plate to be welded is arranged on this base plate
On, its both sides is laterallyd secure by described side shield respectively, and front portion is fixed by described front apron, and upper surface passes through described
Multiple pressing plate compressions, thus realize the clamping of thick aluminum alloy plate to be welded is fixed.
6. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, institute
State welding stirring-head and include the shaft shoulder of both sides and the mixing needle being located between two shaft shoulders and protruding, wherein, described mixing needle
The cone away from convex shoulder in small end, its outer surface is coaxially arranged with screw thread, and this mixing needle outer surface is evenly equipped with the circumferential
The groove of multiple length directions.
7. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, institute
State the step that to-be-welded pieces also include carrying out Milling Machining and cleaning to it before clamping is fixing, specifically
For: first Milling Process is carried out to the involutory surface of the thick aluminum alloy plate being welded it is ensured that its surface roughness is less than 3.2；So
Soak in lye tank (vat) afterwards and carry out alkali cleaning process, and rinse well.
8. a kind of thick aluminum alloy plate preheating friction stir welding method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, institute
The aluminum alloy surface stating thick aluminum alloy plate carries out the burning preheating for natural gas and oxygen mix for the preheating method of preheated weld, in advance
The combustion section of thermal is square box-like die cavity, and its bottom surface is machined with multiple circular holes to carry out Multi-point combustion.
9. the thick aluminum alloy plate weldment prepared by method any one of a kind of utilization the claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP4317685B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2009-08-19 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Friction stir welding apparatus and joining method thereof |
| US7078647B2 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-07-18 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Arc-enhanced friction stir welding |
| CN101323054B (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-09-01 | 罗键 | Electric conduction-stirring friction composite heat power supply welding method and equipment |
| KR20090069612A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-01 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Friction stir welding system and welding method using thereof |
| CN100556604C (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-11-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | In agitating friction welding materials with high melting point technology, prevent the method for stirring-head wearing and tearing |
| CN101733542B (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2013-05-01 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Method for eliminating incomplete penetration and weak root connection of friction stir welding joint |
| CN101966621B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-06-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric arc preheating repair welding method for stir friction plug |
| CN202846020U (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-04-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Resistance-heat-assistant backfill type friction electric-welding device |
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