CN104226916A - Casting method of slag ladle and casting mold - Google Patents
Casting method of slag ladle and casting mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN104226916A CN104226916A CN201410501152.XA CN201410501152A CN104226916A CN 104226916 A CN104226916 A CN 104226916A CN 201410501152 A CN201410501152 A CN 201410501152A CN 104226916 A CN104226916 A CN 104226916A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a casting method of a slag ladle and a dedicated casting mold for implementing the method. The method comprises the following technical steps: 1. manufacturing the casting mold: (1) designing a pit: designing and manufacturing a casting pit; (2) manufacturing a casting external mold of the slag ladle and a pouring gate system, preparing an external wall cold mold (11) of the slag ladle, connecting the pouring gate system well, and filling an outer sand mold (12); (3) manufacturing a casting inner mold of the slag ladle and a feed head mold, manufacturing an inner wall cold mold (21) of the slag ladle, installing the inner wall cold mold (21) of the slag ladle in the outer wall cold mold (11) of the slag ladle, and defining a slag ladle casting cavity (13) between the inner wall cold mold and the outer wall cold mold, wherein the outer wall cold mold (11) of the slag ladle and the inner wall cold mold (21) of the slag ladle are both made of iron; (4) drying of the mold: drying the mold with hot air till dry; 2. pouring: pouring the casting liquid in the slag ladle casting cavity (13), cooling, and at last obtaining the slag ladle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting method and the casting die of a kind of manufacture method and dedicated manufacturing equipment for the treatment of facility of metallurgical slag, particularly a kind of cinder ladle.
Background technology
Cinder ladle is important carrying and the transhipment parts of Copper making equipment, and its relationship between quality is to copper ashes loading and the safety of transportation.The condition of work of cinder ladle is quite severe, and slag temperature is 1200 degree, sometimes with matte, has damage to cinder ladle.As copper output reaches 300,000 tons, estimate that the amount of mucking haulage will reach 2560 tons, after slow cooling field transported to by cinder ladle flat car every day, be discharged in cooling field with embracing tank car, first natural slow cooling 12 hours, then slow cooling 48 hours of spraying water, pour out with embracing tank car upset after slag integrally curing, empty cinder ladle transports meltshop back again.Along with the develop rapidly of national economy, according to country to the energy-saving and emission-reduction requirement in metal smelt process, the demand of metallurgical slag process is increased day by day, China's copper output Yi Ju world anteposition, newly-built to build Copper making refining Slag treatment project many.Demand total quantity as the essential element cinder ladle on copper smelting slag process for producing line is very large, every bar Slag treatment line year cinder ladle quantity required more than 100, the service life that cinder ladle is general is 3 years.
Cinder ladle internal soundness and outer surface quality requirement high, its hanger load-bearing place needs to carry out ultrasonic examination inspection and reaches and heavily mark the requirement of JB/T5000.14-1998 secondary.Cinder ladle material is generally ZG230-450, and chemical composition and mechanical property should meet GB/T11352-1989 standard.The dimensional tolerance of casting is CT14 level, meet the regulation of GB/T6414-1999, cinder ladle gudgeon adopts forging method to make, put into casting mold after roughing to cast to connect with cinder ladle and be integrated, gudgeon material is 40Cr or 35# steel, gudgeon need carry out ultrasonic examination inspection, should meet the requirement of JB/T5000.14-1998 secondary.
As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, current cinder ladle casting method, it mainly comprises the steps:
One, casting sand mo(u)ld is made
(1), hole is established
The size of casting cinder ladle as required designs and carries out casting melt pit;
(2) cinder ladle foundry goods external mold, is made
Foundry goods external mold sweep is arranged in melt pit, puts into foamed slag and to bind foot plate, scrape loam core shape bottom cinder ladle with sweep, pile foundry goods external mold and cover layer of sand, take out foam full pattern, put into ready loam core.
(3), cinder ladle cores from casting is made
According to foundry slag bag technological requirement, arrange reasonable workbench, be placed on platform by cinder ladle top box, line sets rising head apperance position, gets top box sand mo(u)ld; Install cores from casting sweep, in the middle of piling foundry goods, layer of sand is covered in loam core; After accomplishing fluently loam core, take out sweep, utilize boom hoisting, by top box and loam core mould turnover; Brushing alcohol zircon flour coating.
(4) ladder runner system, is installed
In the process making cinder ladle foundry goods external mold, the cross gate of ladder runner system, ingate and sprue are buried underground;
(5) rising head and loam core, is installed
In the process making cinder ladle loam core, the cover plate loam core meeting the rising head of technological requirement is put on foundry goods die cavity (i.e. cinder ladle casting cavity).
(6), dry
Adopt electric calorifier to blow 120 ~ 250 DEG C of hot-airs and mould drying is carried out 5 ~ 8 hours to foundry goods die cavity;
Two, pour into a mould
By the sprue of ladder runner system, cross gate and ingate, liquid material is injected in the vallecular cavity of foundry goods die cavity with the speed of 18 ~ 25 tpm clocks from foundry goods cavity bottom, when being poured into 0.9 ~ 1.0 of the height of rising head, stop cast; During cast, the degree of superheat of liquid material controls between 40 ~ 60 DEG C;
Described sweep is made by wooden model, and centre arranges rotating shaft, and rotating shaft wall thickness is greater than the φ 100mm steel pipe manufacturing of 10mm; Fixed cross beam is made on sweep top, and beam thickness is greater than 50mm, ensures sweep intensity; Sweep relative position need be rule location; In the course of the work, sweep axle and measurement relative position all can not offset initial, set position.
Described is covering the alcohol zircon flour coating that on layer of sand, brushing 0.4 ~ 0.6mm is thick.
Prior art feature:
1, common rising head is installed.The integral casting process of tradition cinder ladle, utilizes common rising head to carry out feeding, does not adopt cold mold casting method and heat preservation rising head.Analyzed by thermal center, adopt traditional common Feeder Design, at cinder ladle placed on top 6 common open risers of kidney ellipsoid, riser height is higher, and diameter is comparatively large, to consume molten steel amount relatively many, reduce casting process yield.
2, benefit lining is set.Through feeding analysis, traditional handicraft scheme need arrange in rising head bottom foundry goods mend lining, adds additional casting weight, add foundry goods hair only than, casting process yield can only remain between 80-84%.
3, surface quality of continuous castings is general.Tradition riser height is relatively high, and add molten steel pressure, when sand mold intensity is identical, foundry goods easily produces scab defect.Do not adopt special cold mould, cinder ladle surface easily produces burning into sand phenomenon, comparatively large on surface quality of continuous castings impact, adds the surface treatment cost of foundry goods life late stage.
4, traditional cinder ladle founding method, without special cold die craft equipment, can only adopting local external chill Quench, when ensureing foundry goods local quality, cannot meet foundry goods whole interior quality.In use, still there is hidden danger of quality in cinder ladle, cinder ladle life cycle is relatively shorter.
5, moulding button case complicated operation.In the manufacturing process of cinder ladle cores from casting, need to carry out mould turnover operation, produce vibrations in mould turnover process, have certain destruction for sand mold, reduce the intensity of sand mold.In casting process, because sand mold intensity is too low, there will be die cavity inwall sand lump and to drop phenomenon, form cast(ing) surface misrun or swollen bag phenomenon, have impact on casting dimension, the serious molten steel that even there will be misruns, and causes foundry goods to be scrapped.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of casting die of cinder ladle, its casting modulus is few, the foundry goods of feeding is few, rising head is few, low cost, the cinder ladle made by it without shrinkage cavity and porosity, the casting flaw such as flawless, slag inclusion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of casting method of cinder ladle, and it can promote that cinder ladle realizes consecutive solidification, and its production procedure simplifies, the process-cycle is short, product yield is high, and production cost is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of casting die of cinder ladle, and it comprises cinder ladle casting external mold, cinder ladle casting internal mold, runner system and rising head mould; Cinder ladle casting external mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and outer sand mold; The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall is metal pattern; The inner wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall is consistent with the profile of the cinder ladle that will cast; It is peripheral that outer sand mold is located at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall; The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall is provided with the hole that can be connected with runner system;
Cinder ladle casting internal mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall and interior sand mold; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall is metal pattern, and the outer wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall is consistent with the inner wall shape of the cinder ladle that will cast; Between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall from a distance, the cinder ladle casting cavity for casting cinder ladle is formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall; Interior sand mold is located in the cold mold cavity of cinder ladle inwall;
Runner system is embedded in outer sand mold, and it is the pipe-line system be connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall with the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall;
Rising head mould comprises rising head sand mold, and rising head sand mold is arranged on cinder ladle casting external mold and cinder ladle and casts internal mold top, and rising head sand mold is provided with up/down perforation and also casts external mold with cinder ladle and cast with cinder ladle the rising head that the cinder ladle casting cavity upper end that formed between internal mold is connected.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall is swage; The cold mould inner wall lower of cinder ladle outer wall is provided with heelpiece die cavity, gusset die cavity and hangs a chamber; Outer sand mold is made by casting model powder, binding agent; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall is swage; Be provided with sand mold cavity in the middle of interior sand mold, interior sand mold is made by casting model powder, binding agent; The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall are divided into three sections respectively, namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall to comprise in cold mould on cinder ladle outer wall, cinder ladle outer wall cold mould under cold mould, cinder ladle outer wall, and on cinder ladle outer wall, in cold mould, cinder ladle outer wall, under cold mould, cinder ladle outer wall, cold mould is connected successively; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall to comprise in cold mould on cinder ladle inwall, cinder ladle inwall cold mould under cold mould, cinder ladle inwall, and on cinder ladle inwall, in cold mould, cinder ladle inwall, under cold mould, cinder ladle inwall, cold mould is connected successively.
The present invention further technical scheme is: the described cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the wall thickness of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall are 30 to five ten millimeters; The inwall of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the outer wall of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall are also respectively equipped with and cover layer of sand, cover layer of sand and interiorly cover layer of sand namely outward; Cover sand layer thickness and be 35 ~ 45mm, cover sand layer thickness according to the design of T=B/2 ~ 3 formula, wherein T is for covering sand layer thickness, and B is the thickness of the wall of the cinder ladle that will cast; Covering layer of sand is that high-intensity resin is made, and namely makes the material covering layer of sand to be: 70 ~ 140 orders clean sand, resin and curing agent, and wherein resin content is 1.8 % by weight, 25 % by weight of curing agent content resin content, and surplus is for cleaning sand; To cover on layer of sand to be also coated with and be brushed with the thick alcohol zircon flour coating layer of 0.4 ~ 0.6mm.
The present invention further technical scheme is: described runner system is earthenware duct system; Runner system is divided into sprue, cross gate and ingate; Cross gate is an annular or circular arc earthenware, and it is installed in the outer sand mold of the periphery of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, and the upper edge of its position height and the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall maintains an equal level, and the internal diameter of cross gate is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Sprue is earthenware, and it to be vertically arranged on cross gate by one end and to be connected with cross gate, and its other end is connected with cup, sprue is more than one, the sprue of more than one is arranged along cross gate, and central point is at a distance of 800 ~ 1200mm, and sprue internal diameter is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Ingate comprises ingate, middle ingate and lower ingate, and it is earthenware, and upper ingate, middle ingate and lower ingate are arranged from top to bottom, and its one end is connected with cross gate respectively; The other end of upper ingate is connected with the top of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall; The other end of middle ingate is connected with the middle part of outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity formed between cinder ladle cinder ladle casting cavity inwall mould with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall; The other end of lower ingate is connected with the bottom of cinder ladle casting cavity outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall; Lower ingate is the six roots of sensation, and under the six roots of sensation, ingate is evenly arranged along annular cross gate, and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Middle ingate is the six roots of sensation, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate is evenly arranged along annular cross gate, and every root internal diameter is φ 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate is eight, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate is evenly arranged along annular cross gate, and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate, middle ingate and lower ingate are all enclosed with the resin sand of 90 ~ 110mm outward.
The present invention also further technical scheme is: described rising head mould also comprises rising head case, and it is peripheral that rising head case is positioned at rising head sand mold; Rising head is multiple, and multiple opening's edge cinder ladle casting cavity circumference of emitting is uniform; The modular design of rising head is 0.8 ~ 0.9 times of casting modulus, and the height of rising head is 550 ~ 650mm, and diameter is φ 250 ~ 350.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of casting method of cinder ladle, and it comprises following processing step:
One. make casting die
(1). establish hole
The size of casting cinder ladle as required designs and makes casting melt pit;
(2). make cinder ladle casting external mold and runner system
According to the size and shape of the cinder ladle design that will cast, make the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and cinder ladle profile full pattern; The profile of cinder ladle profile full pattern is consistent with the profile of the cinder ladle that the profile of the cinder ladle that will cast maybe will be cast;
Base plane is made in melt pit, cold for cinder ladle outer wall mould is put in the base plane of melt pit, then cinder ladle profile full pattern is placed in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and open the folder chamber covering sand layer thickness outside one deck by empty between cinder ladle profile full pattern, squeezes in this folder chamber and cover layer of sand outward;
Runner system is connected at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, and landfill well outer sand mold;
Take out cinder ladle profile full pattern again;
(3). make cinder ladle casting internal mold and rising head mould
According to the size and shape of the cinder ladle design that will cast, make the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall, cinder ladle casting internal mold core box, rising head case and rising head full pattern; The die cavity be consistent with the profile of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall is provided with in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box;
Cinder ladle is cast internal mold core box pendulum on workbench, in the die cavity of cinder ladle casting internal mold core box, be well placed core box hold out in spite of difficulties, can ensure to leave between cinder ladle casting internal mold core box and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall in being convenient to squeeze into the gap covering layer of sand; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall to be seated in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box and to be located in core box and holds out in spite of difficulties, and covers layer of sand in squeezing in the gap between cinder ladle casting internal mold core box and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall; Interior sand mold is carried out in the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall;
Again rising head case is placed on cinder ladle casting internal mold core box, and by rising head full pattern pendulum at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, cinder ladle inwall cold mould upper edge place, in rising head case, makes rising head sand mold, take out rising head full pattern, rising head can be formed on rising head sand mold; Then by cold for cinder ladle inwall mould together with sand mold on it and interiorly cover layer of sand, rising head case hangs out from cinder ladle casting internal mold core box together with the rising head sand mold in it, be fit in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall of cinder ladle casting external mold, and make to keep a spacing between the two, to form the cinder ladle casting cavity can casting cinder ladle;
(4). mould drying
Adopt hot blast mould drying to dry;
Two. cast
Inject in the cinder ladle casting cavity between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall by runner system by casting liquid, cooling, obtains cinder ladle.
The present invention further another technical scheme is:
Step one (1), cinder ladle design size φ 3440 × 2900mm;
Step one (4), adopts electric calorifier to blow 120 ~ 250 DEG C of hot-airs and carries out baking 5 ~ 8 hours to cinder ladle casting cavity.
The present invention further another technical scheme is:
Step one (2), the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall of making is three sections, and namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall comprises cold mould under cold mould on cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, cinder ladle outer wall; Cinder ladle profile full pattern to comprise in full pattern under cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern, cinder ladle profile, cinder ladle profile full pattern four parts on full pattern and cinder ladle profile; Runner system is divided into sprue, cross gate and ingate, and ingate comprises ingate, middle ingate and lower ingate; Put into each section of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall and each several part of cinder ladle profile full pattern from below to up successively, cover layer of sand outside progressively making from below to up, connect ingate, cross gate and sprue successively from below to up; To take out in cinder ladle profile in full pattern, cinder ladle profile full pattern under full pattern, cinder ladle profile more successively;
Step one (3), the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall is divided into three sections substantially corresponding with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, and namely the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall to comprise in cold mould on cinder ladle inwall, cinder ladle inwall cold mould under cold mould, cinder ladle inwall; Each section of cold for cinder ladle inwall mould is seated to from below to up successively in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box, meanwhile progressively gets from below to up therebetween and cover layer of sand; Interior sand mold thickness is required to be 200 ~ 300mm; Rising head full pattern is multiple, and multiple rising head full pattern is circumferentially uniform; To cover on the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall outside layer of sand and rising head brushing alcohol zircon flour coating on rising head sand mold.
The present invention also another technical scheme further is:
Step 2, casting liquid is liquid ZG230-450 material, liquid ZG230-450 material is injected in cinder ladle casting cavity from bottom cinder ladle casting cavity with the speed of 18 ~ 25 tpm clocks, stops cast when being poured into 0.9 ~ 1.0 height of rising head; During cast, the degree of superheat of liquid ZG230-450 material is at 40 ~ 60 DEG C; The cinder ladle shake out obtained cuts rising head normalizing and adds tempering heat treatment.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
1, (the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall are swage to adopt the cold mould of insulated feeder to cover sand, and have and cover layer of sand, rising head sand mold can be incubated) scheme production cinder ladle, cast-internal does not have Shrinkage cavity defect, and stepped casting program also reaches the object that quick and stable fills type; Emit mouth-shaped to reduce, improve casting process yield, thus low production cost;
2, runner system of the present invention is the step gating system of Stable Filling, and upper, middle and lower three layers of ingate quantity, for cold and detached hanging sand technology, are finally determined through Exact Analysis again, and what ensure that cast steadily fills type fast, facilitates cinder ladle and realizes consecutive solidification;
3, cold mould covers sand (the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall are swage), Quench foundry goods, decrease casting modulus, the foundry goods of required feeding reduces relatively, thus rising head also reduces relatively needed for feeding cinder ladle foundry goods, foundry goods whole interior quality have also been obtained and significantly improves;
4, high-intensity resin sand substitutes the existing sand that covers and can significantly reduce moulding cost, also can simplify production procedure, reduces the production cycle;
5, casting process yield can be controlled in 90% ~ 93%;
6, the cinder ladle foundry goods of the present invention's production, without shrinkage cavity and porosity, the casting flaw such as flawless, slag inclusion, completely by the acceptance that GB7233-87 secondary requires, steady quality.
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, enumerate following examples, but it is without any restrictions to scope of invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the casting die of cinder ladle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the top view (eliminate outer sand mold, interior sand mold exposes the parts such as runner system) of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is that Fig. 1 is along the enlarged drawing within the scope of C line;
Fig. 6 is the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall of the casting die of cinder ladle of the present invention and the structural representation of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall;
Fig. 7 is a kind of state of the art figure that the present invention makes in cinder ladle casting external mold and runner system process;
Fig. 8 is a kind of state of the art figure that the present invention makes in cinder ladle casting internal mold and rising head process;
Fig. 9 is a kind of state of the art figure of cinder ladle of the present invention when having poured into a mould;
Figure 10 is a kind of state of the art figure that prior art makes cinder ladle casting external mold;
Figure 11 is a kind of state of the art figure that prior art makes cinder ladle casting internal mold.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1-6, a kind of casting die of cinder ladle, it comprises cinder ladle casting external mold, cinder ladle casting internal mold, runner system and rising head mould; Cinder ladle casting external mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and outer sand mold 12;
The cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall is metal pattern (reason that why namely Here it is is called " cold mould ", metal is convenient to heat radiation), preferably adopts swage, its low price, during by its casting cinder ladle, good cooling effect, can Quench cinder ladle, expand cinder ladle area of dissipation and reduce cinder ladle modulus, structural capacity is strong; The inner wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 adapts with the profile of the cinder ladle 5 that will cast (be consistent, consistent), the inwall entirety of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 can be found out in an interior parabola (with longitudinal section intersection roughly parabolically shape from Fig. 1,2,6, roughly rounded with cross section intersection (as shown in Figure 3)), cinder ladle outer wall cold mould 11 inner wall lower is provided with heelpiece die cavity 111, gusset die cavity 112 and hangs a chamber 113(as shown in Figure 2), heelpiece (feet) 51, the gusset of cinder ladle can be formed when casting and hang handle; Heelpiece die cavity 111, gusset die cavity 112 and to hang chamber 113 be not often empty before casting, but put into the working of plastics adapted with its shape, working of plastics can improve the stability of whole casting die, and when molten steel injects, molten steel can melt this working of plastics, does not affect the heelpiece 51 of cinder ladle and the formation of gusset.
It is peripheral that outer sand mold 12 is located at the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall, and it is made by casting model powder, binding agent etc., to strengthen the stability of the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall and runner system, intensity and thermal diffusivity.
The cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall is provided with the hole that can be connected with runner system.
Cinder ladle casting internal mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 and interior sand mold 22; The cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall is metal pattern, preferably adopt swage, its low price, during by its casting cinder ladle, good cooling effect, can Quench cinder ladle, expand cinder ladle area of dissipation and reduce cinder ladle modulus, cooling-down effect might as well, the outer wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 adapts with the inwall shape of the cinder ladle 5 that will cast (meet or consistent), can find out that the outer wall shape entirety of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 is in parabola (with longitudinal section intersection roughly parabolically shape, roughly rounded with cross section intersection (as shown in Figure 3)) from accompanying drawing 1,2,6;
Interior sand mold 22 is provided with in cinder ladle inwall cold mould 21 inner chamber, sand mold cavity 221 in one is provided with in the middle of interior sand mold 22, to reduce weight and materials, reduce weight and can be convenient to assembling, the thickness of interior sand mold 22 should be greater than 200 mm(150-250 mm), and stay sand mold cavity 221 in this to be more convenient to heat radiation, interior sand mold 22 is made by casting model powder, adhesive etc.
Between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall from a distance, the cavity (i.e. cinder ladle casting cavity 13) for casting cinder ladle is formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall.
For make and easy for installation, cold for cinder ladle outer wall mould 11 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall can be divided into three sections respectively, namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 to comprise on cinder ladle outer wall in cold mould 114, cinder ladle outer wall cold mould 116 under cold mould 115, cinder ladle outer wall, and on cinder ladle outer wall, in cold mould 114, cinder ladle outer wall, under cold mould 115, cinder ladle outer wall, cold mould 116 connects (being connected respectively by eight bolts) successively; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 to comprise on cinder ladle inwall in cold mould 211, cinder ladle inwall cold mould 213 under cold mould 212, cinder ladle inwall, and on cinder ladle inwall, in cold mould 211, cinder ladle inwall, under cold mould 212, cinder ladle inwall, cold mould 213 is connected by eight bolts successively; Certainly, the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall also can be divided into the similar forms such as two sections, four sections respectively, and segment design can weight reduction, convenient operation.
The wall thickness of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall is all set to about 40 mm (30-50mm).
The inwall of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and the outer wall of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 are also respectively equipped with and cover layer of sand (namely outer cover layer of sand 117 and interiorly cover layer of sand 214), cover sand layer thickness and be 35 ~ 45mm, cover sand layer thickness and can design (preferably T=B/2.5) according to T=B/2 ~ 3 formula, wherein T is for covering sand layer thickness, and B is the thickness (substantially suitable with the thickness of cinder ladle casting cavity 13) of the wall of the cinder ladle 5 that will cast; Covering layer of sand is that high-intensity resin sand is made, namely making the material covering layer of sand is: 70 ~ 140 orders clean sand, resin and curing agent, wherein resin content is 1.8 % by weight of total amount, and curing agent content is 25 % by weight of resin, and surplus is that (clay content is less than the silica sand of 2% for cleaning sand to scouring sand.), adopt the scouring sand of relatively fine particle to contribute to the generation of pre-Sand sticking-resistant, complete the special of alternative routine of this material covers sand; To cover on layer of sand to be also coated with and be brushed with 0.4 ~ 0.6mm(and be preferably 0.5mm) thick alcohol zircon flour coating layer.
As shown in Figure 1, runner system is embedded in outer sand mold 12, and it is follow the earthenware system forming the cavity (i.e. cinder ladle casting cavity 13) for casting cinder ladle between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 with the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall and be connected, runner system is divided into sprue 31, cross gate 32 and ingate 33, cross gate 32 is that an annular earthenware (can not close, be provided with breach, i.e. circular arc, such as, shown in 4 figure), it is installed in the outer sand mold 12 of the periphery of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, the upper edge of its position height and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall maintains an equal level (namely mutually level), also the i.e. upper edge level mutually of the die cavity (i.e. cinder ladle casting cavity 13) for casting cinder ladle that formed with the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 of the height of cross gate 32, the internal diameter of cross gate 32 is that φ 80 ~ 120mm(is generally φ 100mm), sprue 31 is earthenware, it to be vertically arranged on cross gate 32 by one end and to be connected with cross gate 32, its other end is connected with cup, sprue 31 is more than one, be generally two, the sprue 31 of more than one is arranged along cross gate 32, and central point is generally 1000mm at a distance of 800 ~ 1200mm(), sprue 31 internal diameter is that φ 80 ~ 120mm(is generally φ 100mm), ingate 33 comprises ingate 331, middle ingate 332 and lower ingate 333, it is earthenware, upper ingate 331, middle ingate 332 and lower ingate 333 are arranged from top to bottom, its one end is connected with cross gate 32 respectively, when actual design, upper ingate 331, middle ingate 332 and lower ingate 333 can the pipelines of public overlay path when being connected with cross gate 32, namely in, ingate 332 can a part of pipeline of being connected with cross gate 32 of public upper ingate 331, lower ingate 333 can a part of pipeline (as shown in Figure 1) of being connected with cross gate 32 with middle ingate 332 of public upper ingate 331, the other end of upper ingate 331 is connected with the top (i.e. cold mould 114 on cinder ladle outer wall) of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, and be connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity 13 formed between the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, to pour steel in cinder ladle casting cavity 13, the other end of ingate 332 is connected with the middle part (i.e. cold mould in outer wall) of outer wall mold, and is connected, to pour steel in cinder ladle casting cavity 13 with the cinder ladle casting cavity 13 formed between cinder ladle cinder ladle casting cavity 13 inwall mould with the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall, the other end of lower ingate 333 is connected with the bottom (i.e. cold mould under outer wall) of cinder ladle casting cavity 13 outer wall mold, and be connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity 13 formed between the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, to pour steel in cinder ladle casting cavity 13, whole ingate 33 is divided into upper, middle and lower three layers (even can be designed to two-layer or four layers), namely ingate 33 is designed to multilayer (hierarchic structure, staged runner system can be formed), be convenient to the molten steel at the Fast synchronization cast each position of cinder ladle, except improving poring rate, also be convenient to cinder ladle Integral synchronous coagulation forming, strengthen the structural strength of cinder ladle.
Lower ingate 333 is the six roots of sensation, and under the six roots of sensation, ingate 333 is evenly arranged along annular cross gate 32, and every root internal diameter is that φ 50 ~ 70mm(is generally φ 60mm); Middle ingate 332 is the six roots of sensation, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate 332 is evenly arranged along annular cross gate 32, and every root internal diameter is that φ 50 ~ 70mm(is generally φ 60mm); Upper ingate 331 is eight, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate 331 is evenly arranged along annular cross gate 32, and every root internal diameter is that φ 50 ~ 70mm(is generally φ 60mm).
Upper ingate 331, middle ingate 332 and lower ingate 333 be outer to be all enclosed with 90 ~ 110mm(and to be generally 100mm) resin sand, metal run out to prevent cast.
Rising head mould comprises rising head case 41 and rising head sand mold 42, rising head sand mold 42 is positioned at rising head case 41, rising head case 41 and rising head sand mold 42 are arranged on cinder ladle casting external mold and cinder ladle casts internal mold top, rising head sand mold 42 is provided with up/down perforation and casts external mold with cinder ladle casts with cinder ladle the rising head 421 that cinder ladle casting cavity 13 upper end that formed between internal mold is connected, rising head 421 is multiple (shown in Fig. 4 is 8), and multiple rising head 421 is uniform along cinder ladle casting cavity 13 circumference.
The modular design of rising head 421 is 0.8 ~ 0.9 times of casting modulus, makes casting process yield can be controlled in 90% ~ 93%, and the height of rising head 421 is that 550 ~ 650mm(is generally 600mm), diameter is that φ 250 ~ 350(is generally φ 300mm).
A kind of casting method of cinder ladle: as Figure 7-9, for the cinder ladle casting method of material ZG230-450, cinder ladle size φ 3440 × 2900mm, it mainly comprises following processing step:
One. make casting die
(1). establish hole
The size of casting cinder ladle as required designs and makes casting melt pit;
(2). make cinder ladle casting external mold and runner system
According to the size and shape that the cinder ladle 5 that will cast designs, make the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall and cinder ladle profile full pattern 52; In order to easy to operate, cold for cinder ladle outer wall mould 11 can be made three sections, namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 comprises cold mould 116 under cold mould 114 on cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, cinder ladle outer wall; The profile of cinder ladle profile full pattern 52 is consistent (shape is basically identical) with the profile of the cinder ladle 5 that will cast, for easy construction, cinder ladle profile full pattern 52 also can be divided in full pattern 523 under cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern 524, cinder ladle profile, cinder ladle profile full pattern 521 4 independent sectors on full pattern 522 and cinder ladle profile; Cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern 524 can adopt foam to make, and under cinder ladle profile, in full pattern 523, cinder ladle profile, in full pattern 522 and cinder ladle profile, full pattern 521 can adopt molding sand to be made;
Base plane is made in melt pit, cold for cinder ladle outer wall mould 11 is put into (as shown in Figure 7) in the base plane of melt pit, then cinder ladle profile full pattern 52 is placed in the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall, the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall and open the folder chamber (i.e. gap) covering layer of sand 117 thickness outside one deck by empty between cinder ladle profile full pattern 52; Put in the base plane of melt pit by mould 116 cold under cinder ladle outer wall, the bottom of cold mould 116 under cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern 524 is placed in cinder ladle outer wall; Then full pattern 523 under cinder ladle profile to be placed in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and to be positioned on cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern 524, and form certain interval between full pattern 523 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall under making cinder ladle profile and (considered during its tangible design size and will leave gap, to cover layer of sand 117 outside squeezing into, also there is same problem in other similar position below, repeat no more), cover layer of sand 117(hypomere outside squeezing in the gap under cinder ladle profile between full pattern 523 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall); Connect lower ingate 333 at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 simultaneously, and the good casting model powder of landfill (namely making the bottom of outer sand mold 12); Again full pattern 522 in cinder ladle profile to be placed in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and under being positioned at cinder ladle profile on full pattern 523, and make to form certain interval between full pattern 522 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall in cinder ladle profile, cover layer of sand 117(stage casing outside squeezing in the gap in cinder ladle profile between full pattern 522 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall); Ingate 332 in the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall connects simultaneously, and the good casting model powder of landfill (namely making the middle part of outer sand mold 12); Then full pattern 521 in cinder ladle profile to be placed in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 and to be arranged on cinder ladle profile full pattern 522, and make cinder ladle profile forms certain interval between full pattern 521 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall, cover layer of sand 117(epimere outside squeezing in the gap in cinder ladle profile between full pattern 521 periphery and the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall); Connect ingate 331, cross gate 32, sprue 31 at the cold mould 11 of cinder ladle outer wall simultaneously, and the good casting model powder of landfill (namely complete and make outer sand mold 12);
To take out in cinder ladle profile in full pattern 521, cinder ladle profile full pattern 523 under full pattern 522, cinder ladle profile more successively; At foundry goods water route face brushing alcohol zircon flour coating, namely cover brushing alcohol zircon flour coating inside layer of sand 117 outside;
(3). make cinder ladle casting internal mold and rising head mould
As shown in Figure 8, according to the size and shape that the cinder ladle 5 that will cast designs, make the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall, cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23, rising head case 41 and rising head full pattern; Be provided with the die cavity of be consistent with cinder ladle inner chamber (shape is substantially identical) in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23, be also namely provided with the die cavity of to be consistent with the profile of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 (shape is substantially identical); In order to easy to operate, can make three sections substantially corresponding with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11 respectively by the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21, namely the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 to comprise on cinder ladle inwall in cold mould 211, cinder ladle inwall cold mould 213 under cold mould 212, cinder ladle inwall; Cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23 can adopt molding sand to be made; Cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23 and rising head case 41 generally adopt producing wood to form, and are namely wooden model;
Cinder ladle being cast internal mold core box 23 puts on workbench, in the die cavity of cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23, be well placed core box hold out in spite of difficulties 231, core box holds out in spite of difficulties 231 can ensure to leave between cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23 and the cold mould 21 of cinder ladle inwall certain interval (be convenient to squeeze in cover layer of sand 214), mould 213 cold under cinder ladle inwall is placed in core box to be held out in spite of difficulties on 231, gets and covers layer of sand (covering layer of sand 214 hypomere namely) between the two; Under again mould 212 cold in cinder ladle inwall being placed in cinder ladle inwall on cold mould 213, connect cold mould 212 and cold mould 213 bolt between the two under cinder ladle inwall in cinder ladle inwall, in same maintenance cinder ladle inwall, cold mould 212 and cinder ladle casts internal mold core box 23 and are left certain interval, get cold mould 212 and cinder ladle in cinder ladle inwall and cast internal mold core box 23 and cover layer of sand (covering layer of sand 214 stage casing namely) between the two; Again mould 211 cold on cinder ladle inwall to be placed in cinder ladle inwall on cold mould 212, on cinder ladle inwall, cold mould 211 is cast internal mold core box 23 with cinder ladle and is left certain interval between the two, connect cold mould 211 and cold mould 212 bolt between the two in cinder ladle inwall on cinder ladle inwall, get cold mould 211 on cinder ladle inwall and cast internal mold core box 23 with cinder ladle and cover layer of sand (covering layer of sand 214 epimere namely) between the two; With overlying sand (inside cover layer of sand 214 hypomere, in cover layer of sand 214 stage casing, in cover layer of sand 214 epimere) cover layer of sand 214 in common composition; Make the loam core hanging sand layer (in namely being formed sand mold 22) of the medial surface of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 each sections, interior sand mold 22 thickness need be greater than 200mm(and be generally 200-300 mm);
Again rising head case 41 is placed on cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23, and by rising head full pattern pendulum at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall 11, cinder ladle inwall cold mould 21 upper edge place, multiple rising head full pattern is circumferentially uniform, suspension hook is utilized to be articulated on rising head case 41 casees bands (lifting) by cold for cinder ladle inwall mould 21 and interior sand mold 22, get rising head case 41 molding sand (namely forming rising head sand mold 42), take out rising head full pattern, rising head 421 can be formed on rising head sand mold 42; Then cold for cinder ladle inwall mould 21(is comprised sand mold in it 22 and on it in cover layer of sand 214) and rising head case 41(comprise rising head sand mold 42 in it) integrally together hang out from cinder ladle casting internal mold core box 23, then the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall 21 and face, rising head case 41 water route (namely interior cover outside layer of sand 214 with emit inside oral cavity) brushing alcohol zircon flour coating;
Again cold for cinder ladle inwall mould 21(is comprised sand mold in it 22 and on it in cover layer of sand 214) and rising head case 41(comprise rising head sand mold 42 in it) be fit into cinder ladle and cast in external mold, and make to keep a spacing between the two, to form the cavity (i.e. cinder ladle casting cavity 13, as shown in Fig. 1,9) can casting cinder ladle;
(4). mould drying
Adopt electric calorifier to blow 120 ~ 250 DEG C of hot-airs and baking is carried out 5 ~ 8 hours to cinder ladle casting cavity 13, adopt electric calorifier mould drying can shorten the production cycle of cinder ladle casting die, decrease the energy resource consumption of traditional char combustion mould drying and pollutant emission;
Two. cast
By staged runner system (cross gate 32, ingate 33 and sprue 31), liquid ZG230-450 material is injected in cinder ladle casting cavity 13 with the speed of 18 ~ 25 tpm clocks from bottom cinder ladle casting cavity 13, when being poured into 0.9 ~ 1.0 height of rising head, stop cast; During cast, the degree of superheat of liquid ZG230-450 material is between 40 ~ 60 DEG C (degree Celsius); The determination of large-scale steel-casting pouring temperature is mainly determined with reference to liquidus curve, and burning into sand is glued in the too high easy formation of pouring temperature, also easily produces the secondary oxidation of molten steel; Slag sand in too low molten steel and casting mold not easily emersion again, it is better that cold mould covers sand cinder ladle scum silica frost emery stick part, generally selects the less degree of superheat.This material liquidus temperature 1498 DEG C, pouring temperature about 1550 DEG C (1550 DEG C ± 10 DEG C);
The determination of poring rate, it is general all thinner that cinder ladle covers layer of sand (inside cover layer of sand 214, cover layer of sand 117 outward), and it is higher to cover layer of sand height, easily there is covering layer of sand and peel off and collapse phenomenon and affect cinder ladle quality, select poring rate to be faster conducive to preventing the generation of this situation;
The cinder ladle 5 that will cast is obtained at cinder ladle casting cavity 13;
Cinder ladle after casting heavily about 26200kg, waters and focuses on about 28250kg, and foundry goods yield rate reaches 92.7%; The cinder ladle shake out that this example obtains cuts rising head normalizing and adds tempering heat treatment, its mechanical performance indices has all exceeded the performance requirement of JB/T6402-2006, ultrasonic examination inspection is carried out after roughing, meet the requirement of GB7233-87 secondary completely, after fine finishining, magnetic powder inspection also meets the requirement of GB9444-2006 secondary.
Comparison example 1
As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the integral casting process of what prior art adopted is traditional cinder ladle, utilizes common rising head to carry out feeding.Castings material ZG230-450, cinder ladle accessory size φ 3440 × 2900mm, the heavy 26200kg of cinder ladle foundry goods, always waters heavy 31100kg, pouring temperature 1550 DEG C, poring rate 10 tpm clock, ingate medial surface is intake, and 6 kidney ellipsoid rising heads are uniform, riser height 700mm, width 360mm, length 500mm, rising head tapering 1:10.
The shortcoming of this traditional cinder ladle casting method is: interior external mold does not all adopt metal cold mould, and casting modulus is large, and needed for feeding cinder ladle foundry goods, rising head is also larger; Middle mud core is comparatively large, needs special arbor and just can support this mud core, and adopts the consumption of mud core sand comparatively large, and moulding cost is higher; Riser height is comparatively large, and molten steel is powerful to type wall pressure, and foundry goods inside and outside circle easily produces mechanicalness scab, casting cleaning difficulty; This cinder ladle product yield is also only 84.3%, also lower 8 percentage points than current cold die casting product yield.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete structure, as long as adopt the casting die identical or equivalent with the present invention or/and the cinder ladle casting method of processing step is or/and casting die just drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a casting die for cinder ladle, it comprises cinder ladle casting external mold, cinder ladle casting internal mold, runner system and rising head mould; It is characterized in that:
Cinder ladle casting external mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and outer sand mold (12); The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) is metal pattern; The inner wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) is consistent with the profile of the cinder ladle that will cast (5); It is peripheral that outer sand mold (12) is located at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) is provided with the hole that can be connected with runner system;
Cinder ladle casting internal mold comprises the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) and interior sand mold (22); The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is metal pattern, and the outer wall shape of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is consistent with the inner wall shape of the cinder ladle that will cast (5); Interior sand mold (22) is located in the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) inner chamber;
Between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) from a distance, the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) for casting cinder ladle is formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21);
Runner system is embedded in outer sand mold (12), and it is the pipe-line system that the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) with the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is connected;
Rising head mould comprises rising head sand mold (42), rising head sand mold (42) is arranged on cinder ladle casting external mold and cinder ladle and casts internal mold top, and rising head sand mold (42) is provided with up/down perforation and also casts external mold with cinder ladle and cast with cinder ladle the rising head (421) that cinder ladle casting cavity (13) upper end that formed between internal mold is connected.
2. the casting die of cinder ladle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) is swage; The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) inner wall lower is provided with heelpiece die cavity (111), gusset die cavity (112) and hangs a chamber (113); Outer sand mold (12) is made by casting model powder, binding agent; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is swage; Be provided with sand mold cavity (221) in the middle of interior sand mold (22), interior sand mold (22) is made by casting model powder, binding agent;
The cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) are divided into three sections respectively, namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) to comprise on cinder ladle outer wall in cold mould (114), cinder ladle outer wall cold mould (116) under cold mould (115), cinder ladle outer wall, and on cinder ladle outer wall, in cold mould (114), cinder ladle outer wall, under cold mould (115), cinder ladle outer wall, cold mould (116) is connected successively; The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) to comprise on cinder ladle inwall in cold mould (211), cinder ladle inwall cold mould (213) under cold mould (212), cinder ladle inwall, and on cinder ladle inwall, in cold mould (211), cinder ladle inwall, under cold mould (212), cinder ladle inwall, cold mould (213) is connected successively.
3. the casting die of cinder ladle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the described cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the wall thickness of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) are 30 to five ten millimeters; The inwall of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the outer wall of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) are also respectively equipped with and cover layer of sand, cover layer of sand (117) and interiorly cover layer of sand (214) namely outward; Cover sand layer thickness and be 35 ~ 45mm, cover sand layer thickness according to the design of T=B/2 ~ 3 formula, wherein T is for covering sand layer thickness, and B is the thickness of the wall of the cinder ladle (5) that will cast; Cover layer of sand to be made up of high-intensity resin sand, namely making the material covering layer of sand is: 70 ~ 140 orders clean sand, resin and curing agent, and wherein resin content is 1.8 % by weight, and curing agent content is 25 % by weight of resin content, and surplus is for cleaning sand; To cover on layer of sand to be also coated with and be brushed with the thick alcohol zircon flour coating layer of 0.4 ~ 0.6mm.
4. the casting die of cinder ladle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described runner system is earthenware duct system; Runner system is divided into sprue (31), cross gate (32) and ingate (33); Cross gate (32) is an annular or circular arc earthenware, it is installed in the outer sand mold (12) of the periphery of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), the upper edge of its position height and the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) maintains an equal level, and the internal diameter of cross gate (32) is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Sprue (31) is earthenware, it is vertically arranged on cross gate (32) by one end and goes up and be connected with cross gate (32), its other end is connected with cup, sprue (31) is more than one, the sprue (31) of more than one is arranged along cross gate (32), central point is at a distance of 800 ~ 1200mm, and sprue (31) internal diameter is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Ingate (33) comprises ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333), it is earthenware, upper ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333) are arranged from top to bottom, and its one end is connected with cross gate (32) respectively; The other end of upper ingate (331) is connected with the top of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); The other end of middle ingate (332) is connected with the middle part of outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between cinder ladle cinder ladle casting cavity (13) inwall mould with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); The other end of lower ingate (333) is connected with the bottom of cinder ladle casting cavity (13) outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); Lower ingate (333) is the six roots of sensation, and under the six roots of sensation, ingate (333) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Middle ingate (332) is the six roots of sensation, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate (332) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is φ 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate (331) is eight, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate (331) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333) are all enclosed with the resin sand of 90 ~ 110mm outward.
5. the casting die of cinder ladle according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described runner system is earthenware duct system; Runner system is divided into sprue (31), cross gate (32) and ingate (33); Cross gate (32) is an annular or circular arc earthenware, it is installed in the outer sand mold (12) of the periphery of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), the upper edge of its position height and the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) maintains an equal level, and the internal diameter of cross gate (32) is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Sprue (31) is earthenware, it is vertically arranged on cross gate (32) by one end and goes up and be connected with cross gate (32), its other end is connected with cup, sprue (31) is more than one, the sprue (31) of more than one is arranged along cross gate (32), central point is at a distance of 800 ~ 1200mm, and sprue (31) internal diameter is φ 80 ~ 120mm; Ingate (33) comprises ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333), it is earthenware, upper ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333) are arranged from top to bottom, and its one end is connected with cross gate (32) respectively; The other end of upper ingate (331) is connected with the top of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); The other end of middle ingate (332) is connected with the middle part of outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between cinder ladle cinder ladle casting cavity (13) inwall mould with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); The other end of lower ingate (333) is connected with the bottom of cinder ladle casting cavity (13) outer wall mold, and is connected with the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) formed between the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11); Lower ingate (333) is the six roots of sensation, and under the six roots of sensation, ingate (333) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Middle ingate (332) is the six roots of sensation, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate (332) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is φ 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate (331) is eight, and in the six roots of sensation, ingate (331) is evenly arranged along annular cross gate (32), and every root internal diameter is 50 ~ 70mm; Upper ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333) are all enclosed with the resin sand of 90 ~ 110mm outward.
6. the casting die of cinder ladle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described rising head mould also comprises rising head case (41), and it is peripheral that rising head case (41) is positioned at rising head sand mold (42); Rising head (421) is for multiple, and multiple rising head (421) is uniform along cinder ladle casting cavity (13) circumference; The modular design of rising head (421) is 0.8 ~ 0.9 times of casting modulus, and the height of rising head (421) is 550 ~ 650mm, and diameter is φ 250 ~ 350.
7. a casting method for cinder ladle, is characterized in that: it comprises following processing step:
One. make casting die
(1). establish hole
The size of casting cinder ladle as required designs and makes casting melt pit;
(2). make cinder ladle casting external mold and runner system
According to the size and shape that the cinder ladle that will cast (5) designs, make the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and cinder ladle profile full pattern (52); The profile of the cinder ladle that the profile of cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) maybe will be cast with the profile of the cinder ladle that will cast (5) is consistent;
Base plane is made in melt pit, cold for cinder ladle outer wall mould (11) is put in the base plane of melt pit, then cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) is placed in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and sky between cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) is opened the folder chamber covering layer of sand (117) thickness outside one deck, squeezes into and covers layer of sand (117) outward in this folder chamber;
Upper runner system is connected at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), and landfill well outer sand mold (12);
Take out cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) again;
(3). make cinder ladle casting internal mold and rising head mould
According to the size and shape that the cinder ladle that will cast (5) designs, make the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21), cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23), rising head case (41) and rising head full pattern; The die cavity be consistent with the profile of the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is provided with in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23);
Cinder ladle is cast internal mold core box (23) pendulum on workbench, be well placed core box and hold out in spite of difficulties (231) in the die cavity of cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23), can ensure to leave between cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) in being convenient to squeeze into the gap covering layer of sand (214); The cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) to be seated in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23) and to be located in core box to be held out in spite of difficulties on (231), covers layer of sand (214) in squeezing in the gap between cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21); Interior sand mold (22) is carried out in the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21);
Again rising head case (41) is placed on cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23), and by rising head full pattern pendulum at the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) upper edge place, rising head sand mold (42) is made in rising head case (41), take out rising head full pattern, rising head (421) can be formed on rising head sand mold (42); Then by cold for cinder ladle inwall mould (21) together with sand mold (22) on it and interiorly cover layer of sand (214), rising head case (41) hangs out from cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23) together with the rising head sand mold (42) in it, be fit in the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) of cinder ladle casting external mold, and make to keep a spacing between the two, to form the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) can casting cinder ladle;
(4). mould drying
Adopt hot blast mould drying to dry;
Two. cast
To cast in the cinder ladle casting cavity (13) between the liquid injection cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) by runner system, cooling, obtains cinder ladle.
8. the casting method of cinder ladle according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
Step one (1), cinder ladle design size φ 3440 × 2900mm;
Step one (4), adopts electric calorifier to blow 120 ~ 250 DEG C of hot-airs and carries out baking 5 ~ 8 hours to cinder ladle casting cavity (13).
9. the casting method of cinder ladle according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
Step one (2), the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) made is three sections, and namely the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) to comprise on cinder ladle outer wall in cold mould (114), cinder ladle outer wall cold mould (116) under cold mould (115), cinder ladle outer wall; Cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) to comprise in full pattern (523) under cinder ladle heelpiece full pattern (524), cinder ladle profile, cinder ladle profile full pattern (521) four parts on full pattern (522) and cinder ladle profile; Runner system is divided into sprue (31), cross gate (32) and ingate (33), and ingate (33) comprises ingate (331), middle ingate (332) and lower ingate (333); Put into each section of the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11) and each several part of cinder ladle profile full pattern (52) from below to up successively, cover layer of sand (117) outside progressively making from below to up, connect ingate (33), cross gate (32) and sprue (31) from below to up successively; To take out in cinder ladle profile in full pattern (521), cinder ladle profile full pattern (523), rebasing full pattern (524) under full pattern (522), cinder ladle profile more successively;
Step one (3), the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) is divided into three sections substantially corresponding with the cold mould of cinder ladle outer wall (11), and namely the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21) to comprise on cinder ladle inwall in cold mould (211), cinder ladle inwall cold mould (213) under cold mould (212), cinder ladle inwall; Cold for cinder ladle inwall each section of mould (21) is seated to from below to up successively in cinder ladle casting internal mold core box (23), meanwhile progressively gets from below to up therebetween and cover layer of sand (214); Interior sand mold (22) thickness is required to be 200 ~ 300mm; Rising head full pattern is multiple, and multiple rising head full pattern is circumferentially uniform; Rising head (421) the brushing alcohol zircon flour coating on layer of sand (214) outside and rising head sand mold (42) is covered on the cold mould of cinder ladle inwall (21).
10. the casting method of the cinder ladle according to claim 7 or 8 or 9, is characterized in that:
Step 2, casting liquid is liquid ZG230-450 material, liquid ZG230-450 material is injected in cinder ladle casting cavity (13) with the speed of 18 ~ 25 tpm clocks from cinder ladle casting cavity (13) bottom, when being poured into 0.9 ~ 1.0 height of rising head, stops cast; During cast, the degree of superheat of liquid ZG230-450 material is at 40 ~ 60 DEG C; The rear shake out of cinder ladle cooling obtained cuts rising head normalizing and adds tempering heat treatment.
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| CN114799085A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-29 | 合肥市瑞宏重型机械有限公司 | Cavity exhaust device and exhaust method for slag ladle casting |
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| CN105170904A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-23 | 山东瑞浩机械有限公司 | Metallurgical slag basin model-free casting method |
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| CN113305268A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-27 | 烟台恒邦合金材料有限公司 | Casting method of 12 cubic meter slag ladle |
| CN114799085A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-29 | 合肥市瑞宏重型机械有限公司 | Cavity exhaust device and exhaust method for slag ladle casting |
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| CN115213356B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏鑫华能环保工程股份有限公司 | Barrel casting method and casting mold of cyclone dust collector |
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