CN104226104A - Accidental leaking ammonia (gas) treatment powder - Google Patents
Accidental leaking ammonia (gas) treatment powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104226104A CN104226104A CN201410271435.XA CN201410271435A CN104226104A CN 104226104 A CN104226104 A CN 104226104A CN 201410271435 A CN201410271435 A CN 201410271435A CN 104226104 A CN104226104 A CN 104226104A
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Abstract
The invention discloses accidental leaking ammonia (gas) treatment powder which can effectively suppress an accident when ammonia (gas) leaks. As for the treatment principle of the treatment powder for ammonia (gas), a proper carrier for acid or an acidic substance is found out based on acid-base neutralization reaction, so that a treatment agent can be used by being injected in the form of solid powder; the own PH value of the treatment powder is 3-5, so that the treatment powder is easy to clear away and is harmless to equipment and a human body. The ammonia (gas) treatment effect of the treatment powder is achieved in a static simulation device, and the change of ammonia concentration is indirectly monitored by a piece of precision PH test paper. A result shows that when the reaction is executed for one minute, the PH value of the system can be reduced from 11.0 to 9.0; when the reaction is executed for five minutes, the PH value is reduced to 7.2 (ammonia can be nearly completely neutralized); under a condition of same spraying water, when the reaction is executed for one minute, the PH value of the system is reduced to 9.3, and then water is continued to be sprayed, and the PH value cannot be reduced any more. The accidental leaking ammonia (gas) treatment powder disclosed by the invention is accurate and quick in accidental leaking ammonia (gas) treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) and dispose pulvis, can use be sprayed, as ammonia (gas), timely disposal medicament when leaking occurs, accident is effectively contained.
Background technology
As everyone knows, ammonia (gas) is to the poisonous and hazardous chemical substance of human body, but is widely used in industrial and agricultural production.In civilian industry, being mainly used in the field such as nitrogenous fertilizer and compound fertilizer manufacture, nitric acid synthesis, petroleum refining, chemical fibre, plastics industry, medicine, metal heat treatmet, large coal-fired power plant denitration, is also the ammonification raw material of Organic chemical products.In cold storage refrigerating system, the freezer of the overwhelming majority adopts ammonia to be cold-producing medium.In national defense industry, liquefied ammonia can be used for the propellant manufacturing rocket, guided missile.For storage and convenient transportation, conventional pressuring method, by ammoniacal liquor, leaves in ammonia tank (groove) in fluid form.In its production, transport, storage, in case of the damages such as pipeline, valve, storage tank or human factor make liquefied ammonia leak, very easily lead to disastrous consequence, cause great personnel's property loss, bring prestige evil to environment.According to incompletely statistics, since 1949, the large representative accident occurrence frequency of 51 liftings (spy) occurred from China's chemical system and the number of casualties analysis caused, liquefied ammonia comes second.Therefore, development accident leakage ammonia (gas) treatment agent, when accident onset in time by accident control among rudiment, practical significance is great.
When the liquefied ammonia be under uniform temperature and pressure state occurs to leak, near leakage outlet, flash distillation can be there is in position.The ammonia steam leaked out and very tiny ammoniacal liquor drip mixture and suspend in atmosphere and spread, when air carried secretly rapidly entrainment enter said mixture time, ammoniacal liquor drips rapid evaporation, surrounding air is lowered the temperature, form the low-temperature mixed thing of a kind of air and ammonia steam, its density ratio normal air density is large and have heavily gas feature.Therefore for leaking the disposal of liquefied ammonia, corresponding ammonia treatment agent can be developed.What patent CN2544793Y announced is negative pressure method safety environmentally friendly ammonia tail gas device; CN202327650U have developed A leak of liquefied ammonia spray dress; CN101053731A utilizes film base gas absorption techniques, develops membrane method ammonia leakage absorption technique; CN200948399Y adopts film base gas absorption techniques as the core of equipment, for control and the process of ammonia leakage accident.Chemical industry be in progress, in 2003 (22) 2, reported the U.S. Ansul laboratory invention a kind of new called after TARGET-7 steam relax and in and medicament.This chemical agent is easy to use, and it is dangerous significantly to reduce leakage.It is said that this medicament has carried out application test in 3 places of North America.But the existing effective disposal medicament for accident leakage ammonia (gas) of China, can be described as blank.
According to " first batch of emphasis supervision hazardous chemical measure and principle ", hazardous chemical safety measure and the accident emergency of first batch of emphasis supervision dispose principle---2 ammonia, described extinguishing chemical: spray water, water-resistant foam, carbon dioxide, sand.Panel member's chemical industry security expert is produced according to national security, China Chemical Industry safety and sanitation technological associations president ripple in all ages makes hazardous chemical knowledge lecture (2): high concentration leaking area, sprays hydrochloric spray water and carries out neutralizing, dilutes, dissolves.And add forced ventilation, or powerful pump drainage is to outdoor.And the method adopted in the process of found China at present for NH_3 leakage accident, be nearly all utilize water of blooming.Although water is conveniently easy to get, very limited to the disposal effect of leaking ammonia.Therefore, being badly in need of development than being used alone the more efficient treatment agent of spray water, controlling ammonia diffusion, prevent further contingent combustion explosion danger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention have developed a kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) and disposes pulvis, can when ammonia (gas) occurs to leak, and ammonia (gas) neutralization of will leak in time, makes accident effectively be contained.
The accident leakage ammonia (gas) that the present invention develops dispose the disposal principle of pulvis to ammonia (gas) be based on acid-base neutralization reaction, have found suitable acid or the carrier of acidic materials, make treatment agent can pressed powder form spray use.
The leakage ammonia (gas) of the present invention's development disposes the preparation method of pulvis, is a certain amount of acid or acid solid be diluted with water or make suspension.Then adding through grinding 100 ~ 500 order carrier fine powders filtered out, after stirring, putting into 100 DEG C of oven for drying, get 20 ~ 300 order solid particles after pulverizing and use.Disposal pulvis self pH value 3 ~ 5 of preparation.
The accident leakage ammonia (gas) of the present invention's development disposes the disposal effect of pulvis for ammonia (gas), is complete in static analog device.Static analog device is added entrance by reaction bulb, ammonia (or shower water) inlet, temperature monitoring mouth, disposal pulvis and is detected mouth, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and forms.Ammonia is injected, the change of the special pH test paper indirect monitoring ammonia concentration drenched with deionized water in reaction bulb.Reaction result illustrates with reaction time change mapping with pH value in reaction system.
The present invention is different from NH_3 leakage spray equipment, has the following advantages:
(1) directly with the ammonia generation neutralization reaction of leaking, reaction rate is fast, to the containment of accident accurately, fast, put in place.
(2) dispose pulvis and can be made into spray bottle, easy to carry, be convenient to the means of transports such as tank car and carry with car.
(3) the disposal pulvis size tunable system prepared, can not cause secondary dust to pollute, and after using, particle diameter becomes large, more easy-clear.
(4) acidity of the disposal pulvis prepared self is not strong especially and is pressed powder, and easy-clear, the disposal pulvis of many sprays during accident rescue will cause anything to endanger to equipment and human body.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is contrast experiment's example 1, and Water spray disposes effect curve to ammonia.
Fig. 2 is that disposal pulvis 1 pair of ammonia prepared by embodiment 1 disposes effect curve.
Fig. 3 is that disposal pulvis 2 pairs of ammonias prepared by embodiment 2 dispose effect curve.
Fig. 4 is that disposal pulvis 3 pairs of ammonias prepared by embodiment 3 dispose effect curve.
Detailed description of the invention
Contrast experiment's example 1
40ml ammonia is injected 3.6L reaction bulb, magnetic stirring apparatus stirs and makes gas dispersion even, under room temperature, spray into 25ml running water, after system pH value was down to 9.3 in one minute, continue water spray to 10 minutes, the pH value of system but no longer changes, and shows that now ammonia reaches absorption equilibrium in water.Infer during actual NH_3 leakage is speedily carried out rescue work that under also there will be certain temperature and pressure, ammonia absorbs the situation reaching balance.Monitoring system temperature variations: when one minute, temperature has the rising of 0.2 DEG C, and in subsequent process, temperature is unchanged.System pH value in time situation of change such as Fig. 1 shows.
Embodiment 1
Get citric acid 1.5ml, hydrochloric acid 0.5ml, add alumina support fine powder 30.0g after being diluted with water 30 times, stir, put into 100 DEG C of oven for drying.Getting 80 order particles after pulverizing is that example 1 ammonia (gas) disposes pulvis.40ml ammonia is injected 3.6L reaction bulb, and magnetic stirring apparatus stirs and makes gas dispersion even, add 4g example 1 ammonia (gas) under room temperature and dispose pulvis, system pH value reduces to 8.8 when 5 minutes after being down to 9.3 by 11.0 in one minute.Variations in temperature is with contrast experiment's example 1.System pH value in time situation of change such as Fig. 2 shows.
Embodiment 2
Just citric acid is changed to phosphorus pentoxide, other conditions are with example 1.System pH value in time situation of change such as Fig. 3 shows.
Embodiment 3
Just aluminium oxide is changed to kaolin, other conditions are with example 1.System pH value in time situation of change such as Fig. 4 shows.
Claims (6)
1. the present invention have developed a kind of ways of the world leakage ammonia (gas) and disposes pulvis.Disposing pulvis for effective disposal principle of ammonia (gas) is that the present invention have found suitable acid or the carrier of acidic materials based on acid-base neutralization reaction, and treatment agent the form of pressed powder can be sprayed and use.
2. it is solid, powdery material that a kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) described in right 1 disposes pulvis, by mass percentage, treatment agent consist of acid or acidic materials 3 ~ 80%, carrier 20 ~ 90%.
3. leakage ammonia (gas) according to claims 1 to 2 disposes pulvis, it is characterized in that the active ingredient acid of this treatment agent is inorganic acid, organic acid or solid acid.
4. leakage ammonia (gas) according to claims 1 to 2 disposes pulvis, it is characterized in that the active ingredient acidic materials of this treatment agent are III, IV, V, VI main group metal, nonmetal chloride, fluoride, sulfide, oxide, hydroxide and salt.
5. leakage ammonia (gas) according to claims 1 to 2 disposes pulvis, it is characterized in that the carrier of this treatment agent is the silicate minerals such as solid and kaolin, imvite, vermiculite such as active carbon, aluminium oxide, bentonite, pond mud, carbide slag or natural molecule sieve.
6. leakage ammonia (gas) according to claims 1 to 4 disposes the preparation method of pulvis, is a certain amount of acid or acid solid be diluted with water or make suspension.Then add through grinding 100 ~ 500 order carrier fine powders filtered out, put into 100 DEG C of oven for drying after stirring, getting 20 ~ 300 order solid particles after pulverizing is that prepared accident leakage ammonia (gas) disposes pulvis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410271435.XA CN104226104B (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | A kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) disposes pulvis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410271435.XA CN104226104B (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | A kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) disposes pulvis |
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| CN104226104A true CN104226104A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CN104226104B CN104226104B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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| CN201410271435.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104226104B (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | A kind of accident leakage ammonia (gas) disposes pulvis |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102989113A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-27 | 总装备部工程设计研究总院 | Alkaline powder for treating leaked hydrochloric acid and acid mist thereof and preparation method of alkaline powder |
| CN103263844A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 总装备部工程设计研究总院 | Alkaline powder for treating leaked liquid chlorine and chlorine gas and preparation method of alkaline powder |
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2014
- 2014-06-18 CN CN201410271435.XA patent/CN104226104B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102989113A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-27 | 总装备部工程设计研究总院 | Alkaline powder for treating leaked hydrochloric acid and acid mist thereof and preparation method of alkaline powder |
| CN103263844A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 总装备部工程设计研究总院 | Alkaline powder for treating leaked liquid chlorine and chlorine gas and preparation method of alkaline powder |
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| CN104226104B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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