CN104219189B - The extensive MIMO communication means in angle time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband - Google Patents
The extensive MIMO communication means in angle time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of extensive MIMO communication means in angle time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband.Base station side carries out radio communication simultaneously on each subcarrier with multiple users.The detection sequence of each user is generated by same permanent mode sequence by frequency domain modulation, different user sends uplink detection signal simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols, base station side obtains the angle time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of each user accordingly, and thereby determines that the pilot modulated factor of each user.The pilot frequency sequence of each user is generated by same permanent mode sequence by frequency domain modulation, different user sends uplink pilot signal simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols, and base station side obtains the channel estimation value of each user's pilot and data segment accordingly.On each subcarrier, base station side implements up-downgoing Robust Transmission according to channel estimation value and evaluated error space correlation battle array.The present invention can reduce system pilot expense, lifting system frequency spectrum and power efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extensive mimo wireless communication method in the broadband of use multiple antennas, more particularly to a kind of angle
The extensive mimo wireless communication method in degree-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband.
Background technology
The extensive mimo wireless communication technology that base station side is equipped with large-scale antenna array can be with deep exploitation wireless channel
Spatial Dimension resource, can further lift the validity of wireless communication system and reliable compared to traditional small-scale MIMO technology
Property, cause the extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters.Actual radio propagation channel is broad-band channel, and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Broad-band channel can be decomposed into multiple parallel narrow band channels with (OFDM) technology, extensive MIMO combinations OFDM is of future generation
One of development trend of wide-band mobile communication system.
Wireless communication system transmission quality depends on the order of accuarcy of channel parameter estimation, in order to accurately and timely obtain letter
Road estimates of parameters, in practice frequently with the channel estimation methods based on pilot aided.For large-scale and multiple users MIMO-OFDM
For wireless communication system, there is substantial amounts of channel parameter to need estimation, this will cause substantial amounts of pilot-frequency expense.Meanwhile, linearly most
Small mean square error channel estimation needs higher dimensional matrix inversion operation, and implementation complexity is higher.Pilot-frequency expense and channel estimation
Complexity turns into the bottleneck problem of extensive MIMO-OFDM radio communications.
Actual wide-band wire-less transmitting channel is presented energy in angle-time delay domain and concentrates characteristic, can have using the characteristic
Imitate the pilot-frequency expense of reduction system.Decorrelation characteristic is presented in angle-time delay domain in extensive MIMO-OFDM channels, utilizes the spy
Performance enough effectively reduces the implementation complexity of linear minimum mean-squared error channel estimation.Based on above characteristic, The present invention gives
A kind of extensive MIMO channel radios in angle-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information
Letter method.
The content of the invention
Technical problem：It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of angle based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information-
The extensive mimo wireless communication method in time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, fully excavates the pilot resources of angle-time delay domain, saves system
The pilot-frequency expense of system, reduces the complexity of channel estimation.The basic characteristics of this method are that each user is one or more in cell
Send uplink detection signal on multiple subcarriers of continuous OFDM symbol simultaneously, base station side obtain accordingly each user angle-when
Prolong domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information.Each user sends up simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols
Pilot signal, the frequency-domain pilot sequence of different user is generated by same sequence by frequency domain modulation.Base station side utilizes each user
Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, be dynamically determined pilot modulated pattern, i.e., the frequency-domain pilot sequence modulation of each user
The factor.
Technical scheme：A kind of extensive MIMO communication means in angle-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, it is characterised in that the party
Method is specially：
A. it is applied to the extensive mimo wireless communication system in time division duplex broadband, using modulating in OFDM side
Formula, base station carries out radio communication simultaneously on each subcarrier with multiple users；
B. communication process is made up of multiple successive frames, each frame signal by frame head uplink detection signal and multiple subframe groups
Into；The signal of each subframe is made up of multiple OFDM symbols, and each subframe is successively by upstream data. signals section, uplink pilot signal
Section and downlink data signal section composition, transmit uplink transmission signals and ascending pilot frequency letter that user is sent to base station respectively
Number and base station issue the downlink transmission signal of user；
C. base station side obtains angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel of each user in cell by the uplink detection of each user
Information, the detectable signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal resource；
Many height of each user in one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each subframe uplink pilot signal section in d cells
While different user is in the multiple continuous OFDM symbols of uplink pilot signal section in transmission uplink pilot signal, same cell on carrier wave
Pilot frequency sequence is generated by same pilot frequency sequence by frequency domain modulation used in upper, and the pilot modulated factor of different user is by base station
Side is dynamically determined according to each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information；
E. angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information according to each user, base station side utilizes present sub-frame ascending pilot frequency
The pilot signal that signal segment is received is carried out to channel parameter of each user in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Estimation, and using the pilot modulated factor of each user, determine the letter of each user in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Channel estimation error space correlation battle array；
F. base station side utilizes the time domain related features of channel and the channel parameter estimation value of present sub-frame pilot signal section,
Implement that present sub-frame is up and each OFDM symbol of downlink data signal section on each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, and obtain data letter
The channel estimation errors space correlation battle array of each user in each OFDM symbol of number section；
G. in upstream data transmission phase, each user sends upstream data. signals, base simultaneously on each subcarrier respectively
The data-signal stood received by the storage of side, treats that base station side has received uplink pilot signal and completed present sub-frame upstream data letter
After each subscriber channel parameter Estimation in each OFDM symbol of number section, channel parameter estimation value and evaluated error space correlation are utilized
Battle array carries out robust reception processing to uplink data signals；
H. in the downlink data transmission stage, base station side sends data letter simultaneously on each subcarrier to each user respectively
Number, base station side utilizes each subscriber channel estimates of parameters in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame downlink data signal section and estimation
Error space Correlation Matrix, robust pre-coding is implemented on each subcarrier respectively, and data-signal, each user are sent simultaneously to each user
Carry out reception processing respectively on each subcarrier；
I. angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of the base station side according to each user, determines each user in this cell
The pilot sequence modulates factor of each user in pilot modulated pattern, i.e. cell, and notify each user in this cell.
The described extensive mimo wireless communication system in time division duplex broadband uses OFDM modulation systems, and base station side exists respectively
Communicated simultaneously with multiple users on each subcarrier.
Described uplink transmission signals include uplink detection signal, upstream data. signals and uplink pilot signal, under
Downlink transmission signal includes downlink data signal.Transmitting procedure can be divided into multiple continuous frames, and each frame signal is by frame head
Uplink detection signal and multiple subframes composition.The signal of each subframe is made up of multiple OFDM symbols, each subframe successively by
Upstream data. signals section, uplink pilot signal section and downlink data signal section composition.
The angle of described each user-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information acquisition by up-link channel detection process
Complete.Each user sends uplink detection simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each frame frame head
Signal, the detectable signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal resource.The frequency domain detection letter of different user in same cell
Number by same permanent mode sequence (the basic detection sequence for being referred to as the cell) by frequency domain modulation generation, the basic detection of neighbor cell
There is sequence requirements preferable cross correlation, i.e. cross-correlation to be less than the threshold value required by system.Each cell base station foundation connects
The uplink detection signal received obtains the least-squares estimation of angle-time delay domain channel parameter in each user's present frame in cell,
And then angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, i.e. angle-the time delay domain letter of each user in present frame is estimated using iterative method
Road energy coupling matrix.
One or more continuous OFDM symbols of each user in each subframe uplink pilot signal section in described cell
Uplink pilot signal is sent on multiple subcarriers simultaneously.Pilot frequency sequence used in different user is by same pilot tone in same cell
Sequence (the basic pilot frequency sequence for being referred to as the cell) is by frequency domain modulation generation, and its modulation factor is by base station side according to each in cell
The angle of user-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information is dynamically determined.The basic pilot frequency sequence requirement of neighbor cell has preferable
Cross correlation, i.e., cross-correlation be less than system required by threshold value.
The pilot signal that the base station side is received using present sub-frame uplink pilot signal section is to each user in current son
Channel parameter in each OFDM symbol of frame is estimated.Base station side is believed using angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel of each user
Breath, realizes the linear minimum mean-squared error channel parameter estimation of low complex degree.Angle-time delay domain channel of each user is joined first
Number implements least-squares estimation, and then according to the decorrelation characteristic of angle-time delay domain channel, angle-time delay domain channel is implemented
Low complex degree by element least-squares estimation, obtain sky of each user in present sub-frame pilot signal section finally by unitary transformation
M- frequency domain channel parameter estimation value.Each subscriber channel evaluated error space correlation of pilot signal section battle array by each user perspective-
Time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information and pilot modulated pattern are determined.
The base station side utilizes the time domain related features of channel and the channel parameter estimation of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Value, implement that present sub-frame is up and each OFDM symbol of downlink data signal section on each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, and obtain number
It is believed that the channel estimation errors space correlation battle array in each OFDM symbol of number section.Each subscriber channel evaluated error space of data signal segment
Correlation Matrix passes through each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, channel time domain correlation properties and pilot modulated pattern
It is determined that.
It is described in upstream data transmission phase, each user sends upstream data letter simultaneously on each subcarrier respectively
Number, the received data-signal of base station side storage.Treat that base station has received uplink pilot signal and completed line number on present sub-frame
It is believed that in each OFDM symbol of number section after each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, channel parameter estimation value is utilized on each subcarrier respectively
And evaluated error space correlation battle array carries out robust reception processing to uplink data signals.
It is described in the downlink data transmission stage, base station side sends data simultaneously on each subcarrier to each user respectively
Signal.Base station utilizes each subscriber channel estimates of parameters in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame downlink data signal section and estimation
Error space Correlation Matrix, robust pre-coding is implemented on each subcarrier respectively, and data-signal, each user are sent simultaneously to each user
Carry out reception processing respectively on each subcarrier.
Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of the described base station side according to each user, determines respectively to use in this cell
The pilot modulated pattern at family, i.e., the pilot tone modulation factor of each user in cell, and notify each user in this cell.It is each to use
The pilot modulated factor at family is according to angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information adaptive change.
Beneficial effect：Angle-time delay domain pilot tone based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information that the present invention is provided
The extensive mimo wireless communication method of Duplex-Wideband has the following advantages that：
1st, leading for angle-time delay domain is fully excavated in the statistical nature of angle-time delay domain using wide-band wire-less transmitting channel
Frequency resource, is greatly reduced the pilot-frequency expense of system, and then the spectrum efficiency and power efficiency of lifting system.
Pilot resources are carried out adaptive dynamic by the 2nd, angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information according to each user
Scheduling, while pilot-frequency expense is reduced, ensures channel estimating performance, and the flexibility of lifting system.
3rd, it can be greatly reduced linearly most in the decorrelation characteristic of angle-time delay domain using the extensive mimo channel in broadband
The implementation complexity of small mean square error channel estimation.The channel of data transfer phase is carried out using the time domain related features of channel
Estimation, further improves the accuracy of data segment channel estimation.
4th, each frame upstream data. signals are sent before uplink pilot signal, reduce channel estimation inaccurate to up
The influence of data transmission performance, improves the robustness of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
In required for the accompanying drawing that uses be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description only show the one of the present invention
A little embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these
Accompanying drawing obtains the accompanying drawing of other embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the extensive MIMO-OFDM systems transmission signal frame knot based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information
Structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is only this
Invent a part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art exist
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
1st, system configuration, transmission signal frame structure and communication process
In multi cell cellular system, each cell base station side configuration includes the extensive antenna array of dozens of above antenna element
Row, large-scale antenna array can be using one of a variety of array structures such as linear array, circular array or plate array.Assuming that base station side is matched somebody with somebody
Standby antenna element number is M, and each antenna element can use omnidirectional antenna or fan antenna, when each antenna element uses omnidirectional
When antenna, 120 degree of fan antennas and 60 degree of fan antennas, the spacing between each antenna element can be configured to 1/2 wavelength,Ripple
Long and 1 wavelength.Each antenna element can use single polarization or multi-polarization antenna.Assuming that there is K outfit single antenna in cell
User, withRepresent user's set.User uses time division duplex transmission pattern with base station communication, using band
OFDM (OFDM) modulation technique of cyclic prefix, subcarrier number is Nc, circulating prefix-length is Ng。
Fig. 1 is that angle-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information is extensive
Mimo wireless communication system transmission signal frame structural representation, wherein being sent to the uplink transmission signals bag of base station by user
Uplink detection signal, upstream data. signals and uplink pilot signal are included, the downlink transmission signal of user is sent to by base station
Including downlink data signal.System transmitting procedure can be divided into multiple continuous frames, each frame signal by frame head uplink detection
Signal and multiple subframes composition.The signal of each subframe is made up of multiple OFDM symbols, and each sub-frame signals are successively by upper line number
It is believed that number section, uplink pilot signal section and downlink data signal section composition.
Under this kind of system configuration, the extensive MIMO-OFDM in broadband based on angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information
Wireless communication procedure includes following six step：
1) angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information acquisition：The angle of each user-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information
Obtain and completed by the channel detection process of up-link.One or more continuous OFDM symbols of each user in each frame frame head
Uplink detection signal is sent on multiple subcarriers simultaneously, the detectable signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal resource, respectively
The frequency domain detectable signal of user is generated by same permanent mode sequence by frequency domain modulation.Base station is obtained according to the detectable signal received
The least-squares estimation of each user perspective-time delay domain channel parameter in present frame, and then estimate each in present frame using iterative method
The angle of user-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, i.e. angle-time delay domain channel energy coupling matrix.
2) pilot resources are dispatched：Each user is in the one or more continuous of each subframe uplink pilot signal section in cell
While pilot signal transmitted, the pilot signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal money on multiple subcarriers of OFDM symbol
Source, frequency-domain pilot sequence used in each user is generated by same permanent mode sequence by frequency domain modulation.Base station side is using being obtained
Each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information implement pilot resources scheduling, determine pilot modulated pattern, i.e., each use
The uplink pilot sequence modulation factor at family, and each user in notifying cell.
3) upstream data. signals are sent：When each subframe starts, each user sends line number simultaneously on each subcarrier
It is believed that number.The received upstream data. signals of base station side storage, do not deal with.
4) uplink pilot signal transmission and channel parameter estimation：Each user sends respective uplink pilot signal, base station side
Using the pilot signal received, obtain channel parameter of each user in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame pilot signal section and estimate
Meter.And then using the time domain related features of channel, each user is obtained in present sub-frame upstream data. signals section and downlink data
Channel parameter estimation in each OFDM symbol of signal segment.Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel letter of the base station side according to each user
Breath and the pilot modulated factor of each user, determine that channel estimation errors of each user in each OFDM symbol of pilot signal section are empty
Between Correlation Matrix.
5) up robust data reception processing：Base station side is divided on each subcarrier the reception processing of each user uplink data
Not carry out.Base station side utilizes channel parameter of each user obtained in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame upstream data. signals section
Estimation and evaluated error space correlation battle array, the upstream data. signals to storage carry out robust reception respectively on each subcarrier
Processing, obtains the estimate that each user uplink sends data-signal, and then obtain transmission bit data flow.
6) descending robust pre-coding data transfer：Base station side is transmitted in each sub- load to each user's downlink data robust pre-coding
Carried out respectively on ripple.Base station side using each subscriber channel parameter Estimation in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame downlink data signal section with
And evaluated error space correlation battle array, calculate and send number to each subscriber signal on each subcarrier of present sub-frame downlink data signal section
It is believed that number needed for robust pre-coding matrix, descending transmission signal is thus generated, from base station side respectively on each subcarrier to each
User sends simultaneously, and each user carries out reception processing respectively according to the signal received on each subcarrier, obtains descending send
Bit data flow.
2nd, angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information acquisition
Base station side to the acquisition of each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information by each user ascending channel detecting
Process is completed.Each user sends up simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each frame frame head
Detectable signal, the detectable signal of different user is generated by same permanent mode sequence by frequency domain modulation.
With gT, k, n, mIn t n-th of subcarrier of frame detection phase between expression m-th of antenna element of user k and base station side
On channel parameter.Make gT, k, n=[gT, k, n, 1 gT, k, n, 2 … gT, k, n, M]T, wherein subscript T represents vector transposition computing,If Gt, k statistical model are
Wherein U is the fixed matrix (being referred to as space characteristics mode matrix) depending on base station side antenna configuration mode, MkBy user k spy
Matrix that some channel statistical parameters is constituted (each element be on the occasion of),Each element obey independent same distribution assume
(each element average is that zero, variance is 1),For by NcTie up the preceding N of DFT matrixesgThe matrix of composition is arranged, ⊙ is represented by element
Product.Claim HT, kAngle-time delay two dimensional character mode field channel matrix for user k in the t frame detection phases, abbreviation angle-when
Prolong domain channel matrix.If Ωk=Mk⊙Mk, in the case of known to space characteristics mode matrix U, ΩkThe use of as required acquisition
Family k angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, referred to as angle-time delay two dimensional character mode field channel energy coupling matrix,
Abbreviation angle-time delay domain channel energy coupling matrix.
If each user is in the Q of each frame frame headsdSent simultaneously in individual continuous OFDM symbol, wherein QsdMeet KNg≤QsdNc。
WithRepresent that user k (0≤k≤K-1) is in each frame frame head q (0≤q≤Q in cellsd- 1) individual n-th of son of OFDM symbol
The detectable signal sent on carrier wave.Detectable signals of the user k in each q-th of OFDM symbol of frame frame head is denoted asWherein subscript T represents vector transposition computing.
Transmission signal of the different user in uplink detection stage each OFDM symbol is by same sequence xsdAdjusted by frequency domain
System generation, wherein xsdIt is N for a dimensionc× 1 permanent mode sequence, meetsDiag { x } table
Show the diagonal matrix that diagonal entry is x.For user k, its transmission signal in q-th of OFDM symbol of uplink detection stage
It can be generated by following formula：
WhereinFor detectable signal transmission power,Represent k to QsdModulo operation,Represent no more than x most
Big integer, VsdFor arbitrary Qsd×QsdThe unitary matrice of dimension, [V]A, bRepresent to be located at the element that matrix V a rows b is arranged, ⊙ is represented
Vector is by element product, pilot modulated vectorExpression formula for any x is as follows：
Wherein exp (x) represents nature truth of a matter exp x power operation, and j is imaginary number unit, and π is pi constant.
WithRepresent that base station side m roots antenna connects on q-th of detection n-th of subcarrier of OFDM symbol of t frames
The detectable signal received.If Order WhereinFor user
The detectable signal that k is sent in each q-th of OFDM symbol of frame frame head.In the uplink detection stage of t frames, base station side is received
Detectable signal be
Wherein diag { x } represents the diagonal matrix that diagonal entry is x,For additive white Gaussian noise matrix, its each
The average of element is zero, and variance is
In t-th of transmission frame, the detectable signal first by receivingObtain each user perspective-time delay domain channel square
The estimate of battle array, calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein subscript H represents vector conjugate transposition computing.Make angle-time delay domain channels of the user k in t-th of transmission frame
Energy coupling matrix ΩkEstimate beThen angle-time delay domain channel energy in present frame is obtained using iterative method
The estimate of coupling matrix, calculation formula is as follows：
Each element of wherein subscript * representing matrixs takes conjugate operation, and χ is forgetting factor, meets 0 ＜ χ ＜ 1.
3rd, pilot signal is laid and angle-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing
Using different user channel in the sparse characteristic of angle-time delay domain, different user can be in identical running time-frequency resource
Upper simultaneous transmission pilot signal, so as to effectively reduce the pilot-frequency expense of extensive MIMO-OFDM wireless communication systems.
Different user is sent simultaneously in one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each subframe pilot signal section in cell
Uplink pilot signal.Frequency-domain pilot sequence in cell transmitted by each user (is referred to as the basic of the cell by a permanent mode sequence
Pilot frequency sequence) by frequency domain modulation generation, angle-time delay domain two dimension of its modulation factor by base station side according to each user in cell
Statistic channel information is dynamically determined.The basic pilot frequency sequence requirement of neighbor cell has preferable cross correlation, i.e. cross-correlation
Less than the threshold value required by system.
Assuming that in cell the uplink pilot signal transmission process of each user in each subframe from tpTo tp+Qtr- 1 is total to
QtrCarried out in individual continuous OFDM symbol.For user u, its pilot modulated factor is Δu, modulation factor is from modulation factor setMiddle to choose, it is in q (tp≤q≤tp+Qtr- 1) frequency-domain pilot sequence sent in individual OFDM symbol
For：
Wherein xtrThe basic pilot frequency sequence of current area is represented, is metVtrIt is any
One Qtr×QtrThe unitary matrice of dimension,For emission power of pilot signal,For a Nc× 1 pilot sequence modulates vector,
Its i-th of element is
Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of the base station side according to each user in cell, determines each user in cell
The modulation factor of pilot frequency sequence, and notify each user.Each user generates respective pilot frequency sequence, and is led in the up of each subframe
Frequency signal segment sends uplink pilot sequence.
4th, pilot signal section low complex degree two dimensional channel parameter Estimation
The up channel parameter Estimation of each user is carried out respectively in the base station side of each cell.Up in each subframe is led
All users send ascending pilot frequency simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols in frequency signal segment, cell
Signal, base station side obtains the channel parameter estimation and evaluated error space correlation battle array of present sub-frame pilot signal section accordingly.
In each subframe, each user is from t in cellpTo tp+Qtr- 1 common QtrIndividual continuous OFDM symbol it is many
Uplink pilot signal is sent on individual subcarrier simultaneously.WithRepresent base station side m roots antenna in present sub-frame tpIndividual OFDM
The pilot signal that n-th of received over subcarriers of symbol is arrived,Represent m-th of antenna element of user k and base station side between
T in present sub-framepChannel parameter on individual n-th of subcarrier of OFDM symbol.If Then exist
The uplink pilot signal transmission phase of present sub-frame, the pilot signal that base station side is received is
Wherein ZtrFor additive white Gaussian noise matrix, the average of its each element is zero, and variance is
Base station side utilizes the decorrelation characteristic between angle-time delay formula domain channel each element, and base station side can be realized low multiple
The extensive MIMO-OFDM channel parameter estimations of linear minimum mean-squared error of miscellaneous degree.
For the user k in current area, the least-squares estimation value of its angle-time delay domain channel parameter is obtained first such as
Under：
According to angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of extensive MIMO-OFDM channels, can obtain its angle-when
Prolong the Linear Minimum Mean-Square Error Estimation of the channel parameter in domain.Because extensive MIMO-OFDM channels are presented in angle-time delay domain
Decorrelation characteristic, can be rightEach element carry out Linear Minimum Mean-Square Error Estimation respectively so that it is complicated to reduce realization
Spend, the estimator of its i-th row jth column element is：
WhereinΩkFor angle-time delay domain channel energy coupling matrix of user k in present frame
Estimate,Calculation formula for arbitrary integer Δ is
FoundationThe space-frequency domain channel parameter estimation value of present sub-frame uplink pilot signal section can be obtained such as
Under：
User k is as follows in the channel estimation errors space correlation battle array of uplink pilot signal section：
WhereinThe calculation formula of i-th of element is：
5th, data signal segment two dimensional channel parameter Estimation
The time domain related features of obtained present sub-frame pilot signal section channel parameter estimation value and channel are utilized, can be with
The channel parameter of and downlink data signal up to present sub-frame section is estimated (also known as channel estimating).It is false for user k
If the channel maximum Doppler frequency offset for the user k that base station side estimation is obtained is vk, and it is in present sub-frame uplink pilot signal
Section (tpTo tp+Qtr- 1 OFDM symbol) channel estimation value beThen it is located at present sub-frame data signal segment (tp+
ΔtIndividual OFDM symbol) space-frequency domain channel parameter estimation value can be calculated as follows：
Wherein ρk(x)=J0(2πvkTsymX), TsymFor system OFDM symbol length, J0(x) be variable be x the first kind zero
Rank Bessel function.
User k is calculated as follows in the channel estimation errors space correlation battle array of data signal segment：
WhereinThe calculation formula of i-th of element be：
6th, up robust data reception
In each subframe, each user sends upstream data. signals simultaneously on each subcarrier respectively first, and base station side is deposited
The received signal of storage.Treat that base station side has received uplink pilot signal and completed the channel parameter estimation of upstream data. signals section
When, using upstream data. signals section channel estimation value and channel estimation errors space correlation battle array, distinguish on each subcarrier
Robust reception is implemented to uplink data.
Up robust number is described by taking upstream data. signals section t-th of OFDM symbol, n-th of subcarrier in each subframe as an example
According to the process of reception.WithWhat user k was sent on t-th of present sub-frame, n-th of OFDM symbol subcarrier in expression cell is upper
Row data-signal, its average is that zero, variance isThe transmission data-signal of each user sends message bit stream for it to be passed through
The data-signal obtained after channel coding, intertexture and modulation symbol mapping.WithRepresent base station side m root antennas in present frame
The data-signal that t-th of OFDM symbol, n-th of received over subcarriers is arrived, gT, k, n, mRepresent user k and m-th of antenna list of base station side
Channel parameter between member on t-th of present sub-frame, n-th of OFDM symbol subcarrier.
IfgT, k, n=[gT, k, n, 1 gT, k, n, 2 … gT, k, n, M]T, GT, n=
[gT, 0, ngT, 1, n…gt, K-1, n],Then base station side is received on current sub-carrier
Upstream data. signals are：
WhereinFor additive white Gaussian noise vector, the average of its each element is zero, and variance is
The received upstream data. signals of base station side storage, treat that base station side receives the uplink pilot signal of each user simultaneously
Complete after upstream data. signals section channel parameter estimation, the upstream data. signals that each user sends are estimated.
Channel parameter estimation value of each user acquired in base station side on previous OFDM symbol current sub-carrier is designated asWhereinIt is base station side to channel parameter gT, k, nEstimate.In average lowest mean square
Under error criterion, the Robust Estimation of each user uplink data signal is calculated by following formula on previous OFDM symbol current sub-carrier：
WhereinThe transmitting signal to noise ratio transmitted for each user uplink data,For on previous OFDM symbol
User k channel estimation errors space correlation battle array.Data-signal is sent using each user on previous OFDM symbol current sub-carrier
Robust Estimation value, it is demodulated, deinterleave and the process such as channel decoding, can obtain on previous OFDM symbol current sub-carrier each
User sends the estimate of message bit stream.
7th, descending robust pre-coding
In the downlink data transmission stage, base station side sends data-signal simultaneously on each subcarrier to each user respectively.Profit
The channel parameter estimation value in downlink data signal section and channel estimation errors space correlation gust with each user obtained,
Implement descending robust pre-coding transmission on each subcarrier respectively.Descending robust pre-coding transmission can be missed using average lowest mean square
Poor criterion so that the mean square error average value of least mean-square error precoding transmissions is minimum in the range of channel estimation errors.
On t-th of OFDM symbol of row data signal segment below following transmitting procedures exemplified by n-th of subcarrier.WithRepresent
Data-signal before the precoding that K user sends into cell on previous OFDM symbol current sub-carrier of base station, wherein
K-th of element is the data-signal sent to user k, and its average is that zero, variance isThe transmission data-signal of each user
The data-signal that message bit stream is obtained after the mapping of channel coding, intertexture and modulation symbol is sent for it.With BT, nRepresent to work as
Base station pre-coding matrix on preceding OFDM symbol current sub-carrier, base station side actual transmission signal isDuring due to using
Divide duplex transmission mode, on the same subcarrier of same OFDM symbol, down channel is represented by up channel GT, nTransposition.
The reception signal of user terminal is represented by：
WhereinThe data-signal that K user receives on current sub-carrier is represented, wherein k-th of element is user k
The data-signal received,For additive white Gaussian noise vector, the average of its each element is zero, and variance is
Under average minimum mean square error criterion, the robust pre-coding matrix of base station side is calculated by following formula：
WhereinIt is base station side to current sub-carrier up channel parameter GT, nEstimate,Used to be each
The average emitted signal to noise ratio of family downlink transfer, γT, nFor base station side transmission power constrained parameters, it can be calculated by following formula：
Wherein tr { } representing matrix asks mark computing.
Each user utilizes the signal arrived in each received over subcarriers, and the process such as demodulated, deinterleaving and channel decoding can
Obtain the estimate of the descending transmission message bit stream on each subcarrier.
8th, angle-time delay domain pilot tone scheduling
Pilot tone scheduling is implemented in base station side, and base station side utilizes each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical obtained
Channel information, according to given criterion, such as channel estimation mean square error sum minimum criteria determines the user in cell
Pilot modulated pattern, i.e., the frequency domain modulation factor of each user's pilot frequency sequence, and each user in notifying cell.WithThe pilot modulated pattern of current area is represented, wherein k represents Customs Assigned Number, ΔkTable
Show the pilot frequency sequence frequency domain modulation factor used in user k.
Channel estimation mean square error sum can be obtained according to angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of each user by following formula
Arrive：
Pilot tone based on channel estimation mean square error sum minimum criteria is dispatched：Search out so that εtrMinimum pilot tone
Modulating modePilot tone scheduling can be completed by exhaustive search or greedy algorithm.
9th, the dynamic adjustment of angle-extensive MIMO transmission in time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband
In each user's moving process, with angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information Ω between base station and each userk's
Change, base station side dynamically implements foregoing pilot tone scheduling, the pilot modulated pattern formed after updating, and and then the foregoing base of implementation
It is wirelessly transferred in angle-extensive MIMO in time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband of angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information.Channel
The change of statistical property is relevant with specific application scenarios, and its typical statistic time window is the several times or decades of times of frame length, phase
The acquisition of the channel statistical information of pass is also carried out on larger time width.
In embodiment provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed method, the essence of the application is being not above
In god and scope, it can realize in other way.Current embodiment is a kind of exemplary example, be should not be taken as
Limitation, given particular content should in no way limit the purpose of the application.For example, multiple units or component can combine or can
To be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not perform.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of extensive MIMO communication means in angle-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, it is characterised in that this method is specially：
A. it is applied to the extensive mimo wireless communication system in time division duplex broadband, using modulating in OFDM mode,
Base station carries out radio communication simultaneously on each subcarrier with multiple users；
B. communication process is made up of multiple successive frames, and each frame signal is made up of the uplink detection signal and multiple subframes of frame head；
The signal of each subframe is made up of multiple OFDM symbols, and each subframe is successively by upstream data. signals section, uplink pilot signal section
And downlink data signal section composition, uplink transmission signals and uplink pilot signal that user is sent to base station are transmitted respectively
And the downlink transmission signal of user is issued in base station；
C. angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel that base station side obtains each user in cell by the uplink detection of each user is believed
Breath, the detectable signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal resource；
D. each user carries in many height of one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each subframe uplink pilot signal section in cell
While different user is in the multiple continuous OFDM symbols of uplink pilot signal section in transmission uplink pilot signal, same cell on ripple
Used pilot frequency sequence is generated by same pilot frequency sequence by frequency domain modulation, and the pilot modulated factor of different user is by base station side
It is dynamically determined according to each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information；
E. angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information according to each user, base station side utilizes present sub-frame uplink pilot signal
The pilot signal that receives of section estimated channel parameter of each user in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame pilot signal section,
And using the pilot modulated factor of each user, determine the channel estimation of each user in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Error space Correlation Matrix；
F. base station side is implemented using the time domain related features of channel and the channel parameter estimation value of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Present sub-frame is up and each OFDM symbol of downlink data signal section on each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, and obtain data signal segment
The channel estimation errors space correlation battle array of each user in each OFDM symbol；
G. in upstream data transmission phase, each user sends upstream data. signals, base station side simultaneously on each subcarrier respectively
The received data-signal of storage, treats that base station side has received uplink pilot signal and completed present sub-frame upstream data. signals section
It is right using channel parameter estimation value and evaluated error space correlation battle array after each subscriber channel parameter Estimation in each OFDM symbol
Uplink data signals carry out robust reception processing；
H. in the downlink data transmission stage, base station side sends data-signal, base simultaneously on each subcarrier to each user respectively
Side of standing utilizes each subscriber channel estimates of parameters and evaluated error in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame downlink data signal section
Space correlation battle array, robust pre-coding is implemented on each subcarrier respectively, sends data-signal simultaneously to each user, each user is each
Reception processing is carried out on subcarrier respectively；
I. angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of the base station side according to each user, determines the pilot tone of each user in this cell
The pilot sequence modulates factor of each user in modulating mode, i.e. cell, and notify each user in this cell.
2. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：The described extensive mimo wireless communication system in time division duplex broadband uses OFDM modulation systems, and base station side is respectively at each
Communicated simultaneously with multiple users on subcarrier.
3. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：Described uplink transmission signals include uplink detection signal, upstream data. signals and uplink pilot signal, downlink
Transmitting signal includes downlink data signal；Transmitting procedure can be divided into multiple continuous frames, and each frame signal is by the up of frame head
Detectable signal and multiple subframes composition；The signal of each subframe is made up of multiple OFDM symbols, and each subframe is successively by upper line number
It is believed that number section, uplink pilot signal section and downlink data signal section composition.
4. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：The angle of described each user-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information acquisition is completed by the channel detection process of up-link；
Each user sends uplink detection signal simultaneously on multiple subcarriers of one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each frame frame head,
The detectable signal of different user does not require the use of orthogonal resource；The frequency domain detectable signal of different user is by same in same cell
One permanent mode sequence is that the basic detection sequence of the cell is generated by frequency domain modulation, and the basic detection sequence of neighbor cell requires tool
There are preferable cross correlation, i.e. cross-correlation to be less than the threshold value required by system；Each cell base station is up according to what is received
Detectable signal obtains the least-squares estimation of angle-time delay domain channel parameter in each user's present frame in cell, and then utilization changes
Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, i.e. angle-time delay domain the channel energy coupling of each user in present frame is estimated for method
Matrix.
5. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：Many height of each user in one or more continuous OFDM symbols of each subframe uplink pilot signal section in described cell
Uplink pilot signal is sent on carrier wave simultaneously；Pilot frequency sequence is claimed by same pilot frequency sequence used in different user in same cell
For the basic pilot frequency sequence of the cell, generated by frequency domain modulation, its modulation factor is by base station side according to each user in cell
Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information is dynamically determined；The basic pilot frequency sequence requirement of neighbor cell has preferably mutually
Characteristic, i.e. cross-correlation are closed less than the threshold value required by system.
6. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：The pilot signal that the base station side is received using present sub-frame uplink pilot signal section is each in present sub-frame to each user
Channel parameter in OFDM symbol is estimated；Base station side utilizes angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of each user, real
The linear minimum mean-squared error channel parameter estimation of existing low complex degree；It is real to angle-time delay domain channel parameter of each user first
Least-squares estimation is applied, and then according to the decorrelation characteristic of angle-time delay domain channel, low multiple is implemented to angle-time delay domain channel
Miscellaneous degree by element least-squares estimation, finally by unitary transformation obtain each user the space of present sub-frame pilot signal section-
Frequency domain channel parameter estimation value；Each subscriber channel evaluated error space correlation of pilot signal section battle array by it is each user perspective-when
Prolong domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information and pilot modulated pattern is determined.
7. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：The base station side is real using the time domain related features of channel and the channel parameter estimation value of present sub-frame pilot signal section
Apply that present sub-frame is up and each OFDM symbol of downlink data signal section on each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, and obtain data-signal
Channel estimation errors space correlation battle array in each OFDM symbol of section；Each subscriber channel evaluated error space correlation battle array of data signal segment
Determined by each user perspective-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information, channel time domain correlation properties and pilot modulated pattern.
8. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：It is described in upstream data transmission phase, each user sends upstream data. signals, base station simultaneously on each subcarrier respectively
The received data-signal of side storage；Treat that base station has received uplink pilot signal and completed present sub-frame upstream data. signals section
In each OFDM symbol after each subscriber channel parameter Estimation, channel parameter estimation value and estimation are utilized on each subcarrier respectively
Error space Correlation Matrix carries out robust reception processing to uplink data signals.
9. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：It is described in the downlink data transmission stage, base station side sends data-signal simultaneously on each subcarrier to each user respectively；
Base station utilizes each subscriber channel estimates of parameters and evaluated error in each OFDM symbol of present sub-frame downlink data signal section
Space correlation battle array, robust pre-coding is implemented on each subcarrier respectively, sends data-signal simultaneously to each user, each user is each
Reception processing is carried out on subcarrier respectively.
10. the extensive MIMO communication means in angle according to claim 1-time delay domain pilot frequency multiplexing broadband, its feature exists
In：Angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information of the described base station side according to each user, determines leading for each user in this cell
The pilot tone modulation factor of each user in frequency modulating mode, i.e. cell, and notify each user in this cell；Each user's leads
Frequency modulation factor is according to angle-time delay domain Two-dimensional Statistical channel information adaptive change.
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| CN106341216B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-07-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of wireless communication link adaptive approach and uplink downlink adaptive approach |
| CN108023693B (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2020-12-18 | 上海科技大学 | Uplink pilot sequence configuration method and base station |
| CN107465636B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2020-05-01 | 清华大学 | Channel estimation method of millimeter wave large-scale array space-frequency double-broadband system |
| CN107592611B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2020-06-09 | 东南大学 | Wireless positioning method and system for broadband large-scale MIMO system |
| CN110166087B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-10-27 | 东南大学 | Pilot frequency multiplexing large-scale MIMO-OFDM wireless communication method under IQ imbalance |
| CN110784295B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-08-27 | 中山大学 | Uplink URRLC service and eMBB service coexistence method based on preemption |
| CN112260730B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-09-24 | 东南大学 | C-V2V broadband large-scale MIMO pilot frequency multiplexing channel acquisition method |
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