CN104216173A - 液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104216173A
CN104216173A CN201410524674.1A CN201410524674A CN104216173A CN 104216173 A CN104216173 A CN 104216173A CN 201410524674 A CN201410524674 A CN 201410524674A CN 104216173 A CN104216173 A CN 104216173A
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liquid crystal
visual angle
crystal indicator
diffusion barrier
crystal panel
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连水池
康志聪
郭仪正
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410524674.1A priority Critical patent/CN104216173A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/089617 priority patent/WO2016049958A1/zh
Priority to US14/428,353 priority patent/US20160245983A1/en
Publication of CN104216173A publication Critical patent/CN104216173A/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Abstract

本发明提供一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板(1)及准直出光背光模组(3)；所述液晶面板(1)包括彩色滤光片基板(11)、阵列基板(13)、及液晶层(12)，所述彩色滤光片基板(11)的上表面上设有上偏光片(15)，所述阵列基板(13)的下表面上设有下偏光片(17)；所述准直出光背光模组(3)包括导光板(31)、至少一背光源(33)、光学膜片组(35)、及底反射片(37)；所述上偏光片(15)上设有一视角扩散膜片(19)，所述光学膜片组(35)包括一双折射偏振膜片(351)，该双折射偏振膜片(351)能够将偏振光进行分离。该液晶显示装置，能够大幅提高光线穿透率与出光效率，并能够有效解决大视角色偏问题。

Description

液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示装置(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点，得到了广泛的应用，如液晶电视、移动电话、个人数字助理、数字相机、计算机屏幕或笔记本电脑屏幕等。
现有的液晶显示装置大部分为背光型液晶显示装置，其包括壳体、设于壳体内的液晶面板及设于壳体内的背光模组(Backlight module)。液晶面板本身不发光，需要由背光模组提供光源给液晶面板来正常显示影像。
图1所示为现有的液晶显示装置的示意图。传统的液晶面板100的结构是由一彩色滤光片基板110(Color Filter，CF)、一薄膜晶体管阵列基板130(ThinFilm Transistor Array Substrate，TFT Array Substrate)以及一填充于两基板间的液晶层(Liquid Crystal Layer)所构成，其工作原理是通过在彩色滤光片基板110和阵列基板130上施加驱动电压来控制液晶层的液晶分子的旋转，控制光的输出量，将背光模组300的光线折射出来产生画面。彩色滤光片基板110的上表面贴附有上偏光片150，彩色滤光片基板110的下表面设有以像素(Pixel)为单位的彩色光阻。阵列基板130的下表面贴附有与上偏光片150轴向垂直的下偏光片170，阵列基板130的上表面设有针对像素进行充放电的TFT元件开关，TFT元件开关上面制作可控制液晶层的ITO电极，该ITO电极的图案(Pattern)可设计为适用于扭曲向列型(TN mode)的电极图案、或适用于垂直配向型(VA mode)单畴(1domain)、双畴(2domain)、四畴(4domain)、八畴(8domain)的图案、以及适用于平面转换型(IPS mode)单畴、双畴、四畴的图案。
传统的背光模组300包括背光源310、导光板330、底反射片350、及光学膜片组370。背光源310可为发光二级管(LED)、冷阴极荧光灯管(CCFL)或热阴极荧光灯管(HCFL)。光学膜片组370包括扩散膜片、亮度增亮膜片及保护膜片。
现有液晶电视产品的液晶面板的驱动方式多采用VA mode或IPS mode方案，以扩大显示视角。VA mode具备良率高、产能高的优势，但为了降低大视角显示的色差，ITO电极必须采用8domain图案来改善大视角色偏，但ITO电极采用8domain图案会使得制程良率下降、开口率下降、液晶效率下降、光线穿透率下降，间接提高了背光模组的成本。如果采用2domain或1domain的VA mode方案，光线穿透率可以大幅提高但大视角色偏会明显变严重。
此外，因为液晶电视的显示面板需要大视角观赏，视角亮度要符合1/2亮度或1/3亮度的视角规格需求，背光模组的光学膜片组需达到较大的出光视角，而液晶面板对大视角光线的穿透率下降，使得背光模组的出光效率下降，并且使得液晶面板大视角色偏问题明显可见。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液晶显示装置，能够大幅提高光线穿透率与出光效率，并能够有效解决大视角色偏问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板及为该液晶面板提供光源的准直出光背光模组；所述液晶面板包括彩色滤光片基板、与该彩色滤光片基板相对设置的阵列基板、及填充于彩色滤光片基板与阵列基板之间的液晶层，所述彩色滤光片基板相对远离液晶层的上表面上设有上偏光片，所述阵列基板相对远离液晶层的下表面上设有下偏光片；所述准直出光背光模组包括导光板、至少一设于该导光板侧面的背光源、设于该导光板上方的光学膜片组、及设于该导光板下方的底反射片；所述上偏光片上设有一视角扩散膜片，所述光学膜片组包括一双折射偏振膜片，该双折射偏振膜片能够将偏振光进行分离。
所述视角扩散膜片为由扩散粒子组成的扩散光学膜片。
所述视角扩散膜片采用菱镜结构设计，该视角扩散膜片的下表面具有多个V形凸起。
所述视角扩散膜片包括多个绕射光学单元，所述绕射光学单元为设于视角扩散膜片上表面上的矩形凸起，每相邻两个绕射光学单元之间的间距等于或小于可见光波长。
所述双折射偏振膜片由微结构各向异性聚合物层构成。
所述光学膜片组还包括微结构亮度增亮膜片，该微结构亮度增亮膜片能够产生准直出光。
所述微结构亮度增亮膜片采用菱镜结构设计。
所述导光板的下表面具有多个倒V形凹槽。
所述光学膜片组还包括一逆菱镜结构膜片，该逆菱镜结构膜片的下表面上具有多个倒V形凹槽。
所述液晶面板为单畴或双畴的VA型液晶面板。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的一种液晶显示装置，通过设置视角扩散膜片来将正视角出光分量给大视角出光，以大幅提高光线穿透率，解决大视角色偏问题；通过设置双折射偏振膜片来将偏振光进行分离，以产生偏极出光，大幅提高光线进入液晶面板的使用效率；从而该液晶显示装置能够大幅提高光线穿透率与出光效率，并能够有效解决大视角色偏问题。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为现有的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明液晶显示装置中视角扩散膜片的一种实施方式的示意图；
图4为本发明液晶显示装置中视角扩散膜片的另一种实施方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图2，本发明提供一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板1及为该液晶面板1提供光源的准直出光背光模组3。
所述液晶面板1包括彩色滤光片基板11、与该彩色滤光片基板11相对设置的阵列基板13、及填充于彩色滤光片基板11与阵列基板13之间的液晶层12。所述彩色滤光片基板11相对远离液晶层12的上表面上贴附有上偏光片15，相对靠近液晶层12的下表面上设有以像素为单位的彩色光阻。所述阵列基板13相对远离液晶层12的下表面上贴附有与上偏光片15轴向垂直的下偏光片17，相对靠近液晶层12的上表面上设有针对像素进行充放电的TFT元件开关，TFT元件开关上面制作可控制液晶层12的ITO电极，该ITO电极的图案设计为适用于单畴或双畴的VA型液晶面板的图案。该单畴或双畴的VA型液晶面板采用UV2A、PVA或PSVA技术驱动，开口率较大，液晶效率较高，光线穿透率较高。
需要重点说明的是，所述上偏光片15上设有一视角扩散膜片19。进一步的，所述视角扩散膜片19贴附于上偏光片15上。所述视角扩散膜片19可为由扩散粒子组成的扩散光学膜片；或如图3所示，所述视角扩散膜片19采用菱镜结构设计，其下表面具有多个V形凸起191；也可如图4所示，所述视角扩散膜片19包括多个绕射光学单元193，所述绕射光学单元193为设于视角扩散膜片19上表面上的矩形凸起，且每相邻两个绕射光学单元193之间的间距等于或小于可见光波长。所述视角扩散膜片19的作用是将正视角出光分量给大视角出光，即将相对于液晶面板1的垂直出光分量给倾斜出光，大幅减小大视角出光直接透过液晶面板1所产生的色偏，从而解决大视角色偏问题，大幅提高光线穿透率。
所述准直出光背光模组3包括导光板31、至少一设于该导光板31侧面的背光源33、设于该导光板31上方的光学膜片组35、及设于该导光板31下方的底反射片37。
具体的，在所述导光板31的两侧均设有背光源33，且所述背光源33为LED光源。所述导光板31通过V-cut方法在其下表面设置多个倒V形凹槽，所述光学膜片组35相对靠近导光板31的一侧设有一逆菱镜结构膜片355，该逆菱镜结构膜片355的下表面上具有多个倒V形凹槽。所述导光板31与逆菱镜结构膜片355配合能够容易的将出光分布集中在小范围视角出光。
值得一提的是，所述光学膜片组35还包括一采用菱镜结构设计或其它形式的微结构亮度增亮膜片353，该微结构亮度增亮膜片353能够产生准直出光。
需要重点说明的是，所述光学膜片组35相对远离导光板31的一侧设有一双折射偏振膜片(Birefringent polarizers)351。具体的，所述双折射偏振膜片351由微结构各向异性聚合物(Anisotropic Polymer)层构成。该双折射偏振膜片351的作用是将偏振光进行S/P分离，以产生偏极出光，大幅提高光线进入液晶面板1的使用效率。
综上所述，本发明的液晶显示装置，通过设置视角扩散膜片来将正视角出光分量给大视角出光，以大幅提高光线穿透率，解决大视角色偏问题；通过设置双折射偏振膜片来将偏振光进行分离，以产生偏极出光，大幅提高光线进入液晶面板的使用效率；从而该液晶显示装置能够大幅提高光线穿透率与出光效率，并能够有效解决大视角色偏问题。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种液晶显示装置，其特征在于，包括：液晶面板(1)及为该液晶面板(1)提供光源的准直出光背光模组(3)；所述液晶面板(1)包括彩色滤光片基板(11)、与该彩色滤光片基板(11)相对设置的阵列基板(13)、及填充于彩色滤光片基板(11)与阵列基板(13)之间的液晶层(12)，所述彩色滤光片基板(11)相对远离液晶层(12)的上表面上设有上偏光片(15)，所述阵列基板(13)相对远离液晶层(12)的下表面上设有下偏光片(17)；所述准直出光背光模组(3)包括导光板(31)、至少一设于该导光板(31)侧面的背光源(33)、设于该导光板(31)上方的光学膜片组(35)、及设于该导光板(31)下方的底反射片(37)，所述上偏光片(15)上设有一视角扩散膜片(19)，所述光学膜片组(35)包括一双折射偏振膜片(351)，该双折射偏振膜片(351)能够将偏振光进行分离。
2.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述视角扩散膜片(19)为由扩散粒子组成的扩散光学膜片。
3.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述视角扩散膜片(19)采用菱镜结构设计，该视角扩散膜片(19)的下表面具有多个V形凸起(191)。
4.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述视角扩散膜片(1)包括多个绕射光学单元(193)，所述绕射光学单元(193)为设于视角扩散膜片(19)上表面上的矩形凸起，每相邻两个绕射光学单元(193)之间的间距等于或小于可见光波长。
5.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述双折射偏振膜片(351)由微结构各向异性聚合物层构成。
6.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学膜片组(35)还包括微结构亮度增亮膜片(353)，该微结构亮度增亮膜片(353)能够产生准直出光。
7.如权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述微结构亮度增亮膜片(353)采用菱镜结构设计。
8.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述导光板(31)的下表面具有多个倒V形凹槽。
9.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学膜片组(35)还包括一逆菱镜结构膜片(355)，该逆菱镜结构膜片(355)的下表面上具有多个倒V形凹槽。
10.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板(1)为单畴或双畴的VA型液晶面板。
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