The piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film and method, to Static Spinning
PVDF nano-fiber film piezoelectric property carries out test evaluation, belongs to flexible piezoelectric Materials Measurement technical field.
Background technology
Piezoelectric is applied to the mainly piezopolymer in flexible textile, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and with
It is other organic piezoelectric materials of representative.This kind of material with its material pliable and tough, Hz-KHz width, dynamic characteristic are good, formability
The advantages of good, Low ESR and high piezoelectric constant, is for catching people's attention, and develops very rapid, in underwater sound ultrasonic measurement, pressure sensing,
The aspects such as ignition and blasting obtain extensively to be applied.
The flexible PVDF nano-fiber film prepared by electrostatic spinning technique, not only can control piezoelectricity and the ferrum of PVDF
Electrically, also the stretching and polarisation steps that form beta crystal can be reduced to a step and carry out simultaneously.The flexible PVDF nanofiber made
Thin film, light weight, be easy to carry, comfortable softness, good permeability, can be combined with textile, make portable flexible sensor,
Flexible energy storage device etc..
For in the performance characterization of flexible PVDF nano-fiber film it is of great importance that for piezoelectric membrane piezoelectricity should
Become the test of constant, piezoelectric strain constant represents charge density produced by unitstress.Piezoelectricity for piezoceramic material
Strain constant is tested, and existing method of testing mostly is static testing, is unsuitable for studying the dynamic response performance of piezoelectric.Example
As business has special piezoelectric d33Measuring instrument (Wuxi Yu Tian Science and Technology Ltd.) is it is adaptable to pressure measurement electric crystal and piezoelectricity are made pottery
Ceramic material, power amplitude less (2.5N), power frequency range low (0-110Hz).Chinese patent (patent publication No.:CN2308072)
《Quasi-static method longitudinal direction piezoelectric strain constant measuring instrument》By designing circuit, and using the method for testing comparing, survey can be improved
Accuracy of measurement, and piezoelectric strain constant d can be tested33Low polymer piezoelectric thin-film material and piezoelectric quartz crystal etc., but circuit knot
Structure design is complicated, and the contact that exerts a force is designed as the shapes such as hemispherical, is that point contacts with tested sample, if being used for testing nanometer
The piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane, can only touch several fibers, and be not readily accessible to whole fleece;Same power frequency model
Enclose low, be not suitable for studying the dynamic characteristic of piezoelectric, be therefore not particularly suited for the piezoelectric strain of electrostatic spinning nano fiber thin film
Constant is tested.Chinese patent (patent publication No.:CN1220399A)《The measuring method of the piezoelectric constant of thin film shaped piezoelectric material》,
Produce an air pressure using pressure mechanism and apply it on thin film, the electric charge that a charge detecting device measurement produces from thin film,
Size using the electric charge recording and the air pressure being applied calculates the piezoelectric constant of thin film shaped piezoelectric material.But this method of testing is not
Only power frequency range is low, and is not suitable for the piezoelectric constant test of fiber membrane, because fiber membrane has a large amount of holes, gas
Hole can be passed through, make the test of stress size inaccurate.In sum, lack now special test piezoelectric nano fiber membrane pressure
The test device of electrical property, and lack the test device of test piezoelectric dynamic response.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:Provide that a kind of test operation is simple, measurement efficiency is high, electric signal measurement
The piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film of device high precision, repeatability and good comparability and method,
Solve current test device cannot accurately and effectively piezoelectric nano fiber membrane piezoelectric property be tested, and lack survey
The problem of the test device of pressure testing electric material dynamic response.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that to provide a kind of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin
It is characterised in that including base, the rear portion on base is fixed with stand to the piezoelectric property test device of film, and the front side of stand sets
There is vertical panel moving up and down, vertical panel one end is connected with one end of motor, vertical panel is provided with fixing electricity
Machine device, one end of fixing electric machine is connected with motor upper end, and motor lower end is fixed with spring, and lower spring end is with contact even
Connect, between contact and spring, be provided with the first insulating barrier, contact be arranged right below force transducer, it is exhausted that force transducer is provided with second
Edge layer and conductive layer, located at the centre of fixture, fixture passes through horizontal panel on base to force transducer.
Preferably, described vertical panel being additionally provided with prevents contact excessive to force transducer pressure and leads to force transducer
The overload protecting mechanism damaging.
Preferably, it is provided with x-axis moving track and y-axis moving track between described horizontal panel and base.
Preferably, described contact is the upper electrode of fiber membrane, and conductive layer is the lower electrode of fiber membrane.
A kind of method that piezoelectric property test device of use Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film is tested, its feature
Be, contact and conductive layer be connected with the two ends of piezoelectric signal acquisition system respectively, vertical panel pass through the first power supply case with
PC connects, and motor is connected with PC by the second power supply case, and force transducer is connected with PC by the 3rd power supply case;During test
Fiber membrane is put on the electrically conductive, spring can be moved by programming Control motor belt motor and contact carries out different frequency, different stroke
Pump, to realize applying different frequency, different size of power to fiber membrane, the size of power by force transducer and
Force data processing system obtains;Piezoelectric signal acquisition system connects the upper/lower electrode of fiber membrane respectively, and test force effect is lower to produce
Raw voltage signal and current signal, carry out calculating piezoelectric strain constant for measurement result;
The stress producing in fiber membrane is calculated according to following formula:
Calculate the piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane according to following formula:
Wherein d33Represent that piezoelectric strain constant D of fiber membrane represents charge density, F represents the pressure of applying, Q represents single
Plane amasss the quantity of electric charge that fiber membrane produces, and σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane.
Preferably, described force data processing system includes the data collecting card installed on PC, based on machine word
The data collection and analysis interface operation system that speech exploitation is write.
Preferably, described piezoelectric signal acquisition system is oscillograph or electrochemical workstation measuring system.
Preferably, described electrochemical workstation measuring system is made up of electrochemical workstation, microcomputer, three-electrode system.
The present invention can record the piezoelectricity letter that flexible piezoelectric material produces under the pressure effect of different size, different frequency
Number, thus characterizing the piezoelectric property of piezoelectric, and can measurement result be carried out being calculated piezoelectric strain constant.And,
Between the multi-axial forces sensing data of this device configuration and motion control data, energy real-time communication, realizes self-protection function;The signal of telecommunication is surveyed
Amount device high precision, repeatability and good comparability;Test operation is simple, and measurement efficiency is high.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(I) piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane state piezoelectric can be tested, measuring accuracy is high;
(II) force signal and piezoelectric signal can be recorded simultaneously, be conducive to the analysis to piezoelectric piezoelectric property;
(III) can real-time monitoring force signal and piezoelectric signal, facilitate look at and contrast real-time change;
(IV) spring structure can achieve the control to pre-applied force, and test condition is reproducible;
(V) antioverloading elastic structure is installed at end on a sensor, automatically avoids sensor to bear overload or Z axis motor performance
Error etc. leads to the generation of sensor degradation accident;
(VI) in addition, the assembling of each part of this device is flexible, no-float, simple to operate, measurement efficiency is high.
Brief description
The piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film;
Fig. 2 is the grip device schematic diagram of fixing force transducer and piezoelectric nano fiber membrane;
Fig. 3 is a kind of test campaign schematic diagram of the piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film;
Fig. 4-1-1 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the pressure size of each time period when 5Hz;
Fig. 4-1-2 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the voltage swing of each time period when 5Hz;
Fig. 4-1-3 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the size of current of each time period when 5Hz;
Fig. 4-2-1 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the pressure size of each time period when 10Hz;
Fig. 4-2-2 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the voltage swing of each time period when 10Hz;
Fig. 4-2-3 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the size of current of each time period when 10Hz;
Fig. 4-3-1 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the pressure size of each time period when 15Hz;
Fig. 4-3-2 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the voltage swing of each time period when 15Hz;
Fig. 4-3-3 is the oscillogram that force frequency is the size of current of each time period when 15Hz.
Wherein:1 is base, and 2 is stand, and 3 is vertical panel, and 4 is overload protecting mechanism, and 5 is motor, and 6 is fixing motor
Device, 7 is spring, and 8 is contact, and 9 is the first insulating barrier, and 10 is horizontal panel, and 11 is fixture, and 12 is x-axis moving track and y-axis
Moving track, 13 is motor, and 14 is attached screw mandrel, and 15 is force transducer, and 16 is conductive layer, and 17 is the second insulating barrier, 18
For screw, 19 is PC, and 20 is piezoelectric signal acquisition system, and 21 is the first power supply case, and 22 is the second power supply case, and 23 is the 3rd confession
Electric box.
Specific embodiment
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.It should be understood that
These examples are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.Read the present invention instruction content it
Afterwards, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within appended by the application
Claims limited range.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is a kind of piezoelectric property test device of Static Spinning PVDF piezoelectric fabric thin film, as shown in figure 1, its structure
Feature is:Rear portion on base 1 is fixed with stand 2, and the installed in front of stand 2 has the vertical panel 3 that can move up and down (Z axis),
Vertical panel 3 one end is connected with one end of motor 13 by attached screw mandrel 14, and motor 13 can make on vertical panel 3
Lower movement, antioverloading elastic structure (i.e. overload protecting mechanism 4) is fixed on this vertical panel 3, is used for preventing contact 8 from power is passed
Sensor 15 pressure is excessive and lead to force transducer 15 to damage, vertical panel 3 is further fixed on fixing electric machine 6, fixing motor
One end of device 6 connects motor 5 upper end, and spring 7 is fixed in motor 5 lower end, and spring 7 can achieve the control to thin film pre-applied force, bullet
Spring 7 lower end connects contact 8, has the first insulating barrier 9 between contact 8 and spring 7, and contact 8 is the upper electrode of fiber membrane;Motor
5 pass through drive mechanism, vertical panel 3 can be driven to carry motor 5 and move up and down.As shown in Fig. 2 with fixture 11 by force transducer 15
It is fixed on horizontal panel 10, equipped with the second insulating barrier 17 and conductive layer 16 on force transducer 15, conductive layer 16 is thin film lower floor
Electrode.Respectively in contact 8 and conductive layer 16 screw 18 installed above, use as connecting electrical signal collection system.
X-axis moving track and y-axis moving track 12 are installed between horizontal panel 10 and base 1.In x-axis moving track and
The both sides of y-axis moving track 12 can be installed can be made motor that it all around slides or directly to drive x-axis manually
Moving track and y-axis moving track 12 all around slide.
As shown in figure 3, contact 8 and conductive layer 16 are connected with the two ends of piezoelectric signal acquisition system 20 respectively, vertical
Plate 3 is connected with PC 19 by the first power supply case 21, and motor 5 is connected with PC 19 by the second power supply case 22, force transducer 15
It is connected with PC 19 by the 3rd power supply case 23;During test, fiber membrane is put on conductive layer 16, can be by programming Control electricity
Machine 5 drives spring 7 and contact 8 to carry out different frequency, the pumping, to realize fiber membrane is applied not of different stroke
Same frequency, different size of power, the size of power is obtained by force transducer 15 and force data processing system.Piezoelectric signal acquisition system
20 upper/lower electrodes connecting fiber membrane respectively, the lower voltage signal producing of test force effect and current signal.For measurement knot
Fruit carries out calculating piezoelectric strain constant.
The stress producing in fiber membrane is calculated according to following formula:
Wherein σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane, and F represents the pressure of applying, and S represents the area of thin film.
Calculate the piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane according to following formula:
Wherein d33Represent that piezoelectric strain constant D of fiber membrane represents charge density, F represents the pressure of applying, Q represents single
Plane amasss the quantity of electric charge that fiber membrane produces, and σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane.
Taking frequency f=5Hz (shown in Fig. 4-1-1, Fig. 4-1-2, Fig. 4-1-3) as a example, calculating process is as follows:
Wherein F1 represents peak voltage, and F2 represents peak voltage, and a represents the square film length of side
A=2cm=0.02m F1=28.29N F2=0.77N
σ=34400N/m2
T represents the cycle
T=0.2s Q=4.74 × 10-10C
d33=1.38 × 10-14
Drive mechanism is multi-axis motion control card (being arranged on host computer) respectively or coordinates the motor 13 controlling
And attached screw mandrel 14, and the vertical panel 3 that controlled by the link of attached screw mandrel 14 of motor 13 and x-axis moving track and y
The horizontal panel 10 that the motor of axle moving track 12 both sides controls.
Force transducer 15 is the force transducer that measuring accuracy is high, range is little, enables the real-time measurement of fiber membrane stress,
Meet the precision of fiber membrane stress and range and dynamic frequency requires.
Antioverloading elastic structure is linear elasticity rigidity cantilever beam, and it is maximum that elastic bending rigidity size depends on sensor Z-direction
Overloading load or the magnitude of load wishing overload protection.
Flexible piezoelectric nano-fiber film, is prepared by electrostatic spinning technique.
Force data processing system is (as National Instrument is public including the data collecting card installed on PC
The PCI-6220 of department), the data collection and analysis interface operation system being write based on the exploitation of the computer languages such as VC++ application program
System.This test system can work in coordination with the multiple systems of manipulation, covers motion platform operation, force transducer 15 and the communication-cooperation between the two
Manipulation, the data of collection fiber membrane stress simultaneously carries out real-time processing, analysis to the related data surveyed, and interface operation is good.
Piezoelectric signal acquisition system 20 can be the collection of simulant signal such as oscillograph or electrochemical workstation measuring system
Device.Electrochemical workstation measuring system is made up of electrochemical workstation, microcomputer, three-electrode system, and certainty of measurement is high, meets fine
Voltage, the precision of current signal and range that dimension thin film stress produces and dynamic frequency require.
Motor 5 used by the present invention can be programmed and to be controlled contact 8 with certain by setting speed, acceleration, shift length
Frequency move repeatedly up and down, force effect is carried out to piezoelectric fabric thin film.
Force transducer 15 used by the present invention is precision force transducer, such as the Nano17 of ATI company of the U.S., by output electricity
Pressure signal, battery case is powered and signal processing and amplifying, is converted into digital signal by A/D card and inputs the collection that PC 19 carries out signal
Process, the contact force in z-axis direction can be measured, certainty of measurement is 1.5%, range is 50N, resolution is 1/160N, resonant frequency
For 3000Hz, meet the precision of fiber membrane stress and range and dynamic frequency requires.
This test device can measure under different frequency, size, the external applied load of acceleration accurately, in real time, fiber membrane shape
The piezoelectric signal that state piezoelectric produces, can be used to analyze the piezoelectric strain constant of piezoelectric fabric thin-film material.In view of test
The generality of principle, this test device may extend to performance test and the evaluation of other piezoelectrics.
Embodiment 2
The stress producing in fiber membrane is calculated according to following formula:
Wherein σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane, and F represents the pressure of applying, and S represents the area of thin film.
Calculate the piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane according to following formula:
Wherein d33Represent that piezoelectric strain constant D of fiber membrane represents charge density, F represents the pressure of applying, Q represents single
Plane amasss the quantity of electric charge that fiber membrane produces, and σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane.
Taking frequency f=10Hz (shown in Fig. 4-2-1, Fig. 4-2-2, Fig. 4-2-3) as a example, calculating process is as follows:
Wherein F1 represents peak voltage, and F2 represents peak voltage, and a represents the square film length of side
A=2cm=0.02m F1=19.07N F2=1.38N
σ=22112.5N/m2
T represents the cycle
T=0.1s Q=4.47 × 10-9C
d33=2.02 × 10-13
Other are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The stress producing in fiber membrane is calculated according to following formula:
Wherein σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane, and F represents the pressure of applying, and S represents the area of thin film.
Calculate the piezoelectric strain constant of fiber membrane according to following formula:
Wherein d33Represent that piezoelectric strain constant D of fiber membrane represents charge density, F represents the pressure of applying, Q represents single
Plane amasss the quantity of electric charge that fiber membrane produces, and σ represents the stress producing in fiber membrane.
Taking frequency f=15Hz (shown in Fig. 4-3-1, Fig. 4-3-2, Fig. 4-3-3) as a example, calculating process is as follows:
Wherein F1 represents peak voltage, and F2 represents peak voltage, and a represents the square film length of side
A=2cm=0.02m F1=18.39N F2=1.63N
σ=20950N/m2
T represents the cycle
T=0.067s Q=4.59 × 10-9C
d33=2.19 × 10-13
Other are same as Example 1.