Background technology
The most lake of China and Reservoir Water Quality go from bad to worse in recent years, and spring and summer, high algae took place frequently, and in water, algae number often reaches tens million of/rice
3, high even reaches more than one hundred million/meters
3; The water surface oiliness that some shipping river course leakage of oil forms is polluted also very serious, and city tap-water factory conventional treatment process is subject to this type of pollution effect very big, and effluent quality is difficult to up to standard.Therefore, before conventional water treatment process, must increase by one pretreatment technology, reduce algae pollution load, remove the oily substance that floats, reduce conventional processing algae removal oil removing added amount of chemical, improve common process processing power, eliminate algae fishy smell and sump oil taste.Algae and olesome are tiny, often partly swim in water, and traditional coagulation-settlement process is difficult to effectively remove algae and oil in water emulsion, need to adopt air-float technology to remove; Air-float technology is a kind of efficient algae removal degreasing technique specifically, and pressure air-dissolving water discharges through reliever the microbubble that a large amount of diameters are less than 100 μ m, and algae in supporting and oil droplet floats up to the water surface, then through slag scraper skim.Pressurized dissolved air flotation is the efficient pre-treating equipment that recent two decades carrys out widespread use, and for lake, the river source quality of high algae pollution, algae removal rate can reach more than 90%.But for containing algae amount at tens million of/rice
3above Polluted Source Water, it is still more that pressurized dissolved air flotation is processed rear remaining residual algae amount, and follow-up conventional treatment process is also difficult to remove, and containing the high source water of algae amount, organic pollutant content is also high, very unfavorable to follow-up conventional treatment process simultaneously.Therefore the algae removal oil removing ability that, further improves pretreatment technology is very urgent and necessary.
Ultrasonic wave refers to that frequency is higher than the sound wave of 20kHz, when the ultrasonic wave of some strength is passed through media, can produce a series of physics, chemical effect.Because ultrasonic, at liquid medium wavelength, be that 10~0.015cm(is equivalent to 15kHz to 10MHz), be far longer than the size of molecule, and and liquid in collapse go out (collapse) of the cavitation bubble that produces have substantial connection, its power resources are acoustic cavitation (sound cavitation).When the ultrasonic wave of sufficient intensity is passed through liquid, when the sound pressure amplitude of sound wave negative pressure semi-period surpasses liquid internal static pressure, the micro-bubble (cavitation nucleus) being present in liquid will increase rapidly, the sound wave malleation coming one after the other mutually in bubble again adiabatic compression and collapsing go out, collapsing the extremely of short duration strong pressure pulses of moment generation of going out, bubble around short space forms hot localised points (hot spot), its temperature is up to 5000K, pressure reaches 500atm, after continuing number microsecond, this focus is thereupon cooling, rate of cooling reaches 109k/s, with powerful shockwave (to homogeneous liquid medium) and speed per hour, reach the jet (to heterogeneous liquid medium) of 400km.When ultrasonic wave is when having the fluid medium of tiny suspended particle, particle wherein starts to vibrate together with medium, but because the particle varying in size has different vibration velocities, and particle will collide mutually, bonding, and volume and weight all increases.Then, because particle change can not can only be done random motion with ultrasonic vibration greatly, continuation is collided, bonding, change is large, finally float, and formation scum silica frost and oil slick.
Ultrasonic wave water technology is to be day by day subject in recent years the focus that domestic and international industry is paid close attention to, and it is a kind of deep oxidation technology that can thoroughly destroy organic pollutant structure.Investigator mainly concentrates on and strengthens sound cavitation effect the research of ultrasonic wave water treatment both at home and abroad.Cavitation effect is a kind of physical phenomenon occurring in medium, refers to that the unexpected variation due to pressure produces breaking out of bubble and collapse in liquid stream.In the generative process of cavitation effect, break out and the collapse of bubble produce strong shockwave, and temperature and pressure local in liquid is sharply raise, and produce the energy that is enough to open chemical bond, make organic molecule oxygenolysis.Its technical superiority is as follows:
(1) degradable organic pollutant speed is fast
Ultrasonic oscillation produces heat effect, radical effect (producing the hydroxyl of extremely strong oxidation capacity) and cavitation effect (producing localized hyperthermia's high pressure), can destroy rapidly organic pollutant molecule structure and chemical bond, make the difficult small molecules organic pollutant that is converted into easy biochemical degradation by the macromole organic pollutant of biochemical degradation in water, be conducive to improve the removal efficiency of follow-up biochemical processing process.
(2) colloidal solid ascent rate is fast
Breakdown of emulsion effect and coalescence effect that ultrasonic wave concuss process produces, make the rapid coalescence of tiny colloidal solid of dispersion suspension in water become macrobead suspended matter, floats to the water surface.Ultrasonic dehydration process is without adding in addition breakdown of emulsion medicament, device simple, and floor space is seldom.
(3) efficient air-floating effect
Ultrasonic concussion can produce a large amount of ultramicro air bubbles in reaction zone, the bubble diameter >=100 μ m of bubble diameter≤5 μ m(tradition air-dissolving air-float), be very easily attached on colloidal solid, it rises to supporting the water surface and is struck off.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of ultrasonic air-float integrated water treatment equipment and treatment process thereof are provided, these water treating equipment make algae, oil droplet and suspended solids be bubbled through the water column by holder by set up ultrasonic oscillation device generation ultramicro air bubble in bottom, centrifugation chamber, to strengthen the solid-liquid separation effect on body top, pond.
The object of the invention realizes and being completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of ultrasonic air-float integrated water treatment equipment, comprise pond body, it is characterized in that described Chi Tiyou mixing and reaction chamber, air water exposure chamber and centrifugation chamber form, top, described mixing and reaction chamber is communicated with water inlet manifold, its underpart is communicated with bottom, described air water exposure chamber, bottom, described air water exposure chamber is provided with dissolved air release, and the top enlarging of described air water exposure chamber is communicated with top, described centrifugation chamber; Indoor dreg scraper, ultrasonic oscillation device group, perforation header and the sludge hopper of being disposed with from top to bottom of described centrifugation, described perforation header is communicated with outfall sewer.
The indoor mechanical stirring device that is provided with of described hybrid reaction.
One side of described dreg scraper is provided with ash pit, and the height that arranges of described dreg scraper matches with the liquid level in the body of described pond.
Some ultrasonic oscillation devices that described ultrasonic oscillation device group is arranged by parallel interval form, and described ultrasonic oscillation device is many fins of tubulose vibration head, and described in each, ultrasonic oscillation device is connected with the high frequency ultrasound wave producer that is positioned at described pond external body.
Described ultrasonic oscillation device group is positioned at 1.8~2.0 meters of, described dreg scraper below.
Described perforation header is positioned at 0.2~0.3 meter of, described ultrasonic oscillation device group below.
Described sludge hopper exports external shore pipe.
A treatment process that relates to above-mentioned ultrasonic air-float integrated water treatment equipment, it is characterized in that described treatment process comprise the steps: contaminated water source after dosing by flow through from top to bottom described mixing and reaction chamber being uniformly mixed by described mechanical stirring device of described water inlet manifold; From the described mixing and reaction chamber bottom water outlet described air water exposure chamber that upwards flows through, the described dissolved air release that is positioned at bottom, described air water exposure chamber produces microbubble and contacts with the water body of flowing through afterwards; The enlarging water outlet of top, described air water exposure chamber flows into the top of described centrifugation chamber, in water outlet, a part of algae, oil droplet and suspended solids are bubbled through the water column by described microbubble holder, and constantly by described dreg scraper, scraped and in described ash pit, discharge described pond body, water after the dissolved air flotation described ultrasonic oscillation device of flowing through downwards, between the described fin on described ultrasonic oscillation device, there is the ultrasonic wave being evenly distributed and discharge field, to produce ultramicro air bubble, remaining described algae, oil droplet and suspended solids holder in water are bubbled through the water column; Water after described ultrasonic oscillation device is processed flows into downwards in described perforation header and by described outfall sewer again sends described pond body; Described sludge hopper below described perforation header is discharged described pond body by residue in water and mud collection by described shore pipe.
Diameter≤5 μ the m of described ultramicro air bubble.
Advantage of the present invention is, by dosing hybrid reaction technique and air-float technology be integrated in one, dissolved air flotation process and ultrasonic air-float technique is integrated in one, air supporting processing and ultrasonic cavitation oxidizing process are integrated in one; These three kinds of effects organically combine, and have significantly improved intensive degree and the processing efficiency of equipment, the technical superiority of having given prominence to equipment; According to process structure setting of the present invention, can play intensive multiple air supporting Treatment Effects: pressure air-dissolving water discharges a large amount of microbubbles through dissolved air release, in air water exposure chamber, contact with former water, and supporting a large amount of suspended substances, upwards flow out to equipment body top and carry out solid-liquid separation; Meanwhile the Cavitation in equipment body bottom ul-trasonic irradiation district produces a large amount of ultramicro air bubbles (diameter≤5 μ m), also supporting in water a large amount of suspensoid grain flows to top, greatly strengthened the processing efficiency of solid-liquid displacement zone, at the water surface, rotation slag scraper is installed, constantly scum silica frost is scraped into pond ash pit on one side; So just, on the main body top of same equipment, synchronously synthesize multiple air supporting effect (air-dissolving air-float and ultrasonic air-float) and automatic skimming function, improved the intensive degree of equipment air supporting processing capacity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail, so that technician's of the same trade understanding:
As Fig. 1, in figure, mark 1-14 is respectively: water inlet manifold 1, mechanical stirring device 2, dissolved air release 3, dreg scraper 4, scrape slag motor 5, ash pit 6, ultrasonic oscillation device 7, perforation header 8, outfall sewer 9, sludge hopper 10, shore pipe 11, mixing and reaction chamber 12, air water exposure chamber 13, centrifugation chamber 14.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of ultrasonic air-float integrated water treatment equipment and treatment process thereof, these water treating equipment comprise pond body, at Chi Tizhong, be provided with mixing and reaction chamber 12, air water exposure chamber 13 and the centrifugation chamber 14 connecting successively, specifically, outside water inlet manifold 1 is communicated with 12 tops, mixing and reaction chamber, the bottom of mixing and reaction chamber 12 is communicated with the bottom of air water exposure chamber 13, top in air water exposure chamber 13 has enlarged openings, and this enlarged openings is communicated with the top of centrifugation chamber 14.
Wherein, the 12 interior mechanical stirring devices 2 that are vertically provided with in mixing and reaction chamber, for being uniformly mixed the water body of flowing through; In the bottom of air water exposure chamber 13, be provided with dissolved air release 3, for generation of microbubble; In centrifugation chamber 14, be divided into successively solid-liquid displacement zone, ul-trasonic irradiation district, catchment area and mud collection area from top to bottom, the solid-liquid displacement zone that is arranged in body top, pond is provided with dreg scraper 4 and the ash pit 6 of rotation, dreg scraper 4 drives rotation by scraping slag motor 5, and ash pit 6 is for collecting the next scum silica frost of dreg scraper 4 rotations and discharging pond body; Ul-trasonic irradiation district is positioned at below, solid-liquid displacement zone, and in ul-trasonic irradiation district, parallel interval is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic oscillation devices 7, and ultrasonic oscillation device 7 is many fins of tubulose vibration head, and the high frequency ultrasound wave producer external with pond is connected; Catchment area is positioned at the below in ul-trasonic irradiation district, is provided with perforation header 8 in this catchment area, and perforation header 8 is connected with the outfall sewer 9 that leads to pond external body; Below catchment area, be provided with mud collection area, the bottom of centrifugation chamber 14 is bucket-shaped, and the bottom that forms sludge hopper 10. sludge hoppers 10 is connected with shore pipe 11, and shore pipe 11 is for discharging pond body by the water residue of collecting and mud.
It should be noted that, ultrasonic oscillator 7 is arranged at following 1.8~2.0 meters of of liquid level, and ultrasonic bubble floats in water needs certain operating distance, the too short water treatment effect that is unfavorable for; Perforation header 8 is arranged at, 0.25 meter of 7 below of ultrasonic oscillation device, so that construction and installation.
As shown in Figure 1, the treatment process of the ultrasonic air-float integrated water treatment equipment in the present embodiment comprises following step:
1) contaminated water source enters pond body by water inlet manifold 1, and the mixing and reaction chamber 12 that flows through from top to bottom after dosing, is provided with mechanical stirring device 2 in mixing and reaction chamber 12, can change according to raw water quality, to adjust hybrid reaction intensity in good time;
2) the air water exposure chamber 13 that upwards flows through, 12 bottoms, Yuan Shuicong mixing and reaction chamber after dosing hybrid reaction, in this region, former water contacts with a large amount of microbubbles that produce through high-efficiency dissolued-air reliever 3 again after molten gas decompression, the diameter >=100 μ m of microbubble;
3) the enlarging water outlet on 13 tops, air water exposure chamber flows into the solid-liquid displacement zone, top of centrifugation chamber 14, a large amount of ultramicro air bubble holders that the microbubble that in water, most of algae, oil droplet and suspended solids are discharged by molten gas and afterwards ultrasonic wave produce are bubbled through the water column, the algae of keeping afloat, oils and suspended solids are rotated dreg scraper 4 and scrape into pond body ash pit 6 on one side, by scum pipe, discharge outside pond;
4) the ul-trasonic irradiation district at 14 middle parts, centrifugation chamber of flowing through under water after dissolved air flotation, the ultramicro air bubble that ultrasonic oscillation produces can be strengthened the solid-liquid separation effect on body top, pond greatly; In ul-trasonic irradiation district, be provided with a plurality of ultrasonic oscillation devices 7 that are parallel to each other, ultrasonic oscillation device 7 is specially many fins of tubulose vibration head, be connected with a high frequency ultrasound wave producer outside pond, the pulse signal that this high frequency ultrasound wave producer sends produces ultrasonic pulse concussion after transverter conversion, by pipe connecting, pass to many fins vibration head, between fin, form the ultrasonic wave being evenly distributed and discharge field, to produce ultramicro air bubble, remaining algae, oil droplet and suspended solids holder in water are bubbled through the water column, herein diameter≤5 μ the m of ultramicro air bubble; According to the variation of source quality, can be by controlling ultrasonic intensity and pulse-repetition, adjust quantity and the dimensional change of ultramicro air bubble in pond in good time, and the size of ultrasonic cavitation oxidation capacity, thereby can effectively improve the degradation capability of solid-liquid separation efficiency, algae removal oil removing ability and the organic pollutant of equipment, save equipment energy consumption significantly;
5) the former water after ultrasonic air-float is processed flows into the catchment area of 14 bottoms, centrifugation chamber downwards, in this catchment area, be provided with perforation header 8, to process the collection of rear water and send outside pond by outfall sewer 9, perforation header 8 adopts non-metallic material to make, and is arranged on the lower region of ultrasonic oscillation device group;
6) sludge hopper 10 of pond body bottom, can, according to body refuse situation in pond, discharge residue in water and mud outside pond through shore pipe at the bottom of pond 11 in time.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment is:
1. intensive pressurized dissolved air flotation technique: must add medicament and make water-borne glue body particle de-steady before air supporting is processed, although conventional air-floating processing apparatus is with medicine machine, but usually there is no mix reaction equipment, cause air supporting processing efficiency not give full play to, the present embodiment is at the anterior ad hoc lattice mechanically mixing reaction chamber of integration apparatus, can adjust hybrid reaction intensity according to change of water quality and pharmacy variety, to meet the efficient technical requirements of processing of air supporting in good time and neatly; Conventional press dissolved air flotation process adopts the specific equipments such as raw water pump, air compressor machine, pressure air-dissolving filling, ejector, reliever and reflux pump, whole system equipment is many, floor space is large, intensive degree is low, the efficient air-water mixing pump of the present embodiment pressurized dissolved air flotation process using (turbulence pump), has omitted the complicated setting such as force (forcing) pump, air compressor machine, ejector, dissolving; Water suction limit, limit is air-breathing, the interior pressurization of pump mixes, molten gas efficiency reaches 90~100%, and mixing efficiency is high, and technique is advanced, simple to operate, and running cost is low; Solved that the inevitable reliever of traditional air-float technology easily stops up, air pocket seethes and many worries such as force (forcing) pump fault; Micro bubble content is large, and water treatment is effective; The efficient pressurization mixing functions of turbulence pump, not only can realize the miniaturization of equipment, has also saved investment and operating cost.
2. intensive multiple air supporting Treatment Effects: pressure air-dissolving water discharges a large amount of microbubbles through dissolved air release contacts with former water in air water exposure chamber, and supporting a large amount of suspended substances, upwards flows out to equipment body top and carries out solid-liquid separation; The meanwhile ultrasonic cavitation in equipment body bottom ul-trasonic irradiation district concussion reaction, produce a large amount of ultramicro air bubbles (diameter≤5 μ m), also supporting in water a large amount of flow of suspension to top, greatly strengthened the processing efficiency of solid-liquid displacement zone, at the water surface, rotation slag scraper is installed, constantly scum silica frost is scraped into pond ash pit on one side; So just, on the main body top of same equipment, synchronously synthesize multiple air supporting effect (air-dissolving air-float and ultrasonic air-float) and automatic skimming function, improved the intensive degree of equipment air supporting processing capacity.
3. intensive ultrasonic technique: at airfloat equipment lower body part water stream channel many group ultrasonic oscillation devices that be arranged in parallel, form ul-trasonic irradiation district, oscillator adopts many fins of tubulose vibration head, outside pond, link a high frequency ultrasound wave producer, the pulse signal that producer sends produces ultrasonic pulse concussion after transverter conversion, by pipe connecting, pass to many fins vibration head, between fin, form the ultrasonic wave being evenly distributed and discharge field; Ultrasonic intensity and frequency are adjustable, and energy consumption is low, the bio-refractory organic pollutant in the high temperature that ultrasonic cavitation reaction produces, high pressure and the effective degradation water of nascent state hydroxyl meeting, and sterilizing deoiling effect is outstanding; (evidence synthesis has strong inhibit feature to algae) this equipment is integrated by air supporting and two processing capacities of ultrasonic wave, has greatly improved the intensive degree of equipment.
4. intensive catchment and spoil disposal function is arranged: in equipment body bottom, collector pipe network is arranged on to bottom, ul-trasonic irradiation district, the water outlet after ultrasonication is perforated collector pipe network and collects, and sends outside pond by outfall sewer; Sludge hopper is set at the bottom of pond, exports external shore pipe, and quick-opening valve is set; Catchment and arrange and arrange along equipment water (flow) direction (vertically) with these two functions of spoil disposal, significantly improved the intensive degree of equipment.