CN104209496A - Device and method for preparing particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104209496A CN104209496A CN201410352657.4A CN201410352657A CN104209496A CN 104209496 A CN104209496 A CN 104209496A CN 201410352657 A CN201410352657 A CN 201410352657A CN 104209496 A CN104209496 A CN 104209496A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010115 full-mold casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material and belongs to the technical field of preparation of abrasion-resistant materials. The device comprises a cavity of a boss, an inner quartz tube, an EPS (Expandable Polystyrene) foam, a precast layer, a metal net, silica sand, a metal net, a rubber plug, a right-angle quartz tube, a sand mold, an outer quartz tube, a vacuum gauge, a vacuum valve and a vacuum pump. By virtue of a vacuum sealing technology, the cavity filling capability of molten metal is improved, so as to facilitate infiltration of the molten metal among the reinforced particles, so that a thicker and more compact composite layer is obtained and the prepared particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material has the advantages of relatively high reinforcement volume fraction, relatively uniform reinforcement distribution and excellent impact and abrasion resistance. The method has the characteristics that the cavity filling capability of the molten metal is high and the surface composition thickness of the particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material is large. The method is not only applicable to preparing a common particle-reinforced metal matrix surface composite material, but also applicable to preparing a mechanical testing material with relatively high requirement on the composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method preparing particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material, belong to anti-high-abrasive material preparing technical field.
Background technology
The development of modern industry requires more and more higher to the anti-wear performance of material, the departments such as metallurgy, mine, building materials, electric power, chemical industry, coal and agricultural will use mining machinery, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery and various crushing and grinding machinery respectively, the consumable accessory of these plant equipment receives the wearing and tearing of the various material box abrasive body such as sandstone, soil, will consume a large amount of metal every year.According to incomplete statistics, 1/3 ~ 2/3 of the energy is consumed in friction and wear; Concerning material, the part failure of about 80% causes owing to wearing and tearing, and what wherein lost efficacy with abrasive material accounts for 50%, and China is used for the abrasion-resistant stee ironware of abrasive wear operating mode according to statistics, will consume more than 200 ten thousand tons every year; Thus, developing one can under wear working condition, and the plastics on new materials with the long life seems very important.
Technology of infiltration casting alloy powder or ceramic particle etc. is fixed on the ad-hoc location of type wall in advance, and then make cast(ing) surface have special structure and properties by cast, this technique is a kind of surface treatment and the shaping technique combined.The method is simple, and without the need to special treatment facility, surface-treated layer has certain thickness, with short production cycle, part is indeformable, has the advantage that other process is incomparable, is the effective way improving the performances such as cast(ing) surface is wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant.After the method occurs, obtain continuous development, especially after nineteen nineties, casting infiltration prepares the favor that composite receives people.
At present, the method for cast-infiltration method preparation table surface composite material is utilized to mainly contain following several: (1) common cast-infiltration method; (2) centrifugal casting infiltration method; (3) V method technology of infiltration casting; (4) full mold technology of infiltration casting (EPC); (5) vacuum carries out technology of infiltration casting (V-EPC).In these techniques, front four kinds of techniques also exist surface quality of continuous castings difference, dimensional accuracy is low, the defect such as easily occur pore or be mingled with, and surface composite layer thinner thickness separately, though and the more front four kinds of techniques of the material that vacuum full mold technology of infiltration casting is prepared compare pore, be mingled with minimizing, dimensional accuracy improves, surface quality also has a certain upgrade, but its composite bed thickness only has 3 ~ 5mm thick at present, to the mechanical property of test compound layer, then cannot to meet in various Mechanics Performance Testing GB to the dimensional requirement of material, based on this, the device and method that vacuum-evaporative pattern casting tungsten carbide strengthens metal surface composite well solves the thin problem of Material cladding layer thickness, the thickness of the particle reinforced surface metal using this installation method to prepare reaches 17mm, meet the requirement to composite material size in current various mechanical test, this kind of method has great importance for material properties test research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device preparing particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material, this device comprises die cavity 1, interior quartz ampoule 2, eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7, rubber stopper I 8, right angle quartz ampoule 9, sand mold 10, rubber stopper II 11, outer quartz ampoule 12, vavuum pump 13, vacuum meter 14, the vacuum valve 15 of band boss, and the die cavity 1 of band boss is positioned on sand mold 10 and sand mold 10 is connected; Die cavity 1 with boss is connected with interior quartz ampoule 2, puts into eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7 in quartz ampoule 2 successively, and the lower end rubber stopper I 8 of interior quartz ampoule 2 seals; One end and the rubber stopper I 8 of right angle quartz ampoule 9 are tightly connected, the other end and rubber stopper II 11 are tightly connected; One end rubber stopper II 11 of outer quartz ampoule 12 seals, and the other end is connected with vavuum pump 13, and vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15 are vertically arranged on the top of vavuum pump 13.
The thickness of eps foam 3 of the present invention is 5 ~ 10mm, the thickness of preformed layer 4 is 15 ~ 25mm, the thickness of quartz sand 6 is 10 ~ 15mm.
The wire netting of more than 150 μm that wire netting I 5 of the present invention is, quartz sand 6 granular size is 600 ~ 850 μm.
The diameter of die cavity (1) cylinder of band boss of the present invention is
Φ120 ~
Φ160mm, be highly 180 ~ 280mm, boss length is 50 ~ 60mm, the wide 50 ~ 60mm of being, height are 8 ~ 15mm.
Interior quartz ampoule 2 of the present invention is placed vertically, perpendicular to the bottom surface of band boss die cavity 1, makes it in cast, obtain a larger fall head thus power is oozed in the larger casting of acquisition.
Sand mold 10 of the present invention prepares by the following method: the moulding sand that first bottom sandbox, layer overlay 40 ~ 50mm is thick, vacuum full mold casting except vavuum pump is oozed device and to be placed in sandbox precalculated position on the moulding sand of bottom, the die cavity wooden model of band boss is placed above device vertical direction, and then carry out moulding with water-glass sand, ooze device by being placed with the casting of vacuum full mold in advance and being with the sandbox water-glass sand of the die cavity wooden model of boss to fill up, outer quartz ampoule is connected with vavuum pump, fill up and consolidation moulding sand after, take out the die cavity wooden model of band boss, be blown into carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide and waterglass are reacted, realize the solidification of sand mold, thus complete moulding.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of described preparation for the preparation of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) enhancing particle and metal dust are mixed, the powder mixed is put into quartzy 2 pipes, complete the preparation of preformed layer, mixed process can use planetary ball mill, ball material mass ratio 3:1 in ball mill, and sizes of balls number is than 1:4 ~ 1:7;
(2) use vavuum pump 13 pairs of suction pouring castings to ooze device to bleed, make the vacuum inside interior quartz ampoule 2 and outer quartz ampoule 12 be 0.065 ~ 0.075MPa;
(3) substrate metal liquid is added in the die cavity 1 of band boss, the suction produced by vacuum, the gravity of molten metal and molten metal soaking tungsten carbide, molten metal is sucked into and comprises in the preset body of tungsten carbide particle, after casting mold cooling, obtain particulate reinforced composite;
(4) terminate final vacuum pump 13 in casting and continue 2 ~ 5 min that bleed, after pouring parent metal liquid to enter the die cavity 1 of band boss, obtain the casting continued ooze mold-filling capacity, the gas produced in casting cycle is by continuing to bleed and discharge in casting mold along with vavuum pump 13, obtain the composite that even tissue defect is less, and at mo(U)ld face spreading thermal-insulating covering agent, improve the heat insulation effect of parent metal liquid in die cavity, thus improve the composite effect of composite.
Parent metal of the present invention is cast iron or cast steel, and described enhancing particle is that one or more in alundum (Al2O3), carborundum, titanium carbide, hard ceramic, tungsten carbide mix in any proportion, and grain diameter is 150 ~ 630 μm.
Vacuum valve 15 of the present invention, is regulated the size of vavuum pump vacuum values, regulates the mold-filling capacity of molten metal by vacuum valve, thus regulates the thickness of composite bed, and is characterized the thickness of composite bed by vacuum values reading size.
The assembling process of the device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of preparation of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) seal one end of interior quartz ampoule 2 with transparent adhesive tape, then put into eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand successively;
(2) seal quartz sand with wire netting II 7 again, make quartz sand keep stratiform, not loose;
(3) utilize right angle quartz ampoule 9 and rubber stopper to be connected with outer quartz ampoule by interior quartz ampoule, right angle quartz ampoule 9 two ends contact with wire netting I 5 and rubber stopper respectively, prevent preformed layer and quartz sand from occurring to loosen;
(4) rubber stopper is connected with outer quartz ampoule 12, connect the vacuum valve 15 of vacuum instrumentation 14, size with a scale respectively successively from outer quartz ampoule 12 toward vavuum pump direction in rubber stopper, the final one end of rubber stopper is tightly connected quartz ampoule outside, and one end is connected in vavuum pump 13.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention is by vacuum sealing technology, the gas that the air be involved in and foamed plastics produce because of vaporization in casting process is taken away, improve the mold-filling capacity of molten metal, in order to molten metal in intergranular infiltration, thus obtain thicker finer and close composite bed, the volume fraction of reinforcement is high, and the combination property of composite is greatly improved;
(2) composite bed thickness utilizing the present invention to prepare can reach 17mm, makes particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material can have better wearability in operating mode now, is applicable to the preparation of various mechanical test sample, meets the requirement of its size aspect;
(3) die cavity with boss in the present invention be arranged so that sampling, cutting composite sample in cut along boss, whole sampling cutting process is convenient, fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of preparation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is metallograph in the middle part of tungsten carbide grain reinforced metal base composite (a) macroscopic interface metallograph, (b) composite bed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In figure: 1-is with the die cavity of boss, quartz ampoule in 2-, 3-EPS foam, 4-preformed layer, 5-wire netting I, 6-quartz sand, 7-wire netting II, 8-rubber stopper I, 9-right angle quartz ampoule, 10-sand mold, the outer quartz ampoule of 11-rubber stopper II, 12-, 13-vavuum pump, 14-vacuum meter, 15-vacuum valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content.
Embodiment 1
The device preparing particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material described in the present embodiment comprises die cavity 1, interior quartz ampoule 2, eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7, rubber stopper I 8, right angle quartz ampoule 9, sand mold 10, rubber stopper II 11, outer quartz ampoule 12, vavuum pump 13, vacuum meter 14, the vacuum valve 15 of band boss, and the die cavity 1 of band boss is positioned on sand mold 10 and sand mold 10 is connected; Die cavity 1 with boss is connected with interior quartz ampoule 2, puts into eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7 in quartz ampoule 2 successively, and the lower end rubber stopper I 8 of interior quartz ampoule 2 seals; One end and the rubber stopper I 8 of right angle quartz ampoule 9 are tightly connected, the other end and rubber stopper II 11 are tightly connected; One end rubber stopper II 11 of outer quartz ampoule 12 seals, and the other end is connected with vavuum pump 13, and vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15 are vertically arranged on the top of vavuum pump 13, as shown in Figure 1.
The thickness of eps foam 3 described in the present embodiment is 5mm, the thickness of preformed layer 4 is 15mm, the thickness of quartz sand 6 is 10mm; 150 μm of wire nettings that wire netting I 5 is, quartz sand 6 granular size is 2000 μm; The diameter of die cavity (1) cylinder of described band boss is
Φ140mm, be highly 220mm, boss long for 55mm, wide be 55mm, high be 11mm.
Described in the present embodiment, sand mold 10 prepares by the following method: the moulding sand that first bottom sandbox, layer overlay 40mm is thick, vacuum full mold casting except vavuum pump is oozed device and to be placed in sandbox precalculated position on the moulding sand of bottom, the die cavity wooden model of band boss 1 is placed above device vertical direction, and then carry out moulding with water-glass sand, ooze device by being placed with the casting of vacuum full mold in advance and being with the sandbox water-glass sand of the die cavity wooden model of boss to fill up, outer quartz ampoule 12 is connected with vavuum pump 13, fill up and consolidation moulding sand after, take out die cavity 1 wooden model of band boss, be blown into carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide and waterglass are reacted, realize the solidification of sand mold, thus complete moulding.
The device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of the preparation described in the present embodiment, for the preparation of tungsten carbide grain reinforced metal base composite surface material, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) to be the tungsten carbide particle of 250 ~ 425 μm and granularity by granularity be, and 150 μm of Ni6025WC powder load planetary ball mills particle and powder is mixed, setting drum's speed of rotation is 100 r/min, the mixed powder time is 30min, ball material mass ratio 3:1, sizes of balls number compares 1:6, tungsten carbide particle 60% ~ 80%, Ni6025WC powder 20% ~ 40% in mixed-powder, described Ni6025WC powder is the mixed-powder of 65% nickel alloy clading and 35%WC; The powder mixed is put into quartz ampoule 2, completes the preparation of preformed layer;
(2) use vavuum pump 13 pairs of suction pouring castings to ooze device to bleed, make the vacuum inside interior quartz ampoule 2 and outer quartz ampoule 12 be 0.065 ~ 0.075MPa;
(3) use the cast steel of intermediate frequency furnace to configuration to carry out melting, cast steel molten metal is 1620 DEG C from the temperature that breeds of intermediate frequency furnace, and the pouring temperature recorded before cast in casting ladle is 1580 DEG C;
(4) cast steel molten metal is added in the die cavity 1 of band boss, molten metal is sucked into and comprises in the preset body of tungsten carbide particle, after casting mold cooling, obtain particulate reinforced composite;
(5) terminate final vacuum pump 13 in casting and continue 3 min that bleed, and at mo(U)ld face spreading thermal-insulating covering agent;
The tungsten carbide particle that the present embodiment prepares strengthens skin layer composite material and is of a size of 50 × 17mm, and meet Mechanics Performance Testing specimen size requirement, through compression verification, obtaining compression yield strength is 847MPa, and compression strength is 1215.03MPa.
The tungsten carbide particle that the present embodiment prepares strengthens the metallograph of skin layer composite material as shown in Figure 2, wherein scheme the metallograph that (a) is macroscopic interface (combination interface between steel and composite bed), figure (b) is (combination interface between tungsten carbide particle and steel) metallograph in the middle part of composite bed, can find out that the interface cohesion of composite bed and cast steel molten metal is all right by figure (a), define obvious transition interface, can find out that tungsten carbide strengthens particle and is distributed in more uniformly in molten steel by figure (b), particle and molten steel are in conjunction with all right, soilless sticking phenomenon occurs, the material of preparation meets the requirement of Mechanics Performance Testing.
Embodiment 2
The device preparing particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material described in the present embodiment comprise the die cavity 1 of band boss, interior quartz ampoule 2, eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7, rubber stopper I 8, right angle quartz ampoule 9, sand mold 10, rubber stopper II 11, outer quartz ampoule 12, vavuum pump 13, vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15, the die cavity 1 of band boss is positioned on sand mold 10 and sand mold 10 is connected; Die cavity 1 with boss is connected with interior quartz ampoule 2, puts into eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7 in quartz ampoule 2 successively, and the lower end rubber stopper I 8 of interior quartz ampoule 2 seals; One end and the rubber stopper I 8 of right angle quartz ampoule 9 are tightly connected, the other end and rubber stopper II 11 are tightly connected; One end rubber stopper II 11 of outer quartz ampoule 12 seals, and the other end is connected with vavuum pump 13, and vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15 are vertically arranged on the top of vavuum pump 13, as shown in Figure 1.
The thickness of eps foam 3 described in the present embodiment is 5mm, the thickness of preformed layer 4 is 15mm, the thickness of quartz sand 6 is 10mm; 150 μm of wire nettings that wire netting I 5 is, quartz sand 6 granular size is 2000 μm; The diameter of die cavity (1) cylinder of described band boss is
Φ160mm, be highly 280mm, boss long for 60mm, wide be 60mm, high be 15mm.
Described in the present embodiment, sand mold 10 prepares by the following method: the moulding sand that first bottom sandbox, layer overlay 40mm is thick, vacuum full mold casting except vavuum pump is oozed device and to be placed in sandbox precalculated position on the moulding sand of bottom, the die cavity wooden model of band boss 1 is placed above device vertical direction, and then carry out moulding with water-glass sand, ooze device by being placed with the casting of vacuum full mold in advance and being with the sandbox water-glass sand of the die cavity wooden model of boss to fill up, outer quartz ampoule 12 is connected with vavuum pump 13, fill up and consolidation moulding sand after, take out die cavity 1 wooden model of band boss, be blown into carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide and waterglass are reacted, realize the solidification of sand mold, thus complete moulding.
The device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of the preparation described in the present embodiment, for the preparation of SiC particles reinforced Metal Substrate composite surface material, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) to get particle diameter be the silicon-carbide particle of 500 ~ 630 μm and particle diameter is that the chromium powder of 60 μm loads planetary ball mill and particle and powder mixed, setting drum's speed of rotation is 100 r/min, the mixed powder time is 30min, ball material mass ratio 3:1, sizes of balls number is than 1:5, and in mixed-powder, silicon-carbide particle is 40%, chromium powder is 1.5%, all the other are particles filled with EPS, the powder mixed and EPS particle are put into quartz ampoule, completes the preparation of preformed layer;
(2) use vavuum pump to ooze device to suction pouring casting to bleed, make the vacuum inside interior quartz ampoule 2 and outer quartz ampoule 12 be 0.065 ~ 0.075MPa;
(3) use intermediate frequency furnace that the cast steel of configuration is carried out melting, cast steel molten metal is 1620 DEG C from the temperature that breeds of intermediate frequency furnace, and the pouring temperature recorded before cast in casting ladle is 1560 DEG C;
(4) cast steel molten metal is added in the die cavity 1 of band boss, molten metal is sucked into and comprises in the preset body of tungsten carbide particle, after casting mold cooling, obtain particulate reinforced composite;
(5) terminate final vacuum pump 13 in casting and continue 3 min that bleed, and at mo(U)ld face spreading thermal-insulating covering agent;
The SiC particles reinforced skin layer composite material that the present embodiment prepares is of a size of 50 × 12mm, meets Mechanics Performance Testing specimen size requirement.
Embodiment 3
The device preparing particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material described in the present embodiment comprise the die cavity 1 of band boss, interior quartz ampoule 2, eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7, rubber stopper I 8, right angle quartz ampoule 9, sand mold 10, rubber stopper II 11, outer quartz ampoule 12, vavuum pump 13, vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15, the die cavity 1 of band boss is positioned on sand mold 10 and sand mold 10 is connected; Die cavity 1 with boss is connected with interior quartz ampoule 2, puts into eps foam 3, preformed layer 4, wire netting I 5, quartz sand 6, wire netting II 7 in quartz ampoule 2 successively, and the lower end rubber stopper I 8 of interior quartz ampoule 2 seals; One end and the rubber stopper I 8 of right angle quartz ampoule 9 are tightly connected, the other end and rubber stopper II 11 are tightly connected; One end rubber stopper II 11 of outer quartz ampoule 12 seals, and the other end is connected with vavuum pump 13, and vacuum meter 14, vacuum valve 15 are vertically arranged on the top of vavuum pump 13, as shown in Figure 1.
The thickness of eps foam 3 described in the present embodiment is 5mm, the thickness of preformed layer 4 is 15mm, the thickness of quartz sand 6 is 10mm; 150 μm of wire nettings that wire netting I 5 is, quartz sand 6 granular size is 2000 μm, and the diameter of die cavity (1) cylinder of described band boss is
Φ120mm, be highly 180mm, boss long for 50mm, wide be 50mm, high be 8mm.
Described in the present embodiment, sand mold 10 prepares by the following method: the moulding sand that first bottom sandbox, layer overlay 40mm is thick, vacuum full mold casting except vavuum pump is oozed device and to be placed in sandbox precalculated position on the moulding sand of bottom, the die cavity wooden model of band boss 1 is placed above device vertical direction, and then carry out moulding with water-glass sand, ooze device by being placed with the casting of vacuum full mold in advance and being with the sandbox water-glass sand of the die cavity wooden model of boss to fill up, outer quartz ampoule 12 is connected with vavuum pump 13, fill up and consolidation moulding sand after, take out die cavity 1 wooden model of band boss, be blown into carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide and waterglass are reacted, realize the solidification of sand mold, thus complete moulding.
The device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of the preparation described in the present embodiment strengthens Metal Substrate composite surface material for the preparation of alumina particle, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) to get particle diameter be alumina particle, the particle diameter of 850 μm is that the boron carbide powder of 75 μm loads planetary ball mill and particle and powder mixed, setting drum's speed of rotation is 100 r/min, the mixed powder time is 30min, ball material mass ratio 3:1, sizes of balls number is than 1:6, and in mixed-powder, alumina particle is 30% ~ 35%, boron carbide is 3% ~ 5%, all the other are EPS particle, the powder mixed and EPS particle are put into quartz ampoule, completes the preparation of preformed layer;
(2) use vavuum pump 12 pairs of suction pouring castings to ooze device to bleed, make the vacuum inside interior quartz ampoule 2 and outer quartz ampoule 11 be 0.065 ~ 0.075MPa;
(3) use intermediate frequency furnace that the cast steel of configuration is carried out melting, cast steel molten metal is 1610 DEG C from the temperature that breeds of intermediate frequency furnace, and the pouring temperature recorded before cast in casting ladle is 1550 DEG C;
(4) cast steel molten metal is added in the die cavity 1 of band boss, molten metal is sucked into and comprises in the preset body of tungsten carbide particle, after casting mold cooling, obtain particulate reinforced composite;
(5) terminate final vacuum pump 13 in casting and continue 3 min that bleed, and at mo(U)ld face spreading thermal-insulating covering agent.
The alumina particle that the present embodiment prepares strengthens skin layer composite material and is of a size of 50 × 16mm, meets Mechanics Performance Testing specimen size requirement.
Claims (6)
1. prepare the device of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material for one kind, it is characterized in that: this device comprises die cavity (1), interior quartz ampoule (2), eps foam (3), preformed layer (4), wire netting I (5), quartz sand (6), wire netting II (7), rubber stopper I (8), right angle quartz ampoule (9), sand mold (10), rubber stopper II (11), outer quartz ampoule (12), vavuum pump (13), vacuum meter (14), the vacuum valve (15) of band boss, the die cavity (1) of band boss is positioned on sand mold (10) and sand mold (10) is connected; Die cavity (1) with boss is connected with interior quartz ampoule (2), put into eps foam (3), preformed layer (4), wire netting I (5), quartz sand (6), wire netting II (7) in quartz ampoule (2) successively, the lower end rubber stopper I (8) of interior quartz ampoule (2) seals; One end and the rubber stopper I (8) of right angle quartz ampoule (9) are tightly connected, the other end and rubber stopper II (11) are tightly connected; One end rubber stopper II (11) of outer quartz ampoule (12) seals, and the other end is connected with vavuum pump (13), and vacuum meter (14), vacuum valve (15) are vertically arranged on the top of vavuum pump (13).
2. prepare the device of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described eps foam (3) is 5 ~ 10mm, the thickness of preformed layer (4) is 15 ~ 25mm, the thickness of quartz sand (6) is 10 ~ 15mm.
3. prepare the device of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the wire netting of more than 150 μm that described wire netting I (5) is, quartz sand (6) granular size is 600 ~ 850 μm.
4. prepare the device of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described interior quartz ampoule (2) is placed vertically, perpendicular to the bottom surface of band boss die cavity (1).
5. prepare the device of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of die cavity (1) cylinder of described band boss is
Φ120 ~
Φ160mm, be highly 180 ~ 280mm, boss length is 50 ~ 60mm, the wide 50 ~ 60mm of being, height are 8 ~ 15mm.
6. the device of the particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material of preparation according to claim 1 is for the preparation of particulate reinforced metal-based composite surface material, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) enhancing particle and metal dust are mixed, the powder mixed is put into quartz ampoule (2), complete the preparation of preformed layer;
(2) use vavuum pump (13) to ooze device to suction pouring casting to bleed, the vacuum making interior quartz ampoule (2) and outer quartz ampoule (11) the inside is 0.065 ~ 0.075MPa;
(3) use intermediate frequency furnace that the base material of configuration is carried out melting, parent metal liquid is 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C from the temperature that breeds of intermediate frequency furnace, and the pouring temperature before cast in casting ladle is 1540 ~ 1590 DEG C;
(4) substrate metal liquid is added in the die cavity (1) of boss, molten metal is sucked into and comprises in the preset body of tungsten carbide particle, after casting mold cooling, obtain particulate reinforced composite;
(5) terminate final vacuum pump (13) in casting and continue 2 ~ 5 min that bleed, and at mo(U)ld face spreading thermal-insulating covering agent.
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