CN104198254B - Controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices - Google Patents
Controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198254B CN104198254B CN201410476408.6A CN201410476408A CN104198254B CN 104198254 B CN104198254 B CN 104198254B CN 201410476408 A CN201410476408 A CN 201410476408A CN 104198254 B CN104198254 B CN 104198254B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, can effectively solve sample uneven up and down, the apparent incomplete problem of sample, technical scheme is, pressure frame is by lower disc, the frame structure that upper disk and the pillar being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis on upper disk, equipped with platen on the end of helical axis bottom, jack is vertically fixed on lower disc, equipped with sampling die on the piston rod of jack, sampling die is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die is equipped with band eaves cylinder, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves and the cylinder being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder, top eaves is stuck in the upper oral part of sampling die, cylinder stretches in the cavity of sampling die, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die of cylinder constitutes the press-space of sample, the present invention is by guide and differing heights band eaves irony cylindrical fit, realize the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, it is solve the controlled three effective methods of axle sample preparation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to civil engineering soil test field, particularly a kind of sand and fine grained soil controlling density formula geotechnical centrifuge model sample preparation device.
Background technology
Earth material is the important construction material of the engineering aspects such as earth dam, dykes and dams, roadbed, needs earth material to be tamped or rolls to reach design degree of compaction in engineering construction.The shearing strength size rolling the rear soil body is the key factor affecting engineering stability, therefore according to engineering design requirements, is tested by triple axis mode X-ray diffraction in indoor and determines that the soil strength after reinventing is must indispensable important step.According to country's centrifugal modeling code, what carry out soil sample reinvents needs its density of strict control, so as to accurately reflect engineering practice.
Traditional remoulded sample preparation method is to adopt layering compacting process, and owing to this method real hits the uncertain of number and density relationship hitting of each layer soil, therefore it has sizable difficulty in density accurately controlling.Between this reason, need to explore a kind of new method to prepare soil sample, it have been investigated that density domination can be carried out more accurately by the method for compacting, but the impact due to specimen height problem, when causing selecting pressing to produce three axle samples, needing a point three layers to prepare, the height after every layer of soil pressure system is satisfied by 1/3 specimen height, and how developing corresponding sample preparation utensil is the key solving this problem.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the defect of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is just to provide a kind of sand and fine grained soil controlling density formula geotechnical centrifuge model sample preparation device, can effectively solve can not meet homogeneity requirement between same Lot sample individuality, sample is uneven up and down, the apparent incomplete problem of sample.
The technical scheme that this invention address that is, a kind of controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, including pressure frame and jack, pressure frame is by lower disc, the frame structure that upper disk and the pillar being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis on upper disk, helical axis stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen, jack is vertically fixed on lower disc, equipped with sampling die on the piston rod of jack, sampling die is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die is equipped with band eaves cylinder, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves and the cylinder being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder, top eaves is stuck in the upper oral part of sampling die, cylinder stretches in the cavity of sampling die, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die of cylinder constitutes the press-space of sample, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on sampling die, sampling die moves, when the top eaves with eaves cylinder being contained on sampling die contacts with platen, downward press power is produced to eaves cylinder, thus the sample being contained in press-space is suppressed.
Described sampling die includes mold and guide, mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide both ends open, guide is relative with mold oral area, is bolted together up and down, constitutes the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide, described band eaves cylinder has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder, the second band eaves cylinder and the 3rd band eaves cylinder, and the first height of column with eaves cylinder is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide is H2, wherein, h3=H2h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/3,
During use, will be divided into three parts for soil sample by quality, first a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide first top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the first band eaves cylinder；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide loads onto the second band eaves cylinder of vice-minister, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide second top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the second band eaves cylinder；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, obtain, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
A kind of method for making sample adopting controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, comprises the following steps:
One, get the raw materials ready
By different water cut for earth material, respectively under design dry density, by test three axle specimen size requirements, the wet soil quality needed for calculating volume of sample and preparing sample, prepare soil sample by calculating required wet soil quality, required soil sample is divided into three parts by quality；
Two, controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices are installed
Described controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices include pressure frame and jack, pressure frame includes lower disc, the frame structure that upper disk and the pillar being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis on upper disk, helical axis stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen, jack is vertically fixed on lower disc, equipped with sampling die on the piston rod of jack, sampling die is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die is equipped with band eaves cylinder, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves and the cylinder being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder, top eaves is stuck in the cavity that the upper oral part cylinder of sampling die stretches into sampling die, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die of cylinder constitutes the press-space of sample；
Described sampling die includes mold and guide, mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide both ends open, guide is relative with mold oral area, is bolted together up and down, constitutes the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide, described band eaves cylinder has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder, the second band eaves cylinder and the 3rd band eaves cylinder, and the first height of column with eaves cylinder is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide is H2, wherein, h3=H2, h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/ 3；
Three, sample preparation
First a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide first top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the first band eaves cylinder；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide loads onto the second band eaves cylinder of vice-minister, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide second top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the second band eaves cylinder；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder, jack is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder contacts with platen, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, three axle samples of density and given size must be set, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
Present configuration novelty is unique, advantages of simple, when compacting soil sample, by guide and differing heights band eaves irony cylindrical fit, it is achieved the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, it is possible to carry out sample density control comparatively accurately, preparing sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement；Its method for making sample, for the sample of various sizes, all can be realized by change sampling die and band eaves irony cylinder size, have the general suitability for geotechnical centrifuge model, be solve the controlled three effective methods of axle sample preparation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axonometric chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pressure frame of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sampling die of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of guide of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the base of sampling die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of arc plate of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of cranse of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation with eaves cylinder of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Provided by Fig. 1-8, one controlling density formula of the present invention geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, including pressure frame and jack, pressure frame 1 is by lower disc 12a, the frame structure that upper disk 12b and the pillar 11 being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis 13 on upper disk 12b, helical axis 13 stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen 15, jack 2 is vertically fixed on lower disc 12a, equipped with sampling die 4 on the piston rod of jack 2, sampling die 4 is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die 4 is equipped with band eaves cylinder 3, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves 31 and the cylinder 32 being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder 3, top eaves 31 is stuck in the upper oral part of sampling die, cylinder 32 stretches in the cavity of sampling die 4, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die 4 of cylinder 32 constitutes the press-space of sample, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on sampling die 4, sampling die 4 moves, when the top eaves 31 with eaves cylinder 3 being contained on sampling die 4 contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced to eaves cylinder 3, thus the sample being contained in press-space is suppressed.
For ensureing result of use, the upper surface of described top eaves 31 is just right with the lower surface of platen 15；
Described helical axis 13 stretches out equipped with runner 14 on the one end on disk top, conveniently adjusts height；
Described sampling die 4 includes mold and guide 43, mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide 43 both ends open, guide 43 is relative with mold oral area, is bolted together up and down, constitutes the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide 43, described band eaves cylinder 3 has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder 3a, the second band eaves cylinder 3b and the three band eaves cylinder 3c, and the first height of column with eaves cylinder 3a is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder 3b is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder 3c is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide 43 is H2, wherein, h3=H2h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/ 3；The height H of described mold inner chamber1Cavity heights H with guide 432It is the actual lumen height after assembly completes, namely without overlap height；
During use, will be divided into three parts for soil sample by quality, first a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder 3a, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 first top eaves with eaves cylinder 3a contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3a to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the first band eaves cylinder 3a；Press-space has been loaded for soil sample again by second part, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the second band eaves cylinder 3b of vice-minister, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 second top eaves with eaves cylinder 3b contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3b to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the second band eaves cylinder 3b；Again last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder 3c, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder 3c contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3c to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, obtain, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
Described mold includes mould body wall 41, cranse 42 and base 44, mould body wall 41 is the round tubular structure constituted that is bolted together by multiple arc plates, the internal diameter of mould body wall 41 is identical with the internal diameter of guide 43, cranse 42 is sleeved on the outside of mould body wall 41, for fixing arc plate, mould body wall 41 bottom is sleeved on base 44, guide 43 be sleeved on mould body wall 41 top, the outer wall of base 44 has uniform first jiao ear 45, the outer wall of guide 43 is evenly equipped with the second jiao ear 47 corresponding with first jiao of ear 45, through screw thread and fixing nut equipped with vertical fixing bar 46 between first jiao of ear 45 and second jiao of ear 47.
A kind of method for making sample adopting controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, comprises the following steps:
One, get the raw materials ready
By different water cut for earth material, respectively under design dry density, by test three axle specimen size requirements, the wet soil quality needed for calculating volume of sample and preparing sample, prepare soil sample by calculating required wet soil quality, required soil sample is divided into three parts by quality；
Two, controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices are installed
Described controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices include pressure frame 1 and jack 2, pressure frame 1 includes lower disc 12a, the frame structure that upper disk 12b and the pillar 11 being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis 13 on upper disk 12b, helical axis 13 stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen 15, jack 2 is vertically fixed on lower disc 12a, equipped with sampling die 4 on the piston rod of jack 2, sampling die 4 is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die 4 is equipped with band eaves cylinder 3, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves 31 and the cylinder 32 being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder 3, top eaves 31 is stuck in the cavity that the upper oral part cylinder 32 of sampling die stretches into sampling die 4, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die 4 of cylinder 32 constitutes the press-space of sample；
Described sampling die 4 includes mold and guide 43, mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide 43 both ends open, guide 43 is relative with mold oral area, is bolted together up and down, constitutes the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide 43, described band eaves cylinder 3 has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder 3a, the second band eaves cylinder 3b and the three band eaves cylinder 3c, and the first height of column with eaves cylinder 3a is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder 3b is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder 3c is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide 43 is H2, wherein, h3=H2, h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/ 3；
Three, sample preparation
First a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder 3a, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 first top eaves with eaves cylinder 3a contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3a to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the first band eaves cylinder 3a；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the second band eaves cylinder 3b of vice-minister, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 second top eaves with eaves cylinder 3b contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3b to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the second band eaves cylinder 3b；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder 3c, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder 3c contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3c to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, three axle samples of density and given size must be set, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present embodiment is suitable for being diameter 61.8mm, three axle samples of high 120mm size, for the sample of other size, all can only be realized by change sampling die and the size with eaves cylinder.
The band eaves cylinder of the present embodiment is divided into long, medium and short three, and three cylinder 32 diameters with eaves cylinder 3 are 61.8mm, diameter 95mm, the thickness 10mm of top eaves 31, three height of column with eaves cylinder respectively 160mm, 120mm, 80mm；
The high 86mm of guide 43 of the sampling die of the present embodiment, equipped with second jiao of uniform ear 47 on guide outer wall, upper-end inner diameter 61.8mm, lower end inside 17mm is highly for gradual change arc, ratio of slope 1:2, bottom diameter 71.8mm；Three arc plate height are 120mm, and its upper and lower side 17mm is highly for gradual change arc, ratio of slope 1:2, upper and lower side thickness 3mm, interior thickness 6mm；Cranse 42 internal diameter is 72mm, external diameter 80mm, and thick 4mm, for three pieces of arc plates of banding；Base is bowl-type, base upper inner has highly for the gradual change arc of 17mm, gradual change arc upper port interior diameter 72mm, and the base inner diameter of gradual change arc bottom is 67.8mm, base total height is 31mm, and bottom thickness is 6mm, three first jiao of ears 45 of uniform welding on base, three fixing bars 46 it are respectively provided with between first jiao of ear 45 and second jiao of ear 47, bar adopts rotating shaft steel column to be connected with angle ear, and the long 198mm of bar, bar top is provided with screw thread and fixing nut；Guide 43 is bolted together by the gradual change arc of mould body wall 41 upper end that the gradual change arc of its lower end and three arc plates are assembled into, mould body wall 41 is bolted together by the gradual change arc that the gradual change arc of its lower end and base 44 are suitable for reading, button removes the thickness of overlap height and base end face, i.e. the height H of mold inner chamber1The cavity heights H of=120mm and guide 432=80mm；
Three pillars 11 of the pressure frame 1 of the present embodiment are highly that 510mm, three pillars are fixing with upper lower disc 12 by two ends screw thread and nut, upper lower disc 12 diameter is 275mm, and thickness is 25mm, and upper disk central authorities are provided with helical axis 13, helical axis diameter is 55mm, length is 150mm, and helical axis 13 upper end disposes runner 14, and runner 14 diameter is 160mm, fix with nut, lower end welding platen 15, platen diameter 200mm, thickness is 12mm；
Using this sample preparation device, it is as follows that controlling density three axle reinvents sample sample making course:
One, get the raw materials ready
By different water cut for earth material, respectively under design dry density, by test three axle specimen size requirements, the wet soil quality needed for calculating volume of sample and preparing sample, prepare soil sample by calculating required wet soil quality, required soil sample is divided into three parts by quality；
Two, controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices are installed
Described controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices include pressure frame 1 and jack 2, pressure frame 1 includes lower disc 12a, the frame structure that upper disk 12b and the pillar 11 being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis 13 on upper disk 12b, helical axis 13 stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen 15, jack 2 is vertically fixed on lower disc 12a, equipped with sampling die 4 on the piston rod of jack 2, sampling die 4 is the hollow structure of upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die 4 is equipped with band eaves cylinder 3, it it is the integrative-structure being made up of top eaves 31 and the cylinder 32 being contained in eaves bottom, top with eaves cylinder 3, top eaves 31 is stuck in the cavity that the upper oral part cylinder 32 of sampling die stretches into sampling die 4, cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die 4 of cylinder 32 constitutes the press-space of sample；
Described sampling die 4 includes mold and guide 43, and mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide 43 both ends open, guide 43 is relative with mold oral area, is bolted together up and down, constitutes the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide 43
Described mold includes mould body wall 41, cranse 42 and base 44, mould body wall 41 is the round tubular structure constituted that is bolted together by multiple arc plates, the internal diameter of mould body wall 41 is identical with the internal diameter of guide 43, cranse 42 is sleeved on the outside of mould body wall 41, for fixing arc plate, mould body wall 41 bottom is sleeved on base 44, guide 43 be sleeved on mould body wall 41 top, the outer wall of base 44 has uniform first jiao ear 45, the outer wall of guide 43 is evenly equipped with the second jiao ear 47 corresponding with first jiao of ear 45, through screw thread and fixing nut equipped with vertical fixing bar 46 between first jiao of ear 45 and second jiao of ear 47；
Described band eaves cylinder 3 has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder 3a, the second band eaves cylinder 3b and the three band eaves cylinder 3c, and the first height of column with eaves cylinder 3a is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder 3b is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder 3c is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide 43 is H2, wherein, h3=H2, h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/ 3；Wherein, h1=160mm, h2=120mm, h3=80mm, H1=120mm, H2=80mm；
Three, sample preparation
First a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder 3a, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 first top eaves with eaves cylinder 3a contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3a to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the first band eaves cylinder 3a；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the second band eaves cylinder 3b of vice-minister, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 second top eaves with eaves cylinder 3b contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3b to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unloads the second band eaves cylinder 3b；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide 43 loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder 3c, jack 2 is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide 43 the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder 3c contacts with platen 15, downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder 3c to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, three axle samples of density and given size must be set, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, it is pressed into diameter 61.8mm and the GB sized samples of height 120mm, carry out sample density control accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
Claims (5)
1. controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices, including pressure frame and jack, it is characterized in that, pressure frame (1) is by lower disc (12a), the frame structure that upper disk (12b) and the pillar (11) being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis (13) on upper disk (12b), helical axis (13) stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen (15), jack (2) is vertically fixed on lower disc (12a), equipped with sampling die (4) on the piston rod of jack (2), the hollow structure that sampling die (4) is upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die (4) is equipped with band eaves cylinder (3), it is by pushing up eaves (31) and being contained in the integrative-structure that the cylinder (32) of eaves bottom, top is constituted with eaves cylinder (3), top eaves (31) is stuck in the upper oral part of sampling die, cylinder (32) stretches in the cavity of sampling die (4), cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die (4) of cylinder (32) constitutes the press-space of sample, jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on sampling die (4), sampling die (4) is upper to be moved, when the top eaves (31) with eaves cylinder (3) being contained on sampling die (4) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced to eaves cylinder (3), thus the sample being contained in press-space is suppressed；Described sampling die (4) includes mold and guide (43), mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide (43) both ends open, guide (43) is relative with mold oral area, it is bolted together up and down, constitute the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide (43), described band eaves cylinder (3) has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder (3a), the second band eaves cylinder (3b) and the 3rd band eaves cylinder (3c), the first height of column with eaves cylinder (3a) is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder (3b) is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder (3c) is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide (43) is H2, wherein, h3=H2h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/3,
During use, will be divided into three parts for soil sample by quality, first a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder (3a), jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) first top eaves with eaves cylinder (3a) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3a) to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the first band eaves cylinder (3a)；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto second band eaves cylinder (3b) of vice-minister, jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) second top eaves with eaves cylinder (3b) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3b) to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the second band eaves cylinder (3b)；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder (3c), jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder (3c) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3c) to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, obtain, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
2. controlling density formula according to claim 1 geotechnique three axle sample preparation devices, it is characterised in that the upper surface of described top eaves (31) is just right with the lower surface of platen (15).
3. controlling density formula according to claim 1 geotechnique three axle sample preparation devices, it is characterised in that described helical axis (13) stretches out on the one end on disk top equipped with runner (14).
4. controlling density formula according to claim 1 geotechnique three axle sample preparation devices, it is characterized in that, described mold includes mould body wall (41), cranse (42) and base (44), mould body wall (41) is the round tubular structure constituted that is bolted together by multiple arc plates, the internal diameter of mould body wall (41) is identical with the internal diameter of guide (43), cranse (42) is sleeved on the outside of mould body wall (41), for fixing arc plate, mould body wall (41) bottom is sleeved on base (44), guide (43) be sleeved on mould body wall (41) top, the outer wall of base (44) has uniform first jiao ear (45), the outer wall of guide (43) is evenly equipped with the second jiao ear (47) corresponding with first jiao of ear (45), through screw thread and fixing nut equipped with vertical fixing bar (46) between first jiao of ear (45) and second jiao of ear (47).
5. one kind adopts the method for making sample of controlling density formula geotechnique three axle sample preparation devices described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One, get the raw materials ready
By different water cut for earth material, respectively under design dry density, by test three axle specimen size requirements, the wet soil quality needed for calculating volume of sample and preparing sample, prepare soil sample by calculating required wet soil quality, required soil sample is divided into three parts by quality；
Two, controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices are installed
Described controlling density formula geotechnique's three axle sample preparation devices include pressure frame (1) and jack (2), pressure frame (1) includes lower disc (12a), the frame structure that upper disk (12b) and the pillar (11) being vertically contained between two disks are constituted, equipped with vertical helical axis (13) on upper disk (12b), helical axis (13) stretches out on the end of disk bottom equipped with platen (15), jack (2) is vertically fixed on lower disc (12a), equipped with sampling die (4) on the piston rod of jack (2), the hollow structure that sampling die (4) is upper opening, the upper oral part of sampling die (4) is equipped with band eaves cylinder (3), it is by pushing up eaves (31) and being contained in the integrative-structure that the cylinder (32) of eaves bottom, top is constituted with eaves cylinder (3), top eaves (31) is stuck in the cavity that the upper oral part cylinder (32) of sampling die stretches into sampling die (4), cavity between lower surface and the bottom surface of sampling die (4) of cylinder (32) constitutes the press-space of sample；
Described sampling die (4) includes mold and guide (43), mold is the circular hollow structure of upper opening, the tubular structure of guide (43) both ends open, guide (43) is relative with mold oral area, it is bolted together up and down, constitute the integrative-structure of dismountable, mold is identical with the internal diameter of guide (43), described band eaves cylinder (3) has 3, respectively the first band eaves cylinder (3a), the second band eaves cylinder (3b) and the 3rd band eaves cylinder (3c), the first height of column with eaves cylinder (3a) is h1, the second height of column with eaves cylinder (3b) is h2, the 3rd height of column with eaves cylinder (3c) is h3, the height of mold inner chamber is H1, the cavity heights of guide (43) is H2, wherein, h3=H2, h2-H2=2H1/ 3, h1-H2=H1/ 3；
Three, sample preparation
First a copy of it is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto the first the longest band eaves cylinder (3a), jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) first top eaves with eaves cylinder (3a) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3a) to first, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 1/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the first band eaves cylinder (3a)；
Press-space has been loaded for soil sample by second part, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto second band eaves cylinder (3b) of vice-minister, jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) second top eaves with eaves cylinder (3b) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3b) to second, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is the 2/3 of the height of mold inner chamber, jack return, unload the second band eaves cylinder (3b)；
Last portion is loaded press-space for soil sample, upper oral part at guide (43) loads onto the 3rd the shortest band eaves cylinder (3c), jack (2) is applied with pressure on top surface, act on the bottom of mold, sampling die moves, when the be contained on guide (43) the 3rd top eaves with eaves cylinder (3c) contacts with platen (15), downward press power is produced with eaves cylinder (3c) to the 3rd, under the importing effect of guide, the soil sample being contained in press-space is suppressed by cylinder, after compacting, the thickness of soil sample is equal with the height of mold inner chamber, three axle samples of density and given size must be set, thus realizing the even laminating sample preparation of three axle samples, sample density control can be carried out comparatively accurately, prepare sample uniform, complete and smooth, density meets design requirement.
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