CN104195035A - Novel comprehensive waste heat utilization system of biogas engineering - Google Patents
Novel comprehensive waste heat utilization system of biogas engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN104195035A CN104195035A CN201410468767.7A CN201410468767A CN104195035A CN 104195035 A CN104195035 A CN 104195035A CN 201410468767 A CN201410468767 A CN 201410468767A CN 104195035 A CN104195035 A CN 104195035A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/20—Heating or cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a novel comprehensive waste heat utilization system of biogas engineering. The biogas engineering comprises a fermentation tank and a biogas residue and liquid tank, and a step waste heat recycling system comprises a hot water tank, a primary heat lifting system and a secondary heat lifting system. According to the novel comprehensive waste heat utilization system of biogas engineering, the heat in the biogas resides and biogas liquids is collected into the hot water tank through the primary heat lifting system, heat in the hot water tank is further heated by using a small amount of electric energy through the second heat lifting system and is subsequently fed into a thermal storage tank, the heat in the thermal storage tank is further heated through a straight combustion type heat pump and is conducted to the fermentation tank, then the temperature necessary for biogas fermentation is maintained, the heat carried in the discharged biogas residue and the biogas liquid is effectively utilized, the energy consumption for maintaining the fermentation temperature is reduced, the normal operation of the biogas engineering is effectively maintained, the positive cycle of the system is maintained, the operation cost of the biogas engineering is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced by 50-90%, the situation that the biogas engineering can make no profit is changed, and great economic benefits are generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy recovery and utilize system, specifically, is a kind of biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system.
Background technology
At present worldwide, the fossil oils such as oil, Sweet natural gas, coal are day by day in short supply, non-renewable due to fossil oil, and each state is all actively being found and research alternative energy.Compare with fossil energy, biomass energy has fairly obvious advantage, is a kind of renewable energy source form that integrates environmental benefit and economic benefit.Meanwhile, the fast development of China's economic has also brought serious environmental problem, improves the ecological environment, and realizing economic Sustainable development is the policy emphasis of Chinese future development.Water pollution and Land pollution that biomass waste discharge causes have seriously restricted China's sustainable economic development; industry biomass waste gasification utilizes the mass-producing of technology to meet national great demand and socio-economic development needs; its development is to ecological environment treatment; improve health condition; realize changing waste into resources utilization; promote environmental protection equipment manufacture integral level, pool urban-rural integration development etc. are all significant.
Biogas engineering is along with technological accumulation in recent years, gradually by single raw material to compound material, by a small scale to extensive future development, the large-sized biogas engineering of compound material becomes the main flow of biogas engineering.Aspect biogas industry technical development, although China has developed into a relatively ripe stage in traditional biogas engineering industry, but it is low to be subject to fermentation efficiency, operation energy consumption is high, biogas residue and biogas liquid fertilizer is dissolved and is sold the effects limit such as limited, cause profitability poor can not the operation normally of most biogas engineering, industry development is limited.
In biogas engineering operational process, for maintaining the efficient stable operation of anaerobic reaction, there are thermophilic fermentation (50-60 ℃) and two kinds of techniques of mesophilic digestion (30-35 ℃).Holding temperature is constant is the key that guarantees biogas engineering aerogenesis, the biogas producing all needs to carry out purification process as vehicle fuel or the prerequisite of doing liquefied gas, biogas engineering is in operational process like this, can produce a large amount of tow taste heats, comprise heat that the biogas residue and biogas liquid of discharge carries, purify the heat with the recirculated water of used for air compressor, the heat that the waste heat of generator, pressure swing adsorption decarbonization mode produce, and these heats are because temperature is lower, in conventional engineering, except the heat recovery technology comparative maturity of generator, remaining heat has substantially all slatterned.In biogas engineering, waste heat is failed efficient recovery, system operation needs a large amount of heats, and also need to increase external thermal source by boiler or other approach in order to maintain high temperature or the mesophilic digestion of biogas engineering, according to Various Seasonal, different feeding temperatures, 30%～90% of biogas that biogas engineering produces will be for maintaining leavening temperature, in biogas engineering biogas residue and biogas liquid dissolve and market completely not unimpeded again, will cause the overall efficiency of biogas engineering very poor, substantially all maintain operation breaking even, at the more severe northern area of weather condition, even need the operation of sustaining losses in business.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to that current biogas engineering operation power consumption is large, expense is high, the a large amount of tow taste heats that produce can not utilize, the problems such as the biogas of output is difficult to guarantee to maintain the operation of system, of poor benefits, have designed a kind of biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system.
Biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system of the present invention, described biogas engineering comprises fermentor tank and biogas residue-biogas liquid pool, described ladder residual neat recovering system comprises hot-water cylinder, lifting system of heat and heat second lift system.
Described lifting system of heat comprises interchanger, and biogas residue-biogas liquid pool is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat release side setting with natural pond liquid recycle pump by pipeline, and the water outlet of interchanger heat release side setting is connected with biogas residue-biogas liquid pool by pipeline; The middle and lower part of hot-water cylinder is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat absorbing side setting with heat exchange water pump by pipeline, and the water outlet that interchanger heat absorbing side arranges is connected with the top of hot-water cylinder by pipeline.
Described heat second lift system comprises water resource heat pump, heat-accumulator tank, direct-fired heat pump, hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges with pipeline by the first water pump, and the water outlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges is connected with heat-accumulator tank by pipeline, heat-accumulator tank is connected with the warm water entrance that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline, and the low temperature water return outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges is connected with the water-in that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges with pipeline by the second water pump; The entrance of the hot-water line that the hot water outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges arranges with fermentor tank with pipeline by the 3rd water pump is connected, and the outlet of the hot-water line that fermentor tank arranges is connected with the high-temperature tempering mouth that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline.
Preferably, described biogas engineering comprises the water tower that dries in the air, and the water outlet that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder with pipeline by pneumatics pusher side water pump, and the water-in that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline.
Preferably, temperature sensor is installed in hot-water cylinder, temperature sensor is electrically connected to pneumatics pusher side water pump.
Preferably, described biogas engineering comprises absorption tower, refrigeration residual heat system is installed between absorption tower and hot-water cylinder, described refrigeration residual heat system comprises air conditioner water heating machine, hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges with pipeline by heating side water pump, and the water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges is connected with the recirculated water entrance that absorption tower arranges by pipeline, and the circulating water outlet that absorption tower arranges is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges with pipeline by refrigeration side water pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system by lifting system of heat by the heat collection in biogas residue and biogas liquid in hot-water cylinder, after the heat in hot-water cylinder being heated up by a small amount of electric energy of heat second lift system utilization again, deliver in heat-accumulator tank, utilize direct-fired heat pump that the heat in heat-accumulator tank is heated and passing to fermentor tank, the needed temperature of fermenting while maintaining producing methane, the heat that the biogas residue and biogas liquid of the discharge effectively utilizing carries, reduced and maintained the needed energy consumption of leavening temperature, effectively having maintained biogas engineering moves normally, maintained the benign cycle of system, reduced the working cost of biogas engineering, Energy Intensity Reduction 50～90%, changed the biogas engineering situation that no profits came in, produced huge economic benefit.Biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system has also saved heating boiler and the refrigerator in former biogas engineering system, has reduced recirculated water heat, and power and the capacity of the water tower that reduced to dry in the air have reduced construction cost and the operation maintenance cost of biogas engineering.
Air conditioner water heating machine not only can provide cold water, also the heat of generation can be reclaimed, and hot-water cylinder has reclaimed the heat drying in the air in water tower and air conditioner water heating machine, has further improved the utilization ratio of tow taste heat, has strengthened the efficiency of waste heat recovery.
The temperature sensor of hot-water cylinder setting can detect temperature in hot-water cylinder, when temperature is lower, the pneumatics pusher side water pump being electrically connected to it is started working, and the heat drying in the air in water tower is sent in hot-water cylinder, improve the temperature in hot-water cylinder, make heat collection more efficient and flexible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the system schematic of biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system.
Embodiment
Biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system of the present invention, biogas engineering comprises fermentor tank, biogas residue-biogas liquid pool, dry in the air water tower and absorption tower.Ladder residual neat recovering system comprises hot-water cylinder, lifting system of heat and heat second lift system.
Lifting system of heat comprises interchanger, and biogas residue-biogas liquid pool is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat release side setting with natural pond liquid recycle pump by pipeline, and the water outlet of interchanger heat release side setting is connected with biogas residue-biogas liquid pool by pipeline; The middle and lower part of hot-water cylinder is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat absorbing side setting with heat exchange water pump by pipeline, and the water outlet that interchanger heat absorbing side arranges is connected with the top of hot-water cylinder by pipeline.
Heat second lift system comprises water resource heat pump, heat-accumulator tank, direct-fired heat pump, and direct-fired heat pump has replaced the heating boiler in former biogas engineering system, is fermentor tank heat supply.Hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges with pipeline by the first water pump, and the water outlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges is connected with heat-accumulator tank by pipeline, heat-accumulator tank is connected with the warm water entrance that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline, and the low temperature water return outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges is connected with the water-in that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges with pipeline by the second water pump; The entrance of the hot-water line that the hot water outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges arranges with fermentor tank with pipeline by the 3rd water pump is connected, and the outlet of the hot-water line that fermentor tank arranges is connected with the high-temperature tempering mouth that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline.
The water outlet that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder with pipeline by pneumatics pusher side water pump, and the water-in that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline.Temperature sensor is installed in hot-water cylinder, and temperature sensor is electrically connected to pneumatics pusher side water pump.
Refrigeration residual heat system is installed between absorption tower and hot-water cylinder, described refrigeration residual heat system comprises air conditioner water heating machine, air conditioner water heating machine has replaced in former biogas engineering for decarburization purifies the refrigerator that cold water is provided, hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges with pipeline by heating side water pump, and the water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges is connected with the recirculated water entrance that absorption tower arranges by pipeline, and the circulating water outlet that absorption tower arranges is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges with pipeline by refrigeration side water pump.
When end-of-life state, in biogas engineering, there is no waste heat, also without any biogas, produce.First utilize the fuel such as direct-fired heat pump gas-firing to produce hot water, the hot water of generation is sent in the hot-water line of fermentor tank, for fermentor tank carries out mesophilic digestion or thermophilic fermentation provides necessary temperature.
Fermentor tank starts fermentation and produces after biogas, and Zha He natural pond, the natural pond liquid of generation enters into biogas residue-biogas liquid pool, in fermentor tank, carry out be mesophilic digestion time, the temperature in biogas residue-biogas liquid pool is about 35 ℃; In fermentor tank, carry out be thermophilic fermentation time, the temperature in biogas residue-biogas liquid pool is about 60 ℃.
Natural pond liquid recycle pump is delivered to natural pond liquid in the heat release side of interchanger, and heat exchange water pump is delivered to the water in hot-water cylinder in the heat absorbing side of interchanger, and the heat of natural pond liquid is delivered in the water in hot-water cylinder by interchanger, makes the water temperature in hot-water cylinder reach 30 ℃～35 ℃.
The first water pump is delivered to the water of 30 ℃～35 ℃ in hot-water cylinder in the low temperature side of water resource heat pump, by the heating of water resource heat pump, make a small amount of electric energy, can make the high temperature side output temperature of water resource heat pump reach the water of 45 ℃～50 ℃, and the water of these 45 ℃～50 ℃ is delivered in heat-accumulator tank and stored, by the effect of the second water pump, water in heat-accumulator tank is delivered in direct-fired heat pump, utilize the heat energy of the biogas combustion generation of fermentor tank generation to heat, make direct-fired heat pump produce temperature and reach the water of 60 ℃～75 ℃, finally by the 3rd water pump, the water of these 60 ℃～75 ℃ is sent in the heating tube of fermentor tank, meet the temperature requirement of thermophilic fermentation in fermentor tank or mesophilic digestion.
The biogas that biogas engineering produces is carried and stores, need to utilize Marsh gas compression machine, and that Marsh gas compression machine needs recirculated water to carry out it is in the course of the work cooling, the recirculated water that temperature raises is finally sent to and dries in the air in water tower, then by the water tower that dries in the air by the dissipation of heat atmosphere in water coolant.Temperature sensor in hot-water cylinder detects water temperature in tank, when the water in hot-water cylinder does not reach 30 ℃～35 ℃, temperature sensor sends to pneumatics pusher side water pump by water temperature information, make its work, pneumatics pusher side water pump is transported to the water in hot-water cylinder to dry in the air in water tower, because the water temperature of drying in the air in water tower is about 40 ℃, the heat in the water tower that dries in the air in water coolant is passed in the water of carrying in the hot-water cylinder of coming, and increases the heat-up rate of water in hot-water cylinder.
And due in producing methane process, conventional decarburization purifies need to maintain 7 ℃ of left and right, the general refrigerator that adopts is produced cold, and utilize now air conditioner water heating machine that the cold water of 7 ℃ of left and right is provided to absorption tower, the heat that simultaneously air conditioner water heating machine work produces is delivered in the water heating in the hot-water cylinder that side water pump brings, and has also increased the speed of water in hot-water cylinder.
The waste heat producing in biogas residue-biogas liquid pool, dry in the air water tower and air conditioner water heating machine is all sent in hot-water cylinder, by water resource heat pump, heats, and is sent in direct-fired heat pump, makes direct-fired heat pump only need a small amount of fuel consumption, can carry high-temperature water to fermentor tank.
Claims (4)
1. a biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system, described biogas engineering comprises fermentor tank and biogas residue-biogas liquid pool, it is characterized in that, described ladder residual neat recovering system comprises hot-water cylinder, lifting system of heat and heat second lift system,
Described lifting system of heat comprises interchanger, and biogas residue-biogas liquid pool is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat release side setting with natural pond liquid recycle pump by pipeline, and the water outlet of interchanger heat release side setting is connected with biogas residue-biogas liquid pool by pipeline; The middle and lower part of hot-water cylinder is connected with the water-in of interchanger heat absorbing side setting with heat exchange water pump by pipeline, and the water outlet that interchanger heat absorbing side arranges is connected with the top of hot-water cylinder by pipeline;
Described heat second lift system comprises water resource heat pump, heat-accumulator tank, direct-fired heat pump, hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges with pipeline by the first water pump, and the water outlet that water resource heat pump low temperature side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges is connected with heat-accumulator tank by pipeline, heat-accumulator tank is connected with the warm water entrance that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline, and the low temperature water return outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges is connected with the water-in that water resource heat pump high temperature side arranges with pipeline by the second water pump; The entrance of the hot-water line that the hot water outlet that direct-fired heat pump arranges arranges with fermentor tank with pipeline by the 3rd water pump is connected, and the outlet of the hot-water line that fermentor tank arranges is connected with the high-temperature tempering mouth that direct-fired heat pump arranges by pipeline.
2. biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biogas engineering comprises the water tower that dries in the air, and the water outlet that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder with pipeline by pneumatics pusher side water pump, and the water-in that the water tower that dries in the air arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline.
3. biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, temperature sensor is installed in hot-water cylinder, and temperature sensor is electrically connected to pneumatics pusher side water pump.
4. biogas engineering novel waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biogas engineering comprises absorption tower, refrigeration residual heat system is installed between absorption tower and hot-water cylinder, described refrigeration residual heat system comprises air conditioner water heating machine, hot-water cylinder is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges with pipeline by heating side water pump, and the water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat absorbing side arranges is connected with hot-water cylinder by pipeline; The water outlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges is connected with the recirculated water entrance that absorption tower arranges by pipeline, and the circulating water outlet that absorption tower arranges is connected with the water inlet that air conditioner water heating machine heat release side arranges with pipeline by refrigeration side water pump.
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Cited By (1)
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