CN104194940A - Processing method for increasing content of essential oil in barks as well as branches and leaves of cinnamon - Google Patents
Processing method for increasing content of essential oil in barks as well as branches and leaves of cinnamon Download PDFInfo
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- CN104194940A CN104194940A CN201410445157.5A CN201410445157A CN104194940A CN 104194940 A CN104194940 A CN 104194940A CN 201410445157 A CN201410445157 A CN 201410445157A CN 104194940 A CN104194940 A CN 104194940A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method for increasing the content of essential oil in barks as well as branches and leaves of cinnamon. The processing method comprises the following steps of removing impurities in the barks as well as branches and leaves of the cinnamon, dehydrating, cutting off, carrying out temperature and humidity variable secondary ageing treatment in a dark place, and spraying water mist containing 0.1-0.5% of NaCl at the later period of ageing to further accelerate the conversion of cinnamon oil and increase the ageing efficiency; and meanwhile preliminarily spreading a layer of activated carbon on a bed surface for stacking the barks as well as branches and leaves of the cinnamon to adsorb the cinnamon oil volatilized from the barks as well as branches and leaves of the cinnamon to further increase the utilization ratio of resources. By using the processing method, the content of essential oil in the barks as well as branches and leaves of the harvested cinnamon is increased, and the average content of the essential oil is increased by more than 10% as comparison with the content of essential oil in directly-aired raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural essence spices extractive technique field, specifically a kind of working method that improves Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves essential oil content.
Background technology
Chinese cassia tree (Cinnamomum cassia Presl), belongs to Lauraceae Cinnamomum, and aiphyllium, is the distinctive economic tree of south China, is the medicinal and edible plants that the Ministry of Health of China announces.The bark of Chinese cassia tree, branch, leaf etc. all contain abundant Oleum Cinnamomi, are called for short oil of bay.Oil of bay has the special fragrance of Chinese cassia tree, and taste is sweet, pungent, is the clarified liq of yellow or yellowish brown, and main component is trans-Cinnamylaldehyde 70～85%, trans o-methoxy cinnamic aldehyde 5～12%, is widely used at aspects such as food, essence and flavoring agent, medicine.
China is producing country and the export State of Chinese cassia tree maximum in the world, and the oil of bay outlet that wherein Guangdong and Guangxi produce accounts for the more than 80% of world wide production.The thick oily price of domestic Chinese cassia tree is 120-150 unit/kg, and the price of high-quality cinnamon essential oil is the more than 10 times of thick Oleum Cinnamomi price, and the economic benefit of the processing oil of bay that becomes more meticulous is as seen very remarkable.The oil of bay quality of domestic most process plants is not high, mainly that its odour characteristics composition trans-Cinnamylaldehyde belongs to heat-sensitive substance, when processing treatment, be subject to destruction, add in production and sneak into the impurity in oil of bay, often cause oil of bay fragrance to be difficult to be accepted and be applied in high-end product by perfumer.The key problem in technology that improves oil of bay quality is to reduce oil of bay impurities and avoids thermo-sensitivity characteristic perfume component destroyed.What Chinese cassia tree plantation and processor were concerned about most is exactly yield and the quality that how to improve essential oil.
Improve yield and the quality of Oleum Cinnamomi, first will set about from raw material.After domestic most oil of bay source mill takes green meat cassia bark and branches and leaves to shine or dry, be deposited in warehouse.
About the treatment process of Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves, domestic more existing open source literature reports.Chinese patent application CN201310149932 discloses a kind of stacked arrangement of cinnamon leaf, first be covered with the lkd layer of 5-20 cm thick on the ground of stacking cinnamon leaf, then on lkd layer, cover plank, on plank, stack again cinnamon leaf, the cinnamon leaf of stacking spreads gac one time every the thickness of 0.5～1 meter, and the consumption of gac is 0.1-1 Kilograms Per Square Meter.The method is mainly the ridity when keeping cinnamon leaf to stack, ensures to make the yield and quality of oil of bay thereby reduce and delay becoming morally degenerate of meat branches and leaves.Liu Yonghua, in the article of open source literature " improving the measure of Chinese cassia tree distillation oil yield ", propose, dry branches and leaves treatment process is improper, also can affect the height of distillation oil yield, should change tradition dries as " folded leaf sweating " and is treated to, method is when life branches and leaves are shone to half-dried flavescence look, be bundled into 15-20kg a branch of, then end of the branch outwardly, blade tip is inside, be piled into cylindrical, and build with plastics film, when two weeks rear blade turns black, can open film, taking out branches and leaves shines or dries to put in storage and wait to steam, through " sweating " branches and leaves after treatment like this, oil yield is high, quality better.
Existing Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves treatment process, belong to the material processing under extensive operation, do not take into full account and utilize the biological nature of Chinese cassia tree, i.e. enzymatic conversion produces the secondary metabolism rule of Oleum Cinnamomi, can not make limited resources be fully used.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of working method that improves Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves essential oil content, can increase oil of bay content and the quality of Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of working method that improves Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
(1) the green meat cassia bark getting off gathering and branches and leaves removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves by the Cortex Cinnamomi after removal of impurities and branches and leaves;
(2) by dehydration after Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves be cut into 30-60cm section, be laid on multi-compartment bed by the thickness of 30-45cm, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time 7-10 days;
(3), by Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days;
(4) lucifuge the is ventilated Cortex Cinnamomi of ageing and branches and leaves directly fill pot distillation oil of bay or are deposited in ventilation warehouse, keep relative air humidity < 50%, store stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.
Described green meat cassia bark and branches and leaves removal of impurities are weeds, weedtree, rubble and the soil blocks of sneaking into wherein by first picking out, then complete for 2-3 time with water wash.
Every layer of described multi-compartment bed is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, bed bottom panel hollow out, and hollow out diameter or spacing are 0.2-5cm, except the first layer, every layer of end, is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.
The panel of described multi-compartment bed is batten, wooden stick, reinforcing bar, wire netting, Stainless Steel Cloth and has groove or the steel plate in hole.Slab strength should be supported the raw material weight of stacking.
The 2-3 days in the described ventilation of lucifuge for the second time ageing later stage, the NaCl that contains 0.1-0.5% in the water of humidifier ejection.Be arranged on the humidification atomizer in multi-compartment bed, can maintain Cortex Cinnamomi and the required ambient moisture of branches and leaves ageing, the NaCl that contains 0.1-0.5% in the water spraying at the 2-3 days humidifiers in the ageing later stage of lucifuge ventilation for the second time, can play promotion ageing, improves the effect of oil yield.
First the tile granulated active carbon of one deck 2-5cm of described multi-compartment bed, and then tiling Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves section, can play the secondary metabolite oil of bay that can send from Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves in absorption ageing process, reduces essential oil loss.Commercially available granulated active carbon can play the absorption oil of bay effect of volatilizing, but preferably selects methylene blue adsorption value to be greater than the gac of 100mg/g, and such gac is best to the adsorptive power of key component trans-Cinnamylaldehyde in oil of bay.
Described gac uses after 5-6 time, is collected together, and by wet distillation, removes after the oil of bay of wherein absorption, removes the impurity of sneaking in gac, after oven dry, reuses.
Outstanding advantages of the present invention is:
1, by by Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves removal of impurities, the dehydration of drying in the shade, block, take the treating processes such as temperature and the ageing of humidity secondary lucifuge, improved Cortex Cinnamomi after gathering and the essential oil content of branches and leaves.
2, contain 0.1-0.5%NaCl water smoke at the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time later spray, further promote oil of bay to transform, improve ageing efficiency.Simultaneously, in the bed surface of stacking Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves layer of active carbon that tiles in advance, can adsorb the oil of bay that Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves evaporate, improve resource utilization.
3, Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves crossed through processing treatment of the present invention, cassia bark internal layer and cassia twig section are glossy yellowish brown, the color of basyleaves is glossy yellow, and its average essential oil content is than adopting the essential oil content that directly dries raw material to improve more than 10%, and oil of bay foreign matter content is few.
Embodiment
By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.The present invention includes but be not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
An example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The fresh cinnamon leaf picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cinnamon leaf after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to the warehouse of ventilation, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of its contained 70-80%, now the color of Chinese cassia tree is still green.Cinnamon leaf after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.By above-mentioned cinnamon leaf section, be laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, the 7-10 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days; Now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed used is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is 3 × 4cm × 250cm batten, and spacing is 5cm, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.The above-mentioned cinnamon leaf through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cinnamon leaf after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry cinnamon leaf raw material oil yield.The undressed cinnamon leaf that the identical place of production and season pluck, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.8%, with a collection of after processing treatment oil yield can reach 0.9%, trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 78%.
Embodiment 2
Another example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The fresh cinnamon leaf picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cinnamon leaf after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to the warehouse of ventilation, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves.Cinnamon leaf after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.By above-mentioned cinnamon leaf section, be laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, the 5-7 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days, now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed used is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is diamond-type metal silk screen, and pitch-row is 2cm, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.At the 2-3 days in ageing later stage, the spraying water of humidifier changes the NaCl water containing 0.1% into.The above-mentioned cinnamon leaf through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cinnamon leaf after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry cinnamon leaf raw material oil yield.The undressed cinnamon leaf of plucking, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.6%, the identical place of production and season can reach 0.90% with a collection of oil yield after treatment, and trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 87%.
Embodiment 3
Another example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The green meat cassia bark picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cortex Cinnamomi after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to ventilation warehouse, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves.Cortex Cinnamomi after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.Above-mentioned Cortex Cinnamomi section is laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse, and at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, the 5-7 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days; Now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed used is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is diamond-type metal silk screen, and pitch-row is 2cm, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.At the 2-3 days in ageing later stage, the spraying water of humidifier changes the NaCl water containing 0.1% into.The above-mentioned Cortex Cinnamomi through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cortex Cinnamomi after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry Cortex Cinnamomi raw material oil yield.The undressed Cortex Cinnamomi of plucking, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.7%, the identical place of production and season can reach 0.93% with a collection of oil yield after treatment, and trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 86%.
Embodiment 4
The 4th example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The fresh cinnamon leaf picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cinnamon leaf after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to ventilation warehouse, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves.Cinnamon leaf after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.Above-mentioned cinnamon leaf section is laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse, and at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, the 7-10 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days; Now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed used is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is diamond-type metal silk screen, and pitch-row is 2cm, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.At the 2-3 days in ageing later stage, the spraying water of humidifier changes the NaCl water containing 0.5% into.The above-mentioned cinnamon leaf through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cinnamon leaf after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry cinnamon leaf raw material oil yield.The undressed cinnamon leaf of plucking, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.75%, the identical place of production and season can reach 0.97% with a collection of oil yield after treatment, and trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 87%.
Embodiment 5
The 5th example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The fresh cinnamon leaf picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cinnamon leaf after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to ventilation warehouse, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves.Cinnamon leaf after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.The granulated active carbon of every layer of bed surface upper berth one deck 2-5cm of the first multi-compartment bed in warehouse; commercially available granulated active carbon; methylene blue adsorption value is 80mg/g; again above-mentioned cinnamon leaf section is laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse; at temperature 20-25 DEG C; under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, the 7-10 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days; Now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is the steel plate that has wide 0.2cm groove, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.The above-mentioned cinnamon leaf through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cinnamon leaf after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry cinnamon leaf raw material oil yield.Add the oil of bay reclaiming in gac, the undressed cinnamon leaf that the identical place of production and season pluck, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.7%, can reach 1.2% with a collection of oil yield after treatment, and trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 87.5%.
Embodiment 6
The 6th example of the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi of the present invention and branches and leaves essential oil content, comprises the steps:
The fresh cinnamon leaf picking is removed to the weeds of sneaking into, weedtree, rubble, soil block etc.Cinnamon leaf after removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, is placed on to ventilation warehouse, depending on weather condition, takes natural ventilation to dry in the shade or forced-air blast dehydration, remove the water of the contained 70-80% of branches and leaves.Cinnamon leaf after dehydration is cut into 40-60cm section.The granulated active carbon of every layer of bed surface upper berth one deck 2-5cm of the first multi-compartment bed in warehouse; gac is customized; methylene blue adsorption value is 110mg/g; again by above-mentioned cinnamon leaf section; be laid in by the thickness of 30-45cm on the multi-compartment bed in warehouse, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition; the 7-10 days that keeps in Dark Place, carries out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time.By Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days, now the color of basyleaves becomes yellow or yellowish brown.Every layer of multi-compartment bed is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, and bed bottom panel is the steel plate that has diameter 0.1cm round mouth, and except the first layer, every layer of end is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.The above-mentioned cinnamon leaf through ageing is directly filled to pot distillation extraction oil of bay or is deposited in the raw material finished goods warehouse with ventilation condition, and relative air humidity < 50%, stores stand-by under DEG C condition of temperature≤35.Cinnamon leaf after treatment, improves more than 10% than directly drying or pile dry cinnamon leaf raw material oil yield.Add the oil of bay reclaiming in gac, the undressed cinnamon leaf that the identical place of production and season pluck, by wet distillation, oil yield 0.7%, can reach 1.5% with a collection of oil yield after treatment, and trans-cinnamic aldehyde content is 88.2%.
Claims (8)
1. a working method that improves Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) the green meat cassia bark getting off gathering and branches and leaves removal of impurities, at 30-50 DEG C, remove the water of its contained 70-80% by the Cortex Cinnamomi after removal of impurities and branches and leaves;
(2) by dehydration after Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves be cut into 30-60cm section, be laid on multi-compartment bed by the thickness of 30-45cm, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, under relative air humidity 70-80% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time 7-10 days;
(3), by Cortex Cinnamomi and the branches and leaves of the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the first time, at temperature 35-40 DEG C, under relative air humidity 60-70% condition, carry out the ageing of lucifuge ventilation for the second time 3-5 days;
(4) Cortex Cinnamomi through twice lucifuge ventilation ageing and branches and leaves directly filled to pot distillation oil of bay or be deposited in ventilation warehouse, keeping relative air humidity < 50%, under DEG C condition of temperature≤35, storing stand-by.
2. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 1 and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, described green meat cassia bark and branches and leaves removal of impurities are first to pick out weeds, weedtree, rubble and the soil block of sneaking into wherein, then use water wash 2-3 time.
3. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 1 and branches and leaves essential oil content, it is characterized in that, every layer of described multi-compartment bed is between the upper and lower every 1.2-1.5m, bed bottom panel hollow out, hollow out diameter or spacing are 0.2-5cm, except the first layer, every layer of end, is provided with to the humidifier of lower floor's raw material spraying.
4. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 2 and branches and leaves essential oil content, it is characterized in that, the panel of described multi-compartment bed is batten, wooden stick, reinforcing bar, wire netting, stainless (steel) wire and has groove or the steel plate in hole, and slab strength should be supported the raw material weight of stacking.
5. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 1 and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, the described ventilation of lucifuge for the second time ageing later stage 2-3 days, the NaCl that contains 0.1-0.5% in the water of humidifier ejection.
6. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 1 and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, described multi-compartment bed first the tile granulated active carbon of one deck 2-5cm and then tiling Cortex Cinnamomi and branches and leaves section.
7. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 5 and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, the methylene blue adsorption value of described gac is greater than 100mg/g.
8. the working method of raising Cortex Cinnamomi according to claim 5 and branches and leaves essential oil content, is characterized in that, described gac uses after 5-6 time, be collected together, by wet distillation, remove after the oil of bay of wherein absorption, remove the impurity of sneaking in gac, after oven dry, reuse.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111849608A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method and equipment for extracting cinnamon oil and hydrolat |
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