CN104192977A - Method for deeply removing thallium in water body through hydrodynamic cavitation assisted oxidation - Google Patents
Method for deeply removing thallium in water body through hydrodynamic cavitation assisted oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104192977A CN104192977A CN201410415952.XA CN201410415952A CN104192977A CN 104192977 A CN104192977 A CN 104192977A CN 201410415952 A CN201410415952 A CN 201410415952A CN 104192977 A CN104192977 A CN 104192977A
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- thallium
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for deeply removing thallium in a water body. The method can be used for deeply removing thallium in the water body and belongs to the technical field of environment friendliness. The method comprises the steps of adding an oxidant into the water body under the condition of sufficient stirring; then, carrying out cavitation treatment through a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor to sufficiently oxidize univalent thallium to generate trivalent thallium; carrying out solid-phase sedimentation on the generated trivalent thallium; next, carrying out solid-liquid separation; separating the solid-phase thallium from the water body; and deeply removing thallium from the water body. The method has the characteristics of high thallium removal speed, simple thallium removal process and large thallium removal depth so as to be very suitable for deeply removing thallium in the water body.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the degree of depth removal method of thallium in a kind of water body, can be used for removing containing the degree of depth of thallium in thallium water body, belong to environmental technology field.
[background technology]
Thallium is the high heavy metal element of a kind of toxic, mammiferous toxic action is far longer than to the conventional heavy metal of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead, antimony etc.Thallium can serious infringement people neural system, and accumulate in marrow, kidney and other organs, cause trichomadesis, gastrointestinal reaction and amyotrophy, people's central nervous system, heart and liver kidney are caused to permanent damage, also there is teratogenesis and mutagenicity simultaneously.Thallium also has the property of accumulating, in vivo distribute be exceedingly fast, eliminate very slow again, the thallium of minute quantity enter human body can disable, lethal, be therefore called as " poison in poison ".In view of the high hazardness of thallium, thallium and compound thereof have been put into monitoring index system and USEPA (U.S.EPA) the water body priority pollutants Black List of China's water environment quality standard.Therefore, set up a kind of effectively from water body the degree of depth except the method for thallium, be the important topic of environment protection.
The hazardness of polluting due to thallium in the world a lot of places all day by day serious, the investigators of various countries attempt to find out the method that thallium pollutes of administering, and in its research, mainly contain chemical precipitation method, ion exchange method, solution extraction and absorption method except thallium method.Chemical precipitation method is mainly by add oxygenant and Cl in waste water containing thallium
-, S
2-, yellow potassium ferrovanadium, Prussian blue etc., thereby thallium is removed from water body with sedimentary form, this method technique is simple, easy and simple to handle, but ubiquity is processed the inadequate shortcoming of the degree of depth, cannot meet the safety standards of emission request and the tap water of waste water containing thallium.Ion exchange method is utilize ion-exchanger as separation such as ion exchange resin, zeolite, molecular sieves and remove the method for pollutant in water.The motivating force of ion-exchanger is mainly electrostatic interaction, selectivity is not high, and in water body, conventionally contain a large amount of other conventional ions (as Ca (II), Na (I), Mg (II)), therefore exchanger is easy to lose efficacy, this defect causes ion exchange technique to be difficult to be able to propagation and employment in actual water pollution field of purification.Solution extraction refers to utilize thallium different solubility in immiscible organic solvent and the aqueous solution, with a kind of organic solvent thallium from it with extracting the aqueous solution.This method is only applicable to the removal of thallium in particular solution, can not be used for waste water containing thallium treating processes.Absorption method is to utilize a kind of water technology of thallium pollutent in porousness solid-phase material sorption Separation of Water, the most crucial part of this technology is sorbent material, the thallium sorbent material that removes extensively adopting at present mainly contains gac, nano-metal-oxide, biomaterial and matrix material etc., but this method often exists except problems such as the thallium degree of depth are inadequate, adsorptive capacity is too low, efficiency is low, cannot obtain preferably except thallium effect.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recommended active aluminum method and ion exchange method to administer the tap water that content is not very high (<10 micrograms per litre); but can only be reduced to below 2 micrograms per litre with the method thallium content after treatment; cannot reach domestic standard for drinking (the highest thallium content permissible value is 0.1 micrograms per litre); and the method cost is higher; in the treating processes of a large amount of waste water containing thalliums, be difficult to apply.In sum, at present domestic and international water body, thallium Pollution abatement research substantially all rests on theoretical and laboratory study stage, does not also develop up to now the improvement technology that can be directly used in actual thallium polluted-water.
[summary of the invention]
Object of the present invention is exactly to strengthen the oxidising process of thallium by Hydrodynamic cavitation, improves oxidation efficiency, effectively solves above-mentioned oxidation-precipitation method except the inadequate defect of the thallium degree of depth.Existing oxidation-precipitation method is that oxygenant (as hydrogen peroxide) is added containing in thallium water body, and the oxidized trivalent of monovalence thallium ion generates precipitation and departs from water body.Its chemical reaction is:
2Tl
++2H
2O
2＝H
2O+2H
++Tl
2O
3↓
Because this kinds of oxidation reaction mostly experiences free radical reaction approach, activation energy is higher.In the time that thallium ion concentration is very low, due to the restriction of free radical quantity and concentration, oxidizing reaction Speed Reduction, reaction is blocked, thereby is difficult to monovalence thallium ion very low concentration to be oxidized to trivalent thallium ion, thereby cannot arrive the effect of the degree of depth except thallium.
If now water body is carried out to cavitation process by cavitation reactor, the cavatition that Hydrodynamic cavitation produces can produce local High Temperature High Pressure, under this high temperature, hyperbaric environment, water is decomposed and produces H and OH free radical, the generation of these free radicals has increased number of free radical, reduce the activation energy of thallium oxidizing reaction, increase oxidizing reaction speed, even in the situation that monovalence thallium ion concentration is very low, still it can be oxidized to rapidly to trivalent thallium and generate precipitation, from water body, thoroughly removed, thereby reached the effect of the degree of depth except thallium.
Therefore present method can be divided into following steps:
1, under well-beaten condition, oxygenant is added in water body.
2, reaction mass is carried out to cavitation process by Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, allow monovalence thallium be fully oxidized, generate trivalent thallium and enter solid phase precipitation.
3, solid-liquid separation, separates the thallium in solid phase from water body, thallium is removed by the degree of depth from water body.
Present method has except thallium speed is fast, except thallium process is simple, except thallium degree of depth high, be well suited for the degree of depth containing thallium water body except thallium processing.
[embodiment]
Further illustrate the specific embodiment of the present invention and effect with following indefiniteness embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The pickling waste waters thallium-containing quantity of certain vitriol works is 45 micrograms per litre, and its treatment process is as follows:.
1,, under well-beaten condition, in waste water, add 27% hydrogen peroxide 20ml/L.
2, reaction mass is inputted to Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor repeatedly and carry out cavitation process, Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor adopts venturi arrangement, controlling inlet feed pressure is 0.95Mpa, top hole pressure is 0.10Mpa, the accumulated process time of slurry in cavitation reactor reaches half hour, makes in water body monovalence thallium oxidized and enter solid phase.
3, solid-liquid separation is completely removed thallium from water body.
According to the above-mentioned waste water except thallium step process, thallium-containing quantity, lower than 0.1 micrograms per litre, reaches surface water standard.
Embodiment 2
The waste water thallium-containing quantity of Mou Xin smeltery is 1056 micrograms per litre, and its treatment process is as follows:.
1,, under well-beaten condition, add 5% potassium permanganate 50ml/L at waste water.
2, reaction mass is inputted to Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor repeatedly and carry out cavitation process, Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor adopts liquid whistle device, controlling cavitation reactor inlet feed pressure is 1.00Mpa, top hole pressure is 0.15Mpa, the accumulated process time of reaction mass in cavitation reactor reaches 1 hour, makes in water body monovalence thallium oxidized and enter solid phase.
3, solid-liquid separation is completely removed thallium from water body.
According to the above-mentioned waste water except thallium step process, thallium-containing quantity, lower than 0.1 micrograms per litre, reaches surface water standard.
Embodiment 3
The desulfurization wastewater thallium-containing quantity of certain steelworks is 6700 micrograms per litre, and its treatment process is as follows:
1,, under well-beaten condition, in waste water, adding available chlorine content is 10% clorox 100ml/L.
2, reaction mass is inputted to Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor repeatedly and carry out cavitation process, Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor adopts porous plate device, porous plate aperture 2.5mm, thickness of slab 10mm, the ratio 0.125 that hole area is long-pending with cavitation reactor cross-section of pipeline, cavitation reactor inlet feed pressure is 1.1Mpa, and top hole pressure is 0.15Mpa, and controlling the accumulated process time of slurry in cavitation reactor, to reach 2 hours and make in water body monovalence thallium oxidized and enter solid phase.
3, solid-liquid separation is completely removed thallium from water body.
According to the above-mentioned waste water except thallium step process, thallium-containing quantity, lower than 0.1 micrograms per litre, reaches surface water standard.
Above-described embodiment has only expressed the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to this concrete technical process.Those skilled in the art, according to technical scheme of the present invention and design, can also make some distortion and improvement, and these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.So all other embodiments that draw according to the claims in the present invention scope, all should belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (3)
1. the Hydrodynamic cavitation assisted oxidation degree of depth is removed a method for thallium in water body, it is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1), under well-beaten condition, oxygenant is added in water body.
(2), reaction mass is carried out to cavitation process by Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, allow monovalence thallium be fully oxidized, generate trivalent thallium and enter solid phase precipitation.
(3), solid-liquid separation, the thallium in solid phase is separated from water body, thallium is removed by the degree of depth from water body.
2. treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor is the one in orifice plate, Venturi tube, the liquid whistle.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described oxygenant is the mixture of one or more compositions in potassium ferrate, potassium perchlorate, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, Sodium Persulfate, clorox etc.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111719046A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-09-29 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for separating thallium from water body and recovering extractant |
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| CN102010052A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-04-13 | 济南大学 | Method for treating organic sewage by synergy of cavitation effect and sulfuric acid free radicals |
| CN102320700A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-01-18 | 东莞市东江水务有限公司 | Method for removing thallium pollution in source water of drinking water |
| US20140124447A1 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Thatcher Company | Formulations and methods for removing heavy metals from waste solutions containing chelating agents |
| CN103991986A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Method for removing thallium in copper effluent |
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2014
- 2014-08-21 CN CN201410415952.XA patent/CN104192977A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101152651A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-02 | 北京北方微电子基地设备工艺研究中心有限责任公司 | Method for cleaning surface of ceramic parts |
| CN102010052A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-04-13 | 济南大学 | Method for treating organic sewage by synergy of cavitation effect and sulfuric acid free radicals |
| CN102320700A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-01-18 | 东莞市东江水务有限公司 | Method for removing thallium pollution in source water of drinking water |
| US20140124447A1 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Thatcher Company | Formulations and methods for removing heavy metals from waste solutions containing chelating agents |
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| CN111719046A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-09-29 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for separating thallium from water body and recovering extractant |
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Application publication date: 20141210 |