Background technology
At present, the pollution that industrialization brings has greatly worsened the mankind's living environment.All kinds of waterhead areas, comprise that coastal waters water is all subject to pollution to a certain extent.People are in sea water desaltination project, tap water pre-treatment, and municipal wastewater is carried in process section such as mark discharge grade has all needed to add air-float technology section to carry out the suspended substance in pretreating sewage, colloid, the impurity such as lipid.
This class waste water all have a common feature be every day little have several ten thousand tons of water yields, large have up to a million tons of water yields.If the so large water yield is according to conventional pressure air-dissolving air-float hydraulic load 3~7m
3/ m
2it is bigger than normal that/h calculates floor space, seriously increased project total cost, and all very difficult when a lot of environment-protective process teacher designs and owner's type selecting air-float technology, this also has a strong impact on air supporting applying in these industries.
Conventional air supporting principle of work is to cause suspended substance proportion to be less than water after utilizing the sticky floating suspended substance of bubble, according to law of buoyancy flocs unit proportion, is less than after 1 and can produces the impact that the buoyancy making progress is progressively broken away from gravity, naturally floats up to the water surface and completes solid-liquid separation.Because rely on the method for pure buoyancy separation, air supporting work capacity can only be can only be at 3~7m
3/ m
2between/h (hydraulic load).Pneumatically supported working efficiency cannot obtain substantive lifting.
Also there is " bubble layer " in conventional air supporting, conventional air flotation pool body water body upper surface exists a leg-of-mutton bubble layer region as shown in Figure 1.This innermost, region has 300~600 millimeters, and the most shallow place only has 50~200 millimeters.In bubble filtrating area, in most of space, do not contain bubble layer.Air supporting floating relies on bubble in the bubble layer existing in delta-shaped region completely.This floating-upward process ultimate principle is the sticky floating micro-bubble of flocs unit outside surface, makes the proportion of flocs unit be less than water, and flocs unit freely floats up to liquid level and completes solid-liquid separation process under the effect of buoyancy.Rely on the air supporting hydraulic load of this principle of work can only be operated in 3~7m
3/ m
2between/h.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and can greatly improve the bubble layer degree of depth, increases hydraulic load, reduces the bubble layer Sewage treatment systems of bubble diameter.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of using bubble layer Sewage treatment systems to carry out the processing of sewage bubble layer.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, described bubble layer Sewage treatment systems, comprise bubble filtration chamber, quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus and molten gas releasing tube, the dissolved air water water outlet mouthpiece of microbubble air-dissolving apparatus and the dissolved air water of bubble filtration chamber water inlet interface join by molten gas releasing tube fast; On the base plate top of bubble filtration chamber, be fixed with the first dividing plate that has cavity, the first dividing plate is all connected with front panel, the squab panel of bubble filtration chamber, on the left side wall of bubble filtration chamber, be provided with dissolved air water water inlet interface, on the first dividing plate above the base plate of bubble filtration chamber, be fixed with even water collecting plate, evenly on water collecting plate, evenly offering receipts water hole; And in direction from left to right, the total area in the receipts water hole of opening on the even water collecting plate of unit surface is and dwindles gradually setting, right part at even water collecting plate is fixed with second partition, on second partition right side, be provided with clear water water outlet mouthpiece, second partition is all connected with front panel, the squab panel of bubble filtration chamber, between second partition and the first dividing plate, form bubble filtrating area, this bubble filtrating area is cuboid cavity, and the long edge lengths of bubble filtrating area and the ratio of width edge length are 1~1.3:1.
The length of described bubble filtrating area is 1~10m, and the width of bubble filtrating area is 1~10m, and the degree of depth of the bubble filtration chamber of position, bubble filtrating area is 2~3m.
The internal diameter of described molten gas releasing tube is 5~15mm, and its length is 1.5~3.0m.
The hole shape in described receipts water hole is circular port, slotted eye or polygonal hole.
The hole shape in described receipts water hole is circular port, and adjacent two distances of receiving between the center of circle, water hole equate; In direction from left to right, the aperture of receiving water hole is and dwindles gradually setting.
In direction from left to right, described even water collecting plate is formed by two or more than two water collecting plate unit spliced.
Described clear water water outlet mouthpiece accesses the water inlet interface of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus by reuse water pipeline.
The method of using above-mentioned bubble layer Sewage treatment systems to carry out the processing of sewage bubble layer comprises the following steps:
A, bubble filtration chamber is filled with to clear water;
B, the intake interface by air compressor by intake ducting and quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus join, the dissolved air water water inlet interface of the dissolved air water water outlet mouthpiece of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus and bubble filtration chamber is joined by molten gas releasing tube, water inlet pipe and the water inlet interface of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus are joined, the operating pressure of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus is controlled to 0.6~0.8Mpa;
C, startup air compressor, between the left side wall of the first dividing plate and bubble filtration chamber, occur that diameter is that 5~10um bubble and this bubble spread to bubble filtrating area, when the bubble layer thickness of bubble filtrating area is maximum, pending sewage injects from top, bubble filtration chamber;
D, the suspended substance in sewage are tackled and adsorb by the intensive bubble in bubble filtrating area, bubble has cut off the passage that suspended substance declines, and is adsorbed on suspended substance, until suspended substance floats up to the water surface simultaneously, the scum silica frost that is positioned at the water surface is struck off, and sewage bubble layer treatment process finishes.
The present invention can have living space so that bubble layer is distributed in inner institute between bubble filtrating area, the bubble layer degree of depth in bubble filtrating area reaches 1500~2000mm, bubble diameter only has 1/5th to 1/10th of routine, because the specific surface area of micro-bubble is far longer than the bubble that conventional air supporting produces, the ability of the larger adhesion suspended substance of specific surface area is stronger, the angle of sticky floating suspended substance is larger, sticky floating more firm, between current when fluctuation more difficult and suspended substance, come off, greatly improve the stability of air supporting work.Because dense micro-bubble group can tackle and adsorb the suspended substance in sewage, thereby greatly improved pneumatically supported hydraulic load, under the prerequisite of same treatment amount, the inner hydraulic detention time in bubble filtrating area dwindles three times nearly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
In the present invention, microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 can adopt the scheme shown in Chinese patent 201310216966.4 fast.
This bubble layer Sewage treatment systems, comprise bubble filtration chamber 10, quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 and molten gas releasing tube 30, the dissolved air water water outlet mouthpiece of microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 and the dissolved air water of bubble filtration chamber 10 water inlet interface join by molten gas releasing tube 30 fast; On the base plate top of bubble filtration chamber 10, be fixed with the first dividing plate 1 that has cavity, the first dividing plate 1 is all connected with front panel, the squab panel of bubble filtration chamber 10, on the left side wall of bubble filtration chamber 10, be provided with dissolved air water water inlet interface, on the first dividing plate 1 above the base plate of bubble filtration chamber 10, be fixed with even water collecting plate 2, evenly on water collecting plate 2, evenly offering receipts water hole 2.1; And in direction from left to right, the total area in the receipts water hole 2.1 of opening on the even water collecting plate 2 of unit surface is and dwindles gradually setting, right part at even water collecting plate 2 is fixed with second partition 3, on second partition 3 right sides, be provided with clear water water outlet mouthpiece, second partition 3 is all connected with front panel, the squab panel of bubble filtration chamber 10, between second partition 3 and the first dividing plate 1, form bubble filtrating area, this bubble filtrating area is cuboid cavity, and the long edge lengths of bubble filtrating area and the ratio of width edge length are 1~1.3:1.
The length of described bubble filtrating area is 1~10m, and the width of bubble filtrating area is 1~10m, and the degree of depth of the bubble filtration chamber 10 of position, bubble filtrating area is 2~3m.
The internal diameter of described molten gas releasing tube 30 is 5~15mm, and its length is 1.5~3.0mm.
The hole shape in described receipts water hole 2.1 is circular port, slotted eye or polygonal hole.
The hole shape in described receipts water hole 2.1 is circular port, and adjacent two distances of receiving between 2.1 centers of circle, water hole equate; In direction from left to right, the aperture of receiving water hole 2.1 is and dwindles gradually setting.
In direction from left to right, described even water collecting plate 2 is formed by two or more than two water collecting plate unit spliced.
Described clear water water outlet mouthpiece accesses the water inlet interface of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 by reuse water pipeline.
The method of using above-mentioned bubble layer Sewage treatment systems to carry out the processing of sewage bubble layer comprises the following steps:
A, bubble filtration chamber 10 is filled with to clear water;
B, the intake interface by air compressor by intake ducting and quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 join, the dissolved air water water inlet interface of the dissolved air water water outlet mouthpiece of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 and bubble filtration chamber 10 is joined by molten gas releasing tube 30, water inlet pipe and the water inlet interface of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 are joined, the operating pressure of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 is controlled to 0.6~0.8Mpa;
C, startup air compressor, between the first dividing plate 1 and the left side wall of bubble filtration chamber 10, occur that diameter is that 5~10um bubble and this bubble spread to bubble filtrating area, when the bubble layer thickness of bubble filtrating area is maximum, pending sewage injects 10 tops from bubble filtration chamber;
D, the suspended substance in sewage are tackled by the intensive bubble in bubble filtrating area, and bubble is constantly adsorbed on suspended substance until suspended substance floats up to the water surface, and the rubbish that is positioned at the water surface is struck off, and sewage bubble layer treatment process finishes.
The work principle of filter of the similar sand-bed filter of this treating processes.But the grains of sand of tackling 0.8~1.2 millimeter of media particle size in sand-bed filter are replaced by the micro-bubble group of bubble diameter 5~20um size.Bubble diameter is far smaller than sand, thus to the intersection accuracy of suspended substance the intersection accuracy considerably beyond sand-bed filter.Daf efficiency is far away higher than conventional air supporting.Air supporting can be operated in 20~35m
3/ m
2between/h (hydraulic load).Far away higher than conventional air supporting 3~7m3/m
2/ h (hydraulic load).
When the present invention works, the air outlet of air compressor and the inlet mouth of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 are joined by pipeline; The present invention can connect the clear water water outlet mouthpiece of bubble filtration chamber 10, and directly tap water water inlet pipe and the water inlet interface of quick microbubble air-dissolving apparatus 20 is joined.
The long-width ratio of the flotation separation zone of conventional gas-floating chamber is 1:3~4, partially long on the length direction of flotation separation zone, and in dissolved air water, bubble layer arranges to be trilateral as shown in Figure 1 in the longitudinal direction.The bubble layer degree of depth is also very shallow, and innermost only has 400~600 millimeters.When the present invention is controlled at 1~1.3:1 by the long-width ratio of bubble filtrating area, bubble layer is distributed between bubble filtrating area in inner institute has living space, and the bubble degree of depth can reach 1500 millimeters even 2000 millimeters.
The dominant mechanism that in the bubble degree of depth and unit volume, the concentration of bubble forms is as follows:
In the pond type of conventional flotation separation zone, long-width ratio approaches 1:3, and long on length direction, when the current of bubbles are gone to termination, speed reduces greatly, and close to 0, when bubble is gone to termination along current, bubble merges too fast.In termination, disengaging zone, the bubble degree of depth probably only has between 50~150 millimeters.Innermost is about 400~500 millimeters.Every square of maximum of conventional air supporting can only be processed 10 tons of sewage, dissolved air water amount for according to treatment capacity 30% time while supplying with, bubble distribution presents trilateral (as figure).Between bubble diameter 50~100um that in conventional air supporting, microbubble generator produces.The bubble of this diameter residence time in 400~500 millimeters of the depth of waters only has 1.5~2.5 minutes.So air supporting in theory only the interval between 1.5~2.5 minutes residence time can take lower these bubbles in.This degree of depth is just in time within the scope of air supporting 400~500 mm depths.
And in the high definition air supporting and ultra high-definition air supporting that consist of " bubble layer " technology, in disengaging zone, long-width ratio approaches 1:1, pond type approaches square substantially.When the current of bubbles are gone to termination, also have larger flow velocity to clash into second partition 3 resiliences, in the time of after the distance that bubble is gone to termination along current shortens, bubble aggregate speed slows down.High definition air supporting and every square of maximum of ultra high-definition air supporting can only be processed 20~30 tons of sewage, dissolved air water amount for according to treatment capacity 30% time while supplying with, on unit plane, the feed rate of dissolved air water amount be pneumatically supported 2~3 times of routine.Bubble distribution presents the degree of depth and reaches 1500~2000 millimeters (as figure).Between bubble diameter 5~10um that the microbubble generator utilizing in bubble layer produces.The bubble residence time of this diameter reaches 10~15 minutes, and in 1500~2000 millimeters of the depth of waters, the residence time is just in time 10~15 minutes.So air supporting in theory only the interval between 10~15 minutes residence time can take lower these bubbles in.This degree of depth is just in time within the scope of air supporting 1500~2000 mm depths.
Bubble diameter depends on that the efficiency of the molten gas releasing device in microbubble generator and hydromechanics calculate.The major function of molten gas releasing device by the high pressure dissolved air water that contains dissolved air within the scope of 0.1 second by pressure by 0.6~0.8mpa pressure decreased to 0, the bubble diameter simultaneously control discharging is between 5~10um.The main releasing mechanism of molten gas releasing device is to utilize small cavity and the small powerful energy dissipating effect in gap that high pressure dissolved air water is almost reduced to 0 in moment.In this process, by rationally controlling size and the length in small cavity, create the bubble diameter of diameter between 5~10um by the big or small residence time of reasonable control minim gap.
The ultimate principle that bubble layer can improve hydraulic load is greatly as follows:
Conventional air supporting hydraulic load is controlled at 3-10m
3/ m
2/ h, the mechanism that this hydraulic load is mainly realized is according in stoke husband formula
different specific weight, after the suspended substance of different-grain diameter is stained with bubble, proportion diminishes, and produces buoyancy upwards in water body, relies on the negative power of bringing under buoyancy overcoming gravity and disengaging zone current direction, and the floating upper liquid level of fine suspension is completed to solid-liquid separation.This process mechanism is that the physics floating of individual particle is theoretical.So flco is big or small, the size of proportion difference, also has whether bubble filtrating area current are the size that the factors such as bedding have determined hydraulic load in bubble filtrating area.General maximum only has 10m
3/ m
2/ h.
" bubble layer " technology has departed from the basic floating principle that conventional air supporting is observed.Not to rely on the floating of individual particle to complete solid-liquid separation.Bubble layer utilizes the thick bubble layer that reaches 1500~2000 millimeters to form the intercepting system that similar " sponge " is the same, this intercepting system relies on the bubble of diameter 5~10um to form, between bubble and bubble, be almost close to, when the sewage of a large amount of suspended substances of mixing passes through this bubble layer, sewage can pass through this bubble layer, thereby suspended substance is tackled the process that completes therein solid-liquid separation by bubble layer.This intercept process is similar to the principle of work of sand-bed filter, and bubble is exactly the quartz sand that filters use.Hydraulic load in this process in separation can reach 20~30m
3/ m
2/ h.This system works efficiency is very high.2~3 times of conventional air-flotation system.And from the basic theories of bubble layer, only at hydraulic load, reach 20~30m
3/ m
2during/h, dissolved air water thickness just can reach between 1500~2000 millimeters.