Background technology
The prefabricated components of building field manufacture have many structures that have hole.While making prefabricated components, for the formation in hole, be generally to adopt metal material to do casement, when concrete setting is during to some strength, need artificial rotation or twitch casement, making casement and concrete form renunciation, being convenient to the smooth demoulding, when concrete strength reaches higher by the time, then casement is extracted out.The deficiency of this pore-forming mode is: make in prefabricated component process and need manually rotate one by one or twitch mould, take a large amount of human resources, labor strength is large, and production efficiency is low; Coagulation grade for preformed material need to have accurate grasp, and it is unpunctual slightly to grasp, and easily solidification material is produced to damage, makes the quality in hole be difficult to ensure card, as manual operation not in time, also there will be the situation that mould cannot the demoulding.For this reason, those skilled in the art provide a plurality of schemes in order to address the above problem.But, although these published methods have some advantage, complex structure, complicated operation, still can not address the above problem, and fails to be so far applied in suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of building element self-pressurization expansion type and become punch die, the deficiency existing in order to solve prior art.
The present invention for achieving the above object, be achieved through the following technical solutions: comprise hard shell, hard shell inside is cavity, soft cover is installed in hard shell sidewall border, soft cover two ends are connected with hard shell with the second clip by the first clip respectively, between soft cover inwall and hard shell outer wall, form expansion chamber, hard shell sidewall arranges through hole, cavity is communicated with expansion chamber by through hole, piston is installed in cavity, piston one side is connected with inner sleeve, inner sleeve outer setting outer tube, outer tube is connected with hard shell, mounting spring between piston and hard shell, piston opposite side is connected with one end of push rod, the push rod other end passes from hard shell top, the mating surface border of hard shell top and push rod arranges sealing ring, cavity madial wall mounting limit snap ring, push rod is positioned in the part of hard shell outside offers annular positioning groove, on the push rod outer wall of annular positioning groove downside, scale is set, on the hard shell end face of push rod one side, guiding ring set is set, in guiding ring set, alignment pin is installed, when push rod moves axially to extreme lower position along hard shell, alignment pin can insert in locating slot, high and low position to push rod locks, hard shell top arranges water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, on water inlet pipe, be installed into water valve, outlet valve is installed on outlet pipe.Soft cover inwall arranges a plurality of longitudinal fins vertically, and each longitudinal fin is uniformly distributed along soft cover border.Described soft cover is made by elastomeric material, and soft cover is embedded with fleece.Between border, outer tube top and piston, elastic sealing film is installed.
The invention has the advantages that: can automatic demoulding, make in prefabricated component process and do not need manually to rotate one by one or twitch mould, be conducive to reduce number of workers, reduce labour intensity, and enhance productivity, the demoulding can be carried out after concrete solidifies completely, can not produce damage to concrete material, make the quality in hole uniform, and can thoroughly avoid cannot the demoulding situation, mould can Self-pressurizing agri, keeps dilation to there will not be depression, supplementary pressure voluntarily during mould generation seepage, guarantees hole quality etc.
The specific embodiment
Building element self-pressurization expansion type of the present invention becomes punch die to comprise hard shell 1, hard shell 1 inside is cavity 11, soft cover 2 is installed in hard shell 1 sidewall border, soft cover 2 two ends are connected with hard shell 1 with the second clip 9 by the first clip 4 respectively, between soft cover 2 inwalls and hard shell 1 outer wall, form expansion chamber 10, hard shell 1 sidewall arranges through hole 3, cavity 11 is communicated with expansion chamber 10 by through hole 3, the interior installation piston 13 of cavity 11, piston 13 1 sides are connected with inner sleeve 14, inner sleeve 14 outer setting outer tubes 15, outer tube 15 is connected with hard shell 1, mounting spring 17 between piston 13 and hard shell 1, piston 13 opposite sides are connected with one end of push rod 12, push rod 12 other ends pass from hard shell 1 top, the mating surface border of hard shell 1 top and push rod 12 arranges sealing ring 19, cavity 11 madial wall mounting limit snap rings 18, push rod 12 is positioned in the part of hard shell 1 outside offers annular positioning groove 20, on push rod 12 outer walls of annular positioning groove 20 downsides, scale 27 is set, guiding ring set 21 is set on hard shell 1 end face of push rod 12 1 sides, the interior installation alignment pin 22 of guiding ring set 21, when push rod 12 moves axially to extreme lower position along hard shell 1, alignment pin 22 can insert in locating slot 20, high and low position to push rod 12 locks, hard shell 1 top arranges water inlet pipe 5 and outlet pipe 6, on water inlet pipe 5, be installed into water valve 24, outlet valve 23 is installed on outlet pipe 6.Before use, push rod 12 is pressed into hard shell 1 inside, until piston 13 arrives lower limit position, spring 17 is significantly compressed, now alignment pin 22 is inserted in locating slot 20, position to push rod 12 locks, then open water intaking valve 24 and outlet valve 23, by water inlet pipe 5 to cavity 11 and the interior water-filling of expansion chamber 10, by outlet pipe 6, discharge air simultaneously, in cavity 11 and expansion chamber 10, be full of after water, close outlet valve 23, make soft cover 2 under Water Pressure, produce expansion, after mould inside hydraulic pressure and source water pressure balanced, close water intaking valve 24, now soft cover 2 keeps swelling state under the effect of mould inside hydraulic pressure, now alignment pin 22 is extracted in locating slot 20, the locking of releasing to push rod 12, the piston 13 mobile trend that keeps up under the elastic force effect of spring 17, increase mould inside hydraulic pressure, guarantee that soft cover 2 keeps full state, under this state, mould self has slight seepage in time, cause a small amount of water in mould to ooze out, piston 13 also can be by this part pressure of its stroke compensation disappearance, the full state of soft cover 2 is unaffected.First workmen can judge mould inside pressure condition by the scale 27 of observing on push rod 12 outer walls, the scale on push rod 12 outer walls 27 shows when push rod 12 has ejected to extreme position, can judge that mould inside pressure is lower than setting value, now this mould can be rejected from alternate mold, select the mould that other push rod 12 does not eject completely to use, the mould of rejecting re-starts water-filling operation or checks, repairs seepage.During use, the present invention is inserted in the concrete of cast, concrete is carried out to maintenance, after concrete curing completes, open outlet valve 23, discharge a part of water in mould, piston 13 moves to upper limit position under the elastic force effect of spring 17, limited snap ring 18 stops, now mould inside hydraulic pressure is consistent with external atmosphere pressure, then close outlet valve 23, push rod 12 is pressed into hard shell 1 inside, until piston 13 arrives lower limit position, alignment pin 22 is inserted in locating slot 20, position to push rod 12 locks, now mould inside forms negative pressure, force soft cover 2 separated with concrete voluntarily, and be close to hard shell 1 outer wall, realize automatic demoulding.The present invention makes and in prefabricated component process, does not need manually to rotate one by one or twitch mould, be conducive to reduce number of workers, reduce labour intensity, and enhance productivity, the demoulding can be carried out after concrete solidifies completely, can not produce damage to concrete material, make the quality in hole uniform, and can thoroughly avoid cannot the demoulding situation, mould can Self-pressurizing agri, keep dilation to there will not be depression, supplementary pressure voluntarily during mould generation seepage, guarantees hole quality.
The present invention is out of shape after soft cover 2 water-fillings for preventing, makes its middle part outwardly, causes concrete component pass to occur deviation, can a plurality of longitudinal fins 7 be set vertically at soft cover 2 inwalls, and each longitudinal fin 7 is uniformly distributed along soft cover 2 borders.Fin 7 can play restriction to the deformation of soft cover 2, guarantees concrete component pass standard.
Soft cover 2 of the present invention can be made by relatively low soft materials of multiple ductility such as plastics, wherein preferably by elastomeric material, is made, and soft cover 2 is embedded with fleece 26.Compare with other soft material, elastomeric material is longer service life, and repeatedly not easy to crack after dilation, fleece 26 can be eliminated the ductility of elastomeric material, guarantees the rear shape criteria of soft cover 2 expansion.
The present invention prevents from being filled water between the not good hard shell 1 that causes piston 13 and installation outer tube 15 one end of piston 13 sealing, makes piston 13 be difficult to move to outer tube 15 one end, can between outer tube 15 borders, top and piston 13, elastic sealing film 16 be installed.Elastic sealing film 16 can form sealing between outer tube 15 and piston 13, anti-sealing enters outer tube 15 inside, even if there is the situation that sealing is not good in piston 13, when piston 13 moves, a small amount of water that accumulate in outer tube 15 outsides can be pushed back piston 13 opposite sides again, can piston 13 not moved and be affected greatly.