CN104191074A - Heterogeneous austenite system steel welding method - Google Patents

Heterogeneous austenite system steel welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104191074A
CN104191074A CN201410460736.7A CN201410460736A CN104191074A CN 104191074 A CN104191074 A CN 104191074A CN 201410460736 A CN201410460736 A CN 201410460736A CN 104191074 A CN104191074 A CN 104191074A
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
tubing
standby
standby tubing
heterogeneous
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Pending
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CN201410460736.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王沛
王飞虎
刘杰
陈世炯
戚晓东
郝哲然
岳潇
刘君然
陈蕾
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LANZHOU XIGU CO-GENERATION POWER Co Ltd
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LANZHOU XIGU CO-GENERATION POWER Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410460736.7A priority Critical patent/CN104191074A/en
Publication of CN104191074A publication Critical patent/CN104191074A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235Preliminary treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06Tubes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a heterogeneous austenite system steel welding method. The heterogeneous austenite system steel welding method is characterized by comprising the steps that high chromated nickel austenite stainless steel welding sticks or nickel base welding sticks serve as welding materials; secondly, a transitional layer is welded to base metal sides of standby tube products in an overlaying mode through the welding materials in the first step, wherein the transitional layer at least comprises two layers; thirdly, the welding center of one standby tube product and the welding center of the other standby tube product are found, and the standby tube products are welded together through the welding materials in the first step. The selected welding materials conform to the base material requirement of the standby tube products, and the coefficient of linear expansion of a welding line material ranges from the coefficient of linear expansion of the standby tube product to the coefficient of linear expansion of the other standby tube product, and therefore the requirements for heat cracking resisting performance of welding line metal and the high-temperature performance of welding joints can be met.

Description

A kind of heterogeneous austenite steel welding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel welding technology field, relate in particular to a kind of heterogeneous austenite steel welding method.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel, refers to the stainless steel at normal temperatures with austenite structure.In steel, during containing Cr approximately 18%, Ni 8%~10%, C approximately 0.1%, there is stable austenite structure.The high Cr-Ni Series Steel that austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel comprises 18Cr-8Ni steel and increases on this basis Cr, Ni content and add the elements such as Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti to grow up.Austenitic stainless steel is nonmagnetic and have high tenacity and plasticity, but intensity is lower, can not make it strengthening by phase transformation, only can strengthen by cold working, as add the elements such as S, Ca, Se, Te, has good free-cutting machinability.
In the boiler that power plant is used, conventionally can select to elect the material of standby tubing as 1Cr18Ni9Ti, other pipe fitting materials are generally elected as: standby tubing material elects that P22, main steam pipe material elect A335P91 as, main feed water pipe material is elected WB36 etc. as.Standby tubing seat welding point belongs to Dissimilar Steel Welded Joint.Due to chemical composition and the very large difference of metallographic structure existence of bi-material, and Physical Properties Difference is larger, is easy to occur large-area welding defect, often occurs cracking phenomena in running, forms very large potential safety hazard.
For example:
In many documents and materials are introduced, the welding of P22+1Cr18Ni9Ti can adopt TIG-R40, also can adopt TGS-347 welding wire.But these two kinds of techniques are in use than undesirable, and the two all occurs cracking phenomena.We adopt Inconel 182 welding wires while processing Similar Problems at the scene, effect is relatively good, also have the successful use experience of 5,6 years, applicable to production scene.
1Cr18Ni9Ti belongs to Austenitic stainless corrosion-resistant steel, and it has higher anti intercrystalline corrosion performance.At variable concentrations, in some organic acids and inorganic acid of different temperatures, especially have a good decay resistance in Oxidant.This steel, after Overheating Treatment (1050~1100 ℃ are quenched in water or in air), is single-phase austenite structure, does not produce magnetic induction in high-intensity magnetic field, and this steel has good corrosion resistance and weldability.Thermal conductivity is little, thermal conductivity λ=24.7/w (mk) in the time of 600 ℃, and linear expansion coefficient is very large, and in the time of 600 ℃, its linear expansion coefficient is 18.2 * 10 -6/ ℃ -1, be easy to produce larger welding deformation, easily cause larger welding stress.Because thermal conductivity factor is little, the weld penetration obtaining under same welding current is larger than heat resisting steel.Overheated in order to prevent weld seam, welding current is answered little 10%~20% left and right of alloy heat resisting steel, and adopts minor diameter welding wire.
The problem existing during P22+1Cr18Ni9Ti welding:
P22 belongs to Cr-Mo low-alloy steel, 1Cr18Ni9Ti belongs to austenitic stainless steel, Cr-Mo low-alloy steel and the welding of austenite dissimilar steel, because the metal of two kinds of heterogeneities, different crystal structure mixes mutually, near its melt run, there is the inhomogeneities of chemical composition, metallographic structure, mechanical performance and physical property.Due to the existence of these inhomogeneities, cause very large hidden danger to the safety in utilization of joint.When pearlite and austenitic steel welding, there is following subject matter:
1) difference of physical property: (20 ℃~600 ℃: the linear expansion coefficient of austenitic steel is 18.5 * 10-6/ ℃ of the thermal coefficient of expansions of Cr-Mo low-alloy steel and austenitic steel, the linear expansion coefficient of Cr-Mo low-alloy steel is 12.5 * 10-6/ ℃), differ 50% left and right, when bearing Thermal Cyclic Effects, parts will produce at fusion face place higher thermal stress, this high temperature stress is also to cause interface formation weld crack, the main cause damaging.
2) transition of alloying element:
(1) in welding process, by mechanical mixture and liquid diffusion, be that alloying element dissolves.
(2) when pearlitic steel and austenitic steel weld, forming transition zone will cause: by forming de-C layer on the pearlite mother metal of golden melt run, soften, the black that forms high rigidity in a side of austenitic steel weld seam oozes C layer, cause the decline of this district's creep resisting ability, creep rupture strength and plasticity etc., cause the initial failure of joint.
3) interfacial stress of welding point: each region of welding point, because chemical composition is different with metallographic structure, plasticity and hardness toughness are also different, make residual stress distribution inhomogeneous, easily produce fatigue crack under thermal cycle effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, it is a kind of can welding effect good to the invention provides, and there is no the heterogeneous austenite steel welding method of weld crack.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A heterogeneous austenite steel welding method, comprises the following steps: one, select high chromiumnickel austenite stainless steel welding wire or nickel-based welding wire as welding material; Two, the welding material built-up welding transition zone in the mother metal side use step 1 of standby tubing, and excessively layer at least comprises two-layer; Three, find the welding center of standby tubing and standby tubing, the welding material by electric welding in step 1, standby tubing and standby tubing weld together.
Preferably, also comprise the cleaning to standby tubing before step 2, wherein, after cleaning, standby tubing can expose metallic luster.
Preferably, before step 2, also comprise standby tubing procedure of processing; The mechanical processing steps of standby tubing is comprised the opening of standby tubing is processed into and has a unlimited opening, and unlimited opening comprises an inclined-plane tilting with standby tubing axis.
Preferably, above-mentioned opening also comprises an inwall parallel with standby tubing axis, and the gap between inwall and standby tubing is 1mm; The angle of inclined-plane and standby tubing axis is 35 ℃.
Preferably, above-mentioned welding material is Inconel 82 welding wires, and described Inconel 82 welding wires comprise that mass component is 67% Ni, 0.1% C, 3.0% Mn, 2.5% Nb, 0.5% Si, 0.25% Cu, 20% Cr, 0.75% Ti, 0.02% S and P.
Preferably, the welding manner of step 3 kind is GTAW; And weldingvoltage scope is 20~25V, welding current is straight polarity direct current, and size of current is 80~90A, and speed of welding is 60~80mm/min.
Preferably, in the welding manner of step 3, ground floor speed of welding is 60mm/min, and second layer speed of welding is 80mm/min.
Preferably, the thickness of above-mentioned at least two excessive layers is all 2~3mm.
Adopt above-mentioned preferred technical scheme, the welding material of selection meets the mother metal demand of standby tubing, and the linear expansion coefficient of weld material is between standby tubing and standby tubing linear expansion coefficient; So can meet the high-temperature behavior of heat crack resistance and the welding point of weld metal; And adopt welding material excessive layer of built-up welding one on the mother metal of standby tubing, can prevent the migration of carbon in welding process; The welding material of above-mentioned employing, properties can meet the requirement of associated welds standard, can guarantee the safe operation of equipment.
After adopting above-mentioned preferred technical scheme, can there is following beneficial effect: the welding point cracking resistance 1, forming is good.2, technology stability, good reliability.3, Weld Performance meets elevated temperature strength and hot operation operating mode needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The flow chart of a kind of heterogeneous austenite steel welding method that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of standby tubing that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the partial structurtes schematic diagram of standby tubing;
Partial schematic diagram after a kind of standby tubing that Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention provides and the welding of standby tubing.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that, these specific descriptions just allow those of ordinary skills are more prone to, the clear the present invention of understanding, but not limitation of the invention interpretation.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of heterogeneous austenite steel welding method, is specially: the welding method of temperature pipe and steam pipe, and step comprises:
S1, selects welding material:
Select high chromiumnickel austenite stainless steel welding wire or nickel-based welding wire as welding material.Now select Inconel 82 welding wires, the chemical composition of welding wire is in Table 1.
The chemical composition of table 1 welding wire:
Welding wire Ni C Mn Nb Si Cu Cr Ti S、P
Inconel?82 67 0.10 3.0 2.5 0.5 0.25 20 0.75 0.02
Welding material is Inconel 82 welding wires, and described Inconel 82 welding wires comprise that mass component is 67% Ni, 0.1% C, 3.0% Mn, 2.5% Nb, 0.5% Si, 0.25% Cu, 20% Cr, 0.75% Ti, 0.02% S and P.
Before welding, temperature pipe and steam pipe are cleaned: weldment group to front should by groove face and near the cleanings such as oil, paint, rust, dirt of the 20 millimeters of inside and outside walls in mother metal both sides dirty clean, until send metallic luster.After cleaning, temperature pipe and steam pipe can expose metallic luster.
As shown in Figure 2, before welding, the mechanical processing steps of steam pipe 1 is comprised: the opening of temperature pipe and steam pipe 1 is processed into and has a unlimited opening, and unlimited opening comprises an inclined-plane 4 tilting with temperature pipe 2 axis.Opening also comprises an inwall 5 parallel with standby tubing 2 axis, and the gap between inwall 5 and temperature pipe 2 is 1mm; Inclined-plane 4 is 35 ℃ with the angle of standby tubing axis.Wherein, standby tube wall thickness is H1, and the height of inwall 5 on temperature pipe 2 axis directions is H0, and H0 is 10mm.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the height that forms leg 3 in steam pipe 1 outside is H2, and H2<H1.
S2, the excessive layer of built-up welding:
At the welding material built-up welding transition zone in step 1 for mother metal side of main steam pipe, and excessively layer comprises two-layer.
S3, formally welding:
Find the welding center of steam pipe and temperature pipe, the welding material by electric welding in step 1, welds together temperature pipe and steam pipe.
The difference of the physical property of various materials: the thermal coefficient of expansion of martensite steel and austenitic steel is different, 20 ℃~600 ℃: the linear expansion coefficient of austenitic steel is 18.5 * 10-6m/ ℃, the linear expansion coefficient of martensite steel is 12.6 * 10-6/ ℃; And Inconel 82 welding wires 20 ℃ of 16 * 10-6m/ ℃ of linear expansion coefficient.So, can meet the high-temperature behavior of heat crack resistance and the welding point of weld metal.
In step S3, welding manner is GTAW; And weldingvoltage scope is 20~25V, welding current is straight polarity direct current, and size of current is 80A, and speed of welding is 60mm/min; In the welding manner of step 3, ground floor speed of welding is 60mm/min, and second layer speed of welding is 80mm/min; The thickness of above-mentioned two excessive layers is all 2mm.More concrete is as shown in table 2:
Table 2. level is welding condition fixedly
Simultaneously, in step S3, the excursion of the penetration ratio of argon tungsten-arc welding is very large, it can be between 10-100%, when not using packing material, penetration ratio can reach 100%, during formal welding, will adopt less welding conditions, strictly controls sweating heat input quantity, reduce fusion ratio, welding is the fusion situation that will pay special attention to the standby tubing side of P22 mother metal.Temperature >=300 ℃ between controlling every layer.Adopt multi-layer multi-pass welding process, guarantee the fusion situation between welding bead, avoid forming interlayer and do not melt and defect; Face of weld and mother metal are wanted rounding off.
After step S3, also comprise checking procedure.Wherein, checkout procedure can be according to < < thermal power plant solder technology rules > > DL/T 869-2012 evaluation, and welding point visual examination is qualified; According to < < bearing device Non-Destructive Testing > > JB/T4730-2005, surperficial excessive defect is not found in angle welding PT flaw detection.
Embodiment 2:
S1, selects welding material:
Select high chromiumnickel austenite stainless steel welding wire or nickel-based welding wire as welding material.Now select Inconel 82 welding wires
S2, the excessive layer of built-up welding:
At the welding material built-up welding transition zone in step 1 for the mother metal side at main steam pipe, and excessively layer comprises five layers.
S3, formally welding:
Find the welding center of steam pipe and temperature pipe, the welding material by electric welding in step 1, welds together steam pipe and temperature pipe.
In step S3, welding manner is GTAW; And weldingvoltage scope is 25V, welding current is straight polarity direct current, and size of current is 90A, and speed of welding is 80mm/min; In the welding manner of step 3, ground floor speed of welding is 60mm/min, and second layer speed of welding is 65mm/min, and the 3rd layer of speed of welding is 70mm/min, and the 4th layer of speed of welding is 75mm/min, and layer 5 speed of welding is 80mm/min; The thickness of above-mentioned two excessive layers is all 3mm.
Finally it should be noted that, above-mentioned explanation is only most preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction.Any those of ordinary skill in the art; do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention; all can utilize way and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible changes and simple replacement etc. to technical solution of the present invention, these all belong to the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (8)

1. a heterogeneous austenite steel welding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
One, select high chromiumnickel austenite stainless steel welding wire or nickel-based welding wire as welding material;
Two, at the welding material built-up welding transition zone described in the mother metal side use step 1 of standby tubing, and excessively layer at least comprises two-layer;
Three, find the welding center of standby tubing and standby tubing, by electric welding, at the welding material described in step 1, described standby tubing and described standby tubing weld together.
2. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the cleaning to described standby tubing before step 2, and wherein, after cleaning, described standby tubing can expose metallic luster.
3. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the mechanical processing steps to described standby tubing before step 2; The mechanical processing steps of described standby tubing is comprised the opening of described standby tubing is processed into and has a unlimited opening, and unlimited opening comprises an inclined-plane tilting with described standby tubing axis.
4. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described opening also comprises an inwall parallel with described standby tubing axis, and the gap between described inwall and described standby tubing is 1mm; The angle of described inclined-plane and described standby tubing axis is 35 ℃.
5. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described welding material is Inconel 82 welding wires, and described Inconel 82 welding wires comprise that mass component is 67% Ni, 0.1% C, 3.0% Mn, 2.5% Nb, 0.5% Si, 0.25% Cu, 20% Cr, 0.75% Ti, 0.02% S and P.
6. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the welding manner of described step 3 kind is GTAW; And weldingvoltage scope is 20~25V, welding current is straight polarity direct current, and size of current is 80~90A, and speed of welding is 60~80mm/min.
7. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, in described welding manner, ground floor speed of welding is 60mm/min, and second layer speed of welding is 80mm/min.
8. heterogeneous austenite steel welding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described at least two excessive layers is all 2~3mm.
CN201410460736.7A 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Heterogeneous austenite system steel welding method Pending CN104191074A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105414782A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-03-23 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Isolated layer surfacing method of dissimilar steel welding joint
CN105537736A (en) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 Welding method for boron cast steel of primary shielding structure of nuclear reactor containment
CN108247186A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-06 无锡海核装备科技有限公司 For the different steel weld method of pearlite heatproof steel and austenitic stainless steel

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1060806A (en) * 1991-10-03 1992-05-06 机械电子工业部郑州机械研究所 The welding of dissimilar steel composition gradient transition
CN101214573A (en) * 2008-01-03 2008-07-09 湖北省电力试验研究院 Medium temperature thick-wall WB36/1Cr18Ni9Ti dissimilar steel welding technology
CN102513713A (en) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-27 张家港圣汇气体化工装备有限公司 Welding method for stainless steel composite board pressure vessel shell and insert-type stainless steel connecting pipe
CN103357993A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-10-23 兰州西固热电有限责任公司 Welding technology for dissimilar steels of 12 Cr1Mov and 12X18H12T

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1060806A (en) * 1991-10-03 1992-05-06 机械电子工业部郑州机械研究所 The welding of dissimilar steel composition gradient transition
CN101214573A (en) * 2008-01-03 2008-07-09 湖北省电力试验研究院 Medium temperature thick-wall WB36/1Cr18Ni9Ti dissimilar steel welding technology
CN102513713A (en) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-27 张家港圣汇气体化工装备有限公司 Welding method for stainless steel composite board pressure vessel shell and insert-type stainless steel connecting pipe
CN103357993A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-10-23 兰州西固热电有限责任公司 Welding technology for dissimilar steels of 12 Cr1Mov and 12X18H12T

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105414782A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-03-23 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Isolated layer surfacing method of dissimilar steel welding joint
CN105537736A (en) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 Welding method for boron cast steel of primary shielding structure of nuclear reactor containment
CN108247186A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-06 无锡海核装备科技有限公司 For the different steel weld method of pearlite heatproof steel and austenitic stainless steel

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Application publication date: 20141210