CN104190692A - Method for stabilizing building waste polluted by various heavy metals - Google Patents
Method for stabilizing building waste polluted by various heavy metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104190692A CN104190692A CN201410415807.1A CN201410415807A CN104190692A CN 104190692 A CN104190692 A CN 104190692A CN 201410415807 A CN201410415807 A CN 201410415807A CN 104190692 A CN104190692 A CN 104190692A
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- buildings
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- citric acid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for stabilizing building waste polluted by various heavy metals. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and breaking the building waste polluted by various heavy metals; carrying out acid washing on the building waste by citric acid so as to dissolve the heavy metals on the surface of the building waste; after 23-25 hours, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain an eluent and a solid; recovering the heavy metals from the eluent until the discharge standard is reached and discharging the eluent; adding a heavy metal curing agent into the solid, mixing the heavy metal curing agent with water for stabilizing, stirring or shaking for 24 hours, standing for stabilization for a week, performing separation to obtain a supernatant as well as the acid-washed and stabilized building waste, and returning the supernatant back to the acid-washing process; and determining the leaching toxicity of the acid-washed and stabilized building waste in accordance with an HJ/T299-2007 method, wherein the results show that the primary standard of national sewage comprehensive discharge is reached. The method has simple technological steps, the treated waste liquid is recycled, the applied chemical agents are safe and environmentally friendly and have a remarkable stabilizing effect on heavy metals, and the environment safety in landfilling or recycling of the building waste polluted by heavy metals is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy pollution.Belong to heavy metal processing technology field in waste material of buildings.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly and the quick propelling of urbanization process of China's economy, removal, reorganization and expansion and grassroot project produce a large amount of waste material of buildings, producing every year according to estimates building waste is 2,400,000,000 tons of left and right, the contaminated waste material of buildings producing comprising removal or the reconstruction of a large amount of chemical industry, metallurgy, light industry processing enterprise.For example, take from Shenzhen Electroplate Factory electroplating workshop and be subject to the waste material of buildings of heavy metal pollution, its zinc content is up to 2885mg/kg, copper content 47553mg/kg, chromium content 7095mg/kg.This class is subject to the waste material of buildings of the pollution of heavy metal, if do not carry out suitable processing, stacking will produce serious influence to the environment such as soil, cienega of periphery arbitrarily, under acid rain, heavy showers etc. are washed away, be subject to the release of all kinds of heavy metals in the waste material of buildings of heavy metal pollution to cause long-term environmental risk.
In recent years, a lot of to the research of Heavy Metal Pollution Control both at home and abroad, wherein soil, ash fly processing and the stabilization method of middle heavy metal, as " a kind of processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil " (application number CN201210374993.X, publication number CN102886375A), adopt electronic reparation+permeable reactive barrier to realize enrichment and the removal of heavy metal in soil; " a kind of chemically stable is processed the method for city garbage burning flying ash " (application number 200610007581.7, publication number CN1810395A) adopt silicate chemistry stabilizing agent to stablize city garbage burning flying ash, make its Leaching lower than hazardous waste judging standard; But be not all suitable for the processing and the stabilisation that are subject to heavy metal waste material of buildings.But, about being subject to, the research of heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings processing method is very few, pertinent literature and patent " a kind of processing method of pollution of chromium waste material of buildings " (application number 201210116994.4, application publication number CN102652953A) in first with clear water washing containing chromium waste material of buildings, after dehydration, adopt 0.1-0.2mol/L citric acid cleaning pollution of chromium waste material of buildings, clearance reaches more than 95%, and Leaching detects total chromium < 1.5mg/L.The method is only for the processing that is subject to pollution of chromium waste material of buildings, total metals in Citric Acid Dosage and waste material of buildings is not adjusted, and the fragmentation to waste material of buildings is had relatively high expectations, the energy consumption that scleroid waste material of buildings is crushed to 10 orders (about 2mm) is larger, less particle diameter has limited the follow-up use of waste material of buildings simultaneously, if the waste material of buildings after cleaning is directly carried out to landfill, still there is certain environmental risk in addition, have no and be subject to other heavy metals as zinc, copper, the various heavy such as lead are polluted the processing of waste material of buildings and the relevant report of antihunt means.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is various heavy in waste material of buildings to remove and stabilization processes, to eliminate its pollution risk to environment, a large amount of waste material of buildings that removal, reorganization and expansion and grassroot project are produced utilize Risk Reduction to the standard that meets the world and allow.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is directed to the feature that exists of heavy metal in the waste material of buildings that is subject to heavy metal pollution, first be dried-broken pretreatment, then adopt the heavy metal on citric acid wash-out waste material of buildings top layer, finally, by adding heavy metal fixative stabilizing heavy metal, significantly reduce the Potential environmental risk in the process such as waste material of buildings landfill or reuse that is subject to heavy metal pollution.Concrete steps are as follows:
A waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy to be polluted, first, gets the waste material of buildings that is subject to heavy metal pollution, is placed under gravity-flow ventilation condition, to be dried and to be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 2cm; Then, add citric acid to carry out pickling, waste material of buildings top layer heavy metal is dissolved, Separation of Solid and Liquid after 23～25h, obtains eluent and solid, and eluent focuses on and reclaims heavy metal qualified discharge.In solid, add heavy metals immobilization agent, temper again stable, the addition of water is 40～50wt% of solid and heavy metals immobilization agent gross weight, stir or shake 24 hours, leave standstill again to stablize after one week and separate, obtain the waste material of buildings after supernatant and pickling-stable, supernatant is got back to pickling process, together with the waste material of buildings that polluted by various heavy, add citric acid, carry out the wash-out of top layer heavy metal, the waste material of buildings after pickling-stable is measured Leaching according to HJ/T299-2007 method, result shows, meets GB sewage comprehensive discharge primary standard;
Above-mentioned citric acid is commercially available technical grade commodity, the metering method of citric acid is, first detect heavy metal molar concentration in contaminated waste material of buildings, water configuration citric acid solution again, citric acid solution concentration: heavy metal concentration=1:1 in waste material of buildings～2:1 molar concentration rate, the consumption of citric acid solution is, waste material of buildings: citric acid solution=1:9～1:11 mass ratio;
Above-mentioned heavy metals immobilization agent is calcium dihydrogen phosphate or lime, and addition is that per kilogram solid adds metal-cured dose of 20～25 grammes per square metres;
The heavy metal of the above-mentioned waste material of buildings that is subject to heavy metal pollution is zinc, copper, lead, chromium.
After 23 described～25h, solid-liquid separation step is first gravitational settling 30min, then inserts pump line, extracts supernatant to reach separating effect.
Described be subject to heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings dry-breaking method is: be laid under gravity-flow ventilation condition by heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings, disappear to surface moisture; Adopt disintegrating machine to carry out fragmentation to waste material of buildings sample, be less than or equal to 2cm to particle diameter; .
The described stirring or the concussion speed that temper while stablizing are 30 ± 5rpm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Because selecting the medicament of cheap safety, the present invention carries out pickling and stable processing, effectively the waste material of buildings top layer heavy metal that is subject to heavy metal pollution is removed, and a fixing huge sum of money that can not stripping belongs in waste material of buildings solid, reduce to discharge through the waste material of buildings of pickling processes the possibility of heavy metal, significantly reduced and be subject to the heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings Potential environmental risk in landfill or recycling after treatment; The present invention requires low to the broken particle diameter of waste material of buildings, equipment investment is few, energy use amount is little, and has ensured the follow-up use of waste material of buildings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
(1) get the various heavy that is subject to that comes from certain industrial premises job shop and pollute waste material of buildings, be laid under gravity-flow ventilation condition, disappear to apparent moisture, then, adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation to waste material of buildings sample, be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 2cm;
(2) with citric acid wash-out waste material of buildings top layer heavy metal, be Separation of Solid and Liquid after 23～25h time of contact, the eluent obtaining discharge after heavy metal recovery is up to standard, in solid, add heavy metals immobilization agent calcium dihydrogen phosphate 20～25g/kg, and by treating that stable waste material of buildings quality adds the water of 40～50wt% to be in harmonious proportion, stir or shake after 24 hours at 30 ± 5rpm, be statically placed under natural conditions, stablize one week, obtain waste material of buildings and supernatant after pickling-stable, supernatant is got back to pickling process, together with the waste material of buildings that polluted by various heavy, with citric acid wash-out top layer heavy metal, waste material of buildings after pickling-stable is measured Leaching result according to HJ/T299-2007 method, meet GB sewage comprehensive discharge primary standard (mg/L), in table 1.
The metering method of citric acid is, first detect heavy metal molar concentration in contaminated waste material of buildings, water configuration citric acid solution again, citric acid solution concentration: heavy metal concentration=1:1 in waste material of buildings～2:1 molar concentration rate, the consumption of citric acid solution is, waste material of buildings: citric acid solution=1:9～1:11 mass ratio;
In contaminated waste material of buildings, the detection method of heavy metal molar concentration is to get waste material of buildings powder that 0.1～0.3g is dry in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) crucible, add 9mL chloroazotic acid, soak and add 1mL40% hydrofluoric acid after 10 minutes, constant volume after clearing up on 180 DEG C of electric hot plates, adopt ICP-OES to detect and determine content of beary metal in solution, and calculate heavy metal molar concentration in waste material of buildings.
Table 1 embodiment 1 test result
Embodiment 2
(1) get the various heavy that is subject to that comes from certain industrial factory job shop and pollute waste material of buildings, be laid under gravity-flow ventilation condition, disappear to apparent moisture, then, adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation to waste material of buildings sample, be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 2cm;
(2) with citric acid wash-out waste material of buildings top layer heavy metal, be Separation of Solid and Liquid after 23～25h time of contact, the eluent obtaining discharge after heavy metal recovery is up to standard, in solid, add heavy metals immobilization agent lime 20～25g/kg, and by treating that stable waste material of buildings quality adds the water of 40～50wt% to be in harmonious proportion, stir or shake after 24 hours at 30 ± 5rpm, be statically placed under natural conditions, stablize one week, obtain waste material of buildings and supernatant after pickling-stable, supernatant is got back to pickling process, together with the waste material of buildings that polluted by various heavy, with citric acid wash-out top layer heavy metal, waste material of buildings after pickling-stable is measured Leaching result according to HJ/T299-2007 method, meet GB sewage comprehensive discharge primary standard (mg/L), in table 2.
The metering method of citric acid is, first detect heavy metal molar concentration in contaminated waste material of buildings, water configuration citric acid solution again, citric acid solution concentration: heavy metal concentration=1:1 in waste material of buildings～2:1 molar concentration rate, the consumption of citric acid solution is, waste material of buildings: citric acid solution=1:9～1:11 mass ratio;
In contaminated waste material of buildings, the detection method of heavy metal molar concentration is to get waste material of buildings dried powder that 0.1～0.3g particle diameter is less than 180 μ m in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) crucible, add 9mL chloroazotic acid, soak and add 1mL40% hydrofluoric acid after 10 minutes, constant volume after clearing up on 180 DEG C of electric hot plates, adopt ICP-OES to detect content of beary metal in solution, and calculate heavy metal molar concentration in waste material of buildings.
Table 2: example 2 test results
Can be found out by table 1, table 2 result, the present invention is to being subject to the pickling processes of heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings to reduce content of beary metal in solid, be subject to heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings to reduce its leachability after curing agent is stable, illustrate that this inventive method, to being subject to wash-out and the stable treatment effect of heavy metal in the waste material of buildings of heavy metal pollution good, ensures to be subject to the environmental safety of heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings in landfill and recycling.
Claims (4)
1. a waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy to be polluted, first, gets the waste material of buildings that is subject to heavy metal pollution, is placed under gravity-flow ventilation condition, to be dried and to be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 2cm; Then, add citric acid solution to carry out pickling, waste material of buildings top layer heavy metal is dissolved, Separation of Solid and Liquid after 23～25h, obtains eluent and solid, and eluent focuses on recovery heavy metal; In solid, add heavy metals immobilization agent, temper again stable, the addition of water is 40～50wt% of solid and heavy metals immobilization agent gross weight, stir or shake 24 hours, leave standstill again to stablize after one week and separate, obtain the waste material of buildings after supernatant and pickling-stable, supernatant is got back to pickling process, together with the waste material of buildings that polluted by various heavy, with citric acid wash-out top layer heavy metal, waste material of buildings after pickling-stable is measured Leaching according to HJ/T299-2007 method, and result shows, meets GB sewage comprehensive discharge primary standard;
Above-mentioned citric acid is commercially available technical grade commodity, the metering method of citric acid is, first detect heavy metal molar concentration in contaminated waste material of buildings, water configuration citric acid solution again, citric acid solution concentration: heavy metal concentration=1:1 in waste material of buildings～2:1 molar concentration rate, the consumption of citric acid solution is, waste material of buildings: citric acid solution=1:9～1:11 mass ratio;
Above-mentioned heavy metals immobilization agent is calcium dihydrogen phosphate or lime, and addition is that per kilogram solid adds metal-cured dose of 20～25 grammes per square metres;
The heavy metal of the above-mentioned waste material of buildings that is subject to heavy metal pollution is zinc, copper, lead, chromium.
2. a kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after 23 described～25h, solid-liquid separation step is first gravitational settling 30min, then insert pump line, extract eluent to reach separating effect.
3. a kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described be dried-breaking method that is subject to heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings is, be laid under gravity-flow ventilation condition by heavy metal pollution waste material of buildings, disappear to surface moisture, with disintegrating machine, waste material of buildings sample is carried out to fragmentation again, be less than or equal to 2cm to particle diameter.
4. a kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method that makes to be subject to various heavy pollution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described stirring or the concussion speed that temper while stablizing are 30 ± 5rpm.
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| CN201410415807.1A CN104190692B (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2014-08-22 | A kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method making to be polluted by various heavy |
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| CN201410415807.1A CN104190692B (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2014-08-22 | A kind of waste material of buildings stabilization method making to be polluted by various heavy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690065A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南大学 | Method for immobilizing heavy metals in mineralized refuse |
| CN106862235A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-20 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | A kind of on-line checking heavy metal solid waste method for innocent treatment |
| CN108941149A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-07 | 四川川能环保科技有限公司 | High concentration heavy metal pollution waste treatment method |
| CN109261700A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-25 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of immersion systems and method of citric acid treatment building waste |
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| US20140221723A1 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-08-07 | Keith E Forrester | Non-embedding method for heavy metal stabilization using beef bone meal and blast media |
| CN103978013A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-13 | 同济大学 | Treating method of high-concentration heavy metal polluted building waste |
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2014
- 2014-08-22 CN CN201410415807.1A patent/CN104190692B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN102652953A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-09-05 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Treatment method of chromium pollution construction waste |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690065A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南大学 | Method for immobilizing heavy metals in mineralized refuse |
| CN106862235A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-20 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | A kind of on-line checking heavy metal solid waste method for innocent treatment |
| CN106862235B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉深能环保新沟垃圾发电有限公司 | A kind of on-line checking heavy metal solid waste method for innocent treatment |
| CN108941149A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-07 | 四川川能环保科技有限公司 | High concentration heavy metal pollution waste treatment method |
| CN109261700A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-25 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of immersion systems and method of citric acid treatment building waste |
| CN109261700B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2023-08-22 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Pickling system and method for treating construction waste by citric acid |
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