CN104187007B - 一种无抗生素的乳猪配合饲料及其用途 - Google Patents
一种无抗生素的乳猪配合饲料及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104187007B CN104187007B CN201410490338.XA CN201410490338A CN104187007B CN 104187007 B CN104187007 B CN 104187007B CN 201410490338 A CN201410490338 A CN 201410490338A CN 104187007 B CN104187007 B CN 104187007B
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- sucking pig
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- antibiotic
- lactic acid
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料及其用途，该配合饲料是由(膨化)玉米、发酵豆粕、发酵乳清粉、白糖、鱼粉、大豆油、氯化胆碱、鲜味剂、香味剂、乳猪复合维生素、乳猪专用矿精、乳猪专用复合酶、植酸酶、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、益生素、乳酸菌止痢素、氯化钠、磷酸氢钙、石粉、抗氧化剂和防霉剂混合后得到。本发明的乳猪饲料配方含有乳酸菌止痢素，乳酸菌止痢素配合益生素及发酵类原料使用，能起到促进乳猪肠道绒毛的发育、促进其胃肠道功能的完善、提高乳猪自身防病抗病能力、整体上调节乳猪肠道健康的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种猪饲料，具体涉及一种无抗生素的乳猪配合饲料及其用途。
背景技术
近年来，国内畜禽产品质量安全问题频发，新的致病菌引起的食物中毒、养殖过程中滥用兽药、抗生素、激素类物质等药物，以及疯牛病、口蹄疫、甲孕酮污染饲料等事件对养殖业造成了重大影响，引起全球的广泛关注。为此，许多国家都构筑了具有本国特色的畜禽产品质量安全管理体系，从法规体系、监管体系、标准体系、检验检疫体系、认证体系等方面来保证畜禽产品的质量安全。
2002年，我国农业部、卫生部、国家药品监督管理局根据《饲料和饲料添加剂管理条例》、《兽药管理条例》、《药品管理法》的规定，联合发布公告公布了《禁止在饲料和动物饮用水中使用的药物品种目录》，目录中收载了5类40种禁止在饲料和动物饮用水中使用的药物品种。这表示在我国依然允许在饲料中使用农业部规定的抗生素。
而早在1998年，欧盟就已禁止螺旋霉素(Spiramycin)、泰乐霉素(Tylosinpnosphat)、维吉尼霉素(Virginiamycin)、锌－杆菌肽(ZinkBcaitracin)等一系列人畜共用的抗生素被用作饲料添加剂。2002年3月底，欧洲委员会提议“欧盟将全面禁止在饲料中使用生长素类抗生素作为饲料促生长添加剂”，被批准使用的4种饲料促生长添加剂也已于2006年1月逐步退出，这说明促生长抗生素已在欧盟被全面禁止。这也意味着我们国家在禁用抗生素方面落后于发达国家。
毋庸置疑，大量长期使用或超标、滥用抗生素及激素作为饲料添加剂，不仅降低动物产品品质，造成重大经济损失，并且严重危害人体健康，影响生命质量。这类安全事件的频发，正是一次次为我们敲响警钟。
同时，我国养殖业正在经历着一场深层次的变革。我国人民生活水平的不断提高，生活质量的日益改善，对食品安全的重视都迫切需要获取绿色健康无害的安全产品。因此，生产无抗生素的安全畜产品以满足国民的迫切需求，并提升我国畜产品在国内、国际市场上的竞争力是畜牧业从事者应尽的责任。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的在于提供一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料。本发明是在前期工作的基础上，着眼于制备无抗生素的乳猪配合饲料，将乳酸菌止痢素应用于乳猪配合饲料中，出乎意料地发现这种加入了乳酸菌止痢素的饲料具有预防乳猪腹泻的作用，同时能提高乳猪日采食量，提高饲料的消化率，调节乳猪肠道健康，促进乳猪肠道发育。除止痢作用之外，该饲料的其他功效都是在先报道(ZL201010205216.3)不存在技术启示的。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料的用途。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，其由950-999重量份的乳猪饲料和1-50重量份的乳酸菌止痢素组成。
在本发明进一步地实施方案中，所述无抗生素乳猪配合饲料中包含发酵的豆粕和乳清粉。
在本发明更进一步地实施方案中，所述无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优选地，上述的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
所述的乳猪指自出生后至断奶阶段的小猪。
本发明中的所有原料均可在市面上购买得到。作为优选，某些原料也可以自配。
所述的膨化玉米是指玉米经过水分、热、机械剪切、摩擦、揉搓及压力差综合作用下的淀粉糊化物。
所述的乳猪复合维生素由以下重量份数的成分组成：
维生素A 60-100份，维生素D3 14-20份，维生素B1 4.5-6.0份，维生素B2 15-22份，维生素B6 4.5-10份，维生素B12 5-12份，维生素K3 20-40份，泛酸钙30-50份，烟酰胺60-80份，抗氧化剂0-10份，维生素E 80-150份，叶酸0.8-1.2份，生物素5-10份，载体400-650份。
所述的乳猪专用矿精由以下重量份数的成分组成：
硫酸铜10-18份，硫酸亚铁200-240份，硫酸锰30-35份，氧化锌60-70份，氯化钴35-45份，亚硒酸钠20-38份，碘酸钙15-25份，氯化钾45-54份，载体500-550份。
所述鲜味剂可以为味精。
所述的乳酸菌止痢素是CN 101822322B中所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法所制得的，优选由CN 101822322B权利要求1所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法制得，特别优选由CN 101822322B任一具体实施方式所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法制得。
上述的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料可用于饲养乳猪。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果：
一、本发明的乳猪饲料中含有乳酸菌止痢素。乳酸菌止痢素作为公司自主研发的专利产品，主要针对治疗畜禽腹泻。将其应用至乳猪饲料中后出乎意料的发现乳酸菌止痢素起到预防乳猪腹泻的作用，从而完全替代了传统的抗生素，起到促进乳猪肠道绒毛的发育，促进其胃肠道功能的完善，提高乳猪自身防病抗病能力，调节乳猪肠道健康的作用。
二、本发明的乳猪饲料中含有发酵原料，发酵原料相比未发酵原料相比具有以下优点：
1、发酵原料消除了抗原和抗营养因子，降低了乳猪的营养性腹泻；豆粕中含有胰蛋白酶抑制因子、凝集素、寡糖、抗原蛋白等抗营养因子，直接使用会严重降低豆粕的营养价值，还会导致乳猪腹泻，所以通过发酵2、发酵产品中含有天然的酸化剂(乳酸、醋酸)；3、提高了饲料的可消化性，饲料原料通过发酵处理后，产生大量容易吸收的小分子物质，如小肽、游离氨基酸等；4、提高了饲料的适口性，发酵后的饲料产生诱食因子，具有独特的芳香气味，能增强乳猪食欲，提高动物采食量，促进乳猪生长。
本发明的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料的营养成分含量如表1所示：
表1
| 营养指标 | 配方含量 | 营养指标 | 配方含量 |
| 粗蛋白(％) | ≥20 | 粗灰分(％) | ≤7.0 |
| 粗脂肪(％) | ≥3.0 | 氯化钠(％) | 0.3～1.8 |
| 钙(％) | 0.4～1.6 | 总磷(％) | ≥0.2 |
| 粗纤维(％) | ≤4.0 | 赖氨酸(％) | ≥1.0 |
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
以下实施例中：
所使用的乳猪复合维生素由以下重量份数的成分组成：维生素A 80份，维生素D3 15份，维生素B1 5份，维生素B2 17.5份，维生素B6 5份，维生素B12 6份，维生素K3 19.5份，泛酸钙32.5份，烟酰胺60份，抗氧化剂0.5份，维生素E 100份，叶酸1份，生物素7.5份，载体650.5份，所述载体为玉米粉。
所使用的乳猪专用矿精由以下重量份数的成分组成：硫酸铜16份，硫酸亚铁230份，硫酸锰32份，氧化锌65份，氯化钴40份，亚硒酸钠0.3份，碘酸钙0.2份，氯化钾50份，载体为沸石粉。
所使用的乳酸菌止痢素是CN 101822322B中所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法所制得的，优选由CN 101822322B权利要求1所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法制得，特别优选由CN 101822322B任一具体实施方式所记载的乳酸菌止痢素的制备方法制得。
实施例1
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优质玉米513.2份，膨化玉米120份，发酵豆粕160份，发酵乳清粉80份，白糖20份，鱼粉30份，大豆油30份，氯化胆碱1.0份，鲜味剂1.0份，香味剂0.5份，乳猪复合维生素0.4份，乳猪专用矿精1份，乳猪专用复合酶1份，植酸酶0.2份，氧化锌3份，硫酸铜0.5份，赖氨酸2.5份，蛋氨酸0.3份，苏氨酸0.2份，益生素10份，乳酸菌止痢素5份，氯化钠3.6份，磷酸氢钙6份，石粉9份，抗氧化剂0.8份，防霉剂0.8份。
实施例2
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优质玉米251.9份，膨化玉米200份，面粉100份，发酵豆粕220份，发酵乳清粉100份，白糖10份，鱼粉50份，大豆油20份，氯化胆碱0.8份，鲜味剂2份，香味剂0.2份，乳猪复合维生素0.5份，乳猪专用矿精0.8份，乳猪专用复合酶0.5份，氧化锌1份，硫酸铜0.8份，植酸酶0.3份，赖氨酸1.0份，蛋氨酸0.2份，苏氨酸0.5份，益生素5份，乳酸菌止痢素10份，氯化钠4份，磷酸氢钙8份，石粉10份，抗氧化剂2.0份，防霉剂0.5份。
实施例3
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优质玉米325.3份，膨化玉米100份，面粉300份，发酵豆粕80份，发酵乳清粉50份，白糖40份，鱼粉10份，大豆油50份，氯化胆碱1.2份，鲜味剂0.5份，香味剂1.0份，乳猪复合维生素0.3份，乳猪专用矿精1.5份，乳猪专用复合酶1.5份，植酸酶0.1份，氧化锌2份，硫酸铜0.4份，赖氨酸3.0份，蛋氨酸0.5份，苏氨酸0.2份，益生素15份，乳酸菌止痢素4份，氯化钠2份，磷酸氢钙4份，石粉5份，抗氧化剂0.5份，防霉剂2份。
对比例1-1
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了不含有乳酸菌止痢素，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例1相同，缺少部分用优质玉米替代。
对比例1-2
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了用普通豆粕替代发酵豆粕，用普通乳清粉替代发酵乳清粉，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例1相同。
对比例2-1
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了不含有乳酸菌止痢素，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例2相同，缺少部分用优质玉米替代。
对比例2-2
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了用普通豆粕替代发酵豆粕，用普通乳清粉替代发酵乳清粉，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例2相同。
对比例3-1
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了不含有乳酸菌止痢素，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例3相同，缺少部分用优质玉米替代。
对比例3-2
一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，除了用普通豆粕替代发酵豆粕，用普通乳清粉替代发酵乳清粉，配方中的其他成分和用量均与实施例3相同。
试验地点：白云区某大型猪场试验饲料为本发明的实施例1、2、3及对比例1-1、1-2、2-1、2-2、3-1、3-2。试验饲料均由金银卡(广州)生物科技有限公司生产提供。
测试指标：初始体重、末重、腹泻数、死亡数。
试验动物：选择相同胎次且产期相近的乳猪，优选体重相近的健康乳猪。分成9组，每组18头。
饲养管理：乳猪出生后称重，剪齿，断尾，打耳号，3日龄补铁，7日龄开始诱食补料，25日龄断奶，断奶2天后转入保育舍饲养，继续饲喂教槽料，10天后试验结束，试验结果如下表所示：
表2
试验结果表明：本发明使用乳酸菌止痢素替代抗生素，解决了乳猪腹泻的问题，并根据乳猪营养需求使用大量适口性好，消化率高的发酵原料，促进乳猪的肠道发育，从乳猪出生至第37日龄，平均日增重达224g，具有显著的生产效益。
实施例4 乳酸菌止痢素用量及与添加抗生素饲料的效果对比
除下表参数外，其他饲料成分均同实施例1，
| 对比例4-1 | 对比例4-2 | 对比例4-3 | |
| 用量 | 15份乳酸菌止痢素 | 2份乳酸菌止痢素 | 5份螺旋霉素 |
试验方法及检测指标同上，具体结果如下：
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，其特征在于，是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优质玉米 ： 250-400份
膨化玉米： 100-200份
面粉： 100-300份
发酵豆粕： 100-250份
发酵乳清粉： 50-100份
白糖： 10-40份
鱼粉： 10-50份
大豆油： 20-50份
氯化胆碱： 0.8-1.2份
鲜味剂： 0.5-2份
香味剂： 0.2-1.0份
乳猪复合维生素：0.3-0.5份
乳猪专用矿精： 0.8-1.5份
乳猪专用复合酶：0.5-1.5份
植酸酶： 0.1-0.3份
赖氨酸： 1-3份
蛋氨酸： 0.2-0.5份
苏氨酸： 0.2-0.5份
益生素： 5-15份
乳酸菌止痢素： 4-10份
氯化钠： 2-4份
硫酸铜： 0.4-0.8份
氧化锌： 1-3份
磷酸氢钙： 4-8份
石粉： 5-10份
抗氧化剂： 0-2份，其中不取0值；
防霉剂： 0-2份，其中不取0值；
所述的乳猪复合维生素由以下重量份数的成分组成：
维生素A 60-100份，维生素D3 14-20份，维生素B1 4.5-6.0份，维生素B2 15-22份，维生素B6 4.5-10份，维生素B12 5-12份，维生素K3 20-40份，泛酸钙 30-50份，烟酰胺 60-80份，抗氧化剂 0-10份，维生素E 80-150份，叶酸 0.8-1.2份，生物素 5-10份，载体 400-650份；
所述的乳猪专用矿精由以下重量份数的成分组成：
硫酸铜 10-18份，硫酸亚铁 200-240份，硫酸锰 30-35份，氧化锌 60-70份，氯化钴 35-45份，亚硒酸钠 20-38份，碘酸钙 15-25份，氯化钾 45-54份，载体 500-550份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料，其特征在于：是由以下重量份数的成分混合后得到：
优质玉米： 313.2份
膨化玉米： 120份
面粉： 200份
发酵豆粕： 160份
发酵乳清粉： 80份
白糖： 20份
鱼粉： 30份
大豆油： 30份
氯化胆碱： 1.0份
鲜味剂： 1.0份
香味剂： 0.5份
乳猪复合维生素：0.4份
乳猪专用矿精： 1.0份
乳猪专用复合酶：1.0份
植酸酶： 0.2份
赖氨酸： 2.5份
蛋氨酸： 0.3份
苏氨酸： 0.2份
益生素： 10份
乳酸菌止痢素： 5份
氯化钠： 3.6份
磷酸氢钙： 6份
石粉： 9份
硫酸铜： 0.5份
氧化锌： 3份
抗氧化剂： 0.8份
防霉剂： 0.8份。
3.权利要求1或2所述的无抗生素乳猪配合饲料在饲养乳猪中的应用。
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| CN105876195A (zh) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | 一种无抗生素添加的猪饲料及其制备方法 |
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| CN106490335A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-03-15 | 于秀华 | 一种30‑60kg猪饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN106689740A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-24 | 于秀华 | 一种15‑30kg猪饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN106721286A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 于秀华 | 一种60‑120kg育猪饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN107006704A (zh) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-04 | 湘西芙蓉资源农业科技有限公司 | 仔猪保育料及其制备方法 |
| CN106954749A (zh) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-07-18 | 湖南赛福资源饲料科技有限公司 | 湘西杂交黑猪后备公猪饲料及其制备方法 |
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| CN101822322A (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-09-08 | 金银卡（广州）生物科技有限公司 | 乳酸菌止痢素及其制备方法 |
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| CN101822322A (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-09-08 | 金银卡（广州）生物科技有限公司 | 乳酸菌止痢素及其制备方法 |
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