CN104186385A - Construction method and application of male sterility line of Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops - Google Patents
Construction method and application of male sterility line of Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method and application of a male sterility line of Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops. The male sterility line is a hybridization scallop strain according to which functional sperms cannot be generated, eggs of the male sterility line can be fertilized and grow normally and a male sterility characteristic of the male sterility line can be entailed on offsprings. The Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops are a filial generation between Argopecten irradians concentricus eggs and Argopecten purpuratus sperms. The method comprises the steps that first a large number of first filial generation families obtained after hybridization between Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus are constructed, and male sterile individuals are found among the first filial generation families obtained after hybridization between Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus; second, sperms of male parent Argopecten purpuratus of the male sterile individuals are used for continuous backcross for seed selection till backcross offsprings are all male and sterile and have fertile eggs, and the male sterility line of the Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops is obtained; third, male sterility line parent scallops are produced on a large scale through hybridization between the male sterility line and a maintainer line, and Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallop commercial offspring seeds are produced on a large scale through hybridization between the male sterility line parent scallops and a restorer line. According to the construction method and application of the male sterility line of the Argopecten irradians concentricus and Argopecten purpuratus hybridization scallops, the male sterility line of scallops is constructed among animals for the first time, and the obstacle in self-fertilization of hybridization of hermaphrodite scallops is effectively removed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shellfish breeding technique--scallop hybrid commodity offspring seed cultivation method, especially relates to construction method and the application of violet black scallop hybrid (filial generation of Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm) male sterile line.
Background technology
Gulf of Mexico scallop (Argopecten irradians concentricus) originates in U.S. Gulf of Mexico bank, introduces China in eighties of last century the nineties.Gulf of Mexico scallop fast growth, temperature wide accommodation, is especially relatively applicable to high temperature sea area, and strong stress resistance is applicable to the cultivation in south China marine site very much, is the main scallop culture kind in southern marine site at present.But due to long-term inbreeding after introducing, scallop germplasm in breeding process in the Gulf of Mexico is degenerated serious, show as commodity shellfish specification more and more less, in seedling cultivation process, lethality is higher, therefore scallop culture industry is in the urgent need to carrying out genetic improvement to Gulf of Mexico scallop, and wherein crossbreeding is one of the most effective germplasm improvement method.
For this reason, inventor has introduced purple scallop (Argopecten purpuratus) from Peru first from 2007.Gulf of Mexico scallop is the medium-sized scallop of a kind of fast-growing type that originates in the South Pacific Ocean, all belonging to Argopecten with Gulf of Mexico scallop belongs to, chromosome number is identical, and is all hermaphroditism, but the two is in aspect proterties complementations such as Individual Size, growth and thermal adaptabilities.Therefore inventor, again by Gulf of Mexico scallop and purple scallop are carried out to interspecific cross, turns out orthogonal (purple scallop ovum and the fertilization of Gulf of Mexico scallop sperm) and two kinds of hybridization first filial generations of reciprocal cross (Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm).The individual weight of hybridization first filial generation improves 72-85% than the Gulf of Mexico scallop of cultivating the same period, and (southern music is red etc., the Primary Study of 2012. purple scallops and Gulf of Mexico scallop interspecific to demonstrate huge industry potentiality.China's agronomy circular, 28:131-135).
Although above-mentioned hybridization first filial generation can produce larger hybrid vigour, but want spread still to exist larger difficulty, this is because purple scallop and Gulf of Mexico scallop are all hermaphroditic scallops, when breeding, discharge sperm and ovum simultaneously, the ovum of discharge is easily subject to the pollution of sperm of the same race, be difficult to obtain in a large number unfertilized egg for interspecific cross, thereby cause filial generation ratio real in obtained commodity seed greatly to reduce, thereby make the increase rate of its output greatly limited.
Research discovery, the hermaphroditism characteristic of above-mentioned two kinds of Argopecten scallops is similar to the monoecism characteristic of many crops.Also the problem that exists color pollination in hermaphrodite crop breeding, needs artificial emasculation, and this point is similar to the self-fertilization problem running in purple scallop crossover process to Gulf of Mexico scallop.The key addressing this problem in agricultural depends on the discovery of male sterile plants, utilize male sterile plant and its male parent continuous backcross, just can select male sterile line, maintainer and restorer, build the three series mating breeding system in crop breeding with this, realize the large-scale production of crossbreed, thereby solve a hybrid seeding difficult problem.Up to now, in numerous crops set up three series mating breeding system both at home and abroad, and be widely used in, in the production of crossbreed, becoming the main path that increases substantially crop yield.
But in animal breeding, there is no up to now both at home and abroad and find male sterile and femalely educate individual report, thereby also cannot set up the male sterile line, maintainer and the restorer that are similar to crops, for crossbreeding.Obviously; if can build the three series mating breeding system that similarly comprises male sterile line, maintainer and restorer in animal breeding; also just can realize low cost, the scale interspecific cross of hermaphroditism type animal; improve hybridization efficiency; improve resistance and the output of breeding animal, thereby realize the important breakthrough of animal breeding technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to realize in animal breeding, specifically in hermaphroditism type scallop, build first the violet black scallop hybrid three series mating breeding system that comprises the strains such as male sterile line, maintainer and restorer, to overcome the deficiency of existing scallop hybrid breeding technique.
Another object of the present invention is to utilize that above-mentioned three series mating breeding Establishing is extensive, the application method of low-cost production violet black scallop hybrid seed.
The 3rd object of the present invention is to set up application method extensive, low-cost production violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed with violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and restorer hybridization.
Above-mentioned three is to refer to scallop male sterile line and maintainer and restorer.It is undesired that male sterile line is wherein that male gonad is grown, and can not produce the sperm of function, but its egg development is normal, can accept eupyrene sperm and be fertilized, and can be by its male sterile characteristic hereditary the strain to offspring.Obviously male sterile line is the core strain in three series mating system, and its Main Function is the unfertilized ovum that provides a large amount of in hybrid seedlings is commercially produced, and it is bred and depends on the maintainer supporting with it simultaneously.Male sterile line is to utilize individuality and its male parent continuous backcross that male sterile serendipitous and ovum can educate to set up the family that backcrosses, when all individualities of the family that backcrosses are the scallop hybrid strain obtaining when male sterile and ovum can be educated.
Maintainer claims again male sterile line maintainer, when as male parent and male sterile line hybridization, can make first filial generation keep male sterile characteristic, and the Main Function of maintainer is to provide male sterile line and breeds necessary sperm.Maintainer is the hermaphroditism strain that can normally breed, can breed maintainer of future generation by selfing.
Restorer claims again male sterile line restorer, and after the ovum fertilization with its sperm to male sterile line, the female and male fertile of the filial generation that produces all recovers normal.Therefore, in animal breeding, the effect of restorer is to provide the ovum fertilization of sperm and male sterile line, to realize the cultivation of best possible merchandise hybrid seedlings.Restorer is the hermaphroditism strain that can normally breed, can breed restorer of future generation by selfing.
The present invention is based on following design and practice: 1) inventor studies the male sterile individuality of having found to exist in violet black scallop hybrid (filial generation of Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm) first filial generation 2-8%, these individualities do not produce activated sperm, but its ovum can be fertilized by the sperm of purple scallop, and the fertilized egg obtaining can normal development, has obtained the scallop that backcrosses, 2) research is further found, after the thus obtained scallop gonad maturity that backcrosses, approximately there is the individuality of 8-10% still for male sterile and its ovum can be fertilized by purple scallop sperm, therefore as long as the ovum of above-mentioned male sterile individuality and the purple scallop self progeny's of male parent sperm continuous multi-generation is backcrossed, just can select offspring is all male sterile line (female parent)-purple scallop (male parent) combination that male sterile and ovum can be educated, purple scallop strain in this combination has the ability that makes the offspring of corresponding male sterile line still keep male sterile characteristic, obtain the maintainer of male sterile line He this male sterile line of violet black scallop hybrid, 3) research is also found, form rear approximately 90% individuality and still show as hermaphroditism with the ovum of male sterile individuality in purple scallop sperm and violet black scallop hybrid the cultivated scallop that backcrosses that backcrosses, therefore can be by setting up multiple methods that backcross family and carry out coordinate force test, selecting its offspring is all the male sterile line that hermaphroditism and proterties are good (female parent)-purple scallop (male parent) combination, purple scallop strain in this combination has the ability that makes male sterile line recover male fertile, obtains the restorer of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line, 4) hybridization of application violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line-maintainer can large-scale production male sterile and the ovum kind shellfish that can educate, by the sperm hybridization with corresponding restorer by these male sterile kind shellfishes, can realize convenient, efficient, large-scale production violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed, and the scallop hybrid commodity seed obtaining has significant advantage aspect growth, Individual Size and temperature tolerance.
The construction method of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line of the present invention is as follows:
1) breeding of the screening of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile individuality and male parent thereof: select good Gulf of Mexico scallop and purple scallop individuality to synchronize after accelerating, dry in the shade and lay eggs with thermal stimulus method induction Gulf of Mexico scallop and purple scallop with conventional purple scallop, and collect respectively the ovum of Gulf of Mexico scallop and purple scallop, induce purple scallop ejaculation simultaneously, and obtain purple scallop sperm with 500 order silk cover filterings, then in the ovum of Gulf of Mexico scallop, add appropriate purple scallop sperm, after fertilized egg normal development, obtain violet black scallop hybrid (Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm) first filial generation family, be ready to use in and select male sterile individuality, simultaneously by autologous sperm fertilization for the ovum of purple scallop, set up the self-fertilization family (sff) of this purple scallop.Because the individual ratio existing of male sterile in hybridization first filial generation is very low, therefore need to build a large amount of hybridization first filial generation familys, thereby find the seed selection of male sterile individuality for male sterile line.
2) seed selection of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line: select the male sterile individuality in the family of above-mentioned violet black scallop hybrid first filial generation, synchronize accelerating with the defect individual in the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of male parent, after gonad maturity, dry in the shade and induce the scallop ovulation of above-mentioned hybridization first filial generation recovery of ova with the method for thermal stimulus with conventional purple scallop, induce purple scallop ejaculation simultaneously, and obtain purple scallop sperm with 500 order silk cover filterings, by the ovum of the hybridization first filial generation of above-mentioned acquisition and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm, family that collection is fertilized and the foundation of normotrophic fertilized egg backcrosses, to set up self-fertilization family (sff) for smart purple scallop self-fertilization simultaneously, the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of the family that will backcross next year and male parent thereof accelerating, selection backcrosses in family still and individually to lay eggs after abductive approach stimulation lays eggs with conventional purple scallop for male sterile, continue to backcross with the purple scallop self progeny's of its male parent sperm, will continue selfing for smart purple scallop simultaneously and set up self-fertilization family (sff), continuous backcross seed selection after the same method every year later, until backcross progeny is all the individuality that male sterile and ovum can be educated, obtains violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line.Male sterile line is the core strain of three series mating breeding system; it is prerequisite; the object of setting up violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line is for the production of scallop hybrid seed provides a large amount of male sterile scallop kind shellfishes, thereby realization is convenient, efficient, scale obtains a large amount of unfertilized eggs.
3) expansion of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish is numerous: the present invention is by the crossbreed violet black scallop hybrid of future generation male sterile line scallop of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and maintainer, thereby the expansion that realizes violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish is numerous, and violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish is produced for following violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed.
4) production method of violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed: male sterile line and the restorer kind shellfish of first selecting violet black scallop hybrid according to the ratio of 5:1, and stimulate respectively after accelerating according to a conventional method male sterile line kind shellfish to lay eggs and the restorer kind shellfish ejaculation of laying eggs, again the smart ovum mixed liquor of this restorer is obtained to the seminal fluid of restorer with 500 order silk cover filterings, the seminal fluid of restorer is added in spawning pond and stirred, and add the amount of sperm to have 5-6 sperm to be advisable around with each ovum, finally after hatching, obtain violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed according to a conventional method.
Male sterile line construction method of the present invention is also applied to the breeding that the Argopecten such as purple black scallop hybrid (filial generation of purple scallop ovum and Gulf of Mexico scallop sperm), extra large purple scallop hybrid (filial generation of bay scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm) and purple extra large scallop hybrid (filial generation of purple scallop ovum and bay scallop sperm) belong to scallop hybrid, and is applied to the large-scale method for producing of setting up these scallop hybrid commodity seeds.
Method of the present invention is also applied to the interspecific cross breeding of other hermaphroditism type scallops, and for example Pecten belongs to the interspecific cross of scallop, and basic skills of the present invention is also applicable to the interspecific cross breeding of other hermaphroditism type invertebrates.
The violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that the present invention builds is set up first in the animal kingdom, is core and the prerequisite of animal three series mating breeding system, should belong to the important breakthrough in animal breeding technology.The present invention has effectively overcome autogamous obstacle in hermaphroditism scallop crossover process; realize low cost and scale and obtained filial generation completely; therefore can make full use of hybrid vigour; make cultivated violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed there is the characteristic of purple scallop and Gulf of Mexico scallop simultaneously; aspect growth, Individual Size and temperature tolerance, there is significant advantage than Gulf of Mexico scallop; therefore can be in southern sea area as the marine sites such as Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian successfully cultivate, and improve more than 45% when the comparable Gulf of Mexico of annual production scallop.
Embodiment
The present invention has built violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line first, and has set up the method with male sterile line large-scale production violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish and violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed, and concrete steps are as follows:
Embodiment 1
1) breeding of the screening of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile individuality and male parent thereof: First Year is selected 50 sexual gland fully-developed Gulf of Mexico scallops and 50 purple scallops, dry in the shade stimulation was placed on each scallop in the independent container that adds in advance 23 DEG C of seawater it is laid eggs after 30 minutes, ejaculation, collect separately the ovum of each Gulf of Mexico scallop and sperm and the ovum of each purple scallop, in the ovum suspension of each Gulf of Mexico scallop, add the seminal fluid from single purple scallop on a small quantity, stirring mixes smart ovum, micro-Microscopic observation makes each ovum have 5-6 sperm around, and fertilized egg is placed under dark surrounds and is hatched, obtain violet black hybridization first filial generation family.By at least 20 such hybridization familys of said method foundation, to mix fertilization for smart purple scallop essence ovum simultaneously, set up the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of respective numbers, after carrying out larvae cultivation, keep a full stand of seedings and form according to conventional Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds method, for the screening of male sterile individuality.
2) seed selection of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line: Second Year is hybridized violet black after the family accelerating of first filial generation spring, select 50 male sterile individualities that proterties is good, with conventional purple scallop lay eggs abductive approach stimulate lay eggs, be fertilized with the sperm of the purple scallop of its male parent respectively, collect normal fertilization, the fertilized egg of growing is set up the family that backcrosses, collect normal fertilization, the fertilized egg of growing is set up the family that backcrosses, to provide the purple scallop of sperm from numerous self-fertilization family (sff) of setting up simultaneously, set up at least 20 backcross family and corresponding purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff)s carry out larvae cultivation according to conventional purple Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds method, keep a full stand of seedings, form, the 3rd year spring, after the family that will backcross and purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) accelerating, select 50 male sterile individualities that backcross in family that proterties is good, backcross with self progeny's sperm of the purple scallop of its male parent, collect the fertilized egg continuation of normal fertilization, growth and set up the family that backcrosses, continue to breed the self-fertilization family (sff) of purple scallop simultaneously, select to set up backcross family and the corresponding purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) thereof that more than 20 proterties is good, the male sterile scallop that later annual selection traits is after the same method good and the self-fertilization family (sff) of the purple scallop of its male parent backcross, until all individualities of backcross progeny all show as, proterties is good, male sterile and ovum can be educated, and obtains violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line.
3) expanding propagation method of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish: expand numerous violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line scallop with violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and the hybridization of maintainer kind shellfish every year, numerous restorer is expanded in the selfing of purple Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds method routinely simultaneously.
4) production method of violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed: select after violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and restorer kind shellfish accelerating according to the ratio of 5:1 when grow seedlings spring, lay eggs spawning pond moderate stimulation violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish, in bucket moderate stimulation restorer kind shellfish ejaculation, and obtain the purple scallop seminal fluid of restorer that does not contain ovum with 500 order silk cover filterings; The seminal fluid of restorer is evenly splashed and stirred in spawning pond and immediately, and fertilization situation is examined under a microscope in sampling at any time, and seminal fluid addition has 5-6 sperm to be advisable around with each ovum; Fertilized egg is hatched according to conventional method, obtains violet black scallop hybrid business seed after growth.
Embodiment 2
Within 2011, utilize the purple scallop of introducing and the Gulf of Mexico scallop of taking from Zhanjiang, cultivate altogether each 1 of interspecific cross first filial generation positive crossing and negative crossing family.Through actual measurement, the average shell high of violet black scallop hybrid (Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm) first filial generation is 52.22 millimeters, body weight is 25.49 grams, post weighs 2.19 grams, and the scallop average shell in the Gulf of Mexico high of the cultivation same period is 42.02 millimeters, and body weight is 14.80 grams, post is heavily 1.13 grams, violet black hybridization first filial generation improves 24.3% than the Gulf of Mexico scallop shell of the same period is high, and body weight improves approximately 72.2%, and post is brought up again high by 93.8%.Spring in 2012, by the scallop of therefrom selecting individual great Qie Jinci district to grow after the scallop accelerating of above-mentioned hybridization first filial generation, after drying in the shade 30 minutes, scallop being placed in to the container moderate stimulation that fills 23 degree seawater lays eggs, with the sperm insemination of single purple scallop, cultivate 3 of the familys of backcrossing of first filial generation violet black scallop hybrid and purple scallop.Find after accelerating that 2 familys show as hermaphroditism in spring in 2013, in another family, most of individuality shows as male sterile.
Continue the above-mentioned male sterile individual sperm with the purple scallop self progeny of its male parent to backcross, just can obtain offspring for seed selection at the most through a generation is all male sterile line (female parent)-maintainer (male parent) combination that male sterile and ovum can be educated, thereby obtains respectively male sterile line and maintainer.After gonad maturity accelerating, can obtain a large amount of unfertilized ovums with the conventional scallop abductive approach male sterile line scallop of hastening parturition of laying eggs, be used the sperm fertilization of maintainer, just can obtain on a large scale the male sterile line kind shellfish for the production of violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed.
Finally by after the male sterile line kind shellfish gonad maturity accelerating of the violet black scallop hybrid of above-mentioned acquisition, with the conventional a large amount of unfertilized ovums of Gulf of Mexico scallop induced spawning method acquisition, used the sperm fertilization of restorer, the violet black that just can be mass-produced scallop hybrid commodity seed.
Embodiment 3
2014, utilize Gulf of Mexico scallop and purple scallop to build together to have stood 16 of the hybridization first filial generation familys of Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm, and set up the self-fertilization family (sff) for smart purple scallop, according to the method for embodiment 1, male sterile family and corresponding maintainer and the restorer that can in 1-3, select violet black scallop hybrid, realize commercially producing of violet black scallop hybrid seed.
Embodiment 4
The present invention is for the construction and application of purple black scallop hybrid male sterile line
The construction method of the male sterile line that the present invention sets up is also applied to the breeding of purple black scallop hybrid (filial generation of purple scallop ovum and Gulf of Mexico scallop sperm), and is applied to the large-scale method for producing of setting up purple black scallop hybrid commodity seed.
First select purple scallop and the synchronous accelerating of Gulf of Mexico scallop and stimulate lay eggs simultaneously, ejaculation, collect respectively the ovum of purple scallop and sperm and the ovum of Gulf of Mexico scallop, the sperm fertilization of the ovum of purple scallop and Gulf of Mexico scallop is set up to hybridization first filial generation, purple sea family, be used for selecting male sterile individuality, the sperm of Gulf of Mexico scallop and ovum are mixed to fertilization simultaneously, set up Gulf of Mexico scallop self-fertilization family (sff); Second Year is selected male sterile individuality from the family of purple China ink hybridization first filial generation, with sperm and its fertilization of Gulf of Mexico scallop, if the family that backcrosses is set up in fertilized egg normal development, for continuing seed selection male sterile line, the scallop self-fertilization of the male parent Gulf of Mexico is set up to self-fertilization family (sff) simultaneously; Through generation generation selection at the most, in the time that backcross progeny all shows as male sterile, just obtain male sterile line and the corresponding maintainer of purple black scallop hybrid like this.
With the male sterile line ovum of the black scallop hybrid of above-mentioned purple and the hybridization of the sperm of maintainer, can realize efficient, convenient, the purple black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish of large-scale production; With the sperm hybridization of the black scallop hybrid male sterile line of purple kind shellfish and restorer, can realize efficient, convenient, the purple black scallop hybrid seed of large-scale production.
Embodiment 5
The present invention is for the construction and application of purple extra large scallop hybrid male sterile line
The construction method of the male sterile line that the present invention sets up is also applied to purple extra large scallop hybrid (filial generation of purple scallop ovum and bay scallop sperm) breeding, and is applied to the large-scale method for producing of setting up purple extra large scallop hybrid commodity seed.
First select the synchronous accelerating of purple scallop and bay scallop and stimulate lay eggs simultaneously, ejaculation, collect respectively the ovum of purple scallop and the sperm of bay scallop and ovum, the sperm fertilization of the ovum of purple scallop and bay scallop is set up to hybridization first filial generation, purple sea family, be used for selecting male sterile individuality, the sperm of bay scallop and ovum are mixed to fertilization simultaneously, set up bay scallop self-fertilization family (sff); Second Year is selected male sterile individuality from the family of hybridization first filial generation, purple sea, with sperm and its fertilization of bay scallop, if the family that backcrosses is set up in fertilized egg normal development, for continuing seed selection male sterile family, the self-fertilization of male parent bay scallop is set up to self-fertilization family (sff) simultaneously; Through generation generation selection at the most, in the time that backcross progeny all shows as male sterile, just obtain male sterile line and the corresponding maintainer of purple extra large scallop hybrid like this.
With the male sterile line ovum of the extra large scallop hybrid of above-mentioned purple and the hybridization of the sperm of maintainer, can realize efficient, convenient, the purple extra large scallop hybrid male sterile kind shellfish of large-scale production; With the sperm hybridization of the extra large scallop hybrid male sterile of purple kind shellfish and restorer, can realize efficient, convenient, the purple extra large scallop hybrid seed of large-scale production.
Embodiment 6
The present invention is for the construction and application of extra large purple scallop hybrid male sterile line
The construction method of the male sterile line that the present invention sets up is also applied to extra large purple scallop hybrid (filial generation of bay scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm) breeding practice, and is applied to the large-scale method for producing of setting up extra large purple scallop hybrid commodity seed.
First select bay scallop and the synchronous accelerating of purple scallop and stimulate lay eggs simultaneously, ejaculation, collect respectively the ovum of bay scallop and the sperm of purple scallop and ovum, the sperm fertilization of the ovum of bay scallop and purple scallop is set up to purple hybridization first filial generation, sea family, be used for selecting male sterile individuality, the sperm of purple scallop and ovum are mixed to fertilization simultaneously, set up purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff); Second Year is selected male sterile individuality from the family of purple hybridization first filial generation, sea, with sperm and its fertilization of purple scallop, if the family that backcrosses is set up in fertilized egg normal development, for continuing seed selection male sterile family, purple male parent scallop self-fertilization is set up to self-fertilization family (sff) simultaneously; Through generation generation selection at the most, in the time that backcross progeny all shows as male sterile, just obtain male sterile line and the corresponding maintainer thereof of extra large purple scallop hybrid like this.
With the male sterile line ovum of the purple scallop hybrid in above-mentioned sea and the hybridization of the sperm of maintainer, can realize efficient, convenient, the extra large purple scallop hybrid male sterile kind shellfish of large-scale production; With the sperm hybridization of the purple scallop hybrid male sterile in sea kind shellfish and restorer, can realize efficient, convenient, the extra large purple scallop hybrid seed of large-scale production.
Claims (10)
1. a violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line, it is characterized in that, this male sterile line is the sperm that can not produce function, but its ovum energy normal fertilization, growth, and can be by its male sterile characteristic hereditary the scallop hybrid strain to offspring, wherein violet black scallop hybrid is the filial generation of Gulf of Mexico scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm.
2. the construction method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line of claim 1, is characterized in that:
1) breeding of the screening of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile individuality and male parent thereof: first build more than 20 violet black scallop hybrid first filial generation family, set up for the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of smart male parent, for the seed selection of following male sterile line simultaneously;
2) seed selection of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line: Second Year is selected 50 male sterile individualities from the family of above-mentioned violet black scallop hybrid first filial generation, after accelerating, stimulate its ovulation, with the sperm fertilization of defect individual in the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of male parent of this male sterile individuality, fertilized egg foundation of collecting normal development backcrosses family more than 20, will set up self-fertilization family (sff) for smart purple scallop self-fertilization simultaneously; After selecting next year to backcross in family still as male sterile individual 50 acceleratings and stimulating and lay eggs, continue to backcross with the purple scallop self progeny's of the male parent of this male sterile individuality sperm, set up 20 familys that backcross above, will continue selfing for smart purple scallop simultaneously and set up self-fertilization family (sff); Continuous backcross seed selection after the same method every year later, until backcross progeny is all the individuality that male sterile and ovum can be educated, obtains violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line; Meanwhile, can make male sterile line offspring continue to keep the purple scallop self-fertilization family (sff) of male sterile characteristic numerous with conventional Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds method selfing expansion by above-mentioned, obtain the maintainer of this male sterile line.
3) expansion of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish is numerous: the crossbreed violet black scallop hybrid of future generation male sterile line scallop by above-mentioned male sterile line and maintainer, thus it is numerous to realize the expansion of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line.
3. the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line of the claims 1 and claim 2 is applied to large-scale production violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish; with violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and corresponding maintainer hybridization, the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line kind shellfish of future generation that can educate with propagation in scale male sterile and ovum.
4. the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line of the claims 1 and claim 2 is applied to production violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed, with the ovum of violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line and the sperm hybridization of corresponding restorer, obtain violet black scallop hybrid commodity seed.
5. the construction method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that claim 2 is set up is also applied to the breeding of following each scallop hybrid:
(1) the purple China ink scallop hybrid of cultivating with purple scallop ovum and the fertilization of Gulf of Mexico scallop sperm;
(2) the purple sea scallop hybrid of cultivating with purple scallop ovum and the fertilization of bay scallop sperm;
(3) the purple scallop hybrid in sea of cultivating with bay scallop ovum and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm.
6. the application method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that claim 3 and claim 4 are set up is also applied to the breeding of following each scallop hybrid:
(1) the purple China ink scallop hybrid of cultivating with purple scallop ovum and the fertilization of Gulf of Mexico scallop sperm;
(2) the purple sea scallop hybrid of cultivating with purple scallop ovum and the fertilization of bay scallop sperm;
(3) the purple scallop hybrid in sea of cultivating with bay scallop ovum and the fertilization of purple scallop sperm.
7. the construction method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that claim 2 is set up is also applied to other hermaphroditism type scallops, and for example Argopecten genus and Pecten belong to the interspecific cross breeding of scallop.
8. the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line application method that claim 3 and claim 4 are set up is also applied to other hermaphroditism type scallops, and for example Argopecten genus and Pecten belong to the interspecific cross breeding of scallop.
9. the basic construction method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that claim 2 is set up is also applied to the interspecific cross breeding of other hermaphroditism type invertebrates.
10. the application method of the violet black scallop hybrid male sterile line that claim 3 and claim 4 are set up is also applied to the interspecific cross breeding of other hermaphroditism type invertebrates.
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