CN1041847C - Infiltration analogue method for making metal-base composite and porous metal - Google Patents
Infiltration analogue method for making metal-base composite and porous metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041847C CN1041847C CN93111553A CN93111553A CN1041847C CN 1041847 C CN1041847 C CN 1041847C CN 93111553 A CN93111553 A CN 93111553A CN 93111553 A CN93111553 A CN 93111553A CN 1041847 C CN1041847 C CN 1041847C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an infiltration preparing method for making metal-base composite and porous metal, particularly to an infiltration preparing method which is usually used in production for making liquid metal seep into porous filler layers by pressurizing. Because preparation is performed at high temperatures, the seepage law and the technological parameter which influence the quality of products are both difficult to obtain. The present invention selects a proper liquid at room temperature according to the similar principle to fluid flow with a scientific and economical method, and simulates a liquid metal seeping process in a transparent organic glass model containing filler grains, so the seepage law and the optimum technological parameter in actual production are obtained, which has important significance for perfecting the technical process of production, improving the quality of products, and lowering the cost.
Description
The present invention relates to the seepage flow preparation method of metal-base composites and porous metal material.
Metal-base composites and porous metal material are developing novel materials, have obtained increasingly extensive using and paying attention at present in industrial production, have wide development and application prospect.For performance, quality, the yield rate that improves novel material, countries in the world particularly developed country all take much count of the seepage flow preparation research of this class material.Document one: Nobuyuki Mori, Hirofumiand Keisaku ogi:Proceedings of the Second East Asian InternationalFoundry Symposiym.Kitakyushu, Japan.1991; July1-3:100-109; Document two: Mortensen A, MasurMC, Cornie J A and Flemings MC.Matau Trans A, 1989; 20A:2535--47.
The seepage flow preparation method is that METAL HEATING PROCESS is become liquid, infiltrates in the protruded packing granular layer under the impressed pressure effect, treats to obtain after the liquid metal solidification complex body--the metal-base composites of metal and filler particles; This species complex is carried out aftertreatment, remove filler particles, then obtain porous metal.This preparation method, at high temperature carry out because be, in "black box", carry out in other words conj.or perhaps, so the seepage flow phenomenon of liquid metal and rule in the preparation process (for example distribution and the Changing Pattern thereof of propelling situation, seepage velocity and the pressure of liquid level) and processing parameter (for example size of the temperature of the required control of liquid metal, impressed pressure and mode thereof, seepage flow filling time etc.) all are difficult for observation and obtain.Do not understand these situations, just be difficult for correctly, reasonably designing preparation facilities, technological process and proposition processing parameter, thereby influence the quality and the yield rate of material product.With the impressed pressure is example, if impressed pressure is too small, because solidifying of liquid metal seepage flow forward position will cause filling the type failure; If excessive, can make filler particles by local compacting or fragmentation, local non-uniform areas appears in product, and the inner quality of material is descended; If excessive, even in preparation process, cause liquid metal splash from the slit of die cavity to be come out sometimes, cause security incident.At present, some processing parameters are at high temperature, determine after test of many times in preparation in kind (prototype), and this is very time-consuming, effort, expense material, expensive; And because liquid towards metal flow event has little understanding, so test has certain blindness, determined processing parameter is not necessarily best.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point in the above-mentioned materials preparation process, analogy method with science, economy, acquisition is the required important seepage flow phenomenon and rule and the optimal processing parameter of knowing that influence quality product and cost in actual production, for improving production process, improve the quality of products, reduce cost, the foundation of science is provided, and guide production practice.Up to now, do not see related genera at home and abroad as yet and be similar to report of the present invention.
Influencing the factor of seepage flow preparation, mainly is liquid metal temperature and filler particles size, shape, preheating temperature, and impressed pressure size and pressuring method (upwards seepage flow or seepage flow downwards) thereof.The present invention is to the various combination situation of above-mentioned factor, according to the fluid flow similarity principle, at room temperature select liquid in the model for use, in the transparent organic glass model of filler particles is housed, simulate the liquid metal flow event in the preparation material object (prototype) of metal-base composites and porous metal, obtained in actual production, to influence important seepage flow phenomenon and the rule and the optimal processing parameter of quality product and cost.
The Sihe final condition is similar mutually for die cavity geometrical shape in die cavity in the model of the present invention and the prototype.
Filler particles in the model of the present invention, liquid select for use condition as follows:
Identical in the filler particle size of selecting for use in the model, shape, porosity, wettability and the prototype; For the particle of mm level size, the wettability in the model between liquid and the filler particles, for the wettability between liquid metal in the prototype and the preheating filler particles, its differences is very little, can ignore.
The liquid of selecting for use in the model, at room temperature its viscosity is identical with the viscosity of liquid metal in the prototype; If the temperature of liquid metal changes in the prototype, be reflected on its viscosity if change, at room temperature liquid and viscosity thereof also must change in the model, still need make the liquid in the model identical with liquid metal viscosity in the prototype.
Filler particles in the model need not preheat, and its temperature is the temperature (room temperature) of liquid in the model.Filler particles in the prototype need preheat, because between liquid metal and the filler particles heat exchange is arranged.The filler particles preheating temperature is more than critical preheating temperature, even liquid metal all gets final product more than the temperature of solidification of this metal when filling type.Because of liquid metal Seepage flow time very short (2～3 seconds), heat exchange can be ignored again, can think that under filler particles preheating situation, liquid metal temperature in flow event is constant basically, and promptly its viscosity is constant basically, the conditional likelihood of model and prototype.
Impressed pressure mode in the model of the present invention is identical with impressed pressure mode in the prototype.
Flowing in model of the present invention and the prototype, real is unsteady flow, the steady flow that all is reduced to is at short notice handled.
Under above-mentioned selected parameter and simulated condition, model experiment has shown flow phenomenon, has obtained distribution and the Changing Pattern and the optimal processing parameter of seepage velocity and pressure.According to the fluid flow similarity principle, gained result in the model can be converted to prototype, obtain seepage flow phenomenon and the rule and the optimal processing parameter of liquid metal in the prototype, instruct and be applied to production practice.Result in model experiment gained result and the prototype has good consistence.
The invention has the advantages that, overcome the weak point in the material seepage flow preparation method commonly used aborning at present, can than original method more science obtain the required important seepage flow phenomenon and rule and the optimal processing parameter of knowing that influence quality product and cost in actual production again economically, for improving production process, improve the quality of products and reduce cost, the foundation of science is provided, and guides production practice.Obviously, this has positive effect and important and practical meanings to boosting productivity and economic benefit.
Fig. 1 is a percolation model device synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the impressed pressure Controlling System synoptic diagram in the model.
Fig. 3 is the instantaneous pressure measurement system schematic of the seepage flow in the model.
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of liquid level displacement (1) and time (t) in the model.
Fig. 5 is seepage flow pressure (p) and the relation curve of time (t) in the mould form.
Embodiments of the invention are as follows:
The infiltration process process that the present invention has selected to prepare with low pressure seepage flow porous metal aluminium is a simulated object.This simulation is made up of the transparent organic glass percolation model device that filler particles is housed and three parts of impressed pressure Controlling System and the instantaneous pressure measurement of seepage flow system.
Be provided with weight (1), depression bar and pressing plate (2), transmitter (3), die cavity (4), filler particles (5), inlet mouth (6), epicoele flange (7), tank cover plate (8), sink flange (9), wire netting (10), riser pipe (11), seepage flow liquid (12), tank (13), water shoot (14) in the percolation model device; Die cavity in the model and the die cavity in the prototype are right cylinder, and the final condition of die cavity import, outlet is similar; Filler particles is spherical in the model, median size d=2.5mm, filler porosity n=32.5% is all identical with prototype.The liquid of selecting for use in the model is water, and the viscosity number of liquid metal aluminium in the time of 700 ℃ is identical in viscosity at room temperature and the prototype.Filler particles need not preheat in the model, and its temperature is the temperature (room temperature) of water; The preheating temperature of filler particles is 300 ℃ in the prototype more than critical preheating temperature, when making liquid metal fill type all more than the temperature of solidification of liquid metal aluminium, can think that liquid metal aluminium temperature in flow event is constant basically, be that its viscosity is also constant basically, the conditional likelihood of model and prototype.Air pressure in the gas-holder in model and the prototype is respectively 9.8kPa, 19.6kPa, four kinds of situations of 29.4kPa, 39.2kPa, and pressuring method is identical, is upwards seepage flow.Transient Flow in model and the prototype, the steady flow that all is reduced to is at short notice handled.
According to the model experiment result, according to the fluid flow similarity principle, liquid metal seepage flow phenomenon, rule and the optimal processing parameter that can obtain in the preparation (prototype) in kind are as follows.
1. in the flow event, liquid level and die cavity wall are perpendicular, and advance upward along vertical.
2. propulsive displacement of liquid level (1) and time (t) relation, available mathematical expression is represented and is calculated.Curve among Fig. 4 is respectively liquid level displacement and the time relation curve of impressed pressure under 9.8kPa, 19.6kPa, 29.4kPa, 39.2kPa situation.
3. in flow event, seepage flow pressure increases gradually, and is linear distribution along short transverse, and available mathematical expression is represented and calculated.Curve among Fig. 5 be the transmitter of impressed pressure under the 9.8kPa situation 1., 2., 3., 4., 5. seepage flow pressure and time relation curve in the measured die cavity.The existence of seepage flow pressure reduction makes filler particles generation relative movement, is the one of the main reasons that causes the smooth and inhomogeneous defective of the nonmetal composition of metal-base composites of porous metal aluminium through hole, and it is relative to manage not make filler particles to take place in process of production as far as possible.
4. if the steady flow that unsteady flow is reduced to is at short notice handled, then represent and calculate, be non linear fluid flow through porous medium corresponding to the reynolds number Re of t sometime and resistance coefficient λ and all available mathematical expression of power loss.
5. when impressed pressure changes near the gas-holder internal gas pressure is 39.2kPa, not obvious for the effect of shortening filling time, consider that from economy, secure context it is that 39.2kPa is advisable that actual production process can be selected the gas-holder internal gas pressure.
Simulated experiment gained result and the middle gained result of preparation (prototype) in kind have good consistence.
Claims (2)
1. the infiltration analogue method for making of metal-base composites and porous metal, it is characterized in that: at room temperature select the liquid in the model for use, in the transparent organic glass model of filler particles is housed, the liquid metal flow event in simulation metal-base composites and the porous metal preparation (prototype) in kind; Similar in die cavity geometrical shape in the model, final condition and the prototype; In the model viscosity of the shape of filler particles, size, porosity, wettability and liquid and impressed pressure mode all with prototype in identical; The temperature of filler particles is the temperature of liquid in the model.
2. the infiltration analogue method for making of metal-base composites according to claim 1 and porous metal is characterized in that the filler particles for mm level size, and the wettability in the model between liquid and filler particles can be ignored.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN93111553A CN1041847C (en) | 1993-06-19 | 1993-06-19 | Infiltration analogue method for making metal-base composite and porous metal |
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| CN93111553A CN1041847C (en) | 1993-06-19 | 1993-06-19 | Infiltration analogue method for making metal-base composite and porous metal |
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| CN1096544A CN1096544A (en) | 1994-12-21 |
| CN1041847C true CN1041847C (en) | 1999-01-27 |
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| CN100427623C (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-22 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing polymer/foam zinc-aluminium alloy composite material |
| CN107695322B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-07-05 | 张勇 | A kind of device and preparation method thereof preparing foamed aluminium or foam copper |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1062768A (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-15 | 江苏工学院 | A kind of method of making porous metal |
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| CN1062768A (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-15 | 江苏工学院 | A kind of method of making porous metal |
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