CN104181102A - Experimental device and experimental method of impact drawing-twisting load - Google Patents
Experimental device and experimental method of impact drawing-twisting load Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181102A CN104181102A CN201410387345.7A CN201410387345A CN104181102A CN 104181102 A CN104181102 A CN 104181102A CN 201410387345 A CN201410387345 A CN 201410387345A CN 104181102 A CN104181102 A CN 104181102A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and an experimental method of impact drawing-twisting load, belonging to the field of impact dynamics experiments. The experimental device comprises a drop hammer, a test piece, an impact force transfer device, a loading disc, a measuring device and a test piece fixing device; the drop hammer drops down to impact a transmission target, the transmission target moves on a track after being impacted, a base is provided with a prestress loading device, the prestress is applied to an impact target through an adjusting threaded rod, two sides of the impact target are respectively connected to the loading disc through steel wire ropes, each steel wire rope is provided with a force sensor, the disc transfers the drawing force and twisting force to a reinforcing steel bar of the test piece, and a metal strain gauge is attached inside the reinforcing steel bar of the test piece and used for measuring the stress distribution along the anchoring length of the reinforcing steel bar. According to the experimental device and the experimental method, the bond stress distribution of a reinforcing steel bar concrete anchoring reinforcing steel bar under the drawing and twisting load effects of the impact is researched, and a powerful foundation is set for researching a constitutive relation of anchoring bond slip under the effect of complicated stress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision and experimental technique that tension-torsion loads that impact, be specifically related to a kind of experimental provision and experimental technique that impacts the solid bond stress of reinforced concrete anchors under tension-torsion load action, belong to shock dynamics experiment field.
Background technology
Reinforcing bar and concrete bonding are the interactions of a kind of complexity between reinforcing bar and peripheral concrete, be the prerequisite that composite component that bi-material forms is able to work, be generally defined as bond stress along the shear stress producing on reinforcing bar and concrete surface afterwards by stressed reinforced concrete.The reinforced concrete anchors doing at present adheres knot stress analysis experimental study and is roughly divided into simple drawing experiment, dynamically drawing experiment and impact drawing experiment, and apply the above-mentioned experiment of confined pressure, almost do not have and impact tension-torsion experiment, for impacting under tension-torsion load, the experimental data of reinforced concrete bond stress distribution quite lacks.In fact, the destruction of a lot of reinforced concrete structures is to be all subject to suddenly impact loading, stress is very complicated, to carry out finite element analysis to these structures, just seem particularly important of the dynamic adhesion stress distribution of reinforced concrete, and lay the foundation for the constitutive relation of research anchoring bond slippage under complex stress effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of experimental provision and experimental technique that impacts tension-torsion, by two kinds of load mode combinations, application is dropped hammer and is obtained impact load, and be translated into tensile impact power and impact twisting resistance, in order to the anchor bar of Study on Steel reinforced concrete being subject to tensile impact and impacting the dynamic adhesion performance while reversing.
The invention provides a kind of experimental provision that tension-torsion loads that impacts, it is characterized in that: it comprises drops hammer, test specimen, impact load transfer device, loads disk, measurement mechanism, test piece fixing device, described dropping hammer as impact mass piece, vertically does the movement of falling object, described test specimen is the reinforced concrete test specimen of rectangular structure, and test specimen center is provided with reinforcing bar, described impact load transfer device comprises impact target, guide rail, wire rope, fixed pulley, drop hammer and apply dynamic load on impact target, impact target moves on upright guide rail, impact target both sides are respectively equipped with columniform cantilever lever, the end of cantilever lever is provided with fan groove, guide rail both sides are provided with adjustment hole, cantilever lever passes from adjustment hole, cantilever lever can move up and down along adjustment hole, base is provided with prestress charger, prestress charger comprises iron plate and screw, threaded engagement is passed through in the hole at screw and iron plate center, the end of screw bottom contact cantilever lever, by set screw by prestress application to impact target cantilever lever, guide rail is fixed on base, fixed pulley is fixed on pedestal, described loading disk comprises wheel disc, the axis of rolling, the first rolling bearing, the second rolling bearing, dish core, wheel disc and the axis of rolling are structure as a whole, the axis of rolling is coaxial with wheel disc, wheel disc, the axis of rolling, dish core rotate around rolling bearing, rolling bearing outside is fixed on pedestal, the first wire rope is walked around the first fixed pulley the cantilever lever of impact target one side is connected with loading disk dish core, second wire rope one end connects the cantilever lever of impact target opposite side, and the other end walks around the second fixed pulley and the 3rd fixed pulley is wound around and is connected on the wheel disc that loads disk, near the first wire rope one side be the first rolling bearing, the first rolling bearing is two-way bearing, the moving radially and axially move forward of restriction wheel disc, the second rolling bearing, near reinforcing bar one side, is controlled the radial motion of wheel disc, dish core moves vertically or rotates around axle center in the axis of rolling, described measurement mechanism comprises power sensor, metal strain plate sensor, between the wheel disc of the 3rd fixed pulley and loading disk, the first power sensor is set, between dish core and test specimen reinforcing bar, be provided with the second power sensor, be used for measuring the stress distribution along anchorage length of steel bar at the inner metal clad strain-ga(u)ge transducer of reinforcing bar of test specimen, described test piece fixing device comprises removable base plate and side plate and is fixed on the front console on pedestal, front console center is provided with circular hole, the dead in line of the center line of the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar and front end face plate hole and dish core, base plate and pedestal contact position are provided with studdle, studdle is welded on base plate, and side plate is bolted on base plate.
In such scheme, described impact target is that piston type contacts with guide rail, the rectangular structure that guide rail is boring, and wire rope is fixed on the cantilever lever of impact target both sides, impact target operation altitude range is 0-5cm, and impact target traffic direction on guide rail falls direction and parallels with dropping hammer.
In such scheme, the cylinder plate core of described loading disk moves vertically or rotates around axle center in the axis of rolling; Described dish core is connected with the first wire rope, and dish core, along axis of rolling axially-movable, transmits tensile impact power; Described dish core is provided with two ribs, axis of rolling inwall is provided with two chutes, rib on dish core coordinates with the chute on the axis of rolling, the rotation of band Moving plate core, the wheel disc of described loading disk is connected with the second wire rope, the second rope belt runner disc rotation, the rotation of wheel disc band Moving plate core, transmits and impacts twisting resistance; Described tensile impact power and impact twisting resistance by fixed pulley and wire rope transfers to the reinforcing bar of test specimen.
In such scheme, distance between height and the biside plate of described base plate regulates by bolt, according to the size of test specimen, by the height of bolt regulating base board, regulate again two distances between side plate to make the axis of the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar and the center line of front end face plate hole and dish core on same straight line, the sidewall contact of side plate and test specimen, test specimen can not move.
In such scheme, the material of described impact mass piece, guide rail, impact target, test specimen fixed case, fixed pulley, wheel disc and dish core is plow-steel, and described wire rope twists into by having high-intensity finer wire.
In such scheme, the iron plate of described prestress charger is fixed on base, and iron plate is that top is that arc plate, below are the n shape structure of two rectangular parallelepiped plates; The arc plate center inside of iron plate is provided with hole, is provided with screw thread in hole, and screw inserts in iron plate hole from iron plate top, coordinates with the screw thread in hole; Iron plate is above cantilever lever; Described prestress charger acts on respectively the both sides of impact target, by the screw that regulates upper end, prestressed size is set.
The experimental technique that the invention provides a kind of above-mentioned experimental provision, comprises the following steps:
(1) test specimen is arranged in test specimen pickup groove, the height of regulating base board makes the axis of reinforcing bar parallel with the axis of dish core, the side plate of described test piece fixing device is close to test specimen side and is fixed on base plate, reinforcing bar welds together with dish core, dish core is connected with wire rope, wire rope and dish are provided with the second power sensor between core, between wheel disc and the 3rd fixed pulley, the first power sensor are set, research be that dynamic tension-torsion load acts on the bond stress distribution of lower anchor bar in concrete simultaneously;
(2) impact mass piece impacts on impact target with certain altitude freely falling body, wire rope converts the dynamic pressure load on impact target dynamic tensile load to and dynamically reverses moment load and is applied on reinforcing bar, make the reinforcing bar in reinforced concrete be reversed fast drawing, measure respectively power, the moment of flexure of test specimen on reinforcing bar of drawing reinforcing bar by power sensor and metal strain plate sensor, with reinforcing bar strain, thereby obtain the bond stress distribution of anchor bar in concrete under dynamic tension-torsion load action;
(3) quality of regulation piece release altitude, repeats above-mentioned steps, can study the impact of LOADING RATES on reinforced concrete dynamic adhesion stress distribution.
Of the present invention
beneficial effect:
The present invention utilizes impact target, wire rope and fixed pulley, the dynamic impulsion pressure that mass freely falling body is acted on impact target converts the dynamic pulling capacity and the dynamic twisting resistance that are applied on reinforcement in concrete to, thereby realize the dynamic impulsion tension-torsion experiment of reinforced concrete, realized the ease of Use impacting in conjunction with dropping hammer;
The present invention has designed the impact pulling capacity that forms under Impact Load and the experimental technique that impacts twisting resistance and be combined first, the ingehious design that loads disk is delivered to pulling capacity and twisting resistance on reinforcing bar simultaneously, synchronism when having ensured to load, in this and reality, the stress of reinforced concrete is more close.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of experimental provision of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view (without dropping hammer) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the left view (without dropping hammer) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that the A of test piece fixing device in Fig. 1 is to view (broken section).
in figure1 for dropping hammer, 2 is impact target, 3 is guide rail, 4 is adjustment hole, 5 is cantilever lever, 6 is screw, 7 is iron plate, 8 is the first fixed pulley, 9 is the second fixed pulley, 10 is the 3rd fixed pulley, 11 is the first wire rope, 12 is the second wire rope, 13 is wheel disc, 14 is dish core, 15 is the first rolling bearing, 16 is the second rolling bearing, 17 is the first power sensor, 18 is the second power sensor, 19 is metal strain plate sensor, 20 is reinforced concrete test specimen, 21 is reinforcing bar, 22 is front console, 23 is base plate, 24 is side plate, 25 is studdle, 26 is side plate set bolt, 27 is bolt adjustment hole, 28 is pedestal, 29 is base.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but be not limited to following examples.
Embodiment:
First contrast the structure of Fig. 1 ~ 3 explanation experimental provision of the present invention:
Impact the experimental provision that tension-torsion loads, it comprises drops hammer, test specimen, impact load transfer device, loads disk, measurement mechanism, test piece fixing device;
Describedly drop hammer 1 for impact mass piece, vertically do the movement of falling object;
Described test specimen is the reinforced concrete test specimen 20 of rectangular structure, and test specimen center is provided with reinforcing bar 21;
Described impact load transfer device comprises impact target 2, guide rail 3, wire rope, fixed pulley, and fixed pulley comprises the first fixed pulley 8, the second fixed pulley 9, the 3rd fixed pulley 10, and wire rope comprises the first wire rope 11 and the second wire rope 12, drop hammer and 1 apply dynamic load on impact target 2, impact target 2 moves on upright guide rail 3, impact target 2 both sides are respectively equipped with columniform cantilever lever 5, the end of cantilever lever 5 is provided with fan groove, guide rail 3 both sides are provided with adjustment hole 4, cantilever lever 5 passes from adjustment hole 4, cantilever lever 5 can move up and down along adjustment hole 4, base 29 is provided with prestress charger, prestress charger comprises iron plate 7 and screw 6, screw 6 passes through threaded engagement with the hole at iron plate 7 centers, the end fan groove of cantilever lever 5 is pushed down in screw 6 bottoms, upper and lower displacement by set screw 6 by prestress application to impact target cantilever lever 5, guide rail 3 is fixed on base 29, fixed pulley is fixed on pedestal 28,
Described loading disk comprises wheel disc 13, the axis of rolling, the first rolling bearing 15, the second rolling bearing 16, dish core 14, wheel disc and the axis of rolling are structure as a whole, and the axis of rolling is coaxial with wheel disc, wheel disc 13, the axis of rolling, dish core 14 rotates around rolling bearing, rolling bearing outside is fixed on pedestal 28, the first wire rope 11 is walked around the first fixed pulley 8 cantilever lever of impact target 2 one sides is connected with loading disk dish core 14, second wire rope 12 one end connect the cantilever lever of impact target 2 opposite sides, the other end walks around the second fixed pulley 9 and the 3rd fixed pulley 10 is wound around and is connected on the wheel disc 13 that loads disk, near the first wire rope 11 1 sides are first rolling bearings 15, the first rolling bearing 15 is two-way bearings, the first has stoped dish core axially moved forward by the tensile force hour wheel hair updo life of the first wire rope, it two is to move radially while stoping wheel disc to be subject to the twisting resistance of the second wire rope, the second rolling bearing 16, near reinforcing bar 21 1 sides, is controlled the radial motion of wheel disc, dish core moves vertically or rotates around axle center in the axis of rolling,
Described measurement mechanism comprises power sensor, metal strain plate sensor, between the wheel disc 13 of the 3rd fixed pulley 10 and loading disk, the first power sensor 17 is set, between dish core 14 and test specimen reinforcing bar 21, be provided with the second power sensor 18, at the inner metal clad strain-ga(u)ge transducer 19 of reinforcing bar 21 of test specimen, for measuring the stress distribution along anchorage length of steel bar;
Described test piece fixing device comprises removable base plate 23 and side plate 24 and is fixed on the front console 22 on pedestal, front console 22 centers are provided with circular hole, test specimen is the reinforced concrete test specimen 20 of cylindrical structure, test specimen center is reinforcing bar 21, the dead in line of the center line in the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar 21 and front console 22 holes and dish core 14, base plate 23 is provided with studdle 25 with pedestal 28 contact positions, studdle 25 is welded on base plate 23, side plate 24 is angle steel, is provided with side plate set bolt 26 is connected with base plate 23 in side plate 24 angle steel corners.
In above-mentioned experimental provision, described impact target 2 and guide rail 3 contact for piston type, the rectangular structure that guide rail 3 is boring, wire rope is fixed on the cantilever lever 5 of impact target 2 both sides, it is 0-5cm that impact target 2 moves altitude range, and impact target 2 traffic direction on guide rail 31 falls direction and parallels with dropping hammer.
Described loading disk cylinder plate core 14 is connected with the first wire rope 11, and dish core 14, along axis of rolling axially-movable, transmits impact tension; Described dish core 14 is provided with two ribs, and axis of rolling inwall is provided with two chutes, and the rib on dish core 14 coordinates with the chute on the axis of rolling, the rotation of band Moving plate core, wheel disc 13 is connected with the second wire rope 14, the rotation of rotating band Moving plate core, form impulsive torque, transmit and impact twisting resistance; Described tensile impact power and impact twisting resistance by fixed pulley and wire rope transfers to the reinforcing bar of test specimen.Described the first power sensor 17 is measured and is impacted twisting resistance, and the second power sensor 18 is measured tensile impact power.
Distance between the height of described base plate 23 and biside plate 24 regulates by bolt, concrete operation method is: according to the size of test specimen, by the upper and lower displacement of backplanes support screw rod 25 regulating base boards, side plate 24 is angle steel, be provided with bolt adjustment hole 27 in base plate 23 and biside plate 24 contact positions, side plate set bolt 26 can moving left and right at bolt adjustment hole 27, by the distance between the position-adjustable biside plate 24 of mobile side plate set bolt 26, make the axis of the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar 21 and the center line in front console 22 holes and dish core 14 on same straight line, the sidewall contact of side plate and test specimen, test specimen can not move.
The material of described impact mass piece, guide rail, impact target, test specimen fixed case, fixed pulley, wheel disc and dish core is plow-steel, and described wire rope twists into by having high-intensity finer wire.
The iron plate of described prestress charger is fixed on base, and iron plate 7 is that top is that arc plate, below are the n shape structure of two rectangular parallelepiped plates; The arc plate center inside of iron plate 7 is provided with hole, is provided with screw thread in hole, and screw 6 inserts in iron plate hole from iron plate 7 tops, coordinates with the screw thread in hole; Iron plate 7 is above cantilever lever 5; Described prestress charger acts on respectively the both sides of impact target cantilever lever, and screw 6 contacts with the plane place of cantilever lever 5 end fan grooves, by set screw 6, prestressed size is set.
The following describes the experimental technique of said apparatus:
The experimental technique of above-mentioned impact tension-torsion loading experimental apparatus, comprises the following steps:
(1) test specimen is arranged in test specimen pickup groove, the height of regulating base board makes the axis of reinforcing bar parallel with the axis of dish core, the side plate of described test piece fixing device is close to test specimen side and is fixed on base plate, reinforcing bar welds together with dish core, dish core is connected with wire rope, wire rope and dish are provided with the second power sensor between core, between wheel disc and the 3rd fixed pulley, the first power sensor are set, research be that dynamic tension-torsion load acts on the bond stress distribution of lower anchor bar in concrete simultaneously; Concrete steps are:
A, reinforced concrete test specimen 20 is put into test specimen pickup groove, adjust the height of backplanes support screw rod 25, make reinforcing bar 21 through test specimen pickup groove front console 22Kong center, and the axis of reinforcing bar is parallel with the axis of dish core, again side plate 24 is abutted against on test specimen two sides, by fastening side plate set bolt 26;
B, by reinforcing bar 21 with dish core 14 be connected;
The height of the screw 6 of c, adjustment prestress charger, applies prestress, and the first wire rope 11 and the second wire rope 12 are tightened.
(2) impact mass piece impacts on impact target with certain altitude freely falling body, wire rope converts the dynamic pressure load on impact target dynamic tensile load to and dynamically reverses moment load and is applied on reinforcing bar, make the reinforcing bar in reinforced concrete be reversed fast drawing, measure respectively power, the moment of flexure of test specimen on reinforcing bar of drawing reinforcing bar by power sensor and metal strain plate sensor, with reinforcing bar strain, thereby obtain the bond stress distribution of anchor bar in concrete under dynamic tension-torsion load action; Concrete steps are:
D, mention and drop hammer 1 to specified altitude assignment;
Whether e, inspection power sensor connect normally, and record prestress value;
F, discharge drop hammer 1 complete impact load;
The data of g, derivation power sensor and metal strain plate sensor.
(3) quality of regulation piece release altitude, repeats above-mentioned steps, can study the impact of LOADING RATES on reinforced concrete dynamic adhesion stress distribution.Repeat above-mentioned steps a ~ g and complete experiment.
Claims (7)
1. impact the experimental provision that tension-torsion loads, it is characterized in that: it comprises drops hammer, test specimen, impact load transfer device, loads disk, measurement mechanism, test piece fixing device;
Described dropping hammer as impact mass piece, vertically does the movement of falling object;
Described test specimen is the reinforced concrete test specimen of rectangular structure, and test specimen center is provided with reinforcing bar;
Described impact load transfer device comprises impact target, guide rail, wire rope, fixed pulley, drop hammer and apply dynamic load on impact target, impact target moves on upright guide rail, impact target both sides are respectively equipped with columniform cantilever lever, the end of cantilever lever is provided with fan groove, guide rail both sides are provided with adjustment hole, cantilever lever passes from adjustment hole, cantilever lever can move up and down along adjustment hole, base is provided with prestress charger, prestress charger comprises iron plate and screw, threaded engagement is passed through in the hole at screw and iron plate center, the end of screw bottom contact cantilever lever, by set screw by prestress application to impact target cantilever lever, guide rail is fixed on base, fixed pulley is fixed on pedestal,
Described loading disk comprises wheel disc, the axis of rolling, the first rolling bearing, the second rolling bearing, dish core, wheel disc and the axis of rolling are structure as a whole, the axis of rolling is coaxial with wheel disc, wheel disc, the axis of rolling, dish core rotate around rolling bearing, rolling bearing outside is fixed on pedestal, the first wire rope is walked around the first fixed pulley the cantilever lever of impact target one side is connected with loading disk dish core, second wire rope one end connects the cantilever lever of impact target opposite side, and the other end walks around the second fixed pulley and the 3rd fixed pulley is wound around and is connected on the wheel disc that loads disk; Near the first wire rope one side be the first rolling bearing, the first rolling bearing is two-way bearing, the moving radially and axially move forward of restriction wheel disc, the second rolling bearing, near reinforcing bar one side, is controlled the radial motion of wheel disc; Dish core moves vertically or rotates around axle center in the axis of rolling;
Described measurement mechanism comprises power sensor, metal strain plate sensor, between the wheel disc of the 3rd fixed pulley and loading disk, the first power sensor is set, between dish core and test specimen reinforcing bar, be provided with the second power sensor, be used for measuring the stress distribution along anchorage length of steel bar at the inner metal clad strain-ga(u)ge transducer of reinforcing bar of test specimen;
Described test piece fixing device comprises removable base plate and side plate and is fixed on the front console on pedestal, front console center is provided with circular hole, the dead in line of the center line of the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar and front end face plate hole and dish core, base plate and pedestal contact position are provided with studdle, studdle is welded on base plate, and side plate is bolted on base plate.
2. the experimental provision that impact tension-torsion according to claim 1 loads, it is characterized in that: described impact target is that piston type contacts with guide rail, guide rail is the rectangular structure of boring, wire rope is fixed on the cantilever lever of impact target both sides, impact target operation altitude range is 0-5cm, and impact target traffic direction on guide rail falls direction and parallels with dropping hammer.
3. the experimental provision that impact tension-torsion according to claim 1 loads, is characterized in that: described dish core is connected with the first wire rope, and dish core, along axis of rolling axially-movable, transmits tensile impact power; Described dish core is provided with two ribs, and axis of rolling inwall is provided with two chutes, and the rib on dish core coordinates with the chute on the axis of rolling, the rotation of band Moving plate core, and the wheel disc of described loading disk is connected with the second wire rope, transmits and impacts twisting resistance; Described tensile impact power and impact twisting resistance by fixed pulley and wire rope transfers to the reinforcing bar of test specimen.
4. the experimental provision that impact tension-torsion according to claim 1 loads, it is characterized in that: the distance between height and the biside plate of described base plate regulates by bolt, according to the size of test specimen, by the height of studdle regulating base board, regulate again two distances between side plate to make the axis of the axis of test specimen reinforcing bar and the center line of front end face plate hole and dish core on same straight line, the sidewall contact of side plate and test specimen, test specimen can not move.
5. the experimental provision that impact tension-torsion according to claim 1 loads, it is characterized in that: the material of described impact mass piece, guide rail, impact target, test specimen fixed case, fixed pulley, wheel disc and dish core is plow-steel, the material of described wire rope twists into for having high-intensity finer wire.
6. the experimental provision that impact tension-torsion according to claim 1 loads, is characterized in that: the iron plate of described prestress charger is fixed on base, and iron plate is that top is that arc plate, below are the n shape structure of two rectangular parallelepiped plates; The arc plate center inside of iron plate is provided with hole, is provided with screw thread in hole, and screw inserts in iron plate hole from iron plate top, coordinates with the screw thread in hole; Iron plate is above cantilever lever; Described prestress charger acts on respectively the both sides of impact target, by the screw that regulates upper end, prestressed size is set.
7. an experimental technique for the impact tension-torsion loading experimental apparatus described in claim 1 ~ 6 any one, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) test specimen is arranged in test specimen pickup groove, the height of regulating base board makes the axis of reinforcing bar parallel with the axis of dish core, the side plate of described test piece fixing device is close to test specimen side and is fixed on base plate, reinforcing bar welds together with dish core, dish core is connected with wire rope, wire rope and dish are provided with the second power sensor between core, between wheel disc and the 3rd fixed pulley, the first power sensor are set, research be that dynamic tension-torsion load acts on the bond stress distribution of lower anchor bar in concrete simultaneously;
(2) impact mass piece impacts on impact target with certain altitude freely falling body, wire rope converts the dynamic pressure load on impact target dynamic tensile load to and dynamically reverses moment load and is applied on reinforcing bar, make the reinforcing bar in reinforced concrete be reversed fast drawing, measure respectively power, moment of flexure and the reinforcing bar strain of test specimen on reinforcing bar of drawing reinforcing bar by power sensor and metal strain plate sensor, thereby obtain the bond stress distribution of anchor bar in concrete under dynamic tension-torsion load action;
(3) quality of regulation piece release altitude, repeats above-mentioned steps, can study the impact of LOADING RATES on reinforced concrete dynamic adhesion stress distribution.
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| CN201410387345.7A CN104181102B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-08 | A kind of experimental provision and experimental technique impacting tension-torsion loading |
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