CN104180382A - Flue gas dry method quenching system - Google Patents

Flue gas dry method quenching system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104180382A
CN104180382A CN201410459434.8A CN201410459434A CN104180382A CN 104180382 A CN104180382 A CN 104180382A CN 201410459434 A CN201410459434 A CN 201410459434A CN 104180382 A CN104180382 A CN 104180382A
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temperature
flue gas
regenerator
way valve
low
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许文浒
周睿
艾元方
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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Abstract

A flue gas dry method quenching system comprises a gravity settling chamber (1), a cyclone dust collector (2), a high-temperature four-way valve (3), a low-temperature four-way valve (4) and a pair of vertical regenerative chambers (5). Bottom connecting pipes of the two regenerative chambers (5) are connected with an outlet and an inlet of the low-temperature four-way valve (4) respectively. Top connecting pipes of the two regenerative chambers (5) are connected with an outlet and an inlet of the high-temperature four-way valve (3) respectively. The positions of valve plates of the two four-way valves are converted by 90 degrees at the same time. Ceramic balls in the two regenerative chambers (5) are equal in stacking height ranging from 600 mm to 800 mm, are the same in diameter ranging from 17 mm to 25 mm, are equal in total number and are the same in switching period ranging from 121 s to 180 s. The flue gas dry method quenching system can be used on occasions needing hazardous waste combustion flue gas purification and dioxin low temperature resynthesis inhibition. The industrial application shows that hazardous waste combustion dioxin discharge meets the requirement of GB18484-2001, no extra derivative effluent is generated, and the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency exceeds 60%.

Description

Dry fume chilling system
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of dry fume chilling system based on fast switch type high-specific surface area ceramic heat-storing heat transfer theory.Be applicable to old circuit board, electronic waste, medical waste, the synthetic place use again of burning city domestic garbage gas cleaning process inhibition bioxin low temperature.
Background technology danger wastes incineration flue gas enters that to suppress bioxin low temperature after flue synthetic again, is focus and the Technology Difficulties of current Recycling Economy Construction, environmental protection and city exploitation of mineral resources.
Danger waste burning gas cleaning process need suppress the generation of synthetic reaction again of bioxin low temperature.Flue gas chilling is the effective ways of avoiding bioxin low temperature to synthesize again.Research shows: 800 DEG C → 250 DEG C processes of flue gas are consuming time to be exceeded 2 seconds and can impel bioxin low temperature synthetic reaction to occur.Conventional smoke cooling method out of breath is straight spray air/water in flue gas, makes flue-gas temperature stride across rapidly bioxin synthesis temperature interval.In flue gas, directly spray water, can be corroded to prevent aftertreatment device by absorption portion acidic materials, but can increase waste liquid secondary pollution and treatment cost of waste liquor.In flue gas, mix a large amount of cold airs, can increase flue gas volume and follow-up equipment gas cleaning load, reduce process economy.Flue gas chilling simultaneously Mist heat recovering can improve performance driving economy.Conventionally utilize waste heat boiler or heat exchanger to carry out Mist heat recovering and produce steam/heat water or preheated air, but the coefficient of heat transfer is little, film-cooled heat is large, flue gas cool-down time > > 2 seconds, smokeless chilling effect.Not only the flue gases purification device of chilling flue gas but also Mist heat recovering report, extremely rare at present.
Patent CN102350160 A discloses a kind of system for purifying flue gas produced by waste circuit board burning, this system comprises two Horizontal cylinder tubular regenerator, one of accumulation of heat indoor is driven the steel cylindrical drum that can rotate around self axis by reducing motor, fill specific area 800m in cylindrical drum 2/ m 3above Ceramic Balls, Ceramic Balls piling height 1m left and right in cylinder, cigarette/air flows through ball layer, two inner core rotation periods 60~120 seconds with 5~6m/s (empty bed mark state) speed.800 DEG C of flue gases after gravitational settling and cyclone dust removal flow into cross flow regenerators, within less than 1 second time, cool to 150 DEG C from 800 DEG C, simultaneously air flow through another cross flow regenerator rapidly heat absorption be raised to 600~700 DEG C.Obviously, inner core axis region Ceramic Balls is not rotated and is caused micronic dust easily to accumulate and affect gas grain heat exchange uniformity and heat recovery efficiency, contains ball cylindrical drum and is subject to heat resistance restriction cigarette temperature can not exceed 400~500 DEG C.
Research and development flue gas chilling makes flue gas dioxin qualified discharge, and efficient preheated air is to improve performance driving economy, and the dry fume chilling technique device occurring without derivative secondary pollution, is that the useless high temperature disposal of resources technology commercialization of danger is applied key.
Summary of the invention needs extra process waste liquid and mixes a large amount of cold airs and reduce process economy in order to overcome flue gas water spray chilling, tradition exhaust-heat boiler flue gas cooling procedure lives forever in shortcomings such as flue gas dioxin synthesize again, the invention provides a kind of based on fast switch type high-specific surface area Ceramic Balls heat-accumulating heat-transfer principle, flue gas chilling is rapidly pre-warming air , dioxin emission dry fume chilling system up to standard simultaneously.
Dry fume chilling system, comprise gravity settling chamber, cyclone dust collectors, low temperature cross valve and regenerator arranged in pairs, two regenerator bottoms are taken over and are connected respectively outlet of low temperature cross valve and an import is connected, low-temperature flue gas is discharged in another outlet of low temperature cross valve, another import passes into normal temperature air, cyclone dust collectors air inlet and gravity settling chamber exhaust opening are connected by pipeline, gravity settling chamber air inlet passes into the high-temperature flue gas of low dust concentration, valve plate both sides are set between cyclone dust collectors and regenerator and lay the high-temperature four-way valve of water collar, import of high-temperature four-way valve and cyclone dust collectors exhaust opening are connected by pipeline, high temperature air is drawn in an outlet, another outlet and another import connect respectively two regenerator tops and take over, high-temperature four-way valve and low temperature cross valve be 90 ° of switching valve Board positions simultaneously, two regenerator are vertical structure, inner chamber natural packing alumina composition content exceedes 60% sintered ceramic ball, Ceramic Balls piling height equate and in 600mm~800mm scope, Ceramic Balls sphere diameter is identical and in 17mm~25mm scope, the total charge weight of Ceramic Balls equates, two regenerator switching cycles are identical and 121 seconds~180 seconds scopes.
The danger wastes incineration flue gas processes such as old circuit board, electronic waste, medical waste, domestic waste suppress bioxin low temperature synthetic place again, can use the present invention.
Invention processing and fabricating is simple, energy-conserving and environment-protective, remarkable economic and social benefits.After application the present invention, danger waste burning Wei gas Zhong dioxin emission meets " dangerous waste incineration pollution control criterion " (GB18484-2001) requirement, disposes without extra waste liquid, and without additional energy source consumption, using waste heat from tail gas organic efficiency exceedes 60%.
Brief description of the drawings
Dry fume chilling system workflow diagram when Fig. 1 is right regenerator chilling flue gas, dry fume chilling system workflow diagram when Fig. 2 is right regenerator rapidly pre-warming air.1 is gravity settling chamber, and 11 is membrane wall, and 2 is cyclone separator, and 3 is high-temperature four-way valve, and 4 is low temperature cross valve, and 5 is regenerator.A is high-temperature flue gas, and B is normal temperature air, and C is low-temperature flue gas, and D is high temperature air.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with two accompanying drawings, invention is further described.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, dry fume chilling system, comprises gravity settling chamber 1, cyclone dust collectors 2, low temperature cross valve 4 and regenerator arranged in pairs 5.It is cylindric that regenerator 5 can be, and also can be Fang Tizhuan.Low temperature cross valve 4 has two imports and two outlets.Two regenerator 5 bottoms are taken over and are connected respectively 4 one outlets of low temperature cross valve and an import, and low-temperature flue gas C is discharged in 4 another outlets of low temperature cross valve, and another import passes into normal temperature air B.Cyclone dust collectors 2 air inlets and gravity settling chamber 1 exhaust opening are connected by pipeline, and gravity settling chamber 1 air inlet passes into the high-temperature flue gas A of low dust concentration.Between cyclone dust collectors 2 and regenerator 5, high-temperature four-way valve 3 is set, water collar is all laid in high-temperature four-way valve 3 hull outside and valve plate both sides, can be under 800 DEG C of left and right hot environments steady operation, high-temperature four-way valve 3 has two imports and two outlets.3 one imports of high-temperature four-way valve and cyclone dust collectors 2 exhaust openings are connected by pipeline, and high temperature air D is drawn in an outlet, and another outlet and another import connect respectively two regenerator, 5 tops and take over.Two regenerator 5 inwalls and top nozzle inner wall all lay refractory insulating layer.Two regenerator 5 are vertical structure, during by air, normal temperature air B takes over and enters from regenerator 5 bottoms, high temperature air D takes over and flows out from regenerator 5 tops, during by high-temperature flue gas A, takes over and enters from regenerator 5 tops, and low-temperature flue gas C takes over and flows out from regenerator 5 bottoms.Two Ceramic Balls that the equal natural packing of regenerator 5 inner chamber is processed through oversintering, Ceramic Balls alumina composition mass percent > 60%, Ceramic Balls piling height equates and is controlled at 600mm~800mm scope, the in-built Ceramic Balls sphere diameter of two regenerator 5 is identical and be controlled at 17mm~25mm scope, and two total charge weights of regenerator 5 Ceramic Balls equate.
The dry fume chilling system of indication of the present invention, comprises gravity settling chamber 1, cyclone dust collectors 2, high-temperature four-way valve 3, low temperature cross valve 4 and regenerator 5.Regenerator 5 is vertical structure and arranges in pairs, two regenerator 5 inner chamber natural packing alumina composition content exceed 60%, same sphere diameter and the Ceramic Balls through oversintering processing, and Ceramic Balls specific area is large, two total charge weights of regenerator 5 inner chamber Ceramic Balls equate and piling height equates.Gravity settling chamber 1 air inlet passes into the high-temperature flue gas A of low dust concentration, exhaust opening and cyclone dust collectors 2 air inlets are connected by the pipeline of interior deposited refractory insulating layer, 3 one imports of cyclone dust collectors 2 exhaust openings and high-temperature four-way valve are connected by the pipeline of interior deposited refractory insulating layer, high temperature air D is drawn in 3 one outlets of high-temperature four-way valve, and another outlet and another import connect respectively two regenerator, 5 tops and take over.Water collar is all laid in high-temperature four-way valve 3 hull outside and valve plate both sides.Low-temperature flue gas C is discharged in 4 one outlets of low temperature cross valve, and an import passes into normal temperature air B, and another outlet and respectively with two regenerator of another import 5 bottoms are taken over and are connected.
Between pipeline and gravity settling chamber 1, pipeline and cyclone dust collectors 2, pipeline and high-temperature four-way valve 3, pipeline and regenerator 5, all connect in flange mode.Gravity settling chamber 1 is arranged membrane wall 11, and flue gas stroke is serpentine with prolong smoke disengaging time.In the time that flue-gas temperature exceedes 800 DEG C, membrane wall 11 makes flue-gas temperature be reduced to 800 DEG C of left and right, makes liquid dust change solid-state dust in order to avoid sticks to valve plate or Ceramic Balls wall, prevents that Ceramic Balls high temperature burning problems from occurring simultaneously.The inwalls such as gravity settling chamber 1, cyclone dust removal chamber 2, regenerator 5 and top adapter and connecting pipe all lay refractory insulating layer.The tilted setting of regenerator 5 " well " word shape cast iron bracing frame supports Ceramic Balls weight, regenerator 5 Ceramic Balls layers are divided into three by regenerator 5 intracavity spaces one, Ceramic Balls layer upper and lower is gas-phase space, and Ceramic Balls layer upper gaseous phase space and bottom gas-phase space can not be walked around Ceramic Balls layer and directly be communicated with.Between regenerator 5 top gas-phase spaces and bottom gas-phase space, connect differential pressure controller, to regulate and control regenerator 5 air current flow drag losseses in time, accomplish that air current flow is smooth and easy.Regenerator 5 is arranged in pairs, periodically alternately absorbs fast obvious heat of smoke and preheated air.In each cycle regenerator 5, only flow through air or flue gas, the phenomenon of avoiding collaborating occurs.
Use time of the present invention, 800 DEG C of above and dust concentrations are less than 200mg/Nm 3high-temperature flue gas A pass into from gravity settling chamber 1 air inlet, 130 DEG C of left and right low-temperature flue gas C discharge from 4 outlets of low temperature cross valve.Flue gas water equivalent is 0.9 times~1.1 times air water equivalents.Flue gas and air evenly pass Ceramic Balls layer with 3m/s~4m/s (empty bed mark state speed) respectively.Low temperature cross valve 4 and high-temperature four-way valve 3 90 ° of switching valve Board positions simultaneously, realize two regenerator 5 and periodically alternately bear fast chilling flue gas and rapidly pre-warming air function.Two regenerator 5 switching cycles are identical and 121 seconds~180 seconds scopes.
As shown in Figure 1, the high-temperature flue gas A of 800 DEG C of above low dust concentrations enters from gravity settling chamber 1 air inlet, in membrane wall 11 cooling effect borehole cooling to 800 DEG C left and right, then pass through successively cyclone dust collectors 2, high-temperature four-way valve 3 and right regenerator 5, finally export in the low-temperature flue gas C mode of 130 DEG C of left and right and enter atmosphere from low temperature cross valve 4, normal temperature air B enters from 4 imports of low temperature cross valve, by left regenerator 5, finally leaves high-temperature four-way valve 3 in high temperature air D mode and exports.Along with passage of time and heat transfer are carried out, right regenerator 5 spherical ceramic particles temperature raise gradually, and flue gas and the Ceramic Balls surface heat transfer temperature difference diminish gradually, and the low-temperature flue gas C temperature of discharging from 4 outlets of low temperature cross valve raises gradually.After 121 seconds~180 seconds, low temperature cross valve 4 and high-temperature four-way valve 3 valve plates rotate 90 ° simultaneously, and left regenerator 5 heat absorption states and right regenerator 5 heat release states are switched to respectively left regenerator 5 heat release states and right regenerator 5 heat absorption states.As shown in Figure 2, normal temperature air B enters from 4 imports of low temperature cross valve, in 5 li of heat absorption intensifications fast of right regenerator, finally leaving high-temperature four-way valve 3 in high temperature air D mode exports, high-temperature flue gas A enters from 3 imports of high-temperature four-way valve, discharge fast sensible heat 5 li of left regenerator, the low-temperature flue gas C that is finally cooled to 130 DEG C of left and right leaves low temperature cross valve 4 and exports.High-temperature flue gas A flows through gravity settling chamber 1, and in cyclone dust collectors 2 and high-temperature four-way valve 3 processes, temperature remains unchanged, and dust contained flue gas concentration declines to some extent, further ensures that regenerator 5 dust does not occur and stops up Ceramic Balls gap.Gravity settling chamber 1, cyclone dust collectors 2 and two regenerator 5 deposit dust concentrated danger waste burning stove of sending into from bottom ash discharging pipe is discharged and carry out high temperature incineration.Regenerator 5 Ceramic Balls sphere diameter 17mm~25mm; gas grain heat exchange area is large; can in 0.15 second~0.30 second, complete diabatic process, realize fast flue-gas temperature from the temperature-fall period of 800 DEG C → 130 DEG C, thereby stride across rapidly flue gas dioxin low temperature synthesis reaction temperature interval again.For switching cycle 121 seconds~180 seconds, 4 valve plate actuation times of high-temperature four-way valve 3 and low temperature cross valve are only about 1.5 seconds, negligible to flue gas chilling influential effect.
Primary structure feature of the present invention, technical characterictic and corresponding technique effect thereof are described below:
The present invention has " vertical regenerator bottom and top arrange respectively cross valve " architectural feature.It is cooling that the high-temperature four-way valve 3 at regenerator 5 tops arranges water collar, can be under 800 DEG C of hot environments steady operation.High-temperature four-way valve 3 entrance location are fixed, and can adapt to use under most of incinerator burners and smoke vent position permanence condition.The interior Ceramic Balls layer height of regenerator 5 equates, can make flue gas and air uniform-flow cross Ceramic Balls layer, thereby carry out uniform heat exchange between air-flow-Ceramic Balls.High-temperature four-way valve 3 of the present invention and low temperature cross valve 4 valves, two cross valve Board positions rotate 90 ° simultaneously, have replaced two reducing motors of patent CN102350160 A and quick rotation design.Two vertical regenerator 5 positions immobilize, replace two cross flow regenerators of patent CN102350160 A, two metal cylinder coaxial lines suit and inner core around the periodically design such as quick rotation of axis, avoided that cylindrical shell high temperature deformation is stuck, flue-gas temperature is limited in 400 DEG C~500 DEG C and following, axis region Ceramic Balls and do not rotate and affect air current flow and the problem such as gas-solid heat exchange is inhomogeneous.Compare with patent CN102350160 A, invent maintenance simple in structure easy, high-temperature flue gas A temperature can be higher than 800 DEG C, and motor power consumption significantly reduces.
The present invention has " vertical regenerator 5 inner chamber natural packing sphere diameter 17mm~25mm, floor height 600mm~800mm Ceramic Balls " architectural feature.The present invention is integrated high-efficiency ceramic heat-accumulating heat-transfer technological merit, as two Ceramic Balls heat storages with switch fast etc., realizes high efficiente callback fume afterheat.The present invention further limits Ceramic Balls sphere diameter and piling height on this basis, air-flow is crossed Ceramic Balls layer with 3m/s~4m/s uniform-flow, flue gas and air water equivalent approximately equal, effectively control high efficiente callback fume afterheat required time, realize flue gas and flow through Ceramic Balls layer in 0.15 second~0.30 second, complete 800 DEG C → 130 DEG C flue gas cool-down processes.Flue gas and air water equivalent approximately equal, can shorten 5 thermal balance stabilization times of two regenerator, and make heat recovery efficiency reach very big.The air current flow resistance that 600mm~800mm Ceramic Balls layer height forms is moderate, and the present invention can select common in the market roots blower.
The present invention has " fast switch type high-specific surface area heat-accumulating heat-transfer " technical characterictic.
The present invention has " flue gas is cooling rapidly " technical characterictic.
Said structure feature and technical characterictic have brought multiple technique effect: flue gas dioxin discharge reaches GB18484-2001 requirement.The flue gas bioxin low temperature synthesis temperature region 250-800 DEG C time is only 0.15 second~0.30 second, far below time requirement in 2 seconds, has effectively avoided flue system bioxin synthetic reaction physical and chemical condition; The efficient preheated air of Mist heat recovering, organizes high-temperature air burning in incinerator, avoids bioxin low temperature synthetic required forerunner's intermediate material again from source.High efficiente callback fume afterheat, improve performance driving economy, avoided additional energy source consumption.Flue gas cool-down process does not spray into cold water, uses without extra water source, avoids gas cleaning process secondary waste water pollution problem, has avoided pipeline acid corrosion problem, has extended flue system service life.The present invention avoids the third flue gas chilling new method except conventional smoke gas blowout water quick cooling and dilution air chilling in bioxin low-temperature synthetic method.
The present invention is applicable to the danger wastes incineration flue gas processes such as old circuit board, electronic waste, medical waste, domestic waste and suppresses the synthetic place use again of bioxin low temperature.
Processing and fabricating of the present invention is simple, energy-conserving and environment-protective, remarkable economic and social benefits.After application the present invention, the danger such as old circuit board and domestic waste waste burning tail gas dioxin emission concentration meets " dangerous waste incineration pollution control criterion " (GB18484-2001) concentration of emission requirement, dispose without extra waste liquid, without additional energy source consumption, using waste heat from tail gas organic efficiency exceedes 60%.

Claims (1)

1. dry fume chilling system, comprise gravity settling chamber (1), cyclone dust collectors (2), low temperature cross valve (4) and regenerator arranged in pairs (5), the adapter of two regenerator (5) bottom connects respectively (4) outlets of low temperature cross valve and an import is connected, low-temperature flue gas is discharged in another outlet of low temperature cross valve (4), another import passes into normal temperature air, cyclone dust collectors (2) air inlet and gravity settling chamber (1) exhaust opening are connected by pipeline, gravity settling chamber (1) air inlet passes into the high-temperature flue gas of low dust concentration, it is characterized in that: the high-temperature four-way valve (3) that valve plate both sides are set lay water collar between cyclone dust collectors (2) and regenerator (5), (3) imports of high-temperature four-way valve and cyclone dust collectors (2) exhaust opening are connected by pipeline, high temperature air is drawn in an outlet, another outlet and another import connect respectively two regenerator (5) top and take over, high-temperature four-way valve (3) and low temperature cross valve (4) be 90 ° of switching valve Board positions simultaneously, two regenerator (5) are vertical structure, inner chamber natural packing alumina composition content exceedes 60% sintered ceramic ball, Ceramic Balls piling height equate and in 600mm~800mm scope, Ceramic Balls sphere diameter is identical and in 17mm~25mm scope, the total charge weight of Ceramic Balls equates, two regenerator (5) switching cycle is identical and 121 seconds~180 seconds scopes.
CN201410459434.8A 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Flue gas dry method quenching system Pending CN104180382A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106838958A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-06-13 铜陵化工集团有机化工有限责任公司 Tail gas regenerative oxidation CIU
CN108693090A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-23 浙江大学 A kind of granule density measuring device for high temperature oil-containing dusty gas
CN108775585A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-09 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 A kind of waste high temperature air/water steam gasification, and combustion fusing system
CN112304143A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-02 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Device and method for recovering flue gas waste heat
CN114459255A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-05-10 国能龙源催化剂江苏有限公司 Kiln exhaust method capable of avoiding generation of liquid ammonium bisulfate

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106838958A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-06-13 铜陵化工集团有机化工有限责任公司 Tail gas regenerative oxidation CIU
CN108693090A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-23 浙江大学 A kind of granule density measuring device for high temperature oil-containing dusty gas
CN108775585A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-09 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 A kind of waste high temperature air/water steam gasification, and combustion fusing system
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CN112304143A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-02 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Device and method for recovering flue gas waste heat
CN114459255A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-05-10 国能龙源催化剂江苏有限公司 Kiln exhaust method capable of avoiding generation of liquid ammonium bisulfate
CN114459255B (en) * 2022-01-04 2023-08-08 国能龙源催化剂江苏有限公司 Kiln exhaust method capable of avoiding liquid ammonium bisulfate

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Application publication date: 20141203