CN104178692B - Free cutting steel with tensile strength of not less than 1200MPa for engineering machinery and production method of free cutting steel - Google Patents
Free cutting steel with tensile strength of not less than 1200MPa for engineering machinery and production method of free cutting steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses free cutting steel with tensile strength of not less than 1200MPa for engineering machinery. The free cutting steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.30%-0.50% of C, 0.40%-0.60% of Si, 1.2%-1.5% of Mn, not more than 0.015% of P, not more than 0.015% of S, 0.03%-0.05% of N, 0.01%-0.02% of B, 0.01%-0.03% of Al, 0.01%-0.03% of Nb and 0.01%-0.03% of Ti. A production method of the free cutting steel comprises the following steps: smelting and forming billets; heating the square billets; hotly rolling; cooling by water; cooling in holes. The free cutting steel is free of environmental pollution, simple in component, relatively low in cost and excellent in cutting performance, and has the tensile strength of not less than 1200MPa, the yield strength of not less than 850MPa, the elongation rate A of not less than 15% and the cross section reduction rate Z of not less than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical engineering steel and production method, specifically belong to the work of tensile strength >=1200MPa
Journey machinery automatic steel and production method.
Background technology
Automatic steel is generally divided into two classes：（One）Frame for movement automatic steel, the good cutting except needs have of this steel grade
Outside performance, should also have good mechanical property；（Two）Steel grade with AISI12L14 as representative, mainly has to cutting ability
High requirement.With the development of social economy, many mechanical mechanism steel need could be adapted to, such as in the steel of strong mechanical performance：
Automotive light weight technology requires by improving steel strength, to reduce complete vehicle weight, thus reaching the target of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Working environment
Severe heavy load truck is often scrapped in advance because of key components and partss Strength Failure.
In prior art, common mechanical structure automatic steel, is sulfur system, lead system, three kinds of automatic steels of calcium system.Its three kinds
Steel grade is respectively present following deficiency：
Lead series free cutting steel is not subject to the shadow of leading because of mechanical property, heat treatment performance, cold and hot working performance and welding performance
Ring, and cutting ability（Cutter life, chip treatability, machined surface fineness etc.）Better than other automatic steels, and obtain extensively
Application.But because lead is very big to environment and harm, therefore the developed country such as European Union and the U.S. is to the life containing Pd automatic steel
Produce, use and reclaim and all strictly limited, it is contemplated that no Pdization is the developing direction of automatic steel；
Resulfurizing series free cutting steel, because of the addition of sulfur, leads to rolled steel mechanical performance anisotropy to increase, and oxygen content in steel is higher,
Lead to purity of steel relatively low, steel mechanics performance is poor；
Not only continuous casting is difficult for calcium series free cutting steel, and could fully manifest good machinability only in high-speed cutting；
Se（Selenium）、Te（Hoof）、Bi（Bismuth）Deng rare element series free-cutting steel, cutting ability and mechanical property are all good, but because of cost intensive
And cannot large-scale application.
Existing Cutting free steel grade, does not only exist above-mentioned deficiency, and its mechanical property not that does not meet developed machine
The demand of tool Structural Engineering steel, its tensile strength is all not higher than 100MPa, and yield strength is below 500MPa.
In recent years, utilization and crystal structure of graphite（Hexagonal）The BN similar with physicochemical property improves the machinability of steel
Can, become in the world the focus of no Pb automatic steel research and development.This steel grade cutting ability is equally excellent with lead treated steel, machinery
Performance is as good as with mother metal, and low price, easy to spread, belongs to environmentally friendly automatic steel.
Through retrieval, Chinese patent CN02809296.1 discloses a kind of resulfurizing series free cutting steel, and it is by weight percentage
Group is divided into：C 0.10-0.55%, Si 0.05-1.00%, Mn 0.30-2.50%, P≤0.15%, S 0.050-
0.350%th, Al ＞ 0.010% to≤0.020%, Nb 0.015-0.200%, O 0.0015-0.0150%, N≤
0.02%；Also containing at least one in V 0.03-0.50%, Ti 0.02-0.20% and Zr 0.01-0.20%.It is deposited
Deficiency：This patent steel grade sulfur, oxygen content are higher, inevitably reduce purity of steel and mechanical property, limit
Its range of application.
Chinese patent CN1271232C discloses a kind of machine construction automatic steel, its component by weight percentage
For：C 0.01-0.70%, Si 0.05-2.00%, Mn 0.20-3.50%, Ca 0.0003-0.01%, S 0.020-
0.30%th, Al 0.002-0.30%, N 0.003-0.035%, O 0.001-0.008%, remaining composition includes ferrum and inevitably
Impurity.Its deficiency existing：This patent steel grade is expected that by adjusting MnS form and quantity and the oxygen with prescribed particle size in steel
Compound is mingled with quantity, to improve cutting rolled steel performance, technology controlling and process is complicated and the improvement of the more absorbed cutting ability of this patent and right
Steel mechanics performance does not have more considerations.And the invention belongs to BN type automatic steel, cutting ability is similar to Pd series free-cutting steel,
Simple production process is easily-controllable, and excellent in mechanical performance（Tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=
15%th, contraction percentage of area Z >=20%）.
Japan Patent JP1981560, JP350065/1999, JP34538/2000 disclose calcium sulfur composite machine structure and use
Automatic steel, its deficiency existing：Above-mentioned patent steel grade pass through complicated technology controlling and process so that rolled steel mechanical performance each to different
Property controls more satisfied, but cutting ability is obvious with lead series free cutting steel gap.And the present invention, good cutting can be taken into account simultaneously
Cut performance and mechanical property, and cutting ability is similar to Pd series free-cutting steel.
Through retrieving pertinent literature, except Pd series free-cutting steel, other machinery structure automatic steel mechanical property is all difficult to
Meet the increasingly harsh requirement of modern manufacturing industry, such as：Resulfurizing series free cutting steel horizontal mechanical performance is poor, the plasticity of steel and toughness
Substantially reduce；Although rare earth series free-cutting steel has excellent cutting ability, mechanical property is poor, such as：Chinese patent
CN1216173C discloses a kind of calcium-rare earth-tin series and is combined automatic steel and its smelting process, its tensile strength >=500MPa, prolongs
Stretch rate 15%-30%, contraction percentage of area 25%-40%, relatively low steel strength has fettered its range.
The present invention props up and is solving deficiency and the bottleneck that prior art exists, research and development one kind and the machinability of series free-cutting steel containing Pd
Can be similar, and there are excellent mechanical performances, i.e. tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=15%,
The frame for movement of contraction percentage of area Z >=20% high-strength simple-cutting steel.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of non-environmental-pollution, and composition is simple, advantage of lower cost, resists
Tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=15%, contraction percentage of area Z >=20%, and have excellent cutting concurrently
The BN type frame for movement automatic steel of performance and production method.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose：
The engineering machinery automatic steel of tensile strength >=1200MPa, its component and weight percent content are：C：0.30
～0.50 %, Si：0.40～0.60%, Mn：1.2～1.5 %, P≤0.015 %, S≤0.015%, N：0.03～0.05%, B：
0.01～0.02%, Al：0.01～0.03%, Nb：0.01～0.03%, Ti：0.01～0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitably
Impurity；Mechanical property：Tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=15%, contraction percentage of area Z >=
20%；Metallographic structure：For acicular ferrite and pearlite, wherein acicular ferrite is not less than 55%.
Preferably：The weight percent content of C is 0.30～0.42 %.
Preferably：The weight percent content of Si is 0.42～0.50%.
Preferably：The weight percent content of Mn is 1.21～1.33%.
Preferably：The weight percent content of Al is 0.012～0.02%.
Preferably：The weight percent content of N is 0.042～0.048%.
The method producing the engineering machinery automatic steel of tensile strength >=1200MPa, its step：
1）Smelt and become base：Carbon content in endpoint molten steel is controlled to be not less than 0.1%, tapping temperature is at 1645～1710 DEG C；Eventually
Point oxygen content≤50ppm；
2）By heating steel billet：Control heating-up temperature at 1150～1250 DEG C, temperature retention time is in 100～150min；
3）Carry out hot rolling：Control roughing start rolling temperature at 1080～1240 DEG C；Control finish rolling finishing temperature 850～900
℃；
4）Carry out Water cooling：It is to be cooled to 300～500 DEG C under 45～110 DEG C/min in rate of cooling；
5）Carry out cheating cold：It is cooled to room temperature.
The effect of each element in the present invention
C：Frame for movement high-strength simple-cutting steel need to keep certain intensity and hardness, and the hardness of matrix steel depends on
Phosphorus content.Its content, as steel medium pearlite ratio higher than 0.50 %, can be made to increase, causes steel partially hard, is unfavorable for machining；As low
Ratio of ferrite can be led in steel to increase in 0.30%, the intensity decreases of steel, toughness increases, steel partially soft it is difficult to meet high intensity
Requirement and be equally unfavorable for machining.Therefore, carbon content of the present invention is designed as 0.30～0.50%, preferably：C：0.30～
0.42 %.
Si：The main intensity improving steel with solution strengthening form, but its content, as higher than 0.6%, can deteriorate the cold deformation of steel
Ability, and its deoxidation products has higher hardness, working angles Cutter wear is serious, and silicone content therefore of the present invention is designed as
0.40～0.60%.Preferably：Si content is 0.42～0.50%.
Mn：In ferrite, the solution strengthening effect of Mn is only second to P and Si, can improve steel strength, and will not show
Write deteriorate steel deformability, but content as less than 1.2%% when, its strengthen DeGrain；Mn can also react generation MnS with S
It is mingled with raising cutting rolled steel performance, and can prevent from leading to hot short low melting point FeS to separate out in crystal boundary, MnS is mingled with and also may be used simultaneously
It is mingled with forming core core to become BN, reduces BN and be mingled with this free energy of jeep needed for precipitation, increase BN and be mingled with precipitation quantity, thus carrying
The cutting ability of high steel.Therefore, manganese content of the present invention is designed as 1.2～1.5%, preferably：Mn content is 1.21～1.33%.
P：P can reinforced ferrite phase, but P is harmful element for steel performance, require its content more low in theory more
Good, the performance of guarantee steel of the present invention.Therefore, phosphorus content of the present invention is designed as less than 0.015%.
S：The MnS that in steel, sulfur and manganese can be formed is mingled with and can be mingled with forming core core as BN, improves BN and is mingled with nucleation rate, increases
In steel, BN is mingled with quantity, but excessive MnS is mingled with the anisotropy that can increase steel performance, the serious application limiting steel.Cause
This, sulfur content of the present invention is designed as less than 0.015%.
N：In steel, N and B reacts to generate and is conducive to the BN improving cutting ability to be favorably mingled with, and passes through（Nb、Ti）（C、N）'s
Generate and reach the purpose that combined microalloying improves steel strength, therefore need appropriate N content in steel, if but N content is excessive,
Steel mechanics performance can be deteriorated and reduce the rate of steel products produced to steel ingots.Therefore, nitrogen content of the present invention is designed as 0.03～0.05%.Preferably：
N content is 0.042～0.048%.
B：The interpolation of B is to be mingled with for forming BN, to improve cutting rolled steel performance.In steel B content too low it is difficult to generate enough
The BN of amount is mingled with, too high, easily deteriorates steel toughness and is unfavorable for steel popularization and application.B content therefore of the present invention is designed as
0.01～0.02 %.
Al：Aluminum adds in steel as deoxidizer, and a certain amount of aluminum may advantageously facilitate the precipitation that BN is mingled with, but the Al meeting of excess
Impact steel mechanics performance, reduces cutting rolled steel performance.Therefore, aluminium content of the present invention is designed as 0.01～0.03%.Preferably：
Al content is 0.012～0.02%.
Nb：Add as the micro alloying element improving steel strength, niobium occurs molten in heating and soaking stage, precipitate
Solution, keeps dissolved state during hot-working, and when subsequently cooling down, intergranular precipitation precipitation makes the intensity of steel increase, but excessive niobium
Smelting cost can be increased.Therefore, content of niobium of the present invention is designed as 0.01～0.03%.
Ti：Add as the micro alloying element improving steel strength, the carbonitride intergranular precipitation of titanium separates out and can refine
Crystal grain, makes the intensity of steel increase, but excessive titanium can increase smelting difficulty.Therefore, Ti content of the present invention be designed as 0.01～
0.03%.
The present invention compared with prior art, non-environmental-pollution, composition is simple, advantage of lower cost, tensile strength >=
1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=15%, contraction percentage of area Z >=20%, and have excellent cutting ability concurrently.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be mid-term of the present invention is to be obtained, have improve cutting ability effect BN be mingled with shape appearance figure；
Fig. 2 is the energy spectrum diagram of figure；
Fig. 3 be the present invention metallographic structure in TiN be mingled with shape appearance figure；
Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum diagram of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the scattergram of BN in the metallographic structure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail：
Table 1 is the comparative example of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example；
Table 2 is the main technologic parameters list of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example；
Table 3 is various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example mechanics and cutting ability detection case list.
Various embodiments of the present invention produce according to following steps：
1）Smelt and become base：Carbon content in endpoint molten steel is controlled to be not less than 0.1%, tapping temperature is at 1645～1710 DEG C；Eventually
Point oxygen content≤50ppm；
2）By heating steel billet：Control heating-up temperature at 1150～1250 DEG C, temperature retention time is in 100～150min；
3）Carry out hot rolling：Control roughing start rolling temperature at 1080～1240 DEG C；Control finish rolling finishing temperature 850～900
℃；
4）Carry out Water cooling：It is to be cooled to 300～500 DEG C under 45～110 DEG C/min in rate of cooling；
5）Carry out cheating cold：It is cooled to room temperature.
Comparative example (the wt% of table 1 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example）
Table 2 various embodiments of the present invention and the main technologic parameters list of comparative example
Table 3 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example mechanics properties testing situation list
The present invention, BN Dispersed precipitate in steel, cutting rolled steel function admirable is similar to Pd series free-cutting steel, is significantly better than tradition
Resulfurizing series free cutting steel, cutter life significantly improves, and chip-breaking performance is excellent, and after cutting, steel surface is highly polished；Multiple using niobium titanium
Close microalloying, mechanical property of the present invention meets, tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=
15%th, contraction percentage of area Z >=20%, is well positioned to meet high-end machinery manufacturing industry and frame for movement automatic steel performance is wanted
Ask.
Above-described embodiment only most preferably enumerates, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the engineering machinery automatic steel of tensile strength >=1200MPa, its component and weight percent content are：C：0.30～
0.50 %、Si：0.53～0.60%, Mn：1.2～1.5 %, P≤0.015 %, S≤0.001%, N：0.038～0.05%, B：
0.016～0.02%, Al：0.01～0.03%, Nb：0.01～0.03%, Ti：0.01～0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable
Impurity；Mechanical property：Tensile strength >=1200MPa, yield strength >=850MPa, elongation percentage A >=15%, contraction percentage of area Z >=
20%；Metallographic structure：For acicular ferrite and pearlite, wherein acicular ferrite is not less than 55%.
2. tensile strength >=1200MPa as claimed in claim 1 engineering machinery automatic steel it is characterised in that：The weight of N
Amount degree is 0.042～0.048%.
3. the method producing the engineering machinery automatic steel of tensile strength >=1200MPa described in claim 1, its step：
1）Smelt and become base：Carbon content in endpoint molten steel is controlled to be not less than 0.1%, tapping temperature is at 1645～1710 DEG C；Terminal oxygen
Content≤50ppm；
2）By heating steel billet：Control heating-up temperature at 1165～1250 DEG C, temperature retention time is in 100～145min；
3）Carry out hot rolling：Control roughing start rolling temperature at 1220～1240 DEG C；Control finish rolling finishing temperature at 850～900 DEG C；
4）Carry out Water cooling：It is to be cooled to 300～500 DEG C under 45～65 DEG C/min or 85 ~ 110 DEG C/min in rate of cooling；
5）Carry out cheating cold：It is cooled to room temperature.
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| CN112063923B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-22 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | 1300 MPa-grade RE-containing chalcogenide free-cutting steel 60mm bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN113462983B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-12-31 | 安徽工业大学 | Lock body steel easy to drill and fast in chip removal and preparation method thereof |
| CN114107820B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-02 | 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 | Steel plate with elongation more than 30% and good cutting performance and production method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101338398A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-01-07 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High strength non-quenched and tempered free machining steel for automobile connecting bar and technological process thereof |
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| JPH06145890A (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-27 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High strength and high toughness free cutting steel |
| JP3475706B2 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2003-12-08 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | High-strength, high-toughness tempered steel with excellent machinability |
| DE60035616T2 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2008-04-10 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd., Himeji | LEAD-FREE MACHINE BLAST WITH EXCELLENT PROCESSABILITY AND REDUCED ANISOTROPY OF STRENGTH |
| JP2004332078A (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-25 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Free-cutting steel for machine structure use excellent in scrap disposal |
| JP4193998B1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-12-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Machine structural steel excellent in machinability and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101338398A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-01-07 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High strength non-quenched and tempered free machining steel for automobile connecting bar and technological process thereof |
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