CN104178224B - A kind of gas distributor, gasification furnace and carbonaceous material gasification process - Google Patents
A kind of gas distributor, gasification furnace and carbonaceous material gasification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104178224B CN104178224B CN201410386221.7A CN201410386221A CN104178224B CN 104178224 B CN104178224 B CN 104178224B CN 201410386221 A CN201410386221 A CN 201410386221A CN 104178224 B CN104178224 B CN 104178224B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of gas distributor, gasification furnace and carbonaceous material gasification process, is related to carbonaceous material gasification technology field.The gas distributor includes：Bottom is provided with the conical distribution plate of slag-drip opening, at least one jet pipe being disposed through on the conical distribution plate, forms vortex via the gasifying agent in the space surrounded into the conical distribution plate by each jet pipe；Wherein, the jet pipe includes：Central inner pipe, at least one outer tube being sleeved on the central inner pipe and are formed with annular space between at least one outer tube at the central inner pipe.When the gas distributor is used for carbonaceous material gasification technology, can mitigate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbonaceous material gasification technology field, more particularly to a kind of gas distributor, gasification furnace and carbon containing thing
Material gasification process.
Background technology
At present, coal is mainly used by way of directly burning, but directly the mode of burning causes the utilization of coal
Rate is relatively low, while also polluting the environment.For this purpose, occurring in that a kind of Coal Gasification Technology, granular coal is converted into into coal gas, to carry
Pollution of the utilization rate and mitigation of high coal to environment.Coal Gasification Technology is referred to：There is gasification reaction with gasifying agent in granular coal,
Generate coal gas；Specifically, coal gasification is completed in gasification furnace, and granular coal is in the presence of gasifying agent from bottom to top
Motion, and there is gasification reaction generation coal gas with gasifying agent.
In Coal Gasification Technology, one of key factor of coal gasification is affected to be gasifying agent distribution situation, therefore, affect gasification
The design of the gas distributor of agent distribution situation is just particularly significant.In prior art, the gas distributor used by gasification furnace leads to
It is often perforated-plate distributor, perforated-plate distributor is divided into two kinds of flat board distributor and conical distributor；Wherein, flat board distributor by
In there are problems that material leakage and gasifying agent flowing, the less application in actual production；Therefore, conventional porous plate divides at present
Cloth device is conical distributor, and conical distributor includes conical distribution plate, some apertures, gasifying agent Jing are provided with conical distribution plate
Entered in gasification furnace by each aperture and gasification reaction occurs with granular coal, granular coal is converted into into coal gas.
For low-pressure gas technology, because the pressure in gasification furnace it is relatively low so that enter on conical distributor
The gasifying agent of the furnace inner space of side can allow granular coal fully gasification reaction to flow compared with high gas velocity；But, for
Mesohigh Coal Gasification Technology, because the pressure in gasification furnace is relatively large, enters the gasifying agent of above-mentioned furnace inner space via each aperture
Compression is serious, and the gas speed for causing gasifying agent into above-mentioned furnace inner space is relatively low, poor fluidity, is particularly having large-size particles
During the coal of shape participates in gasification, flow dead is easily formed in conical distributor；In addition, pressurization improves the gas of gasification furnace
Change intensity, i.e., the treating capacity of granular coal increases, for the gasification reaction of granular coal and superheated steam, calorific requirement
Increase, oxygen demand increase, but as the gas speed of the gasifying agent in above-mentioned furnace inner space is low, poor fluidity, granular coal with
It is slow that oxygen combustion liberated heat is transmitted, and so as to cause area of localized hyperthermia occur in above-mentioned furnace inner space, and then causes above-mentioned
There are the bad phenomenons such as granular coal sintering or slagging scorification in furnace inner space.
In sum, when gasification furnace carries out coal gasification using above-mentioned conical distributor, easily flowing is formed in gasification furnace
Simultaneously there are the phenomenons such as sintering and slagging scorification in dead band.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of gas distributor, gasification furnace and carbonaceous material gasification process, can mitigate gas
Change.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of gas distributor, including：Bottom is provided with the conical distribution plate of slag-drip opening, is disposed through the conical distribution
At least one jet pipe on plate, forms via the gasifying agent in the space surrounded into the conical distribution plate by each jet pipe
Vortex；Wherein, the jet pipe includes：Central inner pipe, at least one outer tube being sleeved on the central inner pipe, it is described in it is intracardiac
Manage and annular space is formed between at least one outer tube.
Preferably, the jet pipe includes an outer tube, the outlet of the gas outlet of the central inner pipe from the outer tube
Mouth stretches out.
It is preferred that it is the central inner pipe that the length of the gas outlet of the outer tube is stretched out in the gas outlet of the central inner pipe
1.2-3 times of wall thickness.
Alternatively, the central inner pipe is the consistent pipe of diameter；The outer tube is the consistent pipe of diameter, or, described
Outer tube is the reducer pipe that diameter attenuates at the gas outlet of the outer tube.
Preferably, the air inlet diameter of the outer tube is 1-3 times of the gas outlet diameter of the outer tube.
Further, it is provided between the central inner pipe and the outer tube for fixing the central inner pipe and being available for
The support member that gasifying agent passes through.
Preferably, the axial line of the central inner pipe is overlapped with the axial line of the outer tube.
It is preferred that the jet pipe quantity is for multiple, the axial line of each jet pipe respectively with the conical distribution plate in
The intersecting each point of side surface is located in same level.
Further, the jet pipe is at least divided into two groups, per group include several jet pipes, per group in each described jet pipe
The each point that intersects with the inner surface of the conical distribution plate respectively of axial line be located in same level, and respectively by each
The vortex flow direction formed by the gasifying agent of group jet pipe is identical.
It is preferred that angle is 0 ° -45 ° between the axial line and horizontal plane of each jet pipe；
The axial line of each jet pipe projection line in the horizontal plane, and through axial line and the cone of the jet pipe
The horizontal angle at the center of the intersecting point of the inner surface of shape distribution grid and the conical distribution plate is 20 ° -80 °.
Preferably, the conical distribution plate is provided with multiple apertures, a diameter of 0.5mm-5mm of each aperture；It is described
The percent opening of conical distribution plate is 0.1-1%.
Further, the gas distributor also includes：The scum pipe connected with the slag-drip opening, and with the deslagging
Pipe is connected for adjusting the gas blow pipe of the scum pipe deslagging speed.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of gasification furnace simultaneously, including：Gasification furnace shell, is connected with the gasification furnace shell respectively
Feeding line and outlet line, and be arranged at it is described gasification furnace shell in the gas distributor.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of carbonaceous material gasification process using the gasification furnace simultaneously, including：
Gas is passed through by furnace inner space of each jet pipe in the gasification furnace and above the conical distribution plate
Agent, the gasifying agent into the furnace inner space form vortex；
Carbonaceous material is added in from the feeding line to the gasification furnace, the carbonaceous material with the vortex flow,
And there is gasification reaction with the gasifying agent, the fuel gas of generation discharges the gasification furnace shell by the outlet line
Outward, the waste residue of generation is discharged by the slag-drip opening.
Preferably, the jet pipe includes an outer tube, and the gasifying agent includes superheated steam and oxygen；
The central inner pipe passes through for the superheated steam containing oxygen, the annular space between the outer tube and the central inner pipe
Superheated steam for not containing oxygen passes through, and the gas speed of the superheated steam for not containing oxygen by the annular space is more than passing through
The gas speed of the superheated steam containing oxygen of the central inner pipe；
There is combustion heat release reaction with the oxygen in a part of carbonaceous material, another part carbonaceous material is in the catalyst
Catalytic action under there is gasification reaction with the superheated steam, the heat needed for the gasification reaction is anti-by the combustion heat release
Should provide, carbonaceous material generates fuel gas and waste residue after it there is the combustion heat release reaction and the gasification reaction.
Alternatively, the superheated steam containing oxygen is 10m/s-100m/s by the gas speed during central inner pipe, is not contained
There is the superheated steam of oxygen to be when the superheated steam containing oxygen passes through the central inner pipe by the gas speed during annular space
1-2 times of gas speed.
Further, by the concentration of oxygen in the superheated steam of the central inner pipe be 0-40mol%.
When the gas distributor provided using the present invention carries out carbonaceous material to gasify, gasifying agent is entered via each jet pipe and is bored
The space surrounded by shape distribution grid, and vortex is formed, after carbonaceous material is entered in the vortex formed by gasifying agent, gas can be followed
Agent flows, meanwhile, there is gasification reaction with gasifying agent in carbonaceous material, generate fuel gas and waste residue.
Knowable to above-mentioned technical proposal, when carbonaceous material gasification reaction is carried out, conical distribution plate institute is entered by jet pipe
The gasifying agent in the space for surrounding forms vortex, and carbonaceous material flows under the drive of gasifying agent, so as to enhance conical distribution plate
The less turbulence in space for being surrounded, and then can prevent from forming flow dead；Fluidisation is also enhanced simultaneously and is conducted heat, so as to
It is also prevented from forming area of localized hyperthermia, and then carbonaceous material sintering, the appearance of slagging scorification phenomenon can be reduced.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the present invention, this
Bright schematic description and description does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the assembling schematic diagram one that gas distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention is installed in gasification furnace shell；
Fig. 2 is the front view of gas distributor in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the top view of gas distributor in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation one of jet pipe in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation two of jet pipe in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the assembling schematic diagram two that gas distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention is installed in gasification furnace shell.
Reference：
1- gasification furnace shells, 2- conical distribution plates,
3- jet pipes, 4- scum pipes,
5- air chambers, 6- apertures,
7- outer tubes, 8- central inner pipes,
9- annular spaces, 10- gas blow pipes,
11- horizontal planes.
Specific embodiment
In order to further illustrate gas distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, gasification furnace and carbonaceous material gasification process,
It is described in detail with reference to Figure of description.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are referred to, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of gas distributor, including：Bottom is provided with row
The conical distribution plate 2 of cinder notch, at least one jet pipe 3 being disposed through on conical distribution plate 2, enters taper via each jet pipe 3
Gasifying agent in the space surrounded by distribution grid 2 forms vortex；Wherein, each jet pipe 3 includes：Central inner pipe 8, is sleeved on center
At least one outer tube 7 in inner tube 8, central inner pipe 8 and is formed with annular space 9 between at least one outer tube 7.
When carbonaceous material gasification is carried out using above-mentioned gas distributor, gasifying agent enters conical distribution via each jet pipe 3
Space that plate 2 is surrounded simultaneously forms vortex, after carbonaceous material enters into the vortex formed by gasifying agent, can follow gasifying agent stream
It is dynamic, meanwhile, there is gasification reaction with gasifying agent in carbonaceous material, generate fuel gas and waste residue.
In above-mentioned gas distributor, the space surrounded into conical distribution plate 2 by jet pipe 3 by gasifying agent, and formed
Vortex, carbonaceous material flows under the drive of gasifying agent, so as to enhance the turbulence journey in the space surrounded by conical distribution plate 2
Degree, and then can prevent from forming flow dead；Fluidisation is also enhanced simultaneously and is conducted heat, so as to reduce carbonaceous material burning
Knot, slagging scorification phenomenon occur.
In the above-described embodiments, carbonaceous material is specifically as follows the fossil fuel of the carbon containings such as granular coal or coal tar, gas
Agent is specifically as follows one or more in superheated steam or carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, following for description side
Just, with carbonaceous material be granular coal, gasifying agent as superheated steam as a example by be described.
When being embodied as, conical distribution plate 2 is conical distribution grid or class cone distribution grid, in conical distribution plate 2
Bottom is provided with slag-drip opening；The cone angle c of conical distribution plate 2 can be 30 ° -120 °, in order to ensure sky that conical distribution plate 2 is surrounded
Between size and being easy to waste residue is discharged from slag-drip opening, it is preferable that cone angle c is 60 ° -90 °.In the setting track of conical distribution plate 2
Multiple installing holes are provided with, each jet pipe 3 is separately mounted in each installing hole, and conical distribution plate 2 is protruded in the gas outlet of each jet pipe 3
Inner surface, gasifying agent behind the space surrounded into conical distribution plate 2 by each jet pipe 3 formed vortex.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, jet pipe 3 includes an outer tube 7, the outlet of the gas outlet of central inner pipe 8 from outer tube 7
Mouth stretches out；During use, the superheated steam containing oxygen in central inner pipe 8, is passed through, in annular space 9, is passed through the overheated steaming for not containing oxygen
Vapour.When superheated steam is passed through to the space surrounded by conical distribution plate 2 by each jet pipe 3, into the overheated steaming in above-mentioned space
Vapour forms vortex, wherein, the superheated steam containing oxygen enters above-mentioned space by central inner pipe 8, does not contain the overheated of oxygen
Steam enters above-mentioned space by annular space 9 between outer tube 7 and inner tube 8, and the gasifying agent for not containing oxygen by annular space 9
Gas speed is more than the gas speed by the gasifying agent containing oxygen of central inner pipe 8；There is burning with oxygen in the coal of a part of particle shape
There is gasification reaction, gasified reverse with superheated steam under the catalytic action of catalyst in exothermic reaction, the granular coal of another part
Heat that should be required is provided by the reaction of above-mentioned combustion heat release, and granular coal is raw after it there is combustion heat release reaction and gasification reaction
Into coal gas and waste residue.
As the gas outlet of central inner pipe 8 is stretched out from the gas outlet of outer tube 7, and the mistake for not containing oxygen by annular space 9
The gas speed of vapours is fast more than the gas by the superheated steam containing oxygen of central inner pipe 8, such that it is able to control near jet pipe 3
Flow field, is formed about vortex in the tube wall periphery and gas outlet of stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8, such that it is able to effectively resistance
The only ash that produces on the tube wall periphery for stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8 and at gas outlet after granular coal and reaction
Deposition, and then slagging scorification can be reduced；It is additionally, since from central inner pipe 8 and annular space 9 superheated steam for spraying to take away
The ash generated after granular coal and reaction on the tube wall periphery for stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8 and at gas outlet, because
This ash produced after mitigating granular coal and reaction clashes into and scratches the phenomenon of jet pipe 3, and then reduces the abrasion of jet pipe 3
Degree, improves the service life of jet pipe 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the gas outlet of central inner pipe 8 is stretched out in centered on the length of the gas outlet of outer tube 7
1.2-3 times of the wall thickness of pipe 8, is so designed that, can pass through to control the flow field near jet pipe 3, so as to strengthen the flowing of gasifying agent
And the heat exchange degree at the formation of vortex, and then the gas outlet of reinforcing jet pipe 3, by granular coal at 8 gas outlet of central inner pipe
The heat occurred produced by combustion heat release reaction with oxygen changes away evacuation in time, reduces the slagging scorification at the gas outlet of jet pipe 3
Risk.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is referred to, in a preferred embodiment, central inner pipe 8 is all the consistent circle of diameter with outer tube 7
Pipe, or, central inner pipe 8 is the consistent pipe of diameter, outer tube 7 is the reducer pipe that diameter attenuates at the gas outlet of outer tube 7；It is preferred that
Ground, the air inlet diameter of outer tube 7 is 1-3 times of the gas outlet diameter of the outer tube 7.Outer tube 7 can be improved from ring using reducer pipe
The gas speed of the superheated steam that gap 9 sprays, the ash such that it is able to produce after further reducing granular coal and reaction are intracardiac in
Deposit on the tube wall periphery for stretching out 7 part of outer tube of pipe 8 and at gas outlet, and then slagging scorification can be reduced.
Further, for fixed center inner tube 8, it is provided between central inner pipe 8 and outer tube 7 for not containing oxygen
The support member (not shown) that superheated steam passes through.Specifically, support member is loop configuration, and loop configuration is provided with for not containing
Multiple holes that the superheated steam for having oxygen passes through, or, support member is multiple support blocks spaced along same circular trace.
Support member do not affect not contain the superheated steam of oxygen from annular space 9 by while, be additionally operable to fixed center inner tube 8 and
Ensure 9 size of annular space.Due to higher by the temperature of the superheated steam for not containing oxygen of annular space 9, therefore support member is by resistance to height
Adiabator is made.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the axial line of central inner pipe 8 is overlapped with the axial line of outer tube 7.It is so designed that so that
Annular space 9 between outer tube 7 and central inner pipe 8 is uniform so that by the superheated steam for not containing oxygen of annular space 9 equably from
The gas outlet of annular space 9 sprays, and prevents from forming area of localized hyperthermia because gasifying agent is uneven at the gas outlet of annular space 9, so as to reduce
The slagging scorification at the gas outlet of jet pipe 3.
In the gas distributor that above-described embodiment is provided, the quantity of jet pipe 3 can be one, but in order that enter taper
The superheated steam in space surrounded by distribution grid 2 is easily formed vortex, it is preferable that the quantity of jet pipe 3 is for multiple, and each jet pipe
The each point that 3 axial line is intersected with the inner surface of conical distribution plate 2 is located in same level；Specifically, please continue to refer to
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, between the axial line and horizontal plane of each jet pipe 3, angle a is 0 ° -45 °, and for the ease of installing, angle a preferably sprays
The axial line of pipe 3 angle corresponding when vertical with 2 plate face of conical distribution plate；The axial line of each jet pipe 3 is in the horizontal plane
Projection line, and in the axial line point and conical distribution plate 2 that intersect with the inner surface of conical distribution plate 2 of the jet pipe 3
The horizontal angle b of the heart is 20 ° -80 °；Say in further detail, as shown in figure 3, the throwing in the horizontal plane of the axial line of jet pipe 3
Hachure is AB, in the axial line point and conical distribution plate 2 that intersect with the inner surface of conical distribution plate 2 of the jet pipe 3
The horizontal line of the heart is BC, and the angle b between AB and BC is 20 ° -80 °；Preferably, angle b is 30 ° -60 °, in this angular range
In, the superheated steam sprayed from jet pipe 3 is more readily formed vortex.
It is noted that in above-mentioned embodiment, the axial line of each jet pipe 3 and the inner surface phase of conical distribution plate 2
The each point of friendship is located in same level, but not limited to this, the axial line of each jet pipe 3 and the inner surface phase of conical distribution plate 2
The each point of friendship may be located on different horizontal planes, specifically, and multiple jet pipes 3 are at least divided into two groups, and per group includes several sprays
Pipe 3, per group in each point that intersects with the inner surface of conical distribution plate 2 of axial line of each jet pipe 3 be located in same level,
And the vortex flow direction that formed by the superheated steam of each group jet pipe 3 respectively is identical.
Fig. 6 is referred to, in a preferred embodiment, conical distribution plate 2 is provided with multiple apertures 6, each aperture 6
A diameter of 0.5mm-5mm；The percent opening of conical distribution plate 2 is 0.1-1%.It is so designed that, enters and cone is located in gasification furnace
The superheated steam in furnace inner space above shape distribution grid 2 is made up of two parts, and a part is entered via jet pipe 3, another portion
Point be introduced into gasification furnace in be located at air chamber 5 below conical distribution plate 2, then enter via each aperture 6.Thus, above-mentioned cone
Shape distribution grid 2 can be reequiped by existing conical distribution plate, such that it is able to reduce making the cost of gas distributor.
In order to adjust the speed of waste discharge slag, on the basis of the respective embodiments described above, gas distributor also includes：With
The scum pipe 4 of slag-drip opening connection, and connect with scum pipe 4 for adjusting the gas blow pipe 10 of 4 deslagging speed of scum pipe.In taper
The bottom of distribution grid 2 is provided with scum pipe 4, makes the waste residue after gasification reaction enter scum pipe 4 via 2 bottom of conical distribution plate,
And gasification furnace is discharged from scum pipe 4, so that gas distributor is not limited by the furnace inner space of gasification furnace, improve gas distributor
Applicability；Additionally, the gas speed by adjustment by the gas of gas blow pipe 10, adjusts the deslagging speed of scum pipe 4, when passing through
Gas blow pipe 10 enter the gas of scum pipe 4 gas speed it is very fast when, the waste residue that the gas can be given in scum pipe 4 resistance upwards compared with
Greatly, thus deslagging speed can be slowed down；Conversely, when the gas of gas of scum pipe 4 speed being entered by gas blow pipe 10 being slower, the gas
The resistance known from experience to the waste residue in scum pipe 4 upwards is less, thus accelerates deslagging speed.It should be noted that through gas blow pipe
10 gas is specifically as follows gasifying agent or inert gas.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of gasification furnace, including：Gasification furnace shell 1, is connected with gasification furnace shell 1 respectively
Feeding line and outlet line, and be arranged in gasification furnace shell 1, any one gas that above-mentioned technical proposal is carried is distributed
Device.Specifically, please continue to refer to Fig. 1, conical distribution plate 2 is disposed through gasifying in furnace shell 1, the deslagging of conical distribution plate 2
Mouth is connected with scum pipe 4, and scum pipe 4 is passed down through gasification furnace shell 1, and each jet pipe 3 is each passed through default on gasification furnace shell 1
Installing hole on hole and conical distribution plate 2, and the inner surface of conical distribution plate 2 is protruded in the gas outlet of each jet pipe 3.
When carbonaceous material gasification is carried out using above-mentioned gasification furnace, gasifying agent is entered via each jet pipe 3 and is located in gasification furnace
Furnace inner space above conical distribution plate 2, and vortex is formed, carbonaceous material is added from feeding line, enters into gasifying agent institute shape
Into vortex in after, while following gasifying agent to flow, there is gasification reaction, the fuel gas of generation in carbonaceous material and gasifying agent
Discharged by outlet line, the waste residue of generation is discharged by slag-drip opening.Because gasifying agent enters meeting shape after above-mentioned furnace inner space by jet pipe 3
Into vortex, therefore, the less turbulence of above-mentioned furnace inner space is enhanced, and flow dead is formed such that it is able to prevent；Strengthen stream simultaneously
Change and conduct heat, prevent from forming area of localized hyperthermia, occur such that it is able to reduce carbonaceous material sintering, slagging scorification phenomenon.
Embodiment three
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of carbonaceous material gasification process, including：
101st, the furnace inner space by each jet pipe 3 in gasification furnace and above conical distribution plate 2 is passed through gasifying agent, enters
The gasifying agent for entering above-mentioned furnace inner space forms vortex；
102 from feeding line to gasification furnace in add carbonaceous material, carbonaceous material with vortex flow, and with gasifying agent occur
Gasification reaction, the fuel gas of generation are discharged outside gasification furnace shell 1 by outlet line, and the waste residue of generation is arranged by slag-drip opening
Go out.
Say in further detail, when carbonaceous material gasification is carried out, gasifying agent is entered via each jet pipe 3 and be located in gasification furnace cone
Furnace inner space above shape distribution grid 2, and vortex is formed, carbonaceous material is added from feeding line, on conical distribution plate 2
There is gasification reaction with gasifying agent in the furnace inner space of side, carbonaceous material, the fuel gas of generation discharges gasification furnace by outlet line
Outside housing 1, the waste residue of generation is discharged by slag-drip opening.Because gasifying agent can form vortex after jet pipe 3 enters above-mentioned furnace inner space,
Therefore the less turbulence of above-mentioned furnace inner space can be strengthened, flow dead is formed such that it is able to prevent, while strengthening fluidisation and passing
Heat, prevents from forming area of localized hyperthermia, occurs such that it is able to reduce carbonaceous material sintering, slagging scorification phenomenon.
In the above-described embodiments, carbonaceous material is specifically as follows the fossil fuel of the carbon containings such as granular coal or coal tar, gas
Agent is specifically as follows superheated steam or hydrogen, below with carbonaceous material be granular coal, gasifying agent as superheated steam as a example by
It is described.
In above-mentioned carbonaceous material gasification process, when jet pipe 3 includes an outer tube 7, central inner pipe 8 is for containing oxygen
Superheated steam passes through, and the annular space 9 between outer tube 7 and central inner pipe 8 passes through for the superheated steam for not containing oxygen, and passes through annular space
The gas speed of 9 superheated steam for not containing oxygen is more than the gas speed by the superheated steam containing oxygen of central inner pipe 8；
There is combustion heat release reaction, granular coal the urging in catalyst of another part with oxygen in the coal of a part of particle shape
Change effect is lower and superheated steam occurs gasification reaction, coal and oxygen of the heat needed for gasification reaction by above-mentioned a part of particle shape
The reaction of generation combustion heat release is provided, and granular coal generates fuel gas after the reaction of generation combustion heat release and gasification reaction and gives up
Slag.
Because the gas outlet of central inner pipe 8 is stretched out from the gas outlet of outer tube 7, and the mistake for not containing oxygen by annular space 9
The gas speed of vapours is fast more than the gas by the superheated steam containing oxygen of central inner pipe 8, such that it is able to control near jet pipe 3
Flow field, and vortex can be formed about in the tube wall periphery and gas outlet of stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8, such that it is able to have
The ash that effect is produced after preventing granular coal and reaction is on the tube wall periphery for stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8 and outlet
Deposition at mouthful, and then slagging scorification can be reduced；As the superheated steam sprayed from central inner pipe 8 and annular space 9 can be taken away
The ash produced after granular coal and reaction on the tube wall periphery for stretching out 7 part of outer tube of central inner pipe 8 and at gas outlet, because
The ash produced after this granular coal of mitigation and reaction clashes into and scratches the phenomenon of jet pipe 3, and then reduces the abrasion journey of jet pipe 3
Degree, improves the service life of jet pipe 3.
The above-mentioned superheated steam containing oxygen is passed through the furnace inner space above conical distribution plate 2 via central inner pipe 8,
The air inlet of central inner pipe 8 is connected with superheated steam source of the gas and oxygen source respectively, the temperature of superheated steam in superheated steam source of the gas
Degree is usually 300 ° -500 °, and in oxygen source, the temperature of oxygen is usually 20 ° -25 °.
For the formation for promoting to be vortexed, in a preferred embodiment, it is passed through in central inner pipe 8 containing the overheated of oxygen
The gas speed of steam is 10m/s-100m/s, and the gas speed that the superheated steam of oxygen is not contained in being passed through annular space 9 is to be passed through central inner pipe 8
In the superheated steam containing oxygen gas speed 1-2 times.
It is noted that in above-mentioned carbonaceous material gasification, granular coal is under gasifying agent effect in fluidisation
State, therefore, this carbonaceous material gasification mode is also referred to as fluidized gasification.Oxygen is included by the gasifying agent of central inner pipe 8
And superheated steam, superheated steam is included by the gasifying agent of annular space 9.Fuel gas includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane.
In order to prevent area of localized hyperthermia being formed in above-mentioned furnace inner space, and then there is slagging scorification phenomenon, therefore containing oxygen
In superheated steam, the concentration general control of oxygen is in 0-40mol%；In a preferred embodiment, set on conical distribution plate 2
There are multiple apertures 6, the superheated steam that Jing apertures 6 are entered can be the superheated steam containing oxygen, or not contain the overheated of oxygen
Steam, wherein, in the superheated steam containing oxygen, oxygen concentration is usually 0-20mol%.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of gas distributor, it is characterised in that include：Bottom is provided with the conical distribution plate of slag-drip opening, is disposed through institute
At least one jet pipe on conical distribution plate is stated, angle is 0 ° -45 ° between the axial line and horizontal plane of each jet pipe, via
Gasifying agent in the space surrounded into the conical distribution plate by each jet pipe forms vortex；Wherein, the jet pipe includes：
Central inner pipe, at least one outer tube being sleeved on the central inner pipe, the central inner pipe and at least one outer tube it
Between be formed with annular space.
2. gas distributor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the jet pipe includes an outer tube, described
Stretch out from the gas outlet of the outer tube gas outlet of central inner pipe.
3. gas distributor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that stretch out described outer in the gas outlet of the central inner pipe
The length of the gas outlet of pipe is 1.2-3 times of the wall thickness of the central inner pipe.
4. according to the arbitrary described gas distributor of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the central inner pipe is that diameter is consistent
Pipe；The outer tube is the consistent pipe of diameter, or, the outer tube is the reducing that diameter attenuates at the gas outlet of the outer tube
Pipe.
5. gas distributor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the air inlet diameter of the outer tube is the outer tube
1-3 times of gas outlet diameter.
6. gas distributor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that arrange between the central inner pipe and the outer tube
Have for fixing the central inner pipe and being available for the support member that gasifying agent passes through.
7. gas distributor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the axial line of the central inner pipe and the outer tube
Axial line overlap.
8. gas distributor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the jet pipe quantity is multiple, each jet pipe
The each point that intersects with the inner surface of the conical distribution plate respectively of axial line be located in same level.
9. gas distributor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the jet pipe is at least divided into two groups, and per group includes
Several jet pipes, per group in each described jet pipe axial line it is each with what the inner surface of the conical distribution plate intersected respectively
Point is in the same level, and the vortex flow direction for being formed by the gasifying agent of each group jet pipe respectively is identical.
10. gas distributor according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that the axial line of each jet pipe is in level
Projection line on face, with, the point intersected with the inner surface of the conical distribution plate through the axial line of the jet pipe and the cone
The horizontal angle at the center of shape distribution grid is 30 ° -60 °.
11. gas distributors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the conical distribution plate is provided with multiple apertures, often
A diameter of 0.5mm-5mm of the individual aperture；The percent opening of the conical distribution plate is 0.1-1%.
12. gas distributors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：The deslagging connected with the slag-drip opening
Pipe, and connect with the scum pipe for adjusting the gas blow pipe of the scum pipe deslagging speed.
13. a kind of gasification furnaces, it is characterised in that include：Gasification furnace shell, the feed pipe for connecting with the gasification furnace shell respectively
Line and outlet line, and be arranged at it is described gasification furnace shell in, the gas distributor as described in claim 1-12 is arbitrary.
A kind of 14. usage rights require the carbonaceous material gasification process of gasification furnace described in 13, it is characterised in that include：
Gasifying agent is passed through by furnace inner space of each jet pipe in the gasification furnace and above the conical distribution plate,
The gasifying agent into the furnace inner space forms vortex；
Carbonaceous material is added in from the feeding line to the gasification furnace, the carbonaceous material with the vortex flow, and with
There is gasification reaction in the gasifying agent, the fuel gas of generation is discharged outside the gasification furnace shell by the outlet line, raw
Into waste residue discharged by the slag-drip opening.
15. carbonaceous material gasification process according to claim 14, it is characterised in that
The jet pipe includes an outer tube, and the gasifying agent includes superheated steam and oxygen；
The central inner pipe passes through for the superheated steam containing oxygen, and the annular space between the outer tube and the central inner pipe is not for
Superheated steam containing oxygen passes through, and the gas speed of the superheated steam for not containing oxygen by the annular space is more than by described
The gas speed of the superheated steam containing oxygen of central inner pipe；
There is combustion heat release reaction with the oxygen in a part of carbonaceous material, another part carbonaceous material is made in the catalysis of catalyst
There is gasification reaction with the superheated steam with lower, the heat needed for the gasification reaction is provided by combustion heat release reaction,
Carbonaceous material generates fuel gas and waste residue after it there is the combustion heat release reaction and the gasification reaction.
16. carbonaceous material gasification process according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the superheated steam containing oxygen passes through
Gas speed during the central inner pipe is 10m/s-100m/s, and the superheated steam for not containing oxygen by the gas speed during annular space is
1-2 times by the gas speed during central inner pipe of superheated steam containing oxygen.
17. carbonaceous material gasification process according to claim 15, it is characterised in that by the overheated of the central inner pipe
In steam, the concentration of oxygen is 0-40mol%.
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| CN105950222B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2019-08-02 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fluidized gasification device |
| CN105925289B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2019-09-13 | 陕西首信实业有限公司 | A kind of combined vaporizing destructive distillation prepares low tar gas combustion apparatus |
| CN107083258B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2024-03-26 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification burner device |
| CN113072979B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-06-24 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification furnace and method for coal gasification |
| CN113443454B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-09-16 | 青岛惠城环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Continuous feeding device for waste plastic treatment |
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| CN204097421U (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-01-14 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of gas distributor and vapourizing furnace |
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| JPS6059955B2 (en) * | 1977-09-27 | 1985-12-27 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Fluidized bed gasifier |
| ZA848320B (en) * | 1983-11-05 | 1985-06-26 | Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag | Process and fluidised bed reactor for the gasification of carbonaceous solids |
| FR2581564B1 (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1993-05-07 | Bp Chimie Sa | FLUIDIZED BED APPARATUS HAVING A MULTI-SLOPE FLUIDIZING GRID |
| CN2740609Y (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2005-11-16 | 陕西秦能天脊科技有限公司 | Powdery coal gasifier of pressurized selecting ash-ejecting fluidized bed |
| CN100580060C (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2010-01-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multi-jet composite fluidized bed gasification device for coal and biomass |
| CN102827644A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2012-12-19 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Gas distributor for ash agglomerating fluidized-bed gasification furnace |
| CN103087778B (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-11-05 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Jet pipe, fluidized bed reactor with jet pipe and coal catalyzing and gasifying method |
| CN103897745B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-09-26 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Distribuor of fluidized bed, fluidized-bed reactor and its gasification process |
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