Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of system extracting flavones from plant stem-leaf, and it can realize the rapid extraction to flavones in plant stem-leaf, and in extract, the concentration of flavones is high, is convenient to follow-up concentrated and purified process and economize energy.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of system extracting flavones from plant stem-leaf, it is characterized in that: comprise set gradually first of firsts and seconds extraction is carried out to plant stem-leaf, two extraction elements, to first, material in two extraction elements carries out first of Separation of Solid and Liquid respectively, two filters, for collecting the extract storage tank of the filtrate of the first filtration devices, to the resin bed that flavones in extract adsorbs, to the eluent storage tank that the eluent after the flavones of resin bed absorption carries out wash-out is collected, to the vacuum concentration equipment that eluent concentrates, and the extract after concentrated is carried out to the freeze drying plant of dry powder process, heat exchanger is provided with between vacuum concentration equipment and the first extraction element, heat exchanger tube is provided with in eluent storage tank, the entrance of heat exchanger tube is connected with the concentrated solution outlet of vacuum concentration equipment, the outlet of heat exchanger tube is connected with freeze drying plant, exchanger heat fluid intake is connected with the gas vent of vacuum concentration equipment, heat exchanger cold fluid inlet is connected with the outlet of extractant storage tank and the filtrate (liquid of the second filter is connected, heat exchanger is cold, the outlet of hot fluid and first, the extractant import of two extraction elements is connected, first, two extraction elements comprise extractor and horizontally disposed shaft, mount pad is respectively arranged with in the middle part of the both sides lateral wall that extractor is relative, shaft two ends are rotatably installed in mount pad, shaft is connected with the 3rd driving mechanism, the axle body that shaft is positioned at extractor is provided with rabbling mechanism, the first adjusting part that the top of extractor is provided with dog-house and regulates the closure state of dog-house, the second adjusting part that the bottom of extractor is provided with discharge port and regulates the closure state of discharge port, second adjusting part comprises in extractor discharge port place, under be arranged in parallel first of circle, two strippers, first stripper and extractor are fixed with one, the side of the second stripper offers cannelure, second stripper consists of to be rotatably assorted around vertical the steel ball assembly that arranges in cannelure and extractor and is connected, first, the center of circle of two strippers is positioned on same plumb line, first, on two strippers, the circumference place of same radius size offers first respectively, two discharge ports, the lower face of the first stripper is arranged to by first, it is step-like that two step surface combinations are formed, the upper face of second step face and the second stripper fits, cavity is formed between First terrace and the second stripper upper face, first discharge port is opened on First terrace, first, the step place that two step surfaces are joined is provided with seal, the shape of seal and first, the step shape of two step surface junctions is consistent, second stripper is connected with the second driving mechanism.
Further scheme is: be provided with Microwave emission assembly in extractor, and extractor is arranged in frame, and frame comprises the feet that four vertical shapes are arranged, the bottom of feet is provided with gravity sensor.Rabbling mechanism is included in the spaced puddler of zigzag shape on shaft axle body, paddle is arranged on the end of puddler, be axially 30 ~ 60 ° with the angle of shaft axis for being articulated and connected and forming the jointed shaft that is articulated and connected between puddler and paddle, paddle increases gradually along the plate face width degree pointed near puddler one end away from puddler one end.Extractor internal face is provided with the flow-interfering bar of zigzag shape.
Detailed scheme is: the sidewall of extractor is sandwich, and sandwich forms wall chamber, and the entrance in wall chamber is connected with the gas vent of vacuum concentration equipment, and the outlet in wall chamber is connected with exchanger heat fluid intake.
In technique scheme, the heat energy of steam in vacuum concentration equipment is recycled, preheating is carried out to extract and extractant, realize the insulation/preheating before extract decompression distillation and heating extractant, thus economize energy, reduce production cost.Meanwhile, adopt two-stage to extract, effectively can shorten extracting cycle, the throughput rate of economize energy and raising flavones.Because flavones concentration is lower in the extract of acquisition when secondary extracts, therefore using the extractant that the filtrate after isolated by filtration was extracted as first time, thus improve the concentration of flavones in extract, be convenient to follow-up distillation and concentration process.In addition, regulate the second stripper to rotate by the second driving mechanism, make the corresponding and different layout of first and second discharge port on first and second stripper, thus realize the quickly discharging material of extractor and the closed of discharge port, thus save time, improve extracting efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes as shown in Figure 1, a kind of system extracting flavones from plant stem-leaf, comprise set gradually first of firsts and seconds extraction is carried out to plant stem-leaf, two extraction element A11, A12, to first, two extraction element A11, material in A12 carries out first of Separation of Solid and Liquid respectively, two filter A21, A22, for collecting the extract storage tank A3 of the filtrate that the first filter A21 filters, to the resin bed A8 that flavones in extract adsorbs, to the eluent storage tank A9 that the eluent after the flavones of resin bed A8 absorption carries out wash-out is collected, to the vacuum concentration equipment A4 that eluent concentrates, and the extract after concentrated is carried out to the freeze drying plant A5 of dry powder process, heat exchanger A6 is provided with between vacuum concentration equipment A and the first extraction element A11, heat exchanger tube is provided with in eluent storage tank A9, the entrance of heat exchanger tube is connected with the concentrated solution outlet of vacuum concentration equipment A4, the outlet of heat exchanger tube is connected with freeze drying plant A5, heat exchanger A6 thermal fluid inlet is connected with the gas vent of vacuum concentration equipment A4, heat exchanger A6 cold fluid inlet is connected with the outlet of extractant storage tank A7 and the filtrate (liquid of the second filter A22 is connected, heat exchanger A6 is cold, the outlet of hot fluid and first, two extraction element A11, the extractant import of A12 is connected.In technique scheme, the heat energy of steam in vacuum concentration equipment is recycled, preheating is carried out to extract and extractant, realize the insulation/preheating before extract decompression distillation and heating extractant, thus economize energy, reduce production cost.Meanwhile, adopt two-stage to extract, effectively can shorten extracting cycle, the throughput rate of economize energy and raising flavones.Because flavones concentration is lower in the extract of acquisition when secondary extracts, therefore using the extractant that the filtrate after isolated by filtration was extracted as first time, thus improve the concentration of flavones in extract, be convenient to follow-up distillation and concentration process.Filter, vacuum concentration equipment, freeze drying plant, heat exchanger, resin bed, extract storage tank all can adopt the device with corresponding function used in existing chemical industry to use, eluent storage tank adopts general solution reservoir transformation to obtain, tubulation shape or spiral helicine heat exchanger tube are installed in storage tank, solid material between neighboring devices adopts tape transport, and liquid material adopts pipeline and delivery pump conveying.
Extraction element A1 comprises extractor 10 and horizontally disposed shaft 151, mount pad is respectively arranged with in the middle part of the both sides lateral wall that extractor 10 is relative, shaft 151 two ends are rotatably installed in mount pad, shaft 151 is connected with the 3rd driving mechanism Q3, the axle body that shaft 151 is positioned at extractor 10 is provided with rabbling mechanism, the first adjusting part that the top of extractor 10 is provided with dog-house and regulates the closure state of dog-house, the second adjusting part that the bottom of extractor 10 is provided with discharge port and regulates the closure state of discharge port, first, the horizontally disposed flashboard that two adjusting parts can be extractor 10 top or bottom setting is formed, flashboard can manually regulate, also can by flashboard and drive its feed screw nut's adjusting part of movement or the piston rod of cylinder are connected in the horizontal direction, utilize electronic or pneumatic adjustment.It should be noted that; in the present invention, for the ease of briefly, clearly the scope that request of the present invention is protected being described, therefore; be not sealed into line description to what extractor 10 exists extractant leakage place, this is also the common practise understood of those of ordinary skill in the art and routine operation means certainly.
In the present invention, the following scheme of preferred employing, as Fig. 2, shown in 4, the slide rail 12 that the grooved part that first adjusting part comprises opening upwards is formed, the vacancy portion that grooved part bottom land is offered forms dog-house, slide rail 12 is arranged in the horizontal direction, slide rail 12 is provided with slide block 13, slide block 13 and slide rail 12 form slide-and-guide along the length direction of slide rail 12 and are connected and coordinate, the bottom surface of slide block 13 and the bottom land of grooved part fit, slide block 13 is provided with the hopper 14 that vertical shape is arranged, slide block 13 with expect bottom hopper 14 that opening shape is offered in the junction of mouth, slide block 13 is connected with the first driving mechanism Q1.Moved by the first driving mechanism adjusting slider 13, make the vacancy portion on slide block 13 corresponding with the charge door on slide rail 12 and different, thus realize the rapid loading of extractor 10 and the closed of charge door, simultaneously when extracting, operating personnel, can add by charging device the inventory that next batch needs add in hopper 14, so just not to need after extractor 10 completes extraction operation weighing again to add, thus save time, improve raw material extraction efficiency.
Preferably according to such as Fig. 2, shown in 3, scheme is implemented, and the second adjusting part comprises in extractor 10 discharge port place, under be arranged in parallel first of circle, two strippers 16, 17, first stripper 16 and extractor 10 are fixed with one, and the side of the second stripper 17 offers cannelure, and the second stripper 17 consists of to be rotatably assorted around vertical the steel ball assembly 18 that arranges in cannelure and extractor 10 and is connected, and first, two strippers 16, the center of circle of 17 is positioned on same plumb line, and first, on two strippers, the circumference place of same radius size offers first respectively, two discharge port 16a, 17a, the lower face of the first stripper 16 is arranged to by first, two step surfaces 161, it is step-like that 162 combinations are formed, and the upper face of second step face 162 and the second stripper 17 fits, and form cavity between First terrace 161 and the second stripper 17 upper face, the first discharge port 16a is opened on First terrace 161, and first, the step place that two step surfaces are joined is provided with seal 163, the shape of seal 163 and first, the step shape of two step surface junctions is consistent, and the second stripper 17 is connected with the second driving mechanism Q2, preferably scheme as shown in Figure 5, and first, the outline of two step surface junctions is arc, like this seal is set to arc, and seal can adopt O-ring seals.The second stripper 17 is regulated to rotate by the second driving mechanism Q2, make first and second discharge port on first and second stripper corresponding and different, thus realize, to the quickly discharging material of extractor 10 and the closed of discharge port, realizing quickly discharging material, thus save time, improve extraction efficiency.
In the present invention, first, second and third driving mechanism can adopt electronic formation, and certain first driving mechanism also can adopt cylinder to form, and the 3rd driving mechanism also can adopt setting operation handle to carry out manual adjustments, and extractor 10 profile is cydariform or elliposoidal.
Further scheme is: be provided with ultrasound emission assembly or Microwave emission assembly in extractor 10, and ultrasound emission assembly or Microwave emission assembly can improve extraction efficiency and the recovery rate of plant actives, shortens the utilization rate of cycle and raising raw material.Extractor 10 is arranged in frame 11, frame 11 comprises the feet 11 that four vertical shapes are arranged, the bottom of feet 11 is provided with gravity sensor 111, gravity sensor 111 can be measured the weight of whole extraction equipment in real time and be shown by display, such operating personnel just accurately can learn the feeding quantity of each material in real time, thus realize feeding intake according to best material ratio.Rabbling mechanism is included in the spaced puddler 152 of zigzag shape on shaft 151 axle body, paddle 153 is arranged on the end of puddler 152, it is axially 30 ~ 60 ° with the angle of shaft 151 axis for being articulated and connected and forming the jointed shaft that is articulated and connected between puddler 152 and paddle 153, paddle 153 increases gradually along the plate face width degree pointed near puddler 152 one end away from puddler 152 one end, such rabbling mechanism can make the stirring of material more abundant, well can protect rabbling mechanism simultaneously, rabbling mechanism torsional deformation is caused when preventing solid material from tangling, paddle 153 rotational angle on puddler 152 is not easily excessive, the angle of general rotation is 1 ~ 2 °.Extractor 10 internal face is provided with the flow-interfering bar of zigzag shape, the setting of flow-interfering bar is also the adequacy in order to realize material stirring.
Detailed scheme is: slide block 13 is that a strip plate is formed, the two ends of slide block 13 are respectively arranged with hopper 14, the outside of two hoppers 14 arranges material respectively and adds mechanism, realize adding of various materials, the sidewall of extractor 10 is sandwich, sandwich forms wall chamber, and the entrance in wall chamber is connected with the gas vent of vacuum concentration equipment, and the outlet in wall chamber is connected with exchanger heat fluid intake.
In a word, extraction system provided by the invention, effectively can realize adding fast and unloading of material, realizes the high concentration rapid extraction of plant flavone, improves the extraction efficiency of plant flavone.The present invention can be used for the extraction of azalea flavones and active Chinese drug component component.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.