CN104165743B - Torsional vibration of shafting simulator stand and method of testing thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench and a testing method thereof. The simulation test bench includes a rotating shaft, a torsional vibration sensor, a controller, a driving device, and a load torque generating device. Both the torsional vibration sensor and the load torque generating device are Installed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is used to simulate the shafting of the hybrid excavator power system; the data output end of the torsional vibration sensor is connected to the data input end of the controller, the driving device drives the rotating shaft and the load torque generating device to rotate, and the load rotates The torque generating device changes the load torque of the shaft through a pulley mechanism, and simulates the torsional vibration of the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator through the torsional vibration of the shaft under the load torque; then obtains the torsional vibration amplitude of the shaft through the torsional vibration sensor , and input the torsional vibration amplitude data to the controller for data processing analysis and testing. The invention has the advantages of simple operation and simple structure, and can apply an adjustable load torque with short-term impact characteristics to the shaft system.

Description

Shaft torsional vibration simulation test bench and its test method

technical field

The invention relates to a torsional vibration simulation test bench and a test method, in particular to a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench and a test method which are particularly suitable for hybrid excavators.

Background technique

Hybrid excavators have advantages in saving fuel consumption and reducing pollutant emissions, which is one of the development trends of excavators. The development of hybrid excavators has a short period of time, and many key technologies are still immature, so hybrid excavators are still in the stage of development and improvement.

The hybrid excavator power system will generate torsional vibration in the shafting after the ISG motor is introduced. The test results show that the torsional vibration of the shafting of the hybrid power system is likely to cause serious accidents such as shafting fracture. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out in-depth research on the torsional vibration phenomenon of the hybrid power system shafting. However, considering the compact and complex structure of the power system of the existing hybrid excavator, it is not suitable to be directly used as a test platform to carry out related research on the torsional vibration test of the shaft system of the hybrid power system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench with simple structure, low cost and accurate test results for the research of shafting torsional vibration of hybrid excavator power system.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a simple operation, simple structure, capable of simulating the rotational motion of the shafting of the power system, and capable of applying an adjustable load to the shafting, which has short-term impact characteristics. The torsional vibration simulation test bench of the shafting system provides a corresponding test method with simple operation, accurate and reliable test results, and adjustable load torque.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench, the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench includes a rotating shaft, a torsional vibration sensor, a controller, a driving device and a load torque generating device , the torsional vibration sensor and the load torque generating device are installed on the rotating shaft, the data output end of the torsional vibration sensor is connected to the data input end of the controller, the driving device drives the rotating shaft and the load torque generating device to rotate, the The load torque generating device mainly changes the load torque of the rotating shaft through a pulley mechanism.

In the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench described above, preferably, the load torque generating device includes a pulley and an eccentric pulley, the load torque generating device is installed on the rotating shaft through the pulley, and the pulley and the eccentric pulley are connected by a transmission belt. The optimized shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench is especially suitable for testing the torsional vibration of the shafting of the hybrid excavator power system. The load characteristics of the shafting of the hybrid excavator power system are different from those of general machinery. The load also has short-term impact characteristics, and the preferred pulley mechanism is not only very simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to adjust, but also can realize periodic changes in the short-term impact load torque of the shaft.

More preferably, the rotating shaft is preferably an elastic shaft, one end of the elastic shaft is connected to the center of the pulley, the other end is connected to the driving device or to a bearing, and the driving device provides the load torque generating device through the elastic shaft. power. Another preferred solution is that one end of the elastic shaft is connected to the center of the pulley, the other end is connected to a bearing, the bearing is fixed on the base, and the driving device provides power to the elastic shaft through the load torque generating device. The preferred elastic shaft is expected to produce more significant torsional vibration under the same load torque, so as to analyze the impact of load changes, and to simulate the hybrid system shafting with different stiffness by replacing the elastic shaft with different parameters.

In the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench described above, preferably, the torsional vibration sensor includes a torsional vibration tester and an encoder for acquiring fluctuations in rotational speed of the rotating shaft; the output end of the encoder is connected to the torsional vibration tester. More preferably, the encoder is installed concentrically with the rotating shaft, and the number of output pulses of the encoder is not less than 60 for every revolution of the rotating shaft, and the testing accuracy of the torsional vibration tester is not less than 0.001°.

In the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench described above, preferably, the driving device is an electric motor, the output end of the controller is connected to the control end of the driving device, and the electric motor is connected to the rotating shaft or the load torque through a shaft coupling. The generating device is connected, and the controller changes the application frequency of the load torque of the rotating shaft by changing the rotation speed of the motor.

As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a method for testing the torsional vibration of the shafting system using the above-mentioned shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench. The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench is used to test the dynamic The torsional vibration of the shaft system of the system includes the following steps:

The elastic shaft is used to simulate the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator; the elastic shaft is driven to rotate through the driving device;

One end of the elastic shaft is equipped with the load torque generating device;

simulating the torsional vibration of the hybrid excavator power system shafting through the torsional vibration of the elastic shaft under the external load generated by the load torque generating device;

The torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft is obtained through the torsional vibration sensor, and the torsional vibration amplitude data is input to the controller for data processing analysis and testing.

In the above test method, preferably, the load torque generating device changes the load torque of the elastic shaft through a pulley mechanism, and the pulley mechanism is driven by a pulley installed at one end of the elastic shaft, and the rotating It is transmitted to another eccentric pulley. During the transmission process, the center distance between the eccentric pulley and the pulley changes based on the action of the eccentric pulley, which changes the tension of the transmission belt, which in turn causes a change in the load torque of the elastic shaft, thereby realizing Application of elastic shaft load torque.

In the above test method, preferably, the torsional vibration sensor first obtains the fluctuation of the rotational speed of the elastic shaft through an encoder, and then obtains the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft through a torsional vibration tester.

In the above test method, preferably, the controller changes the rotation speed of the driving device, and the application frequency of the elastic shaft load torque is changed by changing the rotation speed of the driving device.

In the above test method, preferably, the load torque of the elastic shaft is changed by adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric pulley when it is installed.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to install and easy to operate, can apply adjustable load torque to the shafting, and can well simulate the torsional vibration of the shafting of the hybrid excavator power system , to provide reliable support for the follow-up research on torsional vibration research and performance testing of hybrid excavator power system shafting;

(2) In the preferred technical solution of the present invention, various test parameters can be well adjusted and controlled; the present invention simulates the movement of the shaft system of the hybrid power system through the motor-driven elastic shaft, and the load of the elastic shaft can be realized by controlling the change of the motor speed. The adjustment of torque application frequency; the periodic change of the load torque of the elastic shaft can be realized through the pulley and the eccentric pulley; the load torque of the elastic shaft can be changed by adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric pulley when it is installed;

(3) The load torque generating device of the present invention is not only simple in structure and reliable in operation, but also has the effect of overprotecting the applied load due to the elastic contact between the pulley mechanism and the elastic shaft.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation test bench for torsional vibration of a shaft system of a hybrid excavator power system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the motion state of the load torque generating device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the distance between the centers of the circles is the closest.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the motion state of the load torque generating device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the distance from the center of the circle is the farthest.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a simulation test bench for torsional vibration of a shaft system of a hybrid excavator power system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

illustration

1. Elastic shaft; 2. Load torque generating device; 3. Torsional vibration sensor; 4. Controller; 5. Driving device; 6. Encoder; 7. Torsional vibration tester; 8. Pulley; 9. Eccentric pulley 10. Transmission belt; 11. Coupling; 12. Bearing; 13. Base.

detailed description

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed, affixed, connected or communicated with" another element, it may be directly fixed, affixed, connected or communicated with another element , can also be indirectly fixed, affixed, connected or communicated with another element through other intermediate connectors.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terminology used herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, various materials, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

Example 1 :

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench for testing a hybrid excavator power system according to the present invention includes an elastic shaft 1, a load torque generating device 2, a torsional vibration sensor 3, a control device 4 and drive unit 5. Both the torsional vibration sensor 3 and the load torque generating device 2 are installed on the elastic shaft 1, the data output end of the torsional vibration sensor 3 is connected to the data input end of the controller 4, and the output end of the controller 4 is connected to the control of the driving device 5 At the end, the driving device 5 drives the elastic shaft 1 to rotate, and the load torque generating device 2 mainly changes the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 through a pulley mechanism. The driving device 5 in this embodiment is a motor, which is connected to the elastic shaft 1 through a coupling 11 , and the controller 4 changes the frequency of applying load torque to the elastic shaft 1 by changing the rotational speed of the motor.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the load torque generating device 2 of this embodiment includes a pulley 8 and an eccentric pulley 9, the load torque generating device 2 is installed on the elastic shaft 1 through the pulley 8, and the pulley 8 and the eccentric pulley 9 are connected by transmission belt 10. As shown in Figure 1, one end of the elastic shaft 1 is connected to the center of the pulley 8, and the other end is connected to the driving device 5, and the driving device 5 provides power to the load torque generator 2 through the elastic shaft 1, so that the elastic shaft 1 and the load The pulley 8 of the torque generator 2 rotates.

As shown in Figure 1, the torsional vibration sensor 3 of this embodiment includes a torsional vibration tester 7 and an encoder 6 for obtaining the fluctuation of the rotational speed of the elastic shaft 1; the output end of the encoder 6 is connected with the torsional vibration tester 7, and the torsional vibration test The output terminal of instrument 7 is connected with the input terminal of controller 4. The encoder 6 is installed on the elastic shaft 1 and close to the end connected to the driving device 5. The encoder 6 is installed concentrically with the elastic shaft 1. When the elastic shaft 1 rotates once, the number of output pulses of the encoder 6 is not less than 60. The test accuracy of the vibration tester 7 is not less than 0.001°, and the torsional vibration tester 7 obtains the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1 through the encoder 6 and stores it in the controller 4 .

The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench of this embodiment is used to test the shafting torsional vibration of the power system of a hybrid excavator. The working method and principle of the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench of this embodiment are as follows:

The elastic shaft 1 is used to simulate the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator; the elastic shaft 1 is driven to rotate through the driving device 5; The pulley mechanism changes the load torque of the elastic shaft 1, and simulates the torsional vibration of the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator through the torsional vibration of the elastic shaft 1 under the external load generated by the load torque generator 2; and then through the torsional vibration sensor 3 Obtain the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1, and input the torsional vibration amplitude data to the controller 4 for data processing analysis and testing.

In this embodiment, the working mechanism of the load torque generating device 2 changing the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 through the pulley mechanism is: when the simulation test bench is working, the controller 4 controls the start of the driving device 5, and the driving device 5 passes through the shaft coupling. The device 11 drives the elastic shaft 1 to rotate, and the load torque generating device 2 includes a pulley 8 and an eccentric pulley 9. One end of the elastic shaft 1 is connected to the center of the pulley 8, so the rotation of the elastic shaft 1 drives the pulley 8 to rotate; 8 and the eccentric pulley 9 are connected by a transmission belt 10, so the pulley 8 transmits the rotation to the eccentric pulley 9 through the transmission belt 10; the eccentric pulley 9 can be fixed on a base through a bearing; as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, C1 is the center of the pulley 8, C2 is the center of the eccentric pulley 9, C3 is the rotation center of the eccentric pulley 9, C1, C2 and C3 are on the same straight line, and the distance between C2 and C3 is e, during the transmission process The effect of the middle eccentric pulley 9 will change the center distance between the eccentric pulley 9 and the pulley 8. When moving to the state shown in Figure 2, the center distance between the eccentric pulley 9 and the pulley 8 will be the smallest. When the state shown in Figure 3 is reached, the distance between the centers of the eccentric pulley 9 and the pulley 8 is the largest, and the length of the transmission belt 10 will change once during the movement of the eccentric pulley 9 during one rotation, and the load applied to the elastic shaft 1 rotates The moment will also change once, and when the eccentric pulley rotates continuously, the load torque to the elastic shaft 1 can be applied periodically. By implementing loading with an eccentric pulley, it is possible to apply short-term impact load torque. At the same time, by changing the outer profile shape of the eccentric pulley, different forms of short-term impact load torque can be realized.

Since the applied frequency of the load torque is the same as the rotational speed of the motor, the aforementioned applied frequency of the load torque can be changed by changing the rotational speed of the motor; and when the eccentric pulley 9 is installed, by changing the size of the eccentric distance between C2 and C3, Then the magnitude of the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 can be changed. The whole adjustment process is simple and convenient.

In this embodiment, the specific principle for the torsional vibration sensor 3 to obtain the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1 is: the torsional vibration sensor 3 first obtains the fluctuation of the rotational speed of the elastic shaft 1 through the encoder 6, and then obtains the elasticity of the elastic shaft 1 through the torsional vibration tester 7. The torsional vibration amplitude of the shaft 1 and the torsional vibration test data obtained by the torsional vibration tester 7 can be stored in the controller 4 for subsequent use.

Example 2 :

As shown in Figure 4, a shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench for testing a hybrid excavator power system of the present invention includes an elastic shaft 1, a load torque generating device 2, a torsional vibration sensor 3, a controller 4 and Drive device 5. Both the torsional vibration sensor 3 and the load torque generating device 2 are installed on the elastic shaft 1, the data output end of the torsional vibration sensor 3 is connected to the data input end of the controller 4, and the output end of the controller 4 is connected to the control of the driving device 5 At the end, the load torque generating device 2 mainly changes the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 through a pulley mechanism. The driving device 5 of this embodiment is an electric motor, which is connected with the load torque generating device 2 through a coupling 11, and the controller 4 changes the applied frequency of the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 by changing the rotational speed of the electric motor.

As shown in Figure 4, the load torque generating device 2 of the present embodiment comprises a pulley 8 and an eccentric pulley 9, the load torque generating device 2 is installed on the elastic shaft 1 through the pulley 8, between the pulley 8 and the eccentric pulley 9 Connected by transmission belt 10. One end of the elastic shaft 1 is connected to the center of the belt pulley 8, and the other end is installed on a bearing 12, the bearing 12 is fixed on the base 13, and the driving device 5 provides power to the elastic shaft 1 through the load torque generating device 2, The elastic shaft 1 and the pulley 8 of the load torque generator 2 are rotated.

As shown in Figure 4, the torsional vibration sensor 3 of the present embodiment includes a torsional vibration tester 7 and an encoder 6 for obtaining the fluctuation of the rotational speed of the elastic shaft 1; the output end of the encoder 6 is connected with the torsional vibration tester 7, and the torsional vibration test The output terminal of instrument 7 is connected with the input terminal of controller 4. The encoder 6 is installed concentrically with the elastic shaft 1, the number of output pulses of the encoder 6 is not less than 60 for each rotation of the elastic shaft 1, the test accuracy of the torsional vibration tester 7 is not less than 0.001°, and the torsional vibration tester 7 passes The encoder 6 acquires the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1 and stores it in the controller 4 .

The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench of this embodiment is used to test the shafting torsional vibration of the power system of a hybrid excavator. The working method and principle of the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench of this embodiment are as follows:

The elastic shaft 1 is used to simulate the shaft system of the hybrid excavator power system; the eccentric pulley 9 of the load torque generating device 2 is driven to rotate through the driving device 5, and the eccentric pulley 9 drives the pulley 8 to rotate through the transmission belt 10, and the elastic shaft One end of 1 is installed on the pulley 8, so the pulley 8 drives the elastic shaft 1 to rotate, and the load torque generating device 2 makes the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 undergo periodic and short-term impact changes through the pulley mechanism. 1 The torsional vibration under the external load generated by the load torque generating device 2 simulates the torsional vibration of the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator; then the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1 is obtained through the torsional vibration sensor 3, and the torsional vibration amplitude The value data is input to the controller 4 for data processing analysis and testing.

In this embodiment, the working mechanism of the load torque generating device 2 changing the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 through the pulley mechanism is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to the description in Embodiment 1 and accompanying drawings 2 and 3 . By implementing loading with an eccentric pulley, it is possible to apply short-term impact load torque. At the same time, by changing the outer profile shape of the eccentric pulley, different forms of short-term impact load torque can be realized. Since the applied frequency of the load torque is the same as the rotational speed of the motor, the aforementioned applied frequency of the load torque can be changed by changing the rotational speed of the motor; and when the eccentric pulley 9 is installed, by changing the size of the eccentric distance between C2 and C3, Then the magnitude of the load torque of the elastic shaft 1 can be changed. The whole adjustment process is simple and convenient.

In this embodiment, the specific principle of acquiring the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft 1 by the torsional vibration sensor 3 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

The description of the above embodiments is mainly to further illustrate the basic principles and main features of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention The invention also has various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench is characterized in that: the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench includes a rotating shaft, a torsional vibration sensor (3), a controller (4), a driving device (5) and a load torque The generating device (2), the torsional vibration sensor (3) and the load torque generating device (2) are installed on the rotating shaft, and the data output end of the torsional vibration sensor (3) is connected to the data input end of the controller (4) , the driving device (5) drives the rotating shaft (1) and the load torque generating device (2) to rotate, and the load torque generating device (2) mainly changes the load torque of the rotating shaft through a pulley mechanism; The load torque generating device (2) includes a pulley (8) and an eccentric pulley (9), the load torque generating device (2) is installed on the rotating shaft (1) through the pulley (8), and the pulley (8) and the eccentric The pulleys (9) are connected by a transmission belt (10); The rotating shaft is an elastic shaft (1), and one end of the elastic shaft (1) is connected to the center of the pulley (8); the other end is connected to the driving device (5), and the driving device (5) passes through the elastic shaft (1) Provide power to the load torque generating device (2); or, the other end of the elastic shaft (1) is connected to a bearing (12), the bearing (12) is fixed on the base (13), and the driving device (5) passes the load The torque generating device (2) provides power to the elastic shaft (1). 2. The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the torsional vibration sensor (3) includes a torsional vibration tester (7) and an encoder (6) for obtaining the fluctuation of the rotating shaft speed; The output end of the encoder (6) is connected with the torsional vibration tester (7). 3. The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: the encoder (6) is installed concentrically with the rotating shaft, and the output pulses of the encoder (6) are quite large every time the rotating shaft rotates one revolution For 60, the test accuracy of the torsional vibration tester (7) is not less than 0.001°. 4. The shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving device (5) is an electric motor, and the output end of the controller (4) is connected to the control of the driving device (5) At the end, the motor is connected to the rotating shaft or the load torque generating device through a coupling (11), and the controller (4) changes the application frequency of the rotating shaft load torque by changing the rotating speed of the driving device (5). 5. A method for testing the shafting torsional vibration with the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the shafting torsional vibration simulation test bench is used for testing The torsional vibration of the shaft system of the hybrid excavator power system includes the following steps: The elastic shaft (1) is used to simulate the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator; the elastic shaft (1) is driven to rotate through the driving device (5); Install the load torque generating device (2) at one end of the elastic shaft (1); Simulating the torsional vibration of the shaft system of the power system of the hybrid excavator through the torsional vibration of the elastic shaft (1) under the external load generated by the load torque generating device (2); Obtain the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic shaft (1) through the torsional vibration sensor (3), and input the torsional vibration amplitude data to the controller (4) for data processing analysis and testing; The load torque generating device (2) changes the load torque of the elastic shaft (1) through a pulley mechanism. The pulley mechanism is driven by a pulley (8) installed at one end of the elastic shaft (1), and passes through The transmission belt (10) transmits the rotation to another eccentric pulley (9). During the transmission process, the function of the eccentric pulley (9) changes the center distance between the eccentric pulley (9) and the pulley (8). The tension of the transmission belt (10) is increased, thereby causing a change in the load torque of the elastic shaft (1), thereby realizing the application of the load torque of the elastic shaft (1). 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the torsional vibration sensor (3) obtains the fluctuation of the rotation speed of the elastic shaft (1) through the encoder (6), and then through the torsional vibration tester (7) Obtain the torsional vibration amplitude of the elastic axis (1). 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the rotation speed of the drive device (5) is changed by the controller (4), and the elastic shaft (1) is changed by changing the rotation speed of the drive device (5). ) The application frequency of the load torque; the size of the load torque of the elastic shaft (1) is changed by adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric pulley (9) when it is installed.