CN104162759B - A kind of welding method of casing and fixture thereof - Google Patents
A kind of welding method of casing and fixture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104162759B CN104162759B CN201410406089.1A CN201410406089A CN104162759B CN 104162759 B CN104162759 B CN 104162759B CN 201410406089 A CN201410406089 A CN 201410406089A CN 104162759 B CN104162759 B CN 104162759B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
A welding method for casing, comprises the steps: to ensure that described in joint, upper mounting edge and described lower mounting edge exceed 0 ~ 0.2mm than described casing wall when mounted; Carry out manual argon arc welding positioning welding, carry out weld seam roll extrusion and profile correction by pincers worker; Welded by argonaut welding, carry out weld seam roll extrusion and profile correction by pincers worker, the position to be welded laser cutting punching of corresponding 12 place's boss on described casing wall; Carry out manual argon arc welding positioning welding to boss described in 12 places, pincers worker smoothing weld seam, ensures that joint boss exceeds 0 ~ 0.2mm than casing wall; Manual argon arc welding welds 12 place's boss; Pincers worker smoothing weld seam, corrects part machined surface profile degree, ensures to be not more than 0.5mm with model gap; Complete the welding of described casing.The welding method of a kind of casing provided by the present invention, can be good at controlling welding deformation, thus ensure that the size of casing finished product and profile tolerance meet the requirements.Present invention also offers the special fixture for above-mentioned welding method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machining method of an aircraft engine part, in particular to a welding method of a casing of an aircraft engine, and further provides a special clamp for the welding method.
Background
Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a casing for an aircraft engine, and fig. 2 shows a partially exploded sectional view of the casing shown in fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 1-2, the casing 1 is a typical thin-walled weldment formed by welding and combining an upper mounting edge 11, a lower mounting edge 12 and a casing wall 13, and the thickness of the casing wall 13 is only 0.8 mm. The casing wall 13 needs to be welded with 12 bosses in total. Therefore, the whole welding process is a key technology, the casing 1 is easy to deform during the welding process due to the thin thickness of the casing wall 13, and in addition, the longitudinal shrinkage and the transverse shrinkage are always generated during the welding process, and the upper mounting edge 11 is in a hole-shaft fit mode in a welding joint mode, so the upper mounting edge 11 is easy to collapse after the welding process is carried out, and therefore, if the dimension of the welding process is not tightly controlled, the casing wall 13 is easy to wrinkle into a wave shape after the welding process, so that the profile contour of the casing 1 cannot meet the design requirement. Furthermore, the upper mounting edge 11 and the lower mounting edge 12 and the bosses need to be finished after the casing 1 is welded, so that the quality of welding directly affects the final product delivery of the casing 1.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a casing welding method and a jig thereof, which can reduce or avoid the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a welding method of a casing, wherein the casing is formed by welding and combining an upper mounting edge, a lower mounting edge and a casing wall, and the thickness of the casing wall is 0.8 mm; 12 bosses are welded on the wall of the casing,
the welding method provides a first welding jig for welding the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, and a second welding jig for welding the boss,
the first welding fixture comprises a first base plate, the first base plate is provided with a mandrel, the first base plate is connected with a positioning plate which is used for placing the lower mounting edge and surrounds the mandrel through a plurality of first supports, the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of first supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the lower mounting edge tightly, each first supporting block is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate fixedly connected with the positioning plate is arranged in each hollow through hole, each first guide plate is connected with each first supporting block through a spring, each first supporting block is of a T-shaped structure, each first supporting block is provided with a first air guide hole, the outer side wall of each first supporting block is provided with an air guide through groove, and each first air guide hole is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve, the first threaded sleeve is provided with a first taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the first supporting block through the first threaded sleeve; the center of the mandrel is provided with an air hole, a plurality of second air guide holes are formed in the outer side of the mandrel, the air hole is communicated with the second air guide holes, and the second air guide holes are communicated with the first air guide holes through hoses;
the positioning plate is connected with a first support surrounding the mandrel and used for placing the casing wall through a plurality of second supports, a plurality of second supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the casing wall tightly are arranged on the first support, a hollow through hole is formed in each second supporting block, a second guide plate fixedly connected with the first support is arranged in each hollow through hole, each second guide plate is connected with the corresponding second supporting block through a spring, and each second supporting block is of a T-shaped structure;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a second threaded sleeve, the second threaded sleeve is provided with a second taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the second support block through the second threaded sleeve;
the positioning plate is connected with a clamp used for clamping the casing wall through a plurality of pull rods;
the first support is connected with a top ring for supporting the upper mounting edge through a screw rod;
the mandrel is connected with a cover plate used for clamping the upper mounting edge;
the core shaft is provided with a nut used for pressing the cover plate;
the second welding fixture comprises a second bottom plate, a plurality of brackets are arranged on the second bottom plate, the brackets are provided with tightening blocks for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes which are annularly arranged are arranged on the outer sides of the tightening blocks, a plurality of second pressing plates for pressing the lower mounting edge are arranged on the second bottom plate,
the welding method comprises the following steps:
step A, clamping and positioning the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall by using the first welding fixture, placing the lower mounting edge on the positioning plate, fixing the lower mounting edge through the first supporting block, and connecting the second air guide hole and the first air guide hole through the hose; placing the casing wall on the lower mounting edge, and adjusting the second thread insert to open the second support block so as to circularly position the casing wall; placing the upper mounting edge on the top ring, adjusting the screw rod, positioning the upper mounting edge through the second supporting block and the top ring, fixing the upper mounting edge through the cover plate, adjusting the positions of the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, and ensuring that the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge at the butt joint protrude 0-0.2 mm beyond the outer surface of the casing wall;
b, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the distance between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm;
step C, taking down the casing, rolling the welding line by a fitter to enable the welding line to be flush, and correcting the profile of the defective part by the fitter;
step D, clamping the casing on the first welding fixture, and welding two welding seams through automatic argon arc welding;
e, taking down the casing, rolling the welding line by a fitter to enable the welding line to be flush, correcting the molded surface by the fitter, and checking by comparing with a sample plate; bulging the whole inner molded surface, ensuring that the profile degree of the molded surface is within 1.0mm, and comparing the gap between the sample plate and the part to be not more than 0.5 mm;
step F, processing two end faces, an inner hole and an outer circle of the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge, processing a small hole on the end face of the upper mounting edge as an angular hole, and then performing laser cutting and punching on a position to be welded of the boss corresponding to 12 positions on the casing wall;
step G, clamping the casing by using the second welding fixture, placing the perforated casing on the second bottom plate, enabling the position of the hole machined in the step F to correspond to the support, pressing the lower mounting edge by using the second pressing plate, and adjusting the tensioning block to enable the casing wall to be in a tensioning state;
h, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the bosses at 12 positions, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the spacing between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm;
step I, taking down the casing, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, and ensuring that a boss at a butt joint is 0-0.2 mm higher than the wall of the casing;
step J, clamping the casing on the second welding fixture, and manually welding a boss at the position of 12 by argon arc welding;
k, taking down the casing, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, correcting the profile contour of the part, and ensuring that the gap between the casing and a sample plate is not more than 0.5 mm; and completing the welding of the casing.
Preferably, in step J, the top rods are used to butt against the two opposite tensioning blocks, and the two opposite bosses are welded.
The invention also provides a clamp for the welding method, which comprises a first welding clamp for welding the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, and a second welding clamp for welding the boss,
the first welding fixture comprises a first base plate, the first base plate is provided with a mandrel, the first base plate is connected with a positioning plate which is used for placing the lower mounting edge and surrounds the mandrel through a plurality of first supports, the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of first supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the lower mounting edge tightly, each first supporting block is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate fixedly connected with the positioning plate is arranged in each hollow through hole, each first guide plate is connected with each first supporting block through a spring, each first supporting block is of a T-shaped structure, each first supporting block is provided with a first air guide hole, the outer side wall of each first supporting block is provided with an air guide through groove, and each first air guide hole is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve, the first threaded sleeve is provided with a first taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the first supporting block through the first threaded sleeve; the center of the mandrel is provided with an air hole, a plurality of second air guide holes are formed in the outer side of the mandrel, the air hole is communicated with the second air guide holes, and the second air guide holes are communicated with the first air guide holes through hoses;
the positioning plate is connected with a first support surrounding the mandrel and used for placing the casing wall through a plurality of second supports, a plurality of second supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the casing wall tightly are arranged on the first support, a hollow through hole is formed in each second supporting block, a second guide plate fixedly connected with the first support is arranged in each hollow through hole, each second guide plate is connected with the corresponding second supporting block through a spring, and each second supporting block is of a T-shaped structure;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a second threaded sleeve, the second threaded sleeve is provided with a second taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the second support block through the second threaded sleeve;
the positioning plate is connected with a clamp used for clamping the casing wall through a plurality of pull rods;
the first support is connected with a top ring for supporting the upper mounting edge through a screw rod;
the mandrel is connected with a cover plate used for clamping the upper mounting edge;
the core shaft is provided with a nut used for pressing the cover plate;
the second welding fixture comprises a second bottom plate, a plurality of supports are arranged on the second bottom, the supports are provided with tightening blocks used for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes which are annularly arranged are formed in the outer sides of the tightening blocks, and a plurality of second pressing plates used for pressing the lower mounting edge are arranged on the second bottom plate.
Preferably, the second welding jig includes a push rod for connecting two opposite tightening blocks.
According to the welding method of the casing, provided by the invention, the welding deformation can be well controlled in the welding process by designing the special fixture, arranging the welding sequence of the parts and adding the step of correcting the molded surface of the part by a bench worker, so that the size and the profile degree of the finished casing are ensured to meet the requirements. The invention also provides a special clamp for the welding method.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a barrel for an aircraft engine;
FIG. 2 is a partially exploded cross-sectional view of the barrel of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an assembled state of a first welding jig according to a welding method of a casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first welding fixture of FIG. 3 in an exploded view;
FIG. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a partial sectional structural view illustrating an operation state of a second welding jig provided by a welding method of a casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are given like reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a barrel for an aircraft engine; FIG. 2 is a partially exploded cross-sectional view of the barrel of FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an assembled state of a first welding jig according to a welding method of a casing according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first welding fixture of FIG. 3 in an exploded view; FIG. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3; fig. 7 is a partial sectional structural view illustrating an operation state of a second welding jig provided by a welding method of a casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the invention provides a method for welding a casing, wherein the casing 1 is formed by welding and combining an upper mounting edge 11, a lower mounting edge 12 and a casing wall 13, and the thickness of the casing wall 13 is 0.8 mm; 12 bosses are welded on the casing wall 13,
the welding method provides a first welding jig 2 for welding the upper mounting rim 11, the lower mounting rim 12 and the casing wall 13, and a second welding jig 3 for welding the bosses,
the first welding fixture 2 comprises a first base plate 21, the first base plate 21 is provided with a mandrel 22, the first base plate 21 is connected with a positioning plate 23 surrounding the mandrel 22 and used for placing the lower mounting edge 12 through a plurality of first support columns 211, the positioning plate 23 is provided with a plurality of first support blocks 231 which are slidably connected and used for supporting the lower mounting edge 12 tightly, each first support block 231 is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate 232 fixedly connected with the positioning plate 23 is arranged in the hollow through hole, each first guide plate 232 is connected with the corresponding first support block 231 through a spring, each first support block 231 is of a T-shaped structure, each first support block 231 is provided with a first air guide hole 2311, the outer side wall of each first support block is provided with an air guide through groove 2312, and each first air guide hole 2311 is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove 2312;
the mandrel 22 is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve 24, the first threaded sleeve 24 is provided with a first conical block 241, and the mandrel 22 is connected with the first supporting block 231 through the first threaded sleeve 24; a vent hole 221 is formed in the center of the mandrel 22, a plurality of second air guide holes 222 are formed in the outer side of the mandrel 22, the vent hole 221 is communicated with the second air guide holes 222, and the second air guide holes 222 are communicated with the first air guide holes 2311 through hoses 223;
the positioning plate 23 is connected with a first support 25 surrounding the core shaft 22 through a plurality of second supports 233, the first support 25 is provided with a plurality of slidably connected second support blocks 251 for supporting the casing wall 13, the second support blocks 251 are provided with hollow through holes, second guide plates 252 fixedly connected with the first support 25 are arranged in the hollow through holes, the second guide plates 252 are connected with the second support blocks 251 through springs, and the second support blocks 251 are in T-shaped structures;
a second threaded sleeve 26 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 22, the second threaded sleeve 26 is provided with a second taper block 261, and the mandrel is connected with the second supporting block 251 through the second threaded sleeve 26;
the positioning plate 23 is connected with a clamp 28 for clamping the casing wall 13 through a plurality of pull rods 27;
the first support 25 is connected with a top ring 200 for supporting the upper mounting edge 11 through a screw 29;
the mandrel 22 is connected with a cover plate 201 used for clamping the upper mounting edge 11;
the mandrel 22 is provided with a nut 202 for pressing the cover plate 201;
the second welding fixture 3 comprises a second bottom plate 31, a plurality of brackets 32 are arranged on the second bottom plate 31, the brackets 32 are provided with tightening blocks 33 for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes 331 which are annularly arranged are arranged outside the tightening blocks 33, a plurality of second pressing plates 311 for pressing the lower mounting edge 12 are arranged on the second bottom plate 31,
the welding method comprises the following steps:
step a, clamping and positioning the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall by using the first welding fixture, placing the lower mounting edge 12 on the positioning plate 23, fixing the lower mounting edge 12 by using the first support block 231, and connecting the second air guide hole 222 with the first air guide hole 2311 by using the hose 223; placing the casing wall 13 on the lower mounting edge 12, and expanding the second supporting block 251 by adjusting the second screw sleeve 26 so as to circularly position the casing wall 13; placing the upper mounting edge 11 on the top ring 200, adjusting the screw 29, positioning the upper mounting edge 11 through the second supporting block 251 and the top ring 200, fixing the upper mounting edge 11 through the cover plate 201, repeatedly adjusting the positions of the upper mounting edge 11, the lower mounting edge 12 and the casing wall 13, and ensuring that the upper mounting edge 11 and the lower mounting edge 12 at the butt joint protrude 0-0.2 mm beyond the outer surface of the casing wall 13;
referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, the positioning plate 23 may be an annular plate, the periphery of which is provided with a protrusion, the inner diameter of the protrusion is the same as the outer diameter of the lower mounting edge 12, so that when the lower mounting edge 12 is placed on the positioning plate 23, the protrusion can initially position the lower mounting edge 12, the first guide plate 232 is connected to the first supporting block 231 through a spring, so that when the first screw sleeve 24 is loosened, the first supporting block 231 is inwardly contracted under the action of the spring, so that the lower mounting edge 12 can be conveniently installed, and when the lower mounting edge 12 is placed in place, the first screw sleeve 24 is screwed on the core shaft 22, and the first supporting block 231 is pushed through the first tapered block 241, so that the first supporting block 231 overcomes the elastic force of the spring to tightly support the lower mounting edge 12.
After the first screw sleeve 24 is tightened, the second air guide hole 222 is communicated with the first air guide hole 2311 through the hose 223, so that argon gas can be supplied to the air guide through groove 2312 through the air vent hole 221, thereby facilitating subsequent argon arc welding operation.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the first brace 231 may be composed of two parts, one part is a body 2301 for forced sliding, and the other part is a support 2302 for contacting the lower mounting edge 12 and the casing wall 13, so as to facilitate the processing of the annular air guide through groove 2312 on the support 2302, and the air guide groove is easily processed on the inner side of the support 2302, so that only the first air guide hole 2311 and its passage to the outer side need to be processed on the body 2301, thereby facilitating the processing and manufacturing of the first brace 231.
Referring to fig. 4-6, when the second barrel 26 is loosened, the second supporting block 251 is contracted inward by the spring connected to the second guiding plate 252, so that the casing wall 13 is installed, and when the casing wall 13 is installed, the second barrel 26 is tightened on the core shaft 22, the second supporting block 251 is pushed by the second block 261 to overcome the elastic force of the spring so that the second supporting block 251 tightly holds the casing wall 13, and then the clamp 28 is fixed by the pull rod 27 so that the clamp 28 tightly holds the casing wall 13 with the second supporting block 251.
Then, the upper mounting edge 11 can be placed on the top ring 200, the position of the top ring 200 is adjusted by rotating the screw 29, so that the position of the upper mounting edge 11 is adjusted to be well attached to the casing wall 13, and after the position is adjusted, the nut 202 is screwed down, and the upper mounting edge 11 is fixed through the cover plate 201.
The first supporting block 231 and the second supporting block 251 are both T-shaped, so that enough space is left between the adjacent first supporting blocks 231 or the adjacent second supporting blocks 251 for arranging the first supporting column 211, the second supporting column 233, the screw 29 and the like.
In this step, the upper mounting edge 11, the lower mounting edge 12 and the casing wall 13 can be fixed at positions to be welded by the special fixture, and the upper mounting edge 11 and the lower mounting edge 12 at the butt joint can be ensured to protrude 0-0.2 mm from the outer surface of the casing wall 13, so that a certain margin can be reserved for deformation in the welding process.
Step B, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the upper mounting edge 11, the lower mounting edge 12 and the casing wall 13, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the distance between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm; this makes the solder joint small enough to be eventually covered by the weld and securely positioned.
Step C, taking down the casing 1, rolling the welding line by a fitter, leveling the welding line, and correcting the profile of the defective part by the fitter; through the step, the defects of the tack welding possibly caused in the step B can be corrected by a bench worker, and the influence on the subsequent formal welding is avoided.
Step D, re-clamping the casing 1 on the first welding fixture 2, and welding two welding seams through automatic argon arc welding to ensure that the jump error of the two welded ends is not more than 0.3 mm; after the molded surface is corrected in the step C, after the automatic welding in the step C, the jump error of two ends after welding can be ensured not to be larger than 0.3 mm.
E, taking down the casing 1, rolling the welding line by a fitter, leveling the welding line, correcting the molded surface by the fitter, and checking by comparing with a sample plate; bulging the whole inner molded surface, ensuring that the profile degree of the molded surface is within 1.0mm, and comparing the gap between the sample plate and the part to be not more than 0.5 mm; after the welding in the step D is completed, the profile is corrected by a fitter, and the casing 1 is expanded on an expanding machine by using an expansion block, that is, the inner cavity of the casing 1 is tightly supported for a certain time, so that the welding deformation of the casing 1 can be eliminated, and the profile of the casing wall 13 tends to a correct position.
Step F, processing two end faces, inner holes and outer circles of the upper mounting edge 11 and the lower mounting edge 12, processing a small hole on the end face of the upper mounting edge 11 to be used as an angular hole, and then performing laser cutting and punching on a position to be welded of the boss corresponding to the position 12 on the casing wall 13;
step G, clamping the casing 1 by using the second welding fixture 3, placing the perforated casing 1 on the second bottom plate 31, enabling the position of the hole processed in the step F to correspond to the bracket 32, pressing the lower mounting edge 12 by using the second pressing plate 311, and adjusting the tensioning block 33 to enable the casing wall 13 to be in a tensioning state;
referring to fig. 7, the tightening block 33 may include an adjusting pin 3301 for coupling with the bracket 32, a pressing plate 3302 for applying a pushing force, and a profile block 3303 for engaging with the profile of the casing wall 13, so that the third air guide hole 331 corresponding to the periphery of the hole of the casing wall 13 is easily formed in the profile block 3303, and the connection with the air inlet hole of the pressing block 3302 is easily performed only by forming a through groove communicating with the third air guide hole 331 inside the profile block 3303. So that the manufacturing of the holding block 33 can be facilitated.
H, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the bosses at 12 positions, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the spacing between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm; this makes the solder joint small enough to be eventually covered by the weld and securely positioned.
Step I, taking down the casing 1, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, and ensuring that a boss at a butt joint is 0-0.2 mm higher than the casing wall;
step J, re-clamping the casing 1 on the second welding fixture 3, and manually welding a boss at the position 12 through argon arc welding;
k, taking down the casing 1, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, correcting the profile contour of the part, and ensuring that the gap between the part and a sample plate is not more than 0.5 mm; and completing the welding of the casing.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 7, in step J, the top bar 34 is used to butt against the two opposite blocks 33, and the two opposite bosses are welded. Thus, the welding deformation can be controlled by offsetting the welding stress of the casing wall 13 during welding.
The invention also provides a clamp for the welding method, which comprises a first welding clamp 2 for welding the upper mounting edge 11, the lower mounting edge 12 and the casing wall 13, and a second welding clamp 3 for welding the boss,
the first welding fixture 2 comprises a first base plate 21, the first base plate 21 is provided with a mandrel 22, the first base plate 21 is connected with a positioning plate 23 surrounding the mandrel 22 and used for placing the lower mounting edge 12 through a plurality of first support columns 211, the positioning plate 23 is provided with a plurality of first support blocks 231 which are slidably connected and used for supporting the lower mounting edge 12 tightly, each first support block 231 is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate 232 fixedly connected with the positioning plate 23 is arranged in the hollow through hole, each first guide plate 232 is connected with the corresponding first support block 231 through a spring, each first support block 231 is of a T-shaped structure, each first support block 231 is provided with a first air guide hole 2311, the outer side wall of each first support block is provided with an air guide through groove 2312, and each first air guide hole 2311 is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove 2312;
the mandrel 22 is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve 24, the first threaded sleeve 24 is provided with a first conical block 241, and the mandrel 22 is connected with the first supporting block 231 through the first threaded sleeve 24; a vent hole 221 is formed in the center of the mandrel 22, a plurality of second air guide holes 222 are formed in the outer side of the mandrel 22, the vent hole 221 is communicated with the second air guide holes 222, and the second air guide holes 222 are communicated with the first air guide holes 2311 through hoses 223;
the positioning plate 23 is connected with a first support 25 surrounding the core shaft 22 through a plurality of second supports 233, the first support 25 is provided with a plurality of slidably connected second support blocks 251 for supporting the casing wall 13, the second support blocks 251 are provided with hollow through holes, second guide plates 252 fixedly connected with the first support 25 are arranged in the hollow through holes, the second guide plates 252 are connected with the second support blocks 251 through springs, and the second support blocks 251 are in T-shaped structures;
a second threaded sleeve 26 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 22, the second threaded sleeve 26 is provided with a second taper block 261, and the mandrel is connected with the second supporting block 251 through the second threaded sleeve 26;
the positioning plate 23 is connected with a clamp 28 for clamping the casing wall 13 through a plurality of pull rods 27;
the first support 25 is connected with a top ring 200 for supporting the upper mounting edge 11 through a screw 29;
the mandrel 22 is connected with a cover plate 201 used for clamping the upper mounting edge 11;
the mandrel 22 is provided with a nut 202 for pressing the cover plate 201;
the second welding fixture 3 comprises a second bottom plate 31, a plurality of supports 32 are arranged on the second bottom plate 31, the supports 32 are provided with tightening blocks 33 for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes 331 which are annularly arranged are arranged on the outer sides of the tightening blocks 33, and the second bottom plate 31 is provided with a plurality of second pressing plates 311 for pressing the lower mounting edge 12.
In a preferred embodiment, the second welding jig 3 includes a jack bar 34 for connecting two opposite tightening blocks 33.
According to the welding method of the casing, provided by the invention, the welding deformation can be well controlled in the welding process by designing the special fixture, arranging the welding sequence of the parts and adding the step of correcting the molded surface of the part by a bench worker, so that the size and the profile degree of the finished casing are ensured to meet the requirements. The invention also provides a special clamp for the welding method.
It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that while the present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment. The description is given for clearness of understanding only, and it is to be understood that all matters in the embodiments are to be interpreted as including technical equivalents which are related to the embodiments and which are combined with each other to illustrate the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A welding method of a casing is characterized in that the casing is formed by welding and combining an upper mounting edge, a lower mounting edge and a casing wall, and the thickness of the casing wall is 0.8 mm; the wall of the casing is welded with 12 bosses, and the wall welding device is characterized in that a first welding clamp for welding the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the wall of the casing and a second welding clamp for welding the bosses are provided,
the first welding fixture comprises a first base plate, the first base plate is provided with a mandrel, the first base plate is connected with a positioning plate which is used for placing the lower mounting edge and surrounds the mandrel through a plurality of first supports, the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of first supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the lower mounting edge tightly, each first supporting block is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate fixedly connected with the positioning plate is arranged in each hollow through hole, each first guide plate is connected with each first supporting block through a spring, each first supporting block is of a T-shaped structure, each first supporting block is provided with a first air guide hole, the outer side wall of each first supporting block is provided with an air guide through groove, and each first air guide hole is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve, the first threaded sleeve is provided with a first taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the first supporting block through the first threaded sleeve; the center of the mandrel is provided with an air hole, a plurality of second air guide holes are formed in the outer side of the mandrel, the air hole is communicated with the second air guide holes, and the second air guide holes are communicated with the first air guide holes through hoses;
the positioning plate is connected with a first support surrounding the mandrel and used for placing the casing wall through a plurality of second supports, a plurality of second supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the casing wall tightly are arranged on the first support, a hollow through hole is formed in each second supporting block, a second guide plate fixedly connected with the first support is arranged in each hollow through hole, each second guide plate is connected with the corresponding second supporting block through a spring, and each second supporting block is of a T-shaped structure;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a second threaded sleeve, the second threaded sleeve is provided with a second taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the second support block through the second threaded sleeve;
the positioning plate is connected with a clamp used for clamping the casing wall through a plurality of pull rods;
the first support is connected with a top ring for supporting the upper mounting edge through a screw rod;
the mandrel is connected with a cover plate used for clamping the upper mounting edge;
the core shaft is provided with a nut used for pressing the cover plate;
the second welding fixture comprises a second bottom plate, a plurality of brackets are arranged on the second bottom, the brackets are provided with tightening blocks for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes which are annularly arranged are arranged on the outer sides of the tightening blocks, the second bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second pressing plates for pressing the lower mounting edge,
which comprises the following steps:
step A, clamping and positioning the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall by using the first welding fixture, placing the lower mounting edge on the positioning plate, fixing the lower mounting edge through the first supporting block, and connecting the second air guide hole and the first air guide hole through the hose; placing the casing wall on the lower mounting edge, and adjusting a second thread sleeve to open the second support block so as to circularly position the casing wall; placing the upper mounting edge on the top ring, adjusting the screw rod, positioning the upper mounting edge through the second supporting block and the top ring, fixing the upper mounting edge through the cover plate, adjusting the positions of the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, and ensuring that the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge at the butt joint protrude 0-0.2 mm beyond the outer surface of the casing wall;
b, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the distance between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm;
step C, taking down the casing, rolling the welding line by a fitter to enable the welding line to be flush, and correcting the profile of the defective part by the fitter;
d, clamping the casing on the first welding fixture, and welding the two welding seams in the step C through automatic argon arc welding;
e, taking down the casing, rolling the welding line by a fitter to enable the welding line to be flush, correcting the molded surface by the fitter, and checking by comparing with a sample plate; bulging the whole inner molded surface, ensuring that the profile degree of the molded surface is within 1.0mm, and comparing the gap between the sample plate and the part to be not more than 0.5 mm;
step F, processing two end faces, an inner hole and an outer circle of the upper mounting edge and the lower mounting edge, processing a small hole on the end face of the upper mounting edge as an angular hole, and then performing laser cutting and punching on a position to be welded of the boss corresponding to 12 positions on the casing wall;
step G, clamping the casing by using the second welding fixture, placing the perforated casing on the second bottom plate, enabling the position of the hole machined in the step F to correspond to the support, pressing the lower mounting edge by using the second pressing plate, and adjusting the tensioning block to enable the casing wall to be in a tensioning state;
h, performing manual argon arc welding positioning welding on the bosses at 12 positions, wherein welding points are smaller than 0.8mm, and the spacing between the welding points is not larger than 5 mm;
step I, taking down the casing, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, and ensuring that a boss at a butt joint is 0-0.2 mm higher than the wall of the casing;
step J, clamping the casing on the second welding fixture, and manually welding a boss at the position of 12 by argon arc welding;
k, taking down the casing, leveling a welding seam by a bench worker, correcting the profile contour of the part, and ensuring that the gap between the casing and a sample plate is not more than 0.5 mm; and completing the welding of the casing.
2. A welding method according to claim 1, wherein in step J, the pair of bosses facing each other is welded by using the ejector pin to butt against the pair of opposite stay blocks.
3. A jig used for the welding method according to claim 1, comprising a first welding jig for welding the upper mounting edge, the lower mounting edge and the casing wall, and a second welding jig for welding the boss,
the first welding fixture comprises a first base plate, the first base plate is provided with a mandrel, the first base plate is connected with a positioning plate which is used for placing the lower mounting edge and surrounds the mandrel through a plurality of first supports, the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of first supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the lower mounting edge tightly, each first supporting block is provided with a hollow through hole, a first guide plate fixedly connected with the positioning plate is arranged in each hollow through hole, each first guide plate is connected with each first supporting block through a spring, each first supporting block is of a T-shaped structure, each first supporting block is provided with a first air guide hole, the outer side wall of each first supporting block is provided with an air guide through groove, and each first air guide hole is communicated with the corresponding air guide through groove;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a first threaded sleeve, the first threaded sleeve is provided with a first taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the first supporting block through the first threaded sleeve; the center of the mandrel is provided with an air hole, a plurality of second air guide holes are formed in the outer side of the mandrel, the air hole is communicated with the second air guide holes, and the second air guide holes are communicated with the first air guide holes through hoses;
the positioning plate is connected with a first support surrounding the mandrel and used for placing the casing wall through a plurality of second supports, a plurality of second supporting blocks which are connected in a sliding mode and used for supporting the casing wall tightly are arranged on the first support, a hollow through hole is formed in each second supporting block, a second guide plate fixedly connected with the first support is arranged in each hollow through hole, each second guide plate is connected with the corresponding second supporting block through a spring, and each second supporting block is of a T-shaped structure;
the mandrel is fixedly connected with a second threaded sleeve, the second threaded sleeve is provided with a second taper block, and the mandrel is connected with the second support block through the second threaded sleeve;
the positioning plate is connected with a clamp used for clamping the casing wall through a plurality of pull rods;
the first support is connected with a top ring for supporting the upper mounting edge through a screw rod;
the mandrel is connected with a cover plate used for clamping the upper mounting edge;
the core shaft is provided with a nut used for pressing the cover plate;
the second welding fixture comprises a second bottom plate, a plurality of supports are arranged on the second bottom, the supports are provided with tightening blocks used for tightening the casing wall, a plurality of third air guide holes which are annularly arranged are formed in the outer sides of the tightening blocks, and a plurality of second pressing plates used for pressing the lower mounting edge are arranged on the second bottom plate.
4. A jig according to claim 3 wherein the second welding jig comprises a ram for connecting two opposed bracing blocks.
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| CN201410406089.1A CN104162759B (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2014-08-18 | A kind of welding method of casing and fixture thereof |
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| CN201410406089.1A CN104162759B (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2014-08-18 | A kind of welding method of casing and fixture thereof |
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| CN104162759B true CN104162759B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Address after: 412000 No. 2 Airway Road, Lusong District, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Hunan Nanfang General Aviation Engine Co., Ltd. Address before: 412002 No. 2 Aviation Road, Lusong District, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee before: AVIC HUNAN GENERAL AVIATION ENGINE CO., LTD. |