CN1041559C - Laser navigation aiding system and its using method - Google Patents
Laser navigation aiding system and its using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041559C CN1041559C CN95113331A CN95113331A CN1041559C CN 1041559 C CN1041559 C CN 1041559C CN 95113331 A CN95113331 A CN 95113331A CN 95113331 A CN95113331 A CN 95113331A CN 1041559 C CN1041559 C CN 1041559C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a laser navigation aid system used for a civil airplane to safely land. The laser navigation aid system is composed of a laser device 3, a laser device 4, a radar control instrument 1, a visibility laser detection instrument 2 and a controller 6, wherein the laser device 3 and the laser device 4 emit visual laser beams, are respectively installed an extension line of a runway boundary light 7 outside an airport runway head 5, are at both sides of a runway, and have a distance to the runway. The system can enable an aviator to discovery a 'laser glide navigation channel' from the distance over two times of the visibility of the weather at that time; an airplane can more safely land, and the present invention has important effect on flight normal rate enhancement, aircraft overshoot reduction, homeward, alternation, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to the device of aircraft landing, particularly a kind of navaid that is used for the landing of civil aviation aircraft safety.
It all is that aircraft enters in the airfield landing process that disastrous accident's great majority take place, special under the weather condition of complexity, and visibility is during near captain's standard, and situation is particularly outstanding.Some airfield runway heads are installed the sign of projector light as airfield runway at present, under complicated weather condition, projector light is radiated at and occurs a vast expanse of whiteness scattering optical screen in the mist, make the pilot not see runway on the contrary, cause the accident easily, the penetration capacity of laser in atmosphere is than ordinary lamps light intensity several magnitude, and this is that people expect the basis with laser navigation.
The Soviet Union proposed " laser guiding aircraft landing system ", its guiding theory is to want to replace the navigational facility of existing civil aviaton, main conception is the instrument that laser receiver is installed aboard, in the intersection laser beam of close-table, far from the table, overhead each three cover laser instrument of layout respectively.Like this, in the flight landing process, laser beam might shine directly into pilot's eyes.This is worthless.
Equipment " laser helps the system of falling " on the United States aircraft carrier, it is horizontal direction and the gliding angle laser of five kinds of different colours of layout respectively, in the laser of same color represent runway centerline and correct downslide angle.Super far from the table, far from the table, close-table have all been disposed in the Civil Aviation Airport, when aircraft progressively by these when overhead, from height indicator, just can accurately know the downslide angle of aircraft, and the Civil Aviation Airport is existing advances the extended line that low beam light is represented runway centerline more than 900 meters, just there is no need so the laser of five kinds of colors is set in the horizontal direction.
The objective of the invention is to cooperate the use of surface facilitys such as existing radio navigation station on the civil airport, nodirectional beacon, blind landing equipment, mainly be under IFR conditions, increase a safety practice and means that guarantee flight safety and improve the flight natural rate of interest, the laser navigation aiding system in a kind of " laser downslide navigation channel " is provided
The present invention is made up of Optical Maser System and control device, Optical Maser System comprise send visible laser beam be installed in respectively on the main runway edge light extended line that falls beyond the runway head in airport and apart from two laser instruments at place, the first set a distance of runway both sides, laser beam runway edge light extended line alive is to the opposite direction emission of aircraft glide landing, emission angle is equal to or slightly lower than the downslide angle of aircraft landing regulation, selected according to the airport concrete condition, select between for example 1.2 °～3 °.Said control device is made up of radar controller, visibility laser detector and controller, the visibility laser detector is placed near any laser instrument, and its Laser emission direction is identical with the direction of laser beam, so that the slant visibility that laser beam initial strength that laser instrument sends and visibility laser detector are surveyed is complementary, during the slant visibility difference, the laser initial strength is big, and when slant visibility was good more, the laser initial strength was weak more.
Helium-neon laser (632.8nm), hydrogen ion laser instrument (514,5nm, 488nm), helium cadmium laser (632.8nm), frequency multiplication YAG laser instrument (532.8nm), copper vapor laser and pulsed ruby laser (694.3nm) all be visible laser, all can be selected in.But eye is that the luminous efficacy of 555 nanometers reaches maximal value to wavelength, and it is fine to the resolution of weak laser beam therefore to select optical maser wavelength to be that the frequency multiplication YAG laser instrument of 532 nanometers more helps improving human eye very much, helps increasing the length of safety light section.Laser-beam divergence angle＜0.6 milliradian all can be worked, and optimum value is≤0.1 milliradian.If during double frequency pulse YAG laser instrument, time/second be advisable in its laser pulse repetition frequency 〉=15, and light beam is obviously soft and not dazzling, looks that to the people a kind of comfortable sensation is arranged.
Using method of the present invention is as follows: when aircraft enters five limits in landing mission, can be clearly on the video screen of radar controller to the track of aircraft flight, when aircraft enters five limits and during apart from 8 to 4.5 kilometers on airfield runway head, the radar controller sends signal, by controller two laser power supplies are started working simultaneously, kind inner laser device gave off laser beam in 1 second, article two, laser beam constitutes " laser downslide navigation channel " aloft, the pilot sees " laser downslide navigation channel ", can adjust the middle upper part that aircraft is in " laser downslide navigation channel ", even aircraft is in the center line of aiming at airfield runway, aircraft flies along downslide light at the middle upper part in " laser downslide navigation channel " all the time, the vector aircraft safe landing, after the aircraft landing, the timing relay of controller cuts off Laser Power Devices automatically according to the time-delay of setting in advance, and laser instrument quits work automatically.
In the start of controller control laser instrument, the visibility laser detector is also started working, measures meteorological slant visibility, and control laser instrument by controller and send the laser beam with suitable intensity, visibility is poor more, and laser intensity is big more, visibility is good more, and laser intensity is more little.Its objective is and make the pilot can see " laser downslide navigation channel " that two bundle laser are formed clearly, avoid the pilot adjusting certain moment that aircraft is in " laser downslide navigation channel " middle upper part again, laser beam direct projection pilot's eyes and cause certain injury, and under the control of controller, laser beam intensity also shortens and weakens gradually with the distance of plane distance runway head.This can guarantee on the one hand the pilot in landing mission all the time at laser intensity safety value 5 * 10
-7Joule/square centimeter is to 10
-11The safety light section flight of joule/square centimeter also can be saved the energy on the other hand.
In sum, compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention has: system is much simple relatively; The pilot is in the flight of safety light section all the time in the landing flight process; Can make aircraft landing safer; For civil aviaton provides a kind of raising flight natural rate of interest, strong means and measure such as reduce aircraft overshoot, make a return voyage, make preparation for dropping.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the laser downslide navigation channel chart of embodiment.
The present invention is made up of radar controller 1, visibility laser detector 2, laser instrument 3, laser instrument 4, controller 6 as seen from the figure.Laser instrument 3 and 4 is neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) frequency doubling pulse laser among the embodiment, pulse repetition rate 〉=15 time/second, pulsed laser energy 〉=100 millijoules, beam divergence angle≤0.3 milliradian, 10 nanoseconds of single pulse widths, optical maser wavelength is 532 nanometers, factory provides by the Shanghai Laser Power Devices, be installed on the extended line of the runway edge light 7 beyond the runway head 5 laser room 10 respectively apart from runway head 5 about 300 meters both sides, in 20, laser beam is along the opposite direction emission 33 ' of runway edge light 7 extended lines to aircraft glide landing, 44 ' laser beam, the elevation angle of this laser beam are equal to or slightly lower than the downslide angle that aircarrier aircraft lands and stipulates.Visibility laser detector (VCH II type laser detector) 2, radar controller 1, controller 6 and laser instrument 3 are placed in the laser room 10, and the antenna of radar controller 1 is placed on 10 tops, laser room.The Laser emission direction of visibility laser detector 2 is identical with the direction of laser instrument 3 beam emissions, and said controller 6 is the MC1 type controllers that provided by Shanghai Laser Power Devices factory, and this controller function has:
1, finds that aircraft is in five limits and during apart from 6 kilometers on runway head, opens the power supply of laser instrument 3 and 4 automatically that when radar controller 1 laser instrument commences work without delay.
2, the slant visibility data of being surveyed according to visibility laser detector 2, the initial laser of the suitable intensity that control laser instrument 3 and laser instrument 4 send, when visibility was better, laser intensity was " weak " retaining, when visibility was relatively poor, laser intensity was " by force " retaining.
When 3, just having started shooting, the laser intensity that laser instrument sends is controlled laser intensity then and is decayed in time for the strongest, and the laser intensity when aircraft lands is about 1/2 of when start laser intensity.
4, this controller has a timing relay, and delay time is the laser works time, the delay time scalable, and the operated by rotary motion delay time is 3-5 minute.Therefore laser instrument start back shutdown automatically after 3-5 minute.
4, this controller also has the control enclosure 8 of the straight-through aviation management center of a pair of circuit control tower, and two pushbutton switches are arranged on control enclosure 8 panels, and the control tower staff can use button and pass through the Push And Release of controller 6 control laser instruments 3,4, reaches the purpose of people's control.Also have two pilot lamp to indicate the situation of two bundle laser outputs respectively on the panel, laser output is promptly arranged.Pilot lamp is bright.The control tower staff can the monitoring laser device work.
In Fig. 2 laser downslide navigation channel chart, last figure is a side view, and figure below is a top view, and 33 ', 44 ' is the laser beam that laser instrument 3 and laser instrument 4 send, the glide path of 9 expression aircraft landings.
The course of work of embodiment is: when radar controller 1 finds that aircraft enters five limits and when running 6 kilometers, controller 6 is accepted the signal of radar controller 1 and the meteorological slant visibility data that visibility laser detector 2 is surveyed, open the power supply of laser instrument 3 and laser instrument 4, promptly send the laser 33 ' of suitable intensity in 1 second, 44 ' constitutes " laser downslide navigation channel ", the pilot sees " laser downslide navigation channel ", instant adjustment aircraft is in the middle upper part in " laser downslide navigation channel ", all the time along " laser downslide navigation channel " flight, get final product safe landing, after the aircraft landing, the timing relay of controller 6 is according to the time-delay of setting, automatically cut off Laser Power Devices, laser instrument 3,4 quit work automatically.
Through the trial voyage or flight proof, this navaid cooperates the existing radio navigation station of civil airport, nodirectional beacon, the use of surface facilitys such as blind landing equipment, under IFR conditions, or provide safety assurance means for aircraft safety lands night, because laser energy is concentrated, far firing range, the pilot when landing, is used in the instrument flight break out, this navaid can make the pilot find " laser downslide navigation channel " on the distance of meteorological optical range more than two times at that time, and " laser downslide navigation channel " is angled, introduction light than horizontal layout, the aircraft of distance landing is nearer, is found by the pilot easily, to improving flight safety and flight natural rate of interest, reduce aircraft overshoot, make a return voyage, making preparation for dropping etc. all plays an important role, and has high social and economic benefit.
Claims (5)
1, the laser navigation aiding system that a kind of aircarrier aircraft lands, form by Optical Maser System and control device, it is characterized in that said Optical Maser System comprises two laser instruments (3 that send the visible laser bundle, 4), be installed in respectively that the airport is main to fall on runway head (5) runway edge light (7) extended line in addition and apart from the about 300 meters both sides of runway head, laser beam is along runway edge light (7) extended line orientation, opposite direction emission to aircraft glide landing, emission angle is equal to or slightly lower than the downslide angle of aircraft landing regulation, said control device is by radar controller (1), visibility laser detector (2) and controller (6) are formed, visibility laser detector (2) is placed on laser instrument (3,4) near, its Laser emission direction is identical with the beam direction of laser instrument.
2, according to the laser navigation aiding system of claim 1, it is characterized in that said laser instrument (3,4) is a frequency multiplication Nd:YAG laser instrument, wavelength is 532 nanometers, laser beam divergence≤0.4 milliradian.
3, according to the laser navigation aiding system of claim 2, it is characterized in that said laser instrument is a pulse frequency multiplication Nd:YAG laser beam, laser pulse repetition frequency is answered 〉=15 times/second.
4, according to the laser navigation aiding system of claim 1, it is characterized in that meteorological slant visibility that said laser instrument (3,4) provides according to visibility laser detector (2) launches the initial laser beam of suitable intensity by controller (6) control, this laser beam constantly weakened with the on time.
5, using method according to the laser navigation aiding system of claim 1 to 4 is as follows: when aircraft enters five limits in landing mission, be clear that the flight path of aircraft on radar controller (1) video screen, when aircraft enters five limits and apart from airfield runway head 5 about 8 to 4.5 kilometers the time, radar controller (1) sends signal, controller (6) is accepted the meteorological slant visibility information of the signal of radar controller (1) and visibility laser detector (2) and is controlled laser instrument (3,4) power supply is started working, 1 second inner laser device (3,4) send the initial laser beam of suitable intensity, article two, the visible laser bundle is formed " laser downslide navigation channel " aloft, the pilot sees " laser downslide navigation channel ", can adjust the middle upper part that aircraft is in " laser downslide navigation channel ", aircraft is along " laser downslide navigation channel " flight, get final product safe landing, after the aircraft landing, the timing relay of controller (6) cuts off Laser Power Devices automatically according to the time-delay of setting, laser instrument (3,4) quits work automatically
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95113331A CN1041559C (en) | 1995-11-08 | 1995-11-08 | Laser navigation aiding system and its using method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95113331A CN1041559C (en) | 1995-11-08 | 1995-11-08 | Laser navigation aiding system and its using method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1124349A CN1124349A (en) | 1996-06-12 |
| CN1041559C true CN1041559C (en) | 1999-01-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95113331A Expired - Fee Related CN1041559C (en) | 1995-11-08 | 1995-11-08 | Laser navigation aiding system and its using method |
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| CN (1) | CN1041559C (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1596051B (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2010-12-08 | 周洪璋 | Automatic monitoring apparatus for operating state of navigational aid lamp |
| CN102252619A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-23 | 中国民航大学 | Displacement distance measuring and displaying system in airplane berthing process |
| CN104807464B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳市视晶无线技术有限公司 | Aircraft near field bootstrap technique |
| EP3095710B1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2018-01-03 | Goodrich Lighting Systems GmbH | Dynamic exterior aircraft light unit and method of operating a dynamic exterior aircraft light unit |
| CN106383485B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2019-12-03 | 陕西无人系统工程研究院有限公司 | The SCM Based horizontal navigation channel detection system of plant protection drone |
| CN105717941A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 杨珊珊 | Light beam generation device and method for generating visible boundary and electronic boundary system |
| CN109703770B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-08-06 | 山东国耀量子雷达科技有限公司 | Shipboard aircraft landing assisting method based on wind-finding laser radar and CFD database |
| CN112004296B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳星标科技股份有限公司 | Navigation aid lamp control method and device, computer equipment and storage medium thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3190585A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1965-06-22 | Dornier Werke Gmbh | Landing system for aircraft |
| US3280625A (en) * | 1964-01-30 | 1966-10-25 | Henry P Birmingham | Projected optimum flight path landing assist system |
| US3972125A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-08-03 | Collins William O | Visual approach and landing system for aircraft with supplementary indicating and warning devices |
| DE3631321A1 (en) * | 1986-09-06 | 1988-03-17 | Herbert Kniep | Device having at least one laser for guiding aircraft, especially during landing at airports |
-
1995
- 1995-11-08 CN CN95113331A patent/CN1041559C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3190585A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1965-06-22 | Dornier Werke Gmbh | Landing system for aircraft |
| US3280625A (en) * | 1964-01-30 | 1966-10-25 | Henry P Birmingham | Projected optimum flight path landing assist system |
| US3972125A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-08-03 | Collins William O | Visual approach and landing system for aircraft with supplementary indicating and warning devices |
| DE3631321A1 (en) * | 1986-09-06 | 1988-03-17 | Herbert Kniep | Device having at least one laser for guiding aircraft, especially during landing at airports |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1124349A (en) | 1996-06-12 |
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