CN104155655A - Phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155655A CN104155655A CN201410417740.5A CN201410417740A CN104155655A CN 104155655 A CN104155655 A CN 104155655A CN 201410417740 A CN201410417740 A CN 201410417740A CN 104155655 A CN104155655 A CN 104155655A
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- signal processing
- probe
- processing circuit
- circuit
- signal
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S15/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S15/36—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
Abstract
The invention discloses a phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus. The apparatus comprises an emission probe, a receiving probe, an ultrasonic probe driving circuit, a signal filter, an amplification circuit, an integrator, a multiplier, a low pass filter and a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit and the ultrasonic probe driving circuit are connected, and the ultrasonic probe driving circuit and the emission probe are connected; the receiving probe, the signal filter, the amplification circuit, the integrator, the multiplier, the low pass filter and the signal processing circuit are successively connected; and emission signals of the emission probe and receiving signals of the receiving probe, after being processed through the multiplier and the low pass filter, are sent to the signal processing circuit, and after calculation by a central processor of the signal processing circuit, a test distance is obtained. Through such a scheme provided by the invention, the influence coefficient of an environment factor is reduced, the measuring precision can reach 1 [mu]m, at the same time, the cost is low, the application scope is wide, and the safety and reliability are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism, be specifically related to a kind of high-precision distance measurement technique of ultrasonic sensor.
Background technology
Utilizing the principle of optics, electromagnetic wave, magnetic field intensity etc. is the common means of carrying out high-precision range observation.Conventionally need expensive measuring sonde and powerful signal processing unit but adopt these methods to carry out high-precision range observation, will make like this involving great expense of measurement mechanism, and cannot be at industrial circle by popularization and application.Ultrasonic technology is a kind of measurement means of cheapness, and hyperacoustic notable feature is that frequency is high, wavelength is short, diffraction phenomenon is little, good directionality, and run into impurity or interphase just has significant reflection in the time propagating.
Velocity of propagation when ultrasound wave is propagated in air can show according to the density of air ambient, humidity, temperature etc. different, and typical temperature is larger on its impact.15 DEG C time, the aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave is 340 meter per seconds, according to calculating, its survey frequency is roughly 40KHz, corresponding wavelength is about 8.5mm, this ultrasonic ranging Product Precision that has just determined ordinary meaning can only be controlled at a millimeter scope, due to the impact of temperature, also can there is the trueness error of 0.2-0.5mm simultaneously.Such error range under many circumstances, is unacceptable for field of industrial production.
Some ultrasonic measuring device manufacturers have added temperature measuring equipment in device, can reduce temperature to the impact of measuring like this by temperature correction, but still cannot significantly improve the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic device for measuring.Therefore ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism is seldom used to carry out high-accuracy measurement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the impact because of environmental factor in prior art, be difficult to realize high-precision measurement, a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism is provided, the measuring accuracy of its device can reach 1 μ m, cost is low, applied widely, safe and reliable simultaneously.
A kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism, comprising: transmitting probe, receiving transducer, ultrasonic probe driving circuit, traffic filter, amplifying circuit, integrator, multiplier, low-pass filter and signal processing circuit; Described signal processing circuit is connected with ultrasonic probe driving circuit, and ultrasonic probe driving circuit is connected with transmitting probe, and the output signal of signal processing circuit inputs to transmitting probe through the processing of ultrasonic probe driving circuit; Described receiving transducer, traffic filter, amplifying circuit, integrator, multiplier, low-pass filter and signal processing circuit are connected successively; The output terminal of signal processing circuit is connected with the input end of multiplier; By transmitting probe transmit and the reception signal of receiving transducer is delivered to signal processing circuit after multiplier and low-pass filter are processed, and obtain measuring distance after the calculating of central processing unit by signal processing circuit.
Further, described ultrasonic probe driving circuit comprises digital-to-analog conversion and power amplification circuit;
Further, described signal processing circuit comprises analog to digital converter and central processing unit;
Further, described transmitting probe and described receiving transducer are that frequency of operation is the voltage-type probe of 1MHz;
Further, the end face of described transmitting probe and described receiving transducer is equipped with sound lens.
Beneficial effect: this programme, by the transmitting and computing and the processing of the echoed signal of receiving transducer of transmitting probe, obtains distance to be measured, has indirectly reduced the influence coefficient of environmental factor.Because transmitting probe and receiving transducer are that frequency of operation is the voltage-type probe of 1MHz, can obtain the distance accuracy up to 1 μ m again.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block scheme of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of supersonic range finder;
Fig. 3 is transmitted wave and accepts phase differential schematic diagram between ripple;
1-transmitting probe in figure, 2-receiving transducer, 3-1 ultrasound wave transmitted wave, 3-2 ultrasonic echo, 4-determinand reflecting surface, 5-signal processor MCU, 6-D/A converter, 7-power amplifier, 8-traffic filter, 9-amplifying circuit, 10-integrator, 11-multiplier, 12-low-pass filter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, reading after the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
The block scheme that is illustrated in figure 1 phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism of the present invention, this device comprises: high-frequency ultrasonic sensor A and high-frequency ultrasonic sensor B are transmitting probe 1 and receiving transducer 2, hardware circuit part.Hardware circuit mainly comprises ultrasonic probe driving circuit, traffic filter 8, amplifying circuit 9, integrator 10, multiplier 11, low-pass filter 12 and signal processing circuit.Wherein, signal processing circuit mainly contains analog to digital converter (A/D) 13, central processing unit (MCU) 5 compositions; Described transmitting probe 1 and receiving transducer 2 are that piezoelectric type, its frequency of operation are 1MHz, and wherein, probe end face is equipped with sound lens, makes the ultrasound wave of dispersing pool minimal face in 19mm distance.Therefore measuring the tested point of face and probe distance, should to remain on 19mm upper and lower; Described ultrasonic probe driving circuit comprises digital-to-analog conversion (D/A) 6 and power amplification circuit 7, D/A converter 6 is converted to analog sinus signals (continuous wave signal) for the digital sine signal that MCU5 is sent, power amplification circuit (7) is for amplifying the power of this sinusoidal signal, thus driving transmitting probe 1.Traffic filter 8 is mainly the high fdrequency component producing because of coupling in filtering echoed signal, echoed signal is exaggerated subsequently, and extract the phase information of signal via integrator 10, multiplier 11 and low-pass filter 12, and obtain range information by signal processing circuit.
Fundamental diagram of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2～3, and signal processing circuit produces sinusoidal excitation signal, and inputs to transmitting probe 1 through the processing of D/A converter 6 and power amplifier 7, becomes the pumping signal of ultrasound wave transmitting probe 1.Transmitting probe 1 produces dither under excitation signal energizes, and sends the 3-1 of 1MHz high-frequency ultrasonic signal to tested point 4.Ultrasonic signal receives along the received probe 2 of reflection direction, and receiving transducer 2 can be identical with transmitting probe 1, also can adopt the high frequency microphone of high measurement bandwidth.The echoed signal 3-2 process traffic filter 8 that receiving transducer 2 receives, the interference that filtering causes because of coupling, and amplify processing.Echoed signal after amplification is according to following algorithm:
Sinusoidal signal 3-1 by 1 transmitting of ultrasound emission probe is:
Ss(t)＝As·sin(2πf·t)
Wherein, Ss (t) is transmitted wave signal, and As is transmitted wave amplitude, and f is frequency, and t is the time.
The ultrasonic signal of launching through reflecting and being received the 2 signal 3-2 that receive that pop one's head in is:
Sr(t)＝Ar·sin(2πf·t-Δφ)
Wherein, Sr (t) is reflection wave signal, and Ar is reflection wave amplitude, and f is frequency, and t is the time, and Δ φ is the poor displacements that need measurement of two waveform phases.
Reception ripple signal is carried out to phase place 90 by integrator 10 spends displacement and carries out after algorithm takes advantage of, obtaining following signal with transmitted wave signal:
P(t)＝Ss(t)Sr(t+90°)＝0.5AsAr·(sin(Δφ)-sin(2·2πf·t-Δφ))
P (t) is the signal after two waveforms multiply each other
The signal obtaining has like this comprised the AC compounent and another DC component that double exciting signal frequency.The AC compounent of low-pass filter 12 in can filtered signal, DC component remaining in signal becomes trigonometric function direct ratio with testing distance.DC component signal is sent back to signal processor MCU5 through A/D converter 13 subsequently, and MCU5, by the calculating to DC component, just can obtain testing distance.
This device, in the time measuring, first obtains basic phase information φ according to above-mentioned principle algorithm, and taking this information as reference value, carries out subsequently phase information and reference value that continuous coverage obtains and compares.Although the distance that this method records also can be subject to the impact of temperature etc., because susceptibility is high, thereby indirectly reduce the influence coefficient of environmental factor.Therefore adopt ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism of the present invention, distance accuracy is high, and precision is the highest can reach 1 μ m (while carrying out Relative ranging).This measurement mechanism can be used in industrial processes, gear-bearing force analysis, the fields such as material surface roughness concentration.
Claims (5)
1. a phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism, comprising: transmitting probe, receiving transducer, ultrasonic probe driving circuit, traffic filter, amplifying circuit, integrator, multiplier, low-pass filter and signal processing circuit; Described signal processing circuit is connected with ultrasonic probe driving circuit, and ultrasonic probe driving circuit is connected with transmitting probe, and the output signal of signal processing circuit inputs to transmitting probe through the processing of ultrasonic probe driving circuit; Described receiving transducer, traffic filter, amplifying circuit, integrator, multiplier, low-pass filter and signal processing circuit are connected successively; The output terminal of signal processing circuit is connected with the input end of multiplier; By transmitting probe transmit and the reception signal of receiving transducer is delivered to signal processing circuit after multiplier and low-pass filter are processed, and obtain measuring distance after the calculating of central processing unit by signal processing circuit.
2. a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic probe driving circuit comprises digital-to-analog conversion and power amplification circuit.
3. a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described signal processing circuit comprises analog to digital converter and central processing unit.
4. a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmitting probe and described receiving transducer are that frequency of operation is the voltage-type probe of 1MHz.
5. a kind of phase place comparison expression ultrasonic distance measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the end face of described transmitting probe and described receiving transducer is equipped with sound lens.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410417740.5A CN104155655A (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2014-08-22 | Phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410417740.5A CN104155655A (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2014-08-22 | Phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus |
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| CN104155655A true CN104155655A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN201410417740.5A Pending CN104155655A (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2014-08-22 | Phase comparison type supersonic wave distance measuring apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107219530A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-09-29 | 南京天安汽车电子科技股份有限公司 | The automobile ultrasonic radar system continuously received and dispatched |
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2014
- 2014-08-22 CN CN201410417740.5A patent/CN104155655A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107219530A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-09-29 | 南京天安汽车电子科技股份有限公司 | The automobile ultrasonic radar system continuously received and dispatched |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20141119 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |