CN104155619A - Distributed optical frequency domain reflection magnetic field sensing device based on magnetostriction and demodulation method - Google Patents
Distributed optical frequency domain reflection magnetic field sensing device based on magnetostriction and demodulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155619A CN104155619A CN201410413001.9A CN201410413001A CN104155619A CN 104155619 A CN104155619 A CN 104155619A CN 201410413001 A CN201410413001 A CN 201410413001A CN 104155619 A CN104155619 A CN 104155619A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed optical frequency domain reflection magnetic field sensing device based on magnetostriction and a demodulation method, relating to the technical field of distributed optical fiber sensing instruments. The device comprises a main interferometer which obtains a sensing signal and an auxiliary interferometer which provides a clock trigger signal for a collection device, and a detected sensing fiber is packaged on a magnetostriction material. The method comprises the steps of obtaining different beat frequency signals at main interference through a light source of linear tuning, and converting wavelength domain information to distance domain information of each position in a corresponding sensing fiber by using rapid Fourier transform. The signal on the sensing fiber is selected through a mobile window, and then the conversion to a wavelength domain is carried out through plural rapid Fourier inverse transform, namely the Rayleigh scattering spectra. According to the distributed optical frequency domain reflection magnetic field sensing device and the demodulation method, the testing distance is raised, the spatial resolution and high, the accurate positioning of a multiple-point magnetic field can be carried out at the same time, the magnetic field strength can be measured at 5.3mT to the minimum, the testing distance can reach more than 300meters, and the magnetic field positioning accuracy can reach 14centimeters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributing optical fiber sensing Instrument technology field, relate in particular to a kind of based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method.
Background technology
Along with social development, the magnetic field of the important areas such as medical treatment, electric power, nuclear industry seems particularly important to its safe impact.Distribution type fiber-optic magnetic field sensing system can realize magnetic field detection and location, has long distance detection, hi-Fix, low energy dependence, high environmental resistance, the characteristic such as anticorrosive.
At present, distribution type fiber-optic magnetic field sensing mainly contains two kinds, the first scheme is to measure the method in magnetic field based on polarization effect, the method advantage is highly sensitive, and response is fast, but this method shortcoming has: magnetic field intensity resolution characteristic is lower, only can differentiate size for magnetic field more than 100mT, it is serious that the method is subject to the impact of Faraday effect in addition, and measuring distance is also shorter, is only 15m left and right.Another kind of scheme is the optical time domain reflection method based on magnetostriction materials.The method feature is highly sensitive to magnetic field, but that the method shortcoming is spatial resolution is low, probably more than 1m.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method, the present invention has improved measuring distance, and has higher spatial resolution, described below:
A kind of based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, described device comprises:
Tunable laser: be used to optical frequency territory reflecting system that light source is provided;
1:99 beam splitter: the emergent light of tunable laser is entered by a port of beam splitter, and with the ratio of 1:99 respectively from b, c port assignment to clock triggering system and main interference instrument based on auxiliary interferometer;
Clock triggering system based on auxiliary interferometer comprises: isolator, a 50:50 coupling mechanism, first faraday's tilting mirror, second faraday's tilting mirror, delay optical fiber, detector and clock multiplier circuit module;
Main interference instrument comprises: circulator, a 50:50 beam splitter, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, reference arm, test arm, Polarization Controller, sensor fibre, the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus, the first balance detection device, the second balance detection device and harvester;
Solenoid: copper conductor is wrapped on iron core and forms energization solenoid, for generation of magnetic field;
Direct supply: be used to solenoid link DC current, so that solenoid produces magnetic field;
Computing machine: the interference signal of harvester collection is carried out to data processing, realize the distributed optical frequency territory reflection magnetic field sensing based on magnetostrictive effect.
Described isolator prevents that the reflected light of the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism in auxiliary interferometer from entering laser instrument; The one 50:50 coupling mechanism, for the interference of light, light enters from the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism, from c and the outgoing of d port, reflected by first faraday's tilting mirror of two arms and second faraday's tilting mirror respectively, turn back to a 50:50 coupling mechanism c, d port, two-beam interferes in a 50:50 coupling mechanism, exports from a port; First faraday's tilting mirror and second faraday's tilting mirror, be used to interferometer cremasteric reflex, and can eliminate the polarization decay phenomenon of interferometer; Postpone optical fiber, for realizing the beat frequency interference of non-equiarm, can and postpone fiber lengths according to beat frequency and obtain optical frequency; Detector, for gathering the emergent light of a 50:50 coupling mechanism from a port, is assisted the interfere beat frequency signal of interferometer; Clock multiplier circuit module, access auxiliary interferometer detector in one end, for by the interfere beat frequency signal frequency multiplication of auxiliary interferometer, accesses harvester by the signal after frequency multiplication.
Light enters from a port of 50:50 beam splitter, enters the Polarization Controller reference arm from b port, enters test arm from c port; Circulator in test arm, its effect is that light enters from a port of circulator, enter sensor fibre from the c port of circulator, the back-scattering light of sensor fibre enters from the c port of circulator, export from circulator port b port, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, enters coupling mechanism with reference to back-scattering light in reference light on arm and test arm by a port and b port and closes bundle, forms beat frequency interference c port and the output of d port from coupling mechanism;
The first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus access respectively c port and the d port of the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, and signal is carried out to polarization beam splitting;
The flashlight of two corresponding orthogonal directionss that gather two polarization beam apparatus outputs of balance detection device.
Described device also comprises: magnetostriction materials flat board, described sensor fibre is encapsulated on the flat board of magnetostriction materials by epoxide-resin glue.
Based on a demodulation method for the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, said method comprising the steps of:
According to linear frequency modulation principle, the Linear Tuning laser that tunable laser produces, enter main interference instrument, form beat frequency interference signal by reference light in back-scattering light in sensor fibre and reference arm, after the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus, obtain two-way beat frequency interference signal X and the Y of cross polarization, and this two paths of signals is carried out respectively to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) obtain signal FFT{X} and FFT{Y}, choose successively each position in sensor fibre by Moving Window;
Utilize Moving Window to choose successively sensor fibre middle distance domain information, by the FFT{X of selected part
iand FFT{Y
iutilize plural inversefouriertransform to be transformed into again wavelength domain to obtain X
iand Y
i; And the two is added and obtain at t
1time S (the t that inscribes
1)=X
i+ Y
i, remove DC terms;
At next moment t
2, calculate and obtain (the t at sensor fibre same position S according to first two steps
2)=X
i+ Y
i, to S (t
1) and S (t
2) calculating computing cross-correlation, obtain the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and correlogram, whether there is wave length shift according to cross-correlation peak value position and just can obtain sensor fibre and on this position, whether have magnetic field and magnetic field intensity, utilize general single mode fiber to carry out the distributed magnetic field sensing experiment of Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficient.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is: the present invention has improved measuring distance, and have higher spatial resolution, can accurately locate multiple spot magnetic field simultaneously, the I of magnetic field intensity is surveyed as 5.3mT, more than measuring distance can reach 300m, magnetic field positioning precision can reach 14cm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the demodulation method based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device;
Fig. 3 is the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlogram that does not have magnetic field;
Fig. 4 is the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlogram of magnetic field intensity while being 5.3mT;
Fig. 5 is magnetic field intensity while being respectively 0mT, 73mT, 143.3mT, the wave length shift figure of two positions of corresponding optical fiber.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is as follows:
1: tunable laser; 2: detector;
3:50:50 beam splitter; 4:1:99 beam splitter;
5: the 50:50 coupling mechanisms; 6: clock multiplier circuit module;
7: postpone optical fiber; 8: the first faraday's tilting mirrors;
9: the second faraday's tilting mirrors; 10: isolator;
11: computing machine; 12: Polarization Controller:
13: circulator; 14: the two 50:50 coupling mechanisms;
15: sensor fibre; 16: the first polarization beam apparatus;
17: the second polarization beam apparatus; 18: the first balance detection devices;
19: the second balance detection devices; 20: harvester;
21: harmonic ringing control module; 22: reference arm;
23: test arm; 24: based on the clock triggering system of auxiliary interferometer;
25: main interference instrument; 26: magnetostriction materials flat board;
27: solenoid; 28: direct supply.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, this device comprises: tunable laser 1: be used to optical frequency territory reflecting system that light source is provided, light source adopts narrow linewidth Linear Tuning LASER Light Source, and its optical frequency can be carried out linear sweep;
1:99 beam splitter 4: the emergent light of tunable laser 1 is entered by a port of beam splitter 4, and with the ratio of 1:99 respectively from b, c port assignment to clock triggering system 24 and main interference instrument 25 based on auxiliary interferometer;
Clock triggering system 24 based on auxiliary interferometer: the optical frequency interval samplings such as realization, its objective is the nonlinear sweep that suppresses light source; Comprise isolator 10, a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5, first faraday's tilting mirror 8 and second faraday's tilting mirror 9, postpone optical fiber 7, detector 2 and clock multiplier circuit module 6.Isolator 10 prevents that the reflected light of the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5 in auxiliary interferometer from entering laser instrument; The one 50:50 coupling mechanism 5, for the interference of light, light enters from the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5, from c and the outgoing of d port, reflected by first faraday's tilting mirror 8 of two arms and second faraday's tilting mirror 9 respectively, the c, the d port that turn back to a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5, two-beam interferes in a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5, exports from a port; First faraday's tilting mirror 8 and second faraday's tilting mirror 9, be used to interferometer cremasteric reflex, and can eliminate the polarization decay phenomenon of interferometer; Postpone optical fiber 7, for realizing the beat frequency interference of non-equiarm, can and postpone fiber lengths according to beat frequency and obtain optical frequency; Detector 2, for gathering the emergent light of a 50:50 coupling mechanism 5 from a port, is assisted the interfere beat frequency signal of interferometer; Clock multiplier circuit module 6, access auxiliary interferometer detector 2 in one end is for assisting the interfere beat frequency signal frequency multiplication of interferometer, frequency multiplication object is to adopt shorter delay optical fiber also can produce higher clock signal in auxiliary interferometer, by the signal access harvester 20 after frequency multiplication, as the external timing signal of harvester 20.
Main interference instrument 25: the core that is light frequency domain reflectometer, it is modified Mach Zehnder interferometer, comprise circulator 13, a 50:50 beam splitter 3, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism 14, reference arm 22, test arm 23, Polarization Controller 12, sensor fibre 15, the first polarization beam apparatus 16 and the second polarization beam apparatus 17, the first balance detection devices 18, the second balance detection device 19 and harvester 20.3 effects of 50:50 beam splitter are Mach Zehnder interferometer beam splitting.Light enters from a port of 50:50 beam splitter 3, enters the Polarization Controller 12 reference arm 22 through 50:50 beam splitter 3 from b port, enters test arm 23 from c port.Polarization Controller 12 effects in reference arm 22 are to regulate reference light polarization state, make its two orthogonal directions glazings in the time of polarization beam splitting basically identical by force.Circulator 13 in test arm 23, its effect is that light enters from a port of circulator 13, enter sensor fibre 15 from the c port of circulator 13, and the back-scattering light of sensor fibre enters from the c port of circulator 13, from circulator 13 port b port outputs, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism 14, enters coupling mechanism 14 with reference to back-scattering light in reference light on arm 22 and test arm 23 by a port and b port and closes bundle, forms beat frequency interference c port and the output of d port from coupling mechanism 14.The first polarization beam apparatus 16 and the second polarization beam apparatus 17 access respectively c port and the d port of the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism 14, and signal is carried out to polarization beam splitting.Object is to eliminate the impact of polarization decay noise.The flashlight of two corresponding orthogonal directionss that gather two polarization beam apparatus outputs of balance detection device 18 and 19.Harvester 20: the analog electrical signal of two balance detection devices, 18 and 19 outputs is collected to computing machine 11, and wherein the clock source of harvester 20 is from the clock triggering system 24 based on auxiliary interferometer.
Magnetostriction materials flat board 26: the Fe-Co-V alloy plate that the magnetostriction materials that utilize in the present invention are 0.5mm for thickness, be used for and sensor fibre combination, sensor fibre 15 is encapsulated in by epoxide-resin glue on the flat board of magnetostriction materials, when magnetostriction flat board can produce STRESS VARIATION in magnetic field, the stress that causes sensor fibre produces, by the sensing of counter stress, thereby realize the sensing in magnetic field.
Solenoid 27: copper conductor is wrapped on iron core and forms energization solenoid, for generation of magnetic field.
Direct supply 28: be used to the logical DC current of solenoid 27, so that solenoid 27 produces magnetic field.
Computing machine 11: the interference signal that harvester 20 is gathered carries out data processing, realizes the distributed optical frequency territory reflection magnetic field sensing based on magnetostrictive effect.
Referring to Fig. 2, demodulation method comprises the following steps:
101: according to linear frequency modulation principle, the Linear Tuning laser that tunable laser 1 produces, enter main interference instrument 25, form beat frequency interference signal by reference light in back-scattering light in sensor fibre 15 and reference arm 22, after the first polarization beam apparatus 16 and the second polarization beam apparatus 17, obtain two-way beat frequency interference signal X and the Y of cross polarization, and this two paths of signals is carried out respectively to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) obtain signal FFT{X} and FFT{Y}, choose successively each position in sensor fibre by Moving Window;
102: utilize Moving Window to choose successively the distance domain information in sensor fibre, by the FFT{X of selected part
iand FFT{Y
iutilize plural inversefouriertransform to be transformed into again wavelength domain to obtain X
iand Y
i; And the two is added and obtain at t
1time S (the t that inscribes
1)=X
i+ Y
i, remove DC terms;
103: at next moment t
2, calculate and obtain (the t at sensor fibre same position S according to first two steps
2)=X
i+ Y
i, to S (t
1) and S (t
2) calculating computing cross-correlation, obtain the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and correlogram, whether there is wave length shift according to cross-correlation peak value position and just can obtain sensor fibre and on this position, whether have magnetic field and magnetic field intensity, utilize general single mode fiber to carry out the distributed magnetic field sensing experiment as Fig. 3 Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficient.
In the time not there is not magnetic field, centered by the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position in former and later two moment 0, as shown in Figure 3.While there is magnetic field (touching optical fiber), the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position in former and later two moment will produce drift.Size by different Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peakdeviation amounts is demarcated, and just can obtain existing the size of magnetic field and magnetic field intensity.
According to the apparatus and method in above-mentioned embodiment, in embodiment, tested optical fiber length is 320m, place respectively the flat board of magnetostriction materials at the two poles of the earth in the magnetic field producing by solenoid, and it is dull and stereotyped upper to utilize epoxide-resin glue to be encapsulated in optical fiber, the position of the north and south dipolar magnetic field that solenoid produces in optical fiber is respectively 44.5m and 45.5m place.In the time not there is not magnetic field, centered by the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position in former and later two moment 0, as shown in Figure 3.In the time that magnitude of field intensity is 5.3mT, the spatial resolution of now differentiating magnetic field intensity and be 5.3mT is 14cm, lastly be subject to the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position in magnetic field moment will produce drift without magnetic field moment and this, corresponding wave length shift is 0.83GHz, as shown in Figure 4.Along with the continuous increase of magnetic field intensity, lastly will increase by the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak shift amount in magnetic field moment without magnetic field moment and this, also be the increase of wave length shift, being as shown in Figure 5 in fiber position is 44.5m and 45.5m two places, the distributed result of the wavelength shift in the time that magnetic field intensity is respectively 0mT, 73mT and 143.3mT.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device except do specified otherwise, the model of other devices does not limit, and all can as long as can complete the device of above-mentioned functions.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. based on the distributed optical frequency of a magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, it is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Tunable laser: be used to optical frequency territory reflecting system that light source is provided;
1:99 beam splitter: the emergent light of tunable laser is entered by a port of beam splitter, and with the ratio of 1:99 respectively from b, c port assignment to clock triggering system and main interference instrument based on auxiliary interferometer;
Clock triggering system based on auxiliary interferometer comprises: isolator, a 50:50 coupling mechanism, first faraday's tilting mirror, second faraday's tilting mirror, delay optical fiber, detector and clock multiplier circuit module;
Main interference instrument comprises: circulator, a 50:50 beam splitter, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, reference arm, test arm, Polarization Controller, sensor fibre, the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus, the first balance detection device, the second balance detection device and harvester;
Solenoid: copper conductor is wrapped on iron core and forms energization solenoid, for generation of magnetic field;
Direct supply: be used to solenoid link DC current, so that solenoid produces magnetic field;
Computing machine: the interference signal of harvester collection is carried out to data processing, realize the distributed optical frequency territory reflection magnetic field sensing based on magnetostrictive effect.
2. one according to claim 1, based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, is characterized in that,
Described isolator prevents that the reflected light of the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism in auxiliary interferometer from entering laser instrument; The one 50:50 coupling mechanism, for the interference of light, light enters from the b port of a 50:50 coupling mechanism, from c and the outgoing of d port, reflected by first faraday's tilting mirror of two arms and second faraday's tilting mirror respectively, turn back to a 50:50 coupling mechanism c, d port, two-beam interferes in a 50:50 coupling mechanism, exports from a port; First faraday's tilting mirror and second faraday's tilting mirror, be used to interferometer cremasteric reflex, and can eliminate the polarization decay phenomenon of interferometer; Postpone optical fiber, for realizing the beat frequency interference of non-equiarm, can and postpone fiber lengths according to beat frequency and obtain optical frequency; Detector, for gathering the emergent light of a 50:50 coupling mechanism from a port, is assisted the interfere beat frequency signal of interferometer; Clock multiplier circuit module, access auxiliary interferometer detector in one end, for by the interfere beat frequency signal frequency multiplication of auxiliary interferometer, accesses harvester by the signal after frequency multiplication.
3. one according to claim 1, based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, is characterized in that,
Light enters from a port of 50:50 beam splitter, enters the Polarization Controller reference arm from b port, enters test arm from c port; Circulator in test arm, its effect is that light enters from a port of circulator, enter sensor fibre from the c port of circulator, the back-scattering light of sensor fibre enters from the c port of circulator, export from circulator port b port, the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, enters coupling mechanism with reference to back-scattering light in reference light on arm and test arm by a port and b port and closes bundle, forms beat frequency interference c port and the output of d port from coupling mechanism;
The first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus access respectively c port and the d port of the 2nd 50:50 coupling mechanism, and signal is carried out to polarization beam splitting;
The flashlight of two corresponding orthogonal directionss that gather two polarization beam apparatus outputs of balance detection device.
4. one according to claim 1 is based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises: magnetostriction materials flat board, described sensor fibre is encapsulated on the flat board of magnetostriction materials by epoxide-resin glue.
5. the demodulation method based on the distributed optical frequency of magnetostriction territory reflection magnetic field sensing device, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
According to linear frequency modulation principle, the Linear Tuning laser that tunable laser produces, enter main interference instrument, form beat frequency interference signal by reference light in back-scattering light in sensor fibre and reference arm, after the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus, obtain two-way beat frequency interference signal X and the Y of cross polarization, and this two paths of signals is carried out respectively to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) obtain signal FFT{X} and FFT{Y}, choose successively each position in sensor fibre by Moving Window;
Utilize Moving Window to choose successively sensor fibre middle distance domain information, by the FFT{X of selected part
iand FFT{Y
iutilize plural inversefouriertransform to be transformed into again wavelength domain to obtain X
iand Y
i; And the two is added and obtain at t
1time S (the t that inscribes
1)=X
i+ Y
i, remove DC terms;
At next moment t
2, calculate and obtain (the t at sensor fibre same position S according to first two steps
2)=X
i+ Y
i, to S (t
1) and S (t
2) calculating computing cross-correlation, obtain the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and correlogram, whether there is wave length shift according to cross-correlation peak value position and just can obtain sensor fibre and on this position, whether have magnetic field and magnetic field intensity, utilize general single mode fiber to carry out the distributed magnetic field sensing experiment of Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficient.
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