CN104155619B - Based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method - Google Patents
Based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155619B CN104155619B CN201410413001.9A CN201410413001A CN104155619B CN 104155619 B CN104155619 B CN 104155619B CN 201410413001 A CN201410413001 A CN 201410413001A CN 104155619 B CN104155619 B CN 104155619B
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method, it is related to distributing optical fiber sensing Instrument technology field, the device includes obtaining the main interferometer of transducing signal and providing the auxiliary interferometer of clock trigger signal for harvester, and tested sensor fibre is encapsulated on magnetostriction materials.Method includes by the light source of Linear Tuning obtaining different beat signals in main interference, using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) by wavelength domain information be transformed into each position in correspondence sensor fibre apart from domain information.Signal on sensor fibre is chosen in distance domain by Moving Window and passes through complex fast Fourier inverse transformation reconvert to wavelength domain, i.e. Rayleigh Scattering Spectra.The present invention improves measuring distance, and has higher spatial resolution, multiple spot magnetic field can be accurately positioned simultaneously, it is 5.3mT that magnetic field intensity most I, which is surveyed, and measuring distance is up to more than 300m, and Magnetic oriented precision is up to 14cm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributing optical fiber sensing Instrument technology field, more particularly to one kind to be based on magnetostriction distribution light
Frequency domain reflects magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method.
Background technology
Magnetic field with the important area such as continuous development, medical treatment, electric power, nuclear industry of society seems to its safe influence
It is particularly important.Distribution type fiber-optic magnetic field sensing system can realize magnetic field detection and positioning, have long distance monitoringv, high-precision fixed
The characteristic such as position, low energy dependence, high environmental tolerance, anticorrosive.
At present, distribution type fiber-optic magnetic field sensing mainly has two kinds, and the first scheme is to measure magnetic field based on polarization effect
Method, this method advantage are high sensitivities, and response is fast, but this method shortcoming has：Magnetic field intensity resolution capability is relatively low, is only capable of point
The magnetic field that size is more than 100mT is distinguished, this method is influenceed serious by Faraday effect in addition, and measuring distance is also shorter, is only
15m or so.Another scheme is the optical time domain reflection method based on magnetostriction materials.Sensitivity of this method feature to magnetic field
Height, but this method shortcoming is that spatial resolution is low, probably in more than 1m.
The content of the invention
The invention provides one kind to be based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device and demodulation method, this
Invention improves measuring distance, and has higher spatial resolution, described below：
One kind is based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device, and described device includes：
Tunable laser：For providing light source for probe beam deflation system；
1：99 beam splitters：The emergent light of tunable laser is entered by a ports of beam splitter, and with 1：99 ratio
Respectively from b, c port assignment to clock triggering system and main interferometer based on auxiliary interferometer；
Clock triggering system based on auxiliary interferometer includes：Isolator, the 1st：50 couplers, the first faraday turn
Mirror, second faraday's tilting mirror, delay optical fiber, detector and clock multiplier circuit module；
Main interferometer includes：Circulator, one 50：50 beam splitters, the 2nd 50：50 couplers, reference arm, test arm, partially
Shake controller, sensor fibre, the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus, the first balanced detector, the second balance detection
Device and harvester；
Solenoid：Copper conductor, which is wrapped on iron core, forms energization solenoid, for producing magnetic field；
Dc source：For leading to DC current for solenoid, so that solenoid produces magnetic field；
Computer：Data processing is carried out to the interference signal of harvester collection, realizes point based on magnetostrictive effect
Cloth probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing.
The isolator is prevented the 1st in auxiliary interferometer：The reflected light of the b ports of 50 couplers enters laser；The
One 50：50 couplers, for the interference of light, light is from the 1st：The b ports of 50 couplers enter, and are emitted from c and d ports, respectively by
First faraday's tilting mirror of two-arm and the reflection of second faraday's tilting mirror, return to the 1st：50 coupler c, d ports, two-beam
The 1st：Interfere in 50 couplers, exported from a ports；First faraday's tilting mirror and second faraday's tilting mirror, for for
Interferometer provides reflection, and can eliminate the polarization decay phenomenon of interferometer；Postpone optical fiber, for realizing that the beat frequency of non-equiarm is done
Relate to, optical frequency can be obtained according to beat frequency and delay fiber lengths；Detector is used to gather the 1st：50 couplers are from a ports
The interference beat signal of emergent light, i.e. auxiliary interferometer；Clock multiplier circuit module, one end access auxiliary interferometer detector are used
In by the interference beat signal frequency multiplication of auxiliary interferometer, the signal after frequency multiplication is accessed into harvester.
Light is from 50：The a ports of 50 beam splitters enter, and the Polarization Controller entered from b ports in reference arm, enter from c ports
Enter test arm；Circulator in test arm, it is that light enters from a ports of circulator that it, which is acted on, enters from the c ports of circulator and passes
Photosensitive fibre, the back-scattering light of sensor fibre enter from the c ports of circulator, exported from circulator port b ports, the 2nd 50：
50 coupler, back-scattering light on reference light on reference arm and test arm is entered into coupler by a ports and b ports and closes beam,
Form beat frequency interference and exported from the c ports of coupler and d ports；
First polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus are respectively connected to the 2nd 50：The c ports and d ports of 50 couplers,
Polarization beam splitting is carried out to signal；
The flashlight of the corresponding orthogonal direction for gathering two polarization beam apparatus output of two balanced detectors.
Described device also includes：Magnetostriction materials flat board, the sensor fibre are encapsulated in mangneto by epoxide-resin glue
On the flat board of telescopic material.
A kind of demodulation method based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device, methods described include with
Lower step：
According to linear frequency modulation principle, Linear Tuning laser caused by tunable laser, into main interferometer, by sense light
Back-scattering light forms beat frequency interference signal with reference light in reference arm in fibre, by the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization point
After beam device, two-way beat frequency interference the signal X and Y of cross-polarization are obtained, and fast Fourier change is carried out respectively to this two paths of signals
Get signal FFT { X } and FFT { Y } in return, choose each position in sensor fibre successively by Moving Window；
Distance domain information in sensor fibre is chosen successively using Moving Window, by the FFT { X of selected partiAnd FFT { YiProfit
With plural inversefouriertransform reconvert X is obtained to wavelength domainiAnd Yi；And the two is added and obtained in t1When S (the t that inscribe1)=
Xi+Yi, remove DC terms；
In subsequent time t2, calculate and obtained in sensor fibre same position S (t according to first two steps2)=Xi+Yi, to S (t1)
With S (t2) computing cross-correlation is calculated, the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and related figure is obtained, according to cross-correlation peak value position
Wave length shift whether occur can be obtained by sensor fibre to whether there is magnetic field and magnetic field intensity on this position, using common
Single-mode fiber carries out the distributed magnetic field sensing experiment of Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficient.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is：The present invention improves measuring distance, and has higher sky
Between resolution ratio, can to multiple spot magnetic field simultaneously be accurately positioned, magnetic field intensity most I survey be 5.3mT, measuring distance is reachable
More than 300m, Magnetic oriented precision is up to 14cm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the demodulation method based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device；
Fig. 3 is the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlogram in the absence of magnetic field；
Fig. 4 is Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlogram when magnetic field intensity is 5.3mT；
Fig. 5 is magnetic field intensity when being respectively 0mT, 73mT, 143.3mT, the wave length shift figure of corresponding two positions of optical fiber.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
1：Tunable laser； 2：Detector；
3：50:50 beam splitters； 4：1：99 beam splitters；
5：One 50:50 couplers； 6：Clock multiplier circuit module；
7：Postpone optical fiber； 8：First faraday's tilting mirror；
9：Second faraday's tilting mirror； 10：Isolator；
11：Computer； 12：Polarization Controller：
13：Circulator； 14：2nd 50:50 couplers；
15：Sensor fibre； 16：First polarization beam apparatus；
17：Second polarization beam apparatus； 18：First balanced detector；
19：Second balanced detector； 20：Harvester；
21：Tuning signal control module； 22：Reference arm；
23：Test arm； 24：Clock triggering system based on auxiliary interferometer；
25：Main interferometer； 26：Magnetostriction materials flat board；
27：Solenoid； 28：Dc source.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further
It is described in detail on ground.
Referring to Fig. 1, the device includes：Tunable laser 1：For providing light source for probe beam deflation system, light source is adopted
With narrow linewidth Linear Tuning LASER Light Source, its optical frequency can carry out linear scan；
1：99 beam splitters 4：The emergent light of tunable laser 1 is entered by a ports of beam splitter 4, and with 1：99
Ratio is respectively from b, c port assignment to clock triggering system 24 and main interferometer 25 based on auxiliary interferometer；
Clock triggering system 24 based on auxiliary interferometer：The sampling of the optical frequency intervals such as realization, the purpose is to suppress light source
Nonlinear scanning；Including isolator the 10, the 1st：50 couplers 5, first faraday's tilting mirror 8 and second faraday's tilting mirror 9, prolong
Slow optical fiber 7, detector 2 and clock multiplier circuit module 6.Isolator 10 is prevented the 1st in auxiliary interferometer：50 couplers 5
The reflected light of b ports enters laser；One 50：50 couplers 5, for the interference of light, light is from the 1st：The b ends of 50 couplers 5
Mouth enters, and is emitted from c and d ports, is reflected, return to by first faraday's tilting mirror 8 of two-arm and second faraday's tilting mirror 9 respectively
One 50：C, d port of 50 couplers 5, two-beam is the 1st：Interfere in 50 couplers 5, exported from a ports；First
The faraday's tilting mirror 9 of faraday's tilting mirror 8 and second, for providing reflection for interferometer, and the polarization decay of interferometer can be eliminated
Phenomenon；Postpone optical fiber 7, for realizing the beat frequency interference of non-equiarm, optical frequency can be obtained according to beat frequency and delay fiber lengths；Visit
Device 2 is surveyed to be used to gather the 1st：Interference beat signal of 50 couplers 5 from the emergent light, i.e. auxiliary interferometer of a ports；Clock
Frequency multiplier circuit module 6, one end access auxiliary interferometer detector 2 are used for the interference beat signal frequency multiplication of auxiliary interferometer, times
The purpose of frequency is can also to produce higher clock signal using shorter delay optical fiber in auxiliary interferometer, by the signal after frequency multiplication
Access harvester 20, the external timing signal as harvester 20.
Main interferometer 25：It is the core of probe beam deflation instrument, it is modified Mach Zehnder interferometer, including circulator
13rd, one 50：50 beam splitters the 3, the 2nd 50：50 couplers 14, reference arm 22, test arm 23, Polarization Controller 12, sensor fibre
15th, the first polarization beam apparatus 16 and the second polarization beam apparatus 17, the first balanced detector 18, the second balanced detector 19 and are adopted
Acquisition means 20.50：The effect of 50 beam splitters 3 is Mach Zehnder interferometer beam splitting.Light is from 50：The a ports of 50 beam splitters 3 enter, warp
Cross 50：The Polarization Controller 12 that 50 beam splitters 3 enter in reference arm 22 from b ports, enters test arm 23 from c ports.Reference arm
The effect of Polarization Controller 12 in 22 is that regulation refers to polarization state, makes its two orthogonal direction glazing strong basis in polarization beam splitting
This is consistent.Circulator 13 in test arm 23, it is that light enters from a ports of circulator 13 that it, which is acted on, from the c ports of circulator 13
Into sensor fibre 15, and the back-scattering light of sensor fibre enters from the c ports of circulator 13, from the port b ends of circulator 13
Mouth output, the 2nd 50：50 couplers 14, back-scattering light on reference light on reference arm 22 and test arm 23 is passed through into a ports and b
Port enters coupler 14 and closes beam, forms beat frequency interference and is exported from the c ports of coupler 14 and d ports.First polarization beam splitting
The polarization beam apparatus 17 of device 16 and second is respectively connected to the 2nd 50：The c ports and d ports of 50 couplers 14, are polarized to signal
Beam splitting.Purpose is to eliminate the influence of polarization decay noise.Two two polarization beam apparatus of corresponding collection of balanced detector 18 and 19
The flashlight of the orthogonal direction of output.Harvester 20：The analog electrical signal that two balanced detectors 18 and 19 are exported gathers
To computer 11, the wherein clock source of harvester 20 triggers system 24 from the clock based on auxiliary interferometer.
Magnetostriction materials flat board 26：The magnetostriction materials utilized in the present invention are that the Fe-Co-V that thickness is 0.5mm is closed
Golden flat board, for being combined with sensor fibre, sensor fibre 15 is encapsulated on the flat board of magnetostriction materials by epoxide-resin glue,
Stress variation can be produced when magnetostriction flat board is in magnetic field, causes the stress of sensor fibre to produce, passes through the biography to stress
Sense, so as to realize the sensing in magnetic field.
Solenoid 27：Copper conductor, which is wrapped on iron core, forms energization solenoid, for producing magnetic field.
Dc source 28：For leading to DC current for solenoid 27, so that solenoid 27 produces magnetic field.
Computer 11：Data processing is carried out to the interference signal that harvester 20 gathers, realization is based on magnetostrictive effect
Distributed probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing.
Referring to Fig. 2, demodulation method comprises the following steps：
101：According to linear frequency modulation principle, Linear Tuning laser caused by tunable laser 1, into main interferometer 25,
Beat frequency interference signal is formed by reference light in back-scattering light in sensor fibre 15 and reference arm 22, by the first polarization beam apparatus
16 and second after polarization beam apparatus 17, obtains two-way beat frequency interference the signal X and Y of cross-polarization, and this two paths of signals is distinguished
Carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtain signal FFT { X } and FFT { Y }, choose each position in sensor fibre successively by Moving Window
Put；
102：Chosen successively using Moving Window in sensor fibre apart from domain information, by the FFT { X of selected partiAnd FFT
{YiUsing plural inversefouriertransform reconvert X is obtained to wavelength domainiAnd Yi；And the two is added and obtained in t1When the S that inscribes
(t1)=Xi+Yi, remove DC terms；
103：In subsequent time t2, calculate and obtained in sensor fibre same position S (t according to first two steps2)=Xi+Yi, it is right
S(t1) and S (t2) computing cross-correlation is calculated, the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and related figure is obtained, according to where cross-correlation peak value
Whether position, which occurs wave length shift, can be obtained by sensor fibre and whether there is magnetic field and magnetic field intensity on this position, utilize
The distributed magnetic field sensing that general single mode fiber carries out such as Fig. 3 Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficients is tested.
When there is no magnetic field present, centered on the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position at former and later two moment
0, as shown in Figure 3.When magnetic field (touching optical fiber) be present, where the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value at former and later two moment
Position will produce drift.Demarcated by the size of different Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peakdeviation amounts, it is possible to
To the size that magnetic field and magnetic field intensity be present.
According to the apparatus and method in above-mentioned embodiment, tested optical fiber length is 320m in embodiment, is passing through helical
The flat board of magnetostriction materials is placed at the two poles of the earth in magnetic field caused by pipe respectively, and optical fiber is encapsulated in into flat board using epoxide-resin glue
On, the position that north and south dipolar magnetic field caused by solenoid is in optical fiber is respectively at 44.5m and 45.5m.When in the absence of magnetic field
When, 0 centered on the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position at former and later two moment, as shown in Figure 3.When magnetic field is strong
When degree size is 5.3mT, it is 14cm now to differentiate the spatial resolution that magnetic field intensity is 5.3mT, and the previous no magnetic field moment is with being somebody's turn to do
Drift will be produced by the Rayleigh Scattering Spectra cross-correlation coefficient peak value position at magnetic field moment, correspond to wave length shift is
0.83GHz, as shown in Figure 4.With being continuously increased for magnetic field intensity, the previous no magnetic field moment by the Rayleigh at magnetic field moment with should be dissipated
Penetrating spectrum cross-correlation coefficient peak shift amount will increase, namely the increase of wave length shift, be to be as shown in Figure 5 in fiber position
At 44.5m and 45.5m two, the distributed result of the wavelength shift when magnetic field intensity is respectively 0mT, 73mT and 143.3mT.
To the model of each device in addition to specified otherwise is done, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention,
As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention
Sequence number is for illustration only, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of demodulation method based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device, it is characterised in that described
Method comprises the following steps：
According to linear frequency modulation principle, Linear Tuning laser caused by tunable laser, into main interferometer, by sensor fibre
Back-scattering light forms beat frequency interference signal with reference light in reference arm, by the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus
Afterwards, two-way beat frequency interference the signal X and Y of cross-polarization are obtained, and carries out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) respectively to this two paths of signals and obtains
To signal FFT { X } and FFT { Y }, each position in sensor fibre is chosen successively by Moving Window；
Distance domain information in sensor fibre is chosen successively using Moving Window, by the FFT { X of selected partiAnd FFT { YiUsing again
Number inversefouriertransform reconvert obtains X to wavelength domainiAnd Yi；And the two is added and obtained in t1When S (the t that inscribe1)=Xi+
Yi, remove DC terms；
In subsequent time t2, calculate and obtained in sensor fibre same position S (t according to first two steps2)=Xi+Yi, to S (t1) and S
(t2) computing cross-correlation is calculated, the noise level of cross-correlation coefficient and related figure is obtained, is according to cross-correlation peak value position
Rayleigh Scattering Spectra wave length shift can be obtained by sensor fibre and whether there is magnetic field on this position in no generation sensor fibre
And magnetic field intensity, utilize distributed magnetic field of the general single mode fiber as sensor fibre progress Rayleigh scattering light spectral correlative coefficient
Sensing experiment；
Wherein, it is described to be included based on magnetostriction distribution probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing device：
Tunable laser：For providing light source for probe beam deflation system；
1：99 beam splitters：The emergent light of tunable laser is entered by a ports of beam splitter, and with 1：99 ratio difference
From b, c port assignment to clock triggering system and main interferometer based on auxiliary interferometer；
Clock triggering system based on auxiliary interferometer includes：Isolator, the 1st：50 couplers, first faraday's tilting mirror,
Two faraday's tilting mirrors, delay optical fiber, detector and clock multiplier circuit module；
Main interferometer includes：Circulator, one 50：50 beam splitters, the 2nd 50：50 couplers, reference arm, test arm, polarization control
Device, sensor fibre, the first polarization beam apparatus and the second polarization beam apparatus processed, the first balanced detector, the second balanced detector with
And harvester；
Solenoid：Copper conductor, which is wrapped on iron core, forms energization solenoid, for producing magnetic field；
Dc source：For leading to DC current for solenoid, so that solenoid produces magnetic field；
Computer：Data processing is carried out to the interference signal of harvester collection, realizes the distribution based on magnetostrictive effect
Probe beam deflation magnetic field sensing；
Described device also includes：Magnetostriction materials flat board, the sensor fibre are encapsulated in magnetostriction by epoxide-resin glue
On the flat board of material.
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| CN105698871B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-08-21 | 天津大学 | Distributed strain temperature simultaneously measuring device and method based on probe beam deflation |
| CN106052730B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-05-08 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of signal demodulating method and device for distributed fiber-optic sensor system |
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| CN108896936B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-07-10 | 清华大学 | Precise magnetic field detection method and system based on magnetostrictive material optical cavity |
| CN108931498B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for synchronously measuring gas absorption spectrum and absorption optical path in multi-pass cell |
| CN110412486B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-03-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Optical hollow tube cavity magnetic field sensing system with tunable optimal sensitivity frequency position |
| CN110375782B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-09-03 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving OFDR single scanning demodulation speed |
| CN110793556B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-08-06 | 天津大学 | Distributed three-dimensional shape sensing demodulation method based on optical frequency domain reflection parameter optimization |
| CN111239654B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2022-07-22 | 北京天骥空间科技有限公司 | Enhanced optical fiber interference type magnetic field sensor probe |
| CN113237431B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-03-18 | 山东大学 | Measurement method for improving distributed spatial resolution of OFDR system |
| CN113640616A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-12 | 四川大学 | Time domain oscillation pulse conversion method based on frequency domain reflection |
| CN113465528B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-08-23 | 天津大学 | High-speed distributed strain measurement system and method based on optical frequency domain reflection |
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