CN104155408B - A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast - Google Patents
A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104155408B CN104155408B CN201410325482.8A CN201410325482A CN104155408B CN 104155408 B CN104155408 B CN 104155408B CN 201410325482 A CN201410325482 A CN 201410325482A CN 104155408 B CN104155408 B CN 104155408B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- test
- paper
- test strips
- weight portion
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete method and test paper of test fast. Test paper comprises test strips and an end opening plastic film envelopes, and test strips is made up of siliver chromate and absorbent material, is enclosed in plastic film envelopes, and the opening of plastic film envelopes is positioned at one end of test strips long axis direction. Test paper is put into the slurries of fresh concrete, after arriving the predetermined testing time, take out the reaction zone length of observing or measuring test strips, by the reaction zone length of test strips of actual measurement and the contrast of the length data of sample, can obtain fresh concrete chlorine ion concentration numerical value. The present invention utilizes test paper immediately to detect chloride ion content in fresh concrete, and practicality is simple, fast, convenient, economy, can the fresh concrete of real-time testing different regions varying environment in chloride ion content. Chlorion detects and uses the actual loss that can effectively reduce engineering at fresh concrete station.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to chloride ions concentration of concrete test, relate in particular to a kind of chloride ions concentration of concreteMethod and the test paper of test fast.
[background technology]
Sea sand and " extra large sand room " problem are long-standing, and the quartz sand that picks up from seabed, coastal waters and seabeach generally contains chlorineSalt, is directly used in concrete batching without the extra large sand of the technical measures processing such as desalination, may cause in concreteSteel bar corrosion, and then affect xoncrete structure use and security performance. " extra large sand room " refers in concrete inappropriateUsed the building construction of extra large sand, in Taiwan Media News report, adopt at first, " extra large sand room " nowBecome a specific term, the building that general reference has been used defective extra large sand to build, comprises public, civilianBuilding or infrastructure.
The condition that sea sand causes Rust of Rebar in Concrete depends on chloride ion content in sand. Owing to become by seasonThe impacts such as change, production zone difference, pilling up time and mode, extra large sand salt content fluctuation is larger, different regions,The marine sand concrete structure of different times construction has larger variability. Even if used chloride ion content superTarget sea sand, building starts corrosion to developing into visible breakoff phenomenon (as concrete is opened from reinforcement corrosionSplit, peel off etc.) there is a process, " the extra large sand room " problem that finally exposes also needs several years, more than ten yearsOr the longer time. Therefore, how to identify marine sand concrete structure, and define the reinforcement corrosion wind that it is hiddenBecome by inches as technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Under general environment for use, as long as building has used defective extra large sand, be just faced with reinforcing bar rust alwaysErosion threatens. And for the marine sand concrete structure of high chloride ion content, there is no at present good treating method yet,The conventional recovery technique of reinforcement corrosion causing for environment chloride permeability, as impressed current, sacrificial anode andElectrochemical desaltings etc., seem and are not suitable for the marine sand concrete structure of mixing in chlorion. For example Taiwan authoritiesHigh chloride ion building is provided reinforcement, corrosion protection and removed and rebuild three kinds for the treatment of methods, wherein, simpleReinforcement and surperficial corrosion protection are all difficult to suppress further developing of steel bar corrosion, remove rebuild especially property andVery big loss and the waste of resource.
Mainly to adopt percussion drill to drill through concrete in the method for testing of engineering Chloride Ion in Concrete content at presentPowder sample is carried extraction chlorion from concrete powder sample, measures chloride ion content by methods such as chemical analyses, belongs toTypically third party detects afterwards. The shortcoming of said method is to break type sampling, testing expense costliness,Practical engineering application inconvenience, and be put to the test condition impact of test result is larger, does not have general applicability.In construction quality, there is not supervision and control effect simultaneously. If at fresh concrete station and engineering siteSet up a kind of simple, convenient, feasible on-the-spot chlorine ion test method, can effectively play monitoring effect.Particularly recall for the quality problems in xoncrete structure under littoral environment, have great importance.
Due to the complexity of above-mentioned series of problems, the harm of these hidden danger and the evaluation of developing are still lacked to scienceFoundation and effective means. For avoiding the generation of disaster, effective method is that to take certain technological means rightIn fresh concrete, chlorion is tested.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one chlorine ion concentration in fresh concrete is tested fastTest paper, can be simple, fast, convenient, the content of chlorion in real-time testing fresh concrete economically.
Another technical problem that will solve of the present invention is to provide a kind of fast to chlorine ion concentration in fresh concreteThe method of speed test, can be simple, fast, convenient, chlorion in real-time testing fresh concrete economicallyContent. .
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of Chloride Ion in ConcreteConcentration is the test paper of test fast, comprises test strips and an end opening plastic film envelopes, and test strips is by siliver chromateForm with absorbent material, be enclosed in plastic film envelopes, the opening of plastic film envelopes is positioned at test strips major axisOne end of direction.
Above-described test paper, test strips is by weight percentage by siliver chromate and the 5-25 weight portion of 1 weight portionAbsorbent material form; The width of test strips is 2-5mm, and length is 60-120mm, and thickness is 0.4-0.6mm.
Above-described test paper, the preparation method of test paper is as follows:
1) by absorbent material and and siliver chromate powder pour in the water of 500-1500 weight portion and stir and make mixingLiquid;
2) mixed liquor is removed to moisture the dry test-paper of making;
3) test-paper is cut into test strips by size;
4) with plastic sheeting, test strips is crossed and moulded, make test paper.
Above-described test paper, described absorbent material is 8-10 weight portion paper pulp; In step 301 by paperSlurry and siliver chromate powder priority are poured in the water of 900-1100 weight portion and are stirred and make mixed liquor; In stepIn 302, get 90-110ml mixed liquor, form moist test-paper with nutsch filter suction filtration, by moist test-paperTest-paper is made in oven dry.
Above-described test paper, described absorbent material is that 8-10 weight portion paper pulp and 0.4-0.6 weight portion are inhaledWater-resin; In step 301, successively pour paper pulp, water-absorbing resin and siliver chromate powder into 900-1100 weightIn the water of part, stir and make mixed liquor; In step 302, get 90-110ml mixed liquor, take out with nutsch filterFilter forms moist test-paper, and moist test-paper is dried and made test-paper.
Above-described test paper, described absorbent material is 5-7 weight portion paper pulp and 8-12 weight portion silica gel;In step 301, paper pulp, silica gel and siliver chromate powder are successively poured in the water of 900-1100 weight portion and stirredEvenly make mixed liquor; In step 302, get 90-110ml mixed liquor, form moist with nutsch filter suction filtrationTest-paper, dries moist test-paper to make test-paper.
Chloride ions concentration of concrete is a method for test fast, and above-mentioned test paper is put into fresh concreteSlurries in, arrive after the predetermined testing time and take out the reaction zone length of observing or measuring test strips, will be realThe reaction zone length of test strips of surveying and the contrast of the length data of sample, obtain fresh concrete chlorine ion concentrationNumerical value.
Above-described method, puts into respectively chlorion mass percent concentration difference by the test paper described in multipleSolution in, take out after arriving the predetermined testing time, measure respectively the reaction zone length of test strips, obtainThe length data of sample.
The present invention utilizes test paper immediately to detect chloride ion content in fresh concrete, and its advantage is, practicality, letterSingle, fast, convenient, economy, can the fresh concrete of real-time testing different regions varying environment in chlorine fromSub-content.
The present invention is in conjunction with strand xoncrete structure feature, and development is suitable for chlorion in fast detecting fresh concreteMethod, realized effective monitoring of chlorion in fresh concrete. Chlorion detects at fresh concrete stationUse can reduce the actual loss of engineering effectively.
[brief description of the drawings]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the front view of embodiment of the present invention test paper.
Fig. 2 is that A in Fig. 1 is to cutaway view.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at the I position in Fig. 2.
[detailed description of the invention]
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention is for the examination of test fast of fresh concrete chlorionPaper, comprises test strips 1 and plastics plastic film envelopes 2 two parts.
Test strips 1 is made up of siliver chromate and absorbent material, thickness deltat=0.4-0.6mm, and width B=2-5mmmm,Length L=60-120mm; For on-the-spot test fast;
Test strips 1 plastic packaging is in plastic film envelopes 2, and plastic film envelopes 2 has an opening, opening positionIn one end of test strips 1 long axis direction. the plastic sheeting of big envelope 2 and test paper close contact, mix for preventing and treating newlyConcrete pollutes test paper, and then affects test result.
The preparation method of the quick test paper of chlorine ion concentration in fresh concrete of the present invention, comprises following stepRapid:
1) take 5-25 weight portion absorbent material, join in the deionized water of 500-1500 weight portion;
2) absorbent material and deionized water are poured in cement blender and stirred 2min until be uniformly dispersed;
3) add the siliver chromate powder of 1 weight portion, itself and solution are stirred to 1min until be uniformly dispersed;
4) measure 100ml mixed liquor, can form thickness with nutsch filter suction filtration 30s is 0.4-0.6mm test paper(nutsch filter is the multiplex vavuum pump of SHB-III circulating water type to sheet, and brand is lion ancient cooking vessel, is had by Great Wall, Zhengzhou science, industry and tradeLimit company produces, and when use, pours the siliver chromate being stirred and absorbent material mixed solution into suction funnel, opensOpen instrument and can carry out suction filtration);
5) 60 DEG C of the test strips after suction filtration are dried to 6h;
6) test strips being cut into width is 3mm, and then the test paper that length is 80mm is crossed and moulded that (plastic sheeting isGuangdong Hong Da Packaging Materials Plant produces), after test strips is crossed and moulded, end cuts out opening.
Be described further below in conjunction with specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1:
Raw material: paper pulp, siliver chromate, deionized water, plastic sheeting.
Paper pulp (sulfate wood pulp, Paper Co., Ltd produces by the Pacific Ocean, Zhejiang) is as absorbent material.
Preparation process is as follows
1) take the paper pulp of 9g, add the deionized water of 1000g;
2) paper pulp and deionized water are poured in agitator and stirred 2min until be uniformly dispersed;
3) add the siliver chromate powder of 1g, itself and pulp solution are stirred to 1min until be uniformly dispersed;
4) measure respectively 100ml solution, with nutsch filter suction filtration, 30s can form test-paper;
5) 60 DEG C of the test-papers after suction filtration are dried to 6h;
6) test strips being cut into width is 3mm, and long is 80mm, and the test strips that thickness is 0.5mm, after moulding, after test strips is crossed and moulded, end cuts out opening.
Be more than the flow process of test paper making in laboratory, test paper suitability for industrialized production flow process is as follows: (1) slurrying: adoptMechanical pulping method is made paper pulp; (2) modulation: process divides the loose slurry of three step a. b. making beating c. to add glue and filling (thisStep adds siliver chromate powder to stir); (3) manufacture paper with pulp: a. is dried the moulding of b. cutting c. press mold.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material: paper pulp, water-absorbing resin, siliver chromate, deionized water, plastic sheeting.
Paper pulp (sulfate wood pulp, Paper Co., Ltd produces by the Pacific Ocean, Zhejiang) and water-absorbing resin (trade mark:NH-2,80 orders, are produced by Hua Su Science and Technology Ltd. of Shenzhen) mix as absorbent material.
Preparation process is as follows
1) take paper pulp and the 0.5g water-absorbing resin of 8g, add the deionized water of 1000g;
2) paper pulp, water-absorbing resin and deionized water are poured in agitator and stirred 2min until be uniformly dispersed;
3) take the siliver chromate powder of 1g, itself and solution are stirred to 1min until be uniformly dispersed;
4) measure 100ml mixed liquor, with nutsch filter suction filtration, 30s can form test-paper;
5) 60 DEG C of the test-papers after suction filtration are dried to 6h;
6) test strips being cut into width is 3mm, and long is 80mm, and the test strips that thickness is 0.5mm, after moulding, after test strips is crossed and moulded, end cuts out opening.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material: silica gel, paper pulp, siliver chromate, deionized water, plastic sheeting.
Paper pulp (sulfate wood pulp, Paper Co., Ltd produces by the Pacific Ocean, Zhejiang) and silica gel (Type B silica gel,80 orders, by Qingdao Haiyang silica gel, company produces) as absorbent material.
Preparation process is as follows:
1) take paper pulp and the 10g silica gel of 6g, add the deionized water of 1000g;
2) paper pulp, silica gel and deionized water are poured in agitator and stirred 2min until be uniformly dispersed;
3) take the siliver chromate powder of 1g, itself and solution are stirred to 1min until be uniformly dispersed;
4) measure respectively 100ml solution, with nutsch filter suction filtration, 30s can form test-paper;
5) 60 DEG C of the test strips after suction filtration are dried to 6h;
6) test strips being cut into width is 3mm, and long is 80mm, and the test strips that thickness is 0.5mm, after moulding, after test strips is crossed and moulded, end cuts out opening.
The test paper of embodiment 1-3 is put into respectively to the different solution of chlorion mass percent concentration,After arriving the predetermined testing time, take out, measure respectively the reaction zone length of test strips, obtain the length of sampleData, (reaction zone is white, and the length of white portion is reaction height, and conversion zone does not have variable color,Be still the original color of test paper---brick-red, conversion zone and the difference of conversion zone be not color notWith). As table 1:
Table 1: the length data table of embodiment 1-3 conversion zone
The test paper that three kinds of embodiment make is above carried out to Performance Evaluation test, wherein, embodiment 1 chlorine fromProtonatomic mass percent concentration is respectively and in 0.06%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% solution, tests reaction after five minutesSection length is respectively 30mm, 35mm, 45mm, 50mm, and the length in reaction of propagation region in time no longerChange.
In embodiment 1-3, the conversion zone of embodiment 1 is the longest, the most easily obtains testing result accurately,So the test paper effect of making as absorbent material using paper pulp is best, paper pulp mixes as water-absorption material with silica gelMaterial takes second place, and paper pulp mixes as absorbent material effect poor with water-absorbing resin.
Chloride Ion in Concrete monitoring method before the concrete use procedure the present invention relates to, step is as follows: willThe test paper that above-described embodiment is made is put into the slurries of fresh concrete, arrives (the enforcement of predetermined testing timeThe test paper of example 1 is 5 minutes) rear taking-up, clean test paper surface, observe or measure the reaction head of district of test stripsDegree, by the reaction zone length of test strips of actual measurement and the contrast of the length data of sample, obtains fresh concrete chlorineIon concentration number range. Thereby chloride ion content in judgement ready-mixed concrete, determines fresh concreteWhether chloride ion content exceeds standard.
The beneficial effect of the above embodiment of the present invention:
The present invention is the method for fresh concrete Cl ~-Monitoring, can go out ready-mixed concrete by at-once monitorThe chloride ion content of sample, and practical, simple, fast, convenient, economy;
The present invention select plastic sheeting and test paper tightly compacted, prevent ready-mixed concrete pollute test paper, make testEffect is more accurate;
The present invention can realize chlorion in the fresh concrete under the varying environment of different regions and test fast;
The present invention can realize at-once monitor, detects its chloride ion content before concrete comes into operation, and reachesThe object of prevention monitoring.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, not all at thisAny amendment of doing within bright spirit and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included in the present inventionProtection domain within.
Claims (6)
1. a chloride ions concentration of concrete test paper for test fast, comprises test strips, it is characterized in that,Comprise an end opening plastic film envelopes, test strips is enclosed in plastic film envelopes, the opening of plastic film envelopesMouth is positioned at one end of test strips long axis direction; Test strips is made up of siliver chromate and absorbent material; Test strips is by heavyAmount part is made up of the siliver chromate of 1 weight portion and the absorbent material of 5-25 weight portion; The width of test strips is2-5mm, length is 60-120mm, thickness is 0.4-0.6mm; Described absorbent material is 8-10 weight portionPaper pulp and 0.4-0.6 weight portion water-absorbing resin or 5-7 weight portion paper pulp and 8-12 weight portion silica gel are made;The preparation method of test paper is as follows:
101) by absorbent material and and siliver chromate powder pour in the water of 500-1500 weight portion, stir make mixedClose liquid;
102) mixed liquor is removed to moisture the dry test-paper of making;
103) test-paper is cut into test strips by size;
104) with plastic sheeting, test strips is crossed and moulded, make test paper.
2. test paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described absorbent material is 8-10 weightPart paper pulp; In step 101, paper pulp and siliver chromate powder are successively poured in the water of 900-1100 weight portionStir and make mixed liquor; In step 102, get 90-110ml mixed liquor, with the formation of nutsch filter suction filtrationMoist test-paper, dries moist test-paper to make test-paper.
3. test paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described absorbent material is 8-10 weightPart paper pulp and 0.4-0.6 weight portion water-absorbing resin; In step 101 by paper pulp, water-absorbing resin and siliver chromatePowder is successively poured in the water of 900-1100 weight portion and is stirred and make mixed liquor; In step 102, get90-110ml mixed liquor, forms moist test-paper with nutsch filter suction filtration, and moist test-paper is dried and madeTest-paper.
4. test paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described absorbent material is 5-7 weightPart paper pulp and 8-12 weight portion silica gel; In step 101, paper pulp, silica gel and siliver chromate powder are successively fallenEnter in the water of 900-1100 weight portion and stir and make mixed liquor; In step 102, get 90-110ml mixedClose liquid, form moist test-paper with nutsch filter suction filtration, moist test-paper is dried and made test-paper.
5. a chloride ions concentration of concrete method for test fast, is characterized in that, by claim 1Put into the slurries of fresh concrete to the test paper described in arbitrary claim in 4, while arriving predetermined testBetween after take out and observe or measure the reaction zone length of test strips, by reaction zone length and the sample of the test strips of actual measurementThis length data contrast, obtains fresh concrete chlorine ion concentration numerical value.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the test paper described in multiple is put into respectivelyIn the different solution of chlorion mass percent concentration, take out after arriving the predetermined testing time, measure respectivelyThe reaction zone length of test strips, the length data of acquisition sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410325482.8A CN104155408B (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2014-07-09 | A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410325482.8A CN104155408B (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2014-07-09 | A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104155408A CN104155408A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| CN104155408B true CN104155408B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
ID=51880964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410325482.8A Active CN104155408B (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2014-07-09 | A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104155408B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104634856B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-09-05 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | The detection method of chloride ion content in sea sand |
| CN106290826A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-01-04 | 熊光滨 | Colour band height quantitative method |
| CN106124494B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-08-31 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | The enrichment of chloride and rapid detection method in water |
| CN109884043A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-14 | 南通市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Chloride content prod and preparation method thereof |
| CN110618128B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-11-09 | 河海大学 | Test bar for rapidly testing concentration of chloride ions in concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110672599B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-08-30 | 詹仰东 | On-site detection method and detection device for spraying amount of concrete protective material |
| CN111208130B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2022-07-29 | 福建师范大学 | Test strip for rapidly detecting tyrosinase in serum and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114018910A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-08 | 河海大学 | Test bar for rapidly detecting chloride ions in cement paste and preparation method and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB564750A (en) * | 1943-03-04 | 1944-10-11 | Horace Ingleson | Means for determining the salinity of salt solutions |
| JPS5461986A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1979-05-18 | Toyo Roshi Kaisha | Substance and test piece for detecting chlorine in milk* and method of making said substance and test piece |
| DE3425728A1 (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1986-01-16 | Relectronic GmbH, 8045 Ismaning | Test strips for colorimetric determination of the chloride ion density |
| CN2376627Y (en) * | 1999-05-04 | 2000-05-03 | 曹现强 | Indication bar for determing available chlorine |
| CN2375965Y (en) * | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-26 | 曹现强 | Effective chlorine test paper |
| CN201666875U (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-08 | 新疆农业大学 | Fast detection test paper for sodium chloride doped in milk |
-
2014
- 2014-07-09 CN CN201410325482.8A patent/CN104155408B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104155408A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104155408B (en) | A kind of chloride ions concentration of concrete is method and the test paper of test fast | |
| CN101377464B (en) | Method for non-destroyed real time continuously testing for concrete carbonization depth | |
| Rodriguez | Influence of cracks on chloride ingress into concrete | |
| Lye et al. | Carbonation resistance of fly ash concrete | |
| CN101539499B (en) | Deductive method of hardened concrete mixing ratio | |
| CN101694449A (en) | Testing device for carbonization resistance of cement based materials and testing method | |
| CN101762681B (en) | Method for testing two-dimensional distribution of chloride ions in cement mortar | |
| CN103755195B (en) | Utilize the method that urease-producing microorganism and calcium acetate prepare high intensity microorganism mortar | |
| CN105424578B (en) | The method and experimental rig of contactless Impedance Determination concrete interconnected pore rate | |
| CN109444391A (en) | The measurement method of super absorbent resin reflation rate in a kind of hydrated cement paste | |
| CN103630533B (en) | Concrete surface dissociates the detection method of the SO42-ion erosion degree of depth | |
| Qiu et al. | Carbonation Study of Cement-Based Material by Electrochemical Impedance Method. | |
| CN106323837A (en) | Novel testing method for anti-permeability and durability of cement concrete | |
| Cairns | Enhancements in surface quality of concrete through use of controlled permeability formwork liners | |
| CN100510746C (en) | Early capillary negative pressure automatic detector for concrete | |
| Bernal et al. | Durability and testing–degradation via mass transport | |
| CN107607463A (en) | A kind of concrete sewer corrosion detecting method | |
| CN105466833B (en) | Load action concrete hole structure evolution in-situ monitoring method and experimental rig | |
| CN117069466A (en) | High-water-resistance gypsum and strength measurement method and strength prediction method thereof | |
| Tang et al. | Chloride penetration into concrete exposed under different conditions | |
| US9423326B1 (en) | Method of obtaining simulated pore water | |
| CN105910930A (en) | Corrosion test method for concrete | |
| CN103234885A (en) | Determination method for osmotic coefficient of plastic cut-off wall | |
| CN102584057B (en) | Concrete chlorine salt resistant penetrating agent and application thereof | |
| Andrews-Phaedonos | Test methods for the assessment of durability of concrete |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |