CN104155201B - A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed - Google Patents
A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155201B CN104155201B CN201410393708.8A CN201410393708A CN104155201B CN 104155201 B CN104155201 B CN 104155201B CN 201410393708 A CN201410393708 A CN 201410393708A CN 104155201 B CN104155201 B CN 104155201B
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- snow melting
- melting speed
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Abstract
The present invention provides the assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, including the ice needed for the quality of ice, preparing experiment needed for experiment with computing, sets the steps such as the parameters such as ice crushing machine rotating speed, record experimental data, calculating snow melt rate.The assay method of described pavement snow melting speed is carried out by snowfall snow melt analog, and described device includes that environmental cabinet, control station and compressor, described environmental cabinet include ice crushing machine, specimen stage and collection meausring apparatus；Described ice crushing machine is fixedly mounted on the top of described environmental cabinet, described collection meausring apparatus is arranged on the bottom of described environmental cabinet, described specimen stage has certain angle of inclination, is fixedly mounted on above described collection meausring apparatus, is arranged at the bottom of removable sieve bottom described ice crushing machine.The snow melt evaluation methodology that the present invention provides can compare under the same terms the snow melt rate on different road surfaces, such as relative analysis prevailing roadway and the snow melt rate on the road surface containing various additives, so that it is determined that being smoothed out of the kind added or content, beneficially research work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed.
Background technology
In the place that long-term snowfall or snowfall are big, it is easy to due to icy on road after snowfall and the traffic thing such as result in an automobile accident
Therefore, therefore, road construction business or relevant departments, before construction, the link component with good snow melt effect should be selected, thus
Build up the road with excellent snow melt effect, effectively reduce the generation of vehicle accident.
Along with the raising of traffic safety consciousness, it was recognized that the baneful influence for vehicle accident icy on road, more come
The most scientific research personnel take to the research on snow melt road surface, and laboratory experiment uses for convenience, Simulation of Snowfall device, but by
One is not the most also had to evaluate additive from the snow melt road surface such as melting property road surface, steel fibre heating reasonably, maturely, rapidly
The instrument of indoor test Rateof snowmelt.
Notification number is that the utility model patent file of CN202973701U discloses a kind of artificial climate environmental test chamber use
Snowing device, it includes cold air circulation supply equipment and water smoke feedway: the air outlet of cold air circulation supply equipment and
Return air inlet is arranged in test chamber and air outlet is positioned at above return air inlet, air outlet the test flowing into and flowing out from return air inlet
The cold air of room forms down draft in test chamber, and water smoke feedway is provided with atomizer array, this atomizer array
Be arranged in test chamber and be positioned in the flow path of described down draft, the water smoke that described atomizer array sprays with
Down draft forms ice crystal during declining, and forms snowfall in test chamber.According to its snowfall forming process, this people
Work climatic enwronmental test room snowing device needs have bigger height space, the brilliant formation snowfall so that water smoke build-ups ice, therefore
Device requisite space is big.
Notification number is that the utility model patent file of CN203586642U discloses a kind of V-type insulator chain snowberg test use
Snow making apparatus, including experimental cabin, water supplying unit and duration unit, Unit totally seven are arranged in experimental cabin, and experimental cabin inner top sets
Having support, the surface of support is provided with spray gun, and the V-shaped arrangement of insulator hangs on support, spray gun ejection air-water mixture,
Snowfall is formed in experimental cabin.Ibid, device requisite space is big.
On the other hand, above-mentioned Simulation of Snowfall device all can not simulate snow melt, and current part researcher uses and satisfies the need
Face first freeze after the experiment of ice-melt, actually this is not snow melt experiment but ice-melt experiment.Although also there being some scholars to propose
Cross and utilize the exposed rate on snow melt road surface as evaluation index, but have a lot of problem here.First bare area itself measures by mistake
Difference is relatively big, and the bottom of the most exposed road snow of its second part is also possible to melt away, and snow melt may be less than fall when the 3rd snowfall is excessive
Snow, it may appear that do not have the situation of bare area, but can not think do not have snow melt.Therefore, for evaluating the snow melt effect on road surface
Experimental technique and evaluation index all there is problem more or less and be difficult at present unified.So, research invention one is closed
The simulated roadway snow melt snowfall experimental technique of reason is extremely urgent.
Part scientific research personnel uses the ice that will make in advance, and the monoblock ice with test specimen same cross-sectional is placed on test specimen table
Face, but owing to the texture structure on road surface itself causes road surface and ice sheet larger gap occur with the uneven shaping on ice sheet surface, real
Testing result discrete type big, relatively big with natural snowfall difference, error is bigger, it is impossible to react the snow melt effect on road surface truly.Part
Scientific research personnel uses the experiment of ice-melt after first freezing to characterize the snow melt effect on road surface, but this differs greatly with practical situation, with
Snowfall and mechanism in natural environment are inconsistent.
According to document, some scientific research structures have developed certain equipment to evaluate the snow melt effect on road surface, Ru Haer
Ice polytechnical university professor Liu Xiaohong uses MTS system, square shaped test specimen to carry out static(al) deicing experiment；Japan traffic study room and the rising sun
In development & construction portion, river joint research and development goes out drum, direct type freezes road surface traveling machine；The rut that Chang An University develops voluntarily opens ice road surface
Instrument etc., these equipment road surface experiment effect that opens ice seif-citing rate is preferable, but for melting property road surface certainly or heated type road surface
Experiment effect is the most bad.Because at low temperatures, the deformation of non-seif-citing rate pavement track is almost nil, and ice sheet will not rupture.It addition, it is big
The research of part scientific research personnel is concentrated mainly on ice-melt or opens ice, and the most first snows in the extremely low lower just meeting of temperature
Form ice sheet not correspond.The experimental apparatus of these exploitations, all can not carry out snow melt experiment, if waiting until to carry out on-the-spot inspection winter
Survey, then the time is long, costly.
Notification number is that the utility model patent of CN202421178U discloses a kind of salt from the snow melt pavement snow melting life-span
Prediction means, is wherein provided with poroid specimen stage bottom test specimen, is provided with inclination deflector, makes below poroid specimen stage
Melt the water formed and flow into metering device.But, the test specimen on specimen stage is impermeable, so bottom is arranged to porous, and
Surface of test piece snow water can not be made to arrive inclined downward deflector smoothly, and the water that surface dissolves away also is intended to from test specimen side
Flowing down, this can affect test accuracy, also can increase the flow path dissolving away water, and then increase test period.
So, a kind of new indoor snowfall snow melt experimental apparatus of research invention and evaluation methodology can simulation roads to the full extent
Face snowfall, and calculate snow melt rate by formula so that there is comparability between different test specimens, be to be badly in need of solving.
Summary of the invention
For above not enough, the technical problem to be solved is: provide a kind of snowfall snow melt analog, a kind of
The assay method of pavement snow melting speed, can merging into nature at a temperature of simulated roadway snowfall and natural environment, and then can comment
The Thaw performance on valency snow melt road surface.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of snowfall snow melt analog, including environmental cabinet, ice crushing machine, specimen stage, receipts
Collection meausring apparatus, controller, compressor, temperature sensor and temperature controller, it is characterised in that: described ice crushing machine fixedly mounts
At the top of described environmental cabinet, described collection meausring apparatus is arranged on the bottom of described environmental cabinet, and described specimen stage fixedly mounts
Above described collection meausring apparatus.
Preferably, described temperature sensor is arranged on the side of specimen stage.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described controller and described compressor are arranged on described environmental cabinet side.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described controller and compressor are arranged on the right side of described environmental cabinet.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described controller is arranged in above described compressor.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the upper surface of described environmental cabinet, left-hand face and/or front surface are provided with
Bright window, in order to the situations such as observation experiment process.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the left-hand face of described environmental cabinet is movable door, in order to puts into, take out
Test specimen and the replacing ice crushing machine sieve end.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described controller includes casing and control panel.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described temperature controller is arranged in the casing of described controller.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described control panel includes collecting the display equipment of meausring apparatus, temperature
Control and regulation device, ice crushing machine switch and ice crushing machine speed setting unit.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine is blade type ice crushing machine.When blade rotates trash ice, it is less than
The ice crystal of this sieve aperture just trickles down test piece upper part.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, bottom described ice crushing machine at the bottom of the replaceable sieve with different screen size.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine bottom screens is 0.5-2mm.According to different in 24 hours
Snowfall, bottom the replaceable ice crushing machine with different screen size, concrete snowfall is corresponding with screen size, such as following table institute
Show:
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described specimen stage includes tilting section and horizontal segment and linkage section, described connection
The two ends, left and right of section are connected with tilting section and horizontal segment respectively, and described linkage section bottom is provided with opening.Specimen stage is designed to
The snow water melted away can be preferably collected in inclination, notification number be CN202421178U utility model patent file at the bottom of test specimen
Portion is arranged to porous, but the test specimen on specimen stage is impermeable, so so can not well collect the snow water melted away,
Effect is little, and the water that surface dissolves away also is intended to flow down from test specimen side, and specimen stage is arranged to inclination, and test specimen also can be to tilt
, the water that such surface of test piece melts away just can flow down in time.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the centrage of the tilting section of the centrage of described ice crushing machine and described specimen stage
Overlap.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the angle between tilting section and the horizontal line of described specimen stage is 1-5 °.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the bottom end opening of described specimen stage linkage section is circular.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the bottom end opening a size of 5-10mm of described specimen stage linkage section.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described collection meausring apparatus includes electronic scale and water container, described in be filled with water
Container is arranged in above electronic scale.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the centrage of the bottom end opening of described specimen stage linkage section claims with described collection
The centrage of amount device overlaps.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described compressor is positioned at an enclosed casing.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the upper plate of described snowfall snow melt analog arranges dress ice mouth, described dress
Ice mouth is positioned at above ice crushing machine, in order to put into preprepared ice.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, six surface configurations of described snowfall snow melt analog have heat-insulation layer, with
Reduce thermal loss, save the energy, protect environment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described snowfall snow melt analog also includes alarm device.Weigh when collecting
The quality of device exceedes the range of weighing of electronic scale, environmental cabinet temperature ratio sets when consolidating too high or too low or has different in compressor
When thing or moisture, alarm device is reported to the police, in order to operator check in time, rebuild or change, the generation of minimizing accident, and favorably
It is smoothed out in experiment, reduces the waste caused due to fault and repeatedly work.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described snowfall snow melt analog also includes automatic safety device.Work as collection
The display numerical value weighed not when change, environmental cabinet constant temperature such as are constantly raised and lowered at the fault, described automatic safety device
Automatically power off, quit work, reach the purpose of protection, can effectively minimizing accident occur.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tilting section of described specimen stage, horizontal segment and linkage section by pottery, glass or
One or more in polyethylene are made.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tilting section of described specimen stage, the material of horizontal segment are pottery, linkage section
Material is polyethylene.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tilting section of described specimen stage, the material of horizontal segment are glass, linkage section
Material is polyethylene.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tilting section of described specimen stage, the material of horizontal segment are glass, linkage section
Material is pottery.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tilting section of described specimen stage, the material of horizontal segment are pottery, linkage section
Material is glass.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the display device of described collection meausring apparatus is liquid crystal indicator.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described temperature control and regulation device is knob.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described temperature control and regulation device is digital display device, both can accurately set
Temperature, it is also possible to the real time temperature in display environment case, is conducive to carrying out repeating experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine switch is push-button switch.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine switch switchs for gate-pulling type.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine speed setting unit is knob.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described ice crushing machine speed setting unit is digital display device, both can accurately set
Determine the rotating speed of ice crushing machine, it is also possible to show the real-time slewing rate of ice crushing machine in digital form, be conducive to carrying out repeating experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the temperature of described environmental cabinet can arbitrarily regulate.
In above-mentioned any scheme, six surfaces of described environmental cabinet are constituted by dismountable shell, in order to maintenance.With
Reason, the casing of controller and the closed box at compressor place are the most all to be made up of dismountable shell, in order to maintenance.
The test specimen of described snowfall snow melt analog includes rut plate test specimen, cement concrete pavement test specimen, it is also possible to adopt
With other satisfactory test specimens, it is primarily referred to as the size of size composite samples platform, including being fixed on showing of specimen stage
Field cutting sample or other cutting sample.
Described snowfall snow melt analog can be used for from melting formula road surface, hot melten type or microwave type road surface.
This device is by changing the quality adding ice in ice crushing machine and the size of ice crushing machine bottom screens control ice crystal, mould
Intend snowfall size, the most broken fall ice crystal freely fall with the sieve aperture that is rotated through of ice crushing machine with simulated roadway snowfall
Journey, ensures the most unrestrained to the full extent.
The test specimen platform of this device has certain angle of inclination, it is ensured that can flow away smoothly at the snow water after thawing, goes forward side by side
Enter to collect meausring apparatus.Use ice crushing machine, be enough to simulate laboratory experiment completely, additionally compare steam and form ice crystal, use trash ice
Machine forms ice crystal, and cost is relatively low, and equipment needed thereby is simple to operation.
The operating procedure of described snowfall snow melt analog includes:
1. switch on power, turn on the power switch, set environment case temperature, ice crushing machine rotating speed etc.；
2. test specimen is fixed on the tilting section of specimen stage；
3. open compressor switch；
4. treat that described environmental cabinet temperature reaches design temperature, preprepared ice cube is put in ice crushing machine；
5. open ice crushing machine switch, and record collect meausring apparatus initially show numerical value；
6. on certain time segment record test specimen, flow down the quality of water, till test piece upper part accumulated snow has melted；
7. shutdown, deenergization.
Second aspect, the invention provides the assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, and it comprises the following steps:
Step A: according to different grades of snowfall, by formula m=hs × ρWaterThe quality of the ice needed for experiment with computing, wherein
M is the quality of the required ice of experiment, and h is snowfall, and s is ice crushing machine bottom area；
Step B: make test specimen；
Step C: according to snowfall intensity, install the ice crushing machine chassis of corresponding sieve aperture；
Step D: according to the quality of the required ice that step A calculates, get out the ice cube of at least required quality in advance；
Step E: open snowfall snow melt analog on and off switch, according to experiment snowfall intensity regulation ice crushing machine, arranges broken
The parameters such as ice maker rotary speed, environmental cabinet temperature, the most different snowfall intensity is as follows with the rotating speed corresponding relation of ice crushing machine:
Step F: put into test specimen, opens compressor switch, the compressor starts operating of described snowfall snow melt analog, treats
Described environmental cabinet temperature reaches design temperature, and surface of test piece temperature is consistent with environmental cabinet temperature, takes obtain in step A required
The ice cube of quality is put in ice crushing machine；
Step G: open ice crushing machine switch, ice crushing machine is started working, and while ice crushing machine rotates, forms snowfall；
Step H: record is collected the initial mass of meausring apparatus or made zero, segment record test specimen is upper at regular intervals
The quality of lower water, i.e. collects the display numerical value (display is on the control panel) of weighing, till the accumulated snow of test piece upper part has melted；
Step I: according to mass change and the time recorded, fall to avenging area, calculates Rateof snowmelt.
Preferably, described step is carried out successively.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the enforcement order of described step is: B → A → C → D → E → F → G → H →
I。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the enforcement order of described step is: B → C → A → D → E → F → G → H →
I。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the enforcement order of described step is: A → C → B → D → E → F → G → H →
I。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the enforcement order of described step is: A → D → B → C → E → F → G → H →
I。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the enforcement order of described step is: A → B → D → C → E → F → G → H →
I。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the quality calculating required ice in described step A is, s value 0.0314m2。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the cut-and-dried ice cube side of being ice cube in described step C.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described step C, cut-and-dried ice cube is 10*10*10mm3Fang Bing
Block.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described step C, cut-and-dried ice cube is 24*24*24mm3Fang Bing
Block.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described step C, cut-and-dried ice cube is 36*36*36mm3Fang Bing
Block.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described step C, cut-and-dried ice cube is 50*50*50mm3Fang Bing
Block.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in described step C, cut-and-dried ice cube is 20*20*20mm3Fang Bing
Block.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, step G once collects the display numerical value of weighing every 5-20 minute record.
The time interval of record can adjust according to actual, if the display change in value collecting meausring apparatus is slow, can suitably increase
Long record time interval, if the display change in value collecting meausring apparatus is fast, can suitably shorten record time interval.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, step G once collects the display numerical value of weighing every 5 minutes records.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, step G once collects the display numerical value of weighing every 10 minutes records.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, step G once collects the display numerical value of weighing every 20 minutes records.
By the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed that the present invention provides, calculate the snow melt rate on road surface, phase can be compared
The snow melt rate on different road surfaces under the conditions of Tong, such as relative analysis prevailing roadway and the snow melt rate on the road surface containing various additives, from
And determine kind or the content of interpolation, beneficially being smoothed out of research work.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described snow melt rate can be calculated by below equation:
Wherein: R (T) is snow melt rate, g/ (min*m2)；
T is test temperature, DEG C；
△ m is mass change, g；
△ t is that front and back's reading duration is poor, min；
S (approximates ice crushing machine bottom area, cm for falling to avenging area2, fixed value).
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the computing formula of described snow melt rate value when calculating is ice crushing machine bottom faces
Long-pending.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the computing formula of described snow melt rate, fall to avenging area S value 0.0314cm2。
Wherein, test temperature T in formula can be arbitrary temp, as can be subzero 35 ° to zero degree, it is also possible to be zero
On temperature.
Wherein, processing according to the experimental data recorded of data, make corresponding broken line graph, take slope variation little
The slope of one section of straight line, as snow melt rate, the correlation ratio of straight line and measured data is more than 0.97.
Preferably, the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed of second aspect uses the snowfall snow melt mould described in first aspect
Intend device to test.
When calculating snow melt rate, if the dependency of data is more than 0.97, then the slope of regression straight line is as △ m, note
The time interval of record is △ t.
If the dependency of data is less than 0.97, the data just started or at the end of snow melt should be cast out, take dependency relatively
Good data make a regression straight line again, take the slope of regression straight line as △ m, and the time interval of record is that △ t calculates and melts
Snow rate.
Snowfall snow melt analog and the spendable test specimen of evaluation methodology thereof that the present invention provides include on-site cutting test specimen,
Also include ready-made rut plate test specimen, or other satisfactory test specimens, be primarily referred to as the size of size composite samples platform, bag
Including can be to be fixed on on-site cutting test specimen or the test specimen of other mode molding of specimen stage, for precipitation formula from melting road surface,
Hot melten types etc. are non-relies on deformation deicing road surface the most applicable.Simulate road surface snowfall and merging into nature the most to the full extent, it is to avoid
The experimental expenses of great number and Site Detection difficulty.
The specimen stage of this device has certain angle of inclination, it is ensured that can flow away smoothly at the snow water after thawing, and enters
Collect meausring apparatus.Use ice crushing machine, be enough to simulate laboratory experiment completely, additionally compare steam and form ice crystal, use ice crushing machine
Forming ice crystal, cost is relatively low, and equipment needed thereby is simple to operation.By the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed that the present invention provides,
Calculate the snow melt rate on road surface, and the snow melt pavement snow melting rate computing formula that the present invention provides, recognizing in industry after being conducive to
Card, communication, the progress to the industry is significant, can compare the snow melt rate on different road surfaces under the same terms, as to score
Analysis prevailing roadway and the snow melt rate on the road surface containing various additives, so that it is determined that the kind added or content, beneficially scientific research
Being smoothed out of work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of an embodiment of the snowfall snow melt analog according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the snow melt quality pass with the time of an embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
System's figure.
Fig. 4 is snow melt quality and the time of another embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
Graph of a relation.
Fig. 5 is snow melt quality and the time of another embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
Graph of a relation.
Fig. 6 is snow melt quality and the time of another embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
Graph of a relation.
Fig. 7 is snow melt quality and the time of another embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
Graph of a relation.
Fig. 8 is snow melt quality and the time of another embodiment of the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed according to the present invention
Graph of a relation.
Wherein, 1 dress ice mouth；2 ice crushing machines；The 3 ice crushing machine sieve ends；4 environmental cabinets；5 specimen stages；61 electronic scales, 62 water containers；
7 control panels；8 compressors.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but
Present disclosure is not only limited to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, its front view is as it is shown in figure 1, include environmental cabinet 4, ice crushing machine 2, specimen stage 5, receive
Collection meausring apparatus, controller, compressor 8, temperature sensor and temperature controller；Ice crushing machine 2 is blade type, including motor and rotation
Rotor sheet, is fixedly mounted on the top of environmental cabinet 4, and at the bottom of the ice crushing machine sieve replaceable sieve with different screen size in the end 3, with mould
Intend different snowfalls；Described collection meausring apparatus includes electronic scale 61 and water container 62, is arranged on the bottom of environmental cabinet 4,
Water container 62 is arranged in above electronic scale 61；Specimen stage 5 is fixedly mounted on above described collection meausring apparatus, and specimen stage 5 wraps
Include the linkage section of the circular open being provided with a diameter of 5mm with the tilting section that horizontal line angle is 3 °, horizontal segment and bottom, linkage section
Two ends, left and right be connected with tilting section and horizontal segment respectively, the opening centrage of linkage section with collect meausring apparatus centrage weight
Closing, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, horizontal segment and linkage section are made up of pottery, and test specimen is bolted to specimen stage 5 by test specimen is fixing
On；Temperature sensor is arranged on the rear side of specimen stage 5, described controller and compressor 8 and is arranged on the right side of environmental cabinet 4, compression
Machine 8 is arranged in a casing closed, and the panel of each of this casing is detachable, in order to maintenance, described controller cloth
It is placed in above compressor 8；The left-hand face of environmental cabinet 4 is movable door, this dodge gate can left and right movable, described controller includes
Casing and control panel 7, described temperature controller is arranged in the casing of described controller, and control panel 7 includes collecting weighing
The display equipment of device, temperature control and regulation device, ice crushing machine switch and ice crushing machine speed setting unit, wherein temperature controls
Adjusting means and ice crushing machine speed setting unit are all digital displays, can the current temperature of display device and the rotating speed of ice crushing machine,
Also can accurately arrange, be beneficial to carry out repeating experiment, the switch of ice crushing machine 2 is gate-pulling type switch；Six surfaces of environmental cabinet 4 equal
It is made up of dismountable shell, in order to maintenance.In like manner, the closed box at the casing of described controller and compressor 8 place is also
It is all to be made up of dismountable shell.
Embodiment 1.1.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the upper plate of described snowfall snow melt analog sets
Putting dress ice mouth 1, dress ice mouth 1 is positioned at above ice crushing machine 2.
Embodiment 1.1.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, six surfaces of described snowfall snow melt analog
It is provided with heat-insulation layer.
Embodiment 1.1.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described snowfall snow melt analog also includes reporting to the police
Device.
Embodiment 1.1.4
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described snowfall snow melt analog also includes automatically
Protection device.
Embodiment 1.1.5
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the upper surface of environmental cabinet 4 is provided with transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.6
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the left-hand face of environmental cabinet 4 is provided with transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.7
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the front surface of environmental cabinet 4 is provided with transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.8
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the upper surface of environmental cabinet 4 and left-hand face are arranged
There is transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.9
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the left-hand face of environmental cabinet 4 and front surface are arranged
There is transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.10
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, upper surface and the front surface of environmental cabinet 4 are provided with
Transparency window.
Embodiment 1.1.11
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the upper surface of environmental cabinet 4, left-hand face and front table
Face is provided with transparency window.
Embodiment 1.2.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, between tilting section and the horizontal line of specimen stage 5
Angle is 4 °.
Embodiment 1.2.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, between tilting section and the horizontal line of specimen stage 5
Angle is 5 °.
Embodiment 1.2.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, between tilting section and the horizontal line of specimen stage 5
Angle is 2 °.
Embodiment 1.2.4
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, between tilting section and the horizontal line of specimen stage 5
Angle is 3 °.
Embodiment 1.2.5
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, between tilting section and the horizontal line of specimen stage 5
Angle is 1 °.
Embodiment 1.3.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, has a diameter bottom the linkage section of specimen stage 5
Circular open for 7mm.
Embodiment 1.3.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, has one directly bottom the linkage section of described specimen stage
Footpath is the circular open of 9mm.
Embodiment 1.3.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, has a diameter bottom the linkage section of specimen stage 5
Circular open for 10mm.
Embodiment 1.4.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described controller and compressor 8 are arranged in environment
The left side of case, and the right side of environmental cabinet be can left and right movable and be provided with the dodge gate of transparency window.
Embodiment 1.4.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described controller and compressor 8 are arranged in environment
The left side of case, and the rear side of environmental cabinet be can left and right movable and be provided with the dodge gate of transparency window.
Embodiment 1.4.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described controller and compressor 8 are arranged in environment
The left side of case, and the front side of environmental cabinet be can left and right movable and be provided with the dodge gate of transparency window.
Embodiment 1.4.4
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, and the rear side of environmental cabinet 4 be can left and right activity also
It is provided with the dodge gate of transparency window.
Embodiment 1.4.5
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, and the front side of environmental cabinet 4 be can left and right activity also
It is provided with the dodge gate of transparency window.
Embodiment 1.5.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, horizontal segment and linkage section
It is made up of glass.
Embodiment 1.5.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, horizontal segment and linkage section
It is made up of polyethylene.
Embodiment 1.5.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, the material of horizontal segment are
Pottery, the material of linkage section is polyethylene.
Embodiment 1.5.4
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, the material of horizontal segment are
Glass, the material of linkage section is polyethylene.
Embodiment 1.5.5
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, the material of horizontal segment are
Glass, the material of linkage section is pottery.
Embodiment 1.5.6
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the tilting section of specimen stage 5, the material of horizontal segment are
Pottery, the material of linkage section is glass.
Embodiment 1.6.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described temperature control and regulation device is knob.
Embodiment 1.6.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, described ice crushing machine speed setting unit is knob
Formula.
Embodiment 1.6.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, the switch of described ice crushing machine 2 is push-button switch.
Embodiment 1.7.1
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, temperature sensor is arranged on the front side of specimen stage 5.
Embodiment 1.7.2
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, temperature sensor is arranged on the left side of specimen stage 5.
Embodiment 1.7.3
A kind of snowfall snow melt analog, as different from Example 1, temperature sensor is arranged on the right side of specimen stage 5.
Embodiment 2.1
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, its flow chart is as in figure 2 it is shown, in the present embodiment, be used for evaluating AC-13
MFL additive test specimen five degrees below zero time moderate snow snow melt effect, concrete operations are as follows:
Step one: make test specimen
Replace breeze by powder MFL, adjust grating so that it is meet the grading limit of AC-13, wherein powder MFL
Character, adding proportion and index are as shown in table 1-4, and bitumen aggregate ratio is 4.7%, according to " highway engineering Colophonium and asphalt examination
Test code " (JTG E20 2011) T0703-2011, make satisfactory wheel and crush test specimen, sample dimensions is 30*30*5cm
^3。
The density of table 1 building stones
The performance indications of 2 No. 70 bi tumenf orr oads of table
The adding proportion of each building stones of table 3
Table 4 formate gradation composition
Step 2: according to the division of China's snow level, it is known that during moderate snow, 24 hours interior snowfalls are 2.5-4.9mm,
The bottom area s of the ice crushing machine 2 according to snowfall simulation device for melting snow, calculates that to need the quality of ice be 78.5---153.86g；
Step 3: install the ice crushing machine sieve end 3 of corresponding 1.18mm；
Step 4: prepare the ice cube of 100g with cryostat or refrigerator, nugget size is 24*24*24mm3；
Step 5: open the on and off switch of snowfall snow melt analog, adjusting ambient case 4 temperature is-5 DEG C, ice crushing machine 2 turns
Speed is 900r/min；
Step 6: be fixed on specimen stage 5 by the test specimen made, opens compressor 8 and switchs, snowfall snow melt analog
Compressor 8 starts running, and after two hours, surface of test piece temperature is consistent with environmental cabinet 4 temperature, by preprepared 100g ice cube
Put in ice crushing machine 2；
Step 7: opening ice crushing machine 2 and switch, ice crushing machine 2 is started working, while ice crushing machine 2 rotates, forms snowfall；
Step 8: reset by the numerical value collecting meausring apparatus, observed snow situation, and records collection weighing every five minutes
The display numerical value of device, record data are as follows:
Step 9: according to the experimental data of record, calculates snow melt rate R (T), and its concrete operations are for first to make by experimental data
Broken line graph, simultaneously according to equation of linear regression, makes regression straight line, as shown in Figure 3.
Visible, coefficient R ^2 of experimental data is more than 0.97, and the slope of regression straight line is 7.6396, so, in formula
△ m=7.6396g, △ t=5min, so snow melt rate is:
Embodiment 2.2
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, for evaluating pavement structure moderate snow when zero degree of common AC-13
Snow melt rate, specifically includes following steps:
Step one: make test specimen
Wherein test specimen material therefor character index is as described in table 5-8, and bitumen aggregate ratio is 4.7%, according to " highway engineering Colophonium and
Asphalt Mixture Experiment code " (JTG E20 2011) T0703-2011, make satisfactory wheel and crush test specimen, test specimen chi
Very little for 30*30*5cm3。
The density of table 5 building stones
The performance indications of 6 No. 70 bi tumenf orr oads of table
The adding proportion of each building stones of table 7
Table 8 formate gradation composition
Step 2: according to the division of China's snow level, it is known that during moderate snow, 24 hours interior snowfalls are 2.5-4.9mm,
Bottom area s according to ice crushing machine 2, calculates that to need the quality of ice be 78.5---153.86g；
Step 3: install the ice crushing machine sieve end 3 of corresponding 1.18mm；
Step 4: prepare the ice cube of 100g with cryostat or refrigerator, nugget size is 24*24*24mm3；
Step 5: open the on and off switch of snowfall snow melt analog, adjusting ambient case 4 temperature is subzero 5 DEG C, ice crushing machine
2 rotating speeds are 900r/min；
Step 6: be fixed on specimen stage 5 by the test specimen made, opens compressor 8 and switchs, snowfall snow melt analog
Compressor 8 starts running, and after two hours, surface of test piece temperature is consistent with environmental cabinet 4 temperature, by preprepared 100g ice cube
Put in ice crushing machine 2；
Step 7: opening ice crushing machine 2 and switch, ice crushing machine 2 is started working, while ice crushing machine 2 rotates, forms snowfall；
Step 8: reset by the numerical value collecting meausring apparatus, observed snow situation, and records collection water dress every five minutes
The numerical value put, record data are as follows:
Step 7: according to the empirical value of record, calculates snow melt rate R (T), makes data broken line graph, root with excel form
According to equation of linear regression, make regression curve, as shown in Figure 4, the linearly dependent coefficient R^2=0.9680 of data, less than 0.97,
So giving up snow melt to start and terminate data point, selecting four preferable points of linear dependence in the middle of 5min---20min, calculating
Snow melt rate, its broken line graph and regression straight line are as it is shown in figure 5, the correlation coefficient of data is 0.9945, it is known that △ m=26.4g, △ t
=5min, so snow melt rate is:
Embodiment 2.3
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: in step 2, according to China slight snow
Time, 24 hours interior snowfalls are 0.1-2.4mm, according to ice crushing machine 2 bottom area s, calculate the quality of required ice up to
3.14-75.36g, in step 3, installs the ice crushing machine sieve end 3 that screen size is 0.5mm；In step 4, prepare the ice cube of 30g；
In step 5, ice crushing machine 2 speed setting is 1500r/min, and the data of record are as follows:
Its broken line graph and regression straight line as shown in Figure 6, so snow melt rate is:
Embodiment 2.4
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: in step 2, according to China's heavy snow
Time, 24 hours interior snowfalls are 5.0-9.9mm, and according to ice crushing machine 2 bottom area s, the quality calculating required ice is 157-
310.86g, in step 3, installs the ice crushing machine sieve end 3 that screen size is 1.5mm；In step 4, prepare the ice cube of 200g；Step
In rapid five, ice crushing machine 2 speed setting is 750r/min；In step 8, once collect the aobvious of meausring apparatus every 10 minutes records
Registration value, the data of record are as follows:
Its broken line graph and regression straight line are as it is shown in fig. 7, so snow melt rate is:
Embodiment 2.5
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: in step 2, according to China's severe snow
Time, 24 hours interior snowfalls be 10mm and more than, according to ice crushing machine 2 bottom area s, the quality calculating required ice is 314g
More than and, in step 3, it is installed the ice crushing machine sieve end 3 that screen size is 2.0mm；In step 4, prepare the ice cube of 320g；Step
In five, ice crushing machine 2 speed setting is 650r/min；Step 8 once collects the display number of meausring apparatus every 20 minutes records
Value, the data of record are as follows:
Its broken line graph and regression straight line as shown in Figure 8, so snow melt rate is:
Embodiment 2.6
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.4: in step 8, every 20 minutes notes
The display numerical value of meausring apparatus is once collected in record.
Embodiment 2.7.1
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: cut-and-dried in described step C
Ice cube is 10*10*10mm3Square ice cube.
The assay method of an embodiment 2.7.2 pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: in described step C
Cut-and-dried ice cube is 36*36*36mm3Square ice cube.
Embodiment 2.7.3
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: cut-and-dried in described step C
Ice cube is 50*50*50mm3Square ice cube.
Embodiment 2.7.4
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: cut-and-dried in described step C
Ice cube is 20*20*20mm3Square ice cube.
Embodiment 2.8.1
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: first carry out step 2, be then carried out
Step one, more sequentially implement other steps.
Embodiment 2.8.2
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.1: the enforcement of step one to step 3 is suitable
Sequence is: first implementing step one, be then carried out step 3, be then carried out step 2, order implements other steps the most again.
Embodiment 2.8.3
The assay method of a kind of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.8.1: the enforcement of step one to step 3
Order is: first implements step 2, is then carried out step 3, is then carried out step one, and order implements other steps the most again.
Embodiment 2.8.4
A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.8.1: first implement step 2, then real
Executing step 4, then order implements step one and step 3 and other steps.
Embodiment 2.8.5
A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed, unlike embodiment 2.8.1: first implement step 2, then real
Executing step one, then order implements step 4 and step 3 and other steps.
Embodiment described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is merely to illustrate the present invention, not for restriction
The present invention, the present invention is not limited to this, it is noted that the present invention for those skilled in the art, not
On the premise of departing from the technology of the present invention principle, it is also possible to make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be regarded as this
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (21)
1. an assay method for pavement snow melting speed, it comprises the following steps:
Step A: according to the snowfall of different brackets snowfall, by formula m=hs × ρWaterThe quality of the ice needed for experiment with computing, wherein
M is the quality of the required ice of experiment, and h is snowfall, and s is ice crushing machine bottom area；
Step B: make test specimen；
Step C: according to snowfall intensity, install the ice crushing machine sieve end of corresponding sieve aperture；
Step D: calculate the quality of required ice according to step A, gets out the ice cube of at least required quality in advance；
Step E: open snowfall snow melt analog on and off switch, according to the snowfall intensity regulation ice crushing machine needed for experiment, is arranged
Ice crushing machine rotary speed, environmental cabinet temperature parameter；
Step F: put into test specimen, opens compressor switch, the compressor starts operating of described snowfall snow melt analog, treats described
Environmental cabinet temperature reaches design temperature, and surface of test piece temperature is consistent with environmental cabinet temperature, takes the required quality obtained in step A
Ice cube put in ice crushing machine；
Step G: open ice crushing machine switch, ice crushing machine is started working, and while ice crushing machine rotates, forms snowfall；
Step H: record is collected the initial mass of meausring apparatus or made zero, and flows down water at regular intervals on segment record test specimen
Quality, i.e. collect the display numerical value of weighing, its display on the control panel, till the accumulated snow of test piece upper part has melted；
Step I: according to mass change and the time recorded, fall to avenging area, calculates Rateof snowmelt.
2. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step is carried out successively.
3. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the enforcement order of described step
For: B → A → C → D → E → F → G → H → I.
4. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the enforcement order of described step
For: B → C → A → D → E → F → G → H → I.
5. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the enforcement order of described step
For: A → C → B → D → E → F → G → H → I.
6. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the enforcement order of described step
For: A → D → B → C → E → F → G → H → I.
7. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the enforcement order of described step
For: A → B → D → C → E → F → G → H → I.
8. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step A, calculate required
During the quality of ice, ice crushing machine bottom area s value 0.0314m2。
9. the assay method of the pavement snow melting speed as according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that: described step C
In the cut-and-dried ice cube side of being ice cube.
10. the assay method of pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the size of described side's ice cube
For 10*10*10mm3。
The assay method of 11. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the size of described side's ice cube
For 24*24*24mm3。
The assay method of 12. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the size of described side's ice cube
For 36*36*36mm3。
The assay method of 13. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the size of described side's ice cube
For 50*50*50mm3。
The assay method of 14. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the size of described side's ice cube
For 20*20*20mm3。
The assay method of 15. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step G is divided every 5-20
The display numerical value of meausring apparatus once collected in clock record.
The assay method of 16. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 15, it is characterised in that: every 5 minutes in step G
The display numerical value of meausring apparatus once collected in record.
The assay method of 17. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 15, it is characterised in that: every 10 points in step G
The display numerical value of meausring apparatus once collected in clock record.
The assay method of 18. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 15, it is characterised in that: every 20 points in step G
The display numerical value of meausring apparatus once collected in clock record.
The assay method of 19. pavement snow melting speed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described snow melt rate is by following
Formula calculates:
Wherein: R (T) is snow melt rate, g/ (min*m2)；
T is test temperature, DEG C；
△ m is mass change, g；
△ t is that front and back's reading duration is poor, min
S avenges area for falling, m2。
The assay method of 20. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 19, it is characterised in that: the calculating of described snow melt rate
Formula S value when calculating is ice crushing machine bottom area.
The assay method of 21. pavement snow melting speed as described in claim 19, it is characterised in that: the calculating of described snow melt rate
In formula, fall to avenging area S value 0.0314m2。
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410393708.8A CN104155201B (en) | 2014-08-12 | A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410393708.8A CN104155201B (en) | 2014-08-12 | A kind of assay method of pavement snow melting speed |
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| CN104155201B true CN104155201B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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