CN104152612A - Blast furnace baking method - Google Patents
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- CN104152612A CN104152612A CN201410409743.4A CN201410409743A CN104152612A CN 104152612 A CN104152612 A CN 104152612A CN 201410409743 A CN201410409743 A CN 201410409743A CN 104152612 A CN104152612 A CN 104152612A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a blast furnace baking method. The blast furnace baking method comprises the following steps in sequence: cold air is passed in a blast furnace; the temperature of the cold air is heated up to 300 DEG C from 15 DEG C with the speed of 6-20 DEG C/h, and is kept for 30-80 h at 300 DEG C; the temperature of the cold air is heated up to 500 DEG C with the speed of 8-16 DEG C/h, and is kept for 20-40 h at 500 DEG C; the temperature of the cold air is heated up to 600 DEG C with the speed of 8-16 DEG C/h, and is kept at 600 DEG C; when the waste gas humidity of the blast furnace is equal to the atmospheric humidity, and the central temperature of first and second layers of supercompact clay bricks of the blast furnace is not lower than 90 DEG C, the third-time temperature keeping is stopped; and the subsequent procedure preparation temperature is cooled to with the speed of 10-20 DEG C/h. The blast furnace baking method can evenly and stably heat up the material resistant temperature in the furnace, enables the moisture to be slowly evaporated, enhances the whole strength of brickworks, slows down the erosion of a hearth, and can effectively prolong the service life of the hearth of the blast furnace.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, concrete relate to a kind of blast oven method.
Background technology
Blast furnace is the visual plant of metallurgy industry, and when blast furnace is smelted operation, in stove, temperature is up to thousands of degrees Celsius.In order to ensure safety, in the body of heater of Blast Furnace Bottom from fire brick layer to cooling stave, along different depths, be all embedded with a plurality of thermopairs, for Real-Time Monitoring blast furnace temperature, the temperature of normal circumstances lower furnace body from inside to outside progressively reduces, and cooling stave temperature should be lower than 30 ℃.If thermopair detects certain one deck temperature higher than normal range, show that this layer of refractory brick damages, and likely causes blast furnace to burn accident if develop as one pleases.
For the blast furnace of newly-built or break-down maintenance, body of heater and internal structure meeting absorbing moisture thereof, if direct ignition operation, the moisture in stove evaporates rapidly and then causes that fire brick layer breaks and efflorescence.So before blast furnace opening, baker is a necessary program.Yet, the domestic a kind of blast oven method that still there is no at present standard, in the past blast oven baker by rule of thumb just.The furnace technology that there is no mature and reliable, causes usually occurring that blast-furnace smelting operation starts soon, the phenomenon that temperature drift appears in some position of flame retardant coating just detected, and spot failure progressively expands in the course of time, finally causes blast furnace to damage completely, obviously reduces blast furnace campaign.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of blast oven method is provided, can slowly stably improves furnace interior temperature, its moisture is slowly evaporated, prevent that fire brick layer from breaking and efflorescence, extend blast furnace work-ing life.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Blast oven method, comprises following steps in sequence:
A, startup blower fan, to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, continue 0.5～2h, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～3000Nm
3/ min;
B, setting wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, start to heat up for the first time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 6～20 ℃/h, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the first time and continues 30～80h in the time of 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min;
C, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 500 ℃ for the second time, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～2800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the second time and continues 20～40h in the time of 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 1500～2300Nm
3/ min;
D, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 600 ℃ for the third time, and air quantity is controlled at 800～1800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 700～1200Nm
3/ min, regularly detects blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature>=90 of blast furnace ℃, stops being incubated for the third time;
E, with the speed of 10～20 ℃/h, wind-warm syndrome cools to subsequent handling and prepares temperature, air quantity is controlled at 1900～2600Nm
3/ min.
Further, the preparation of the subsequent handling in described step e temperature is 350 ℃.
Further, in stove top pressure-controlled at≤26kPa.
Further, carry out successively following steps:
A, startup blower fan, to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, continue 1h, and air quantity is controlled at 2150Nm
3/ min;
B, setting wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, start to heat up for the first time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 8.3 ℃/h, and air quantity is controlled at 2750Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the first time and continues 57h in the time of 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2800Nm
3/ min;
C, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 10 ℃/h is warmed up to 500 ℃ for the second time, and air quantity is controlled at 2000Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the second time and continues 30h in the time of 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 1600Nm
3/ min;
D, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 10 ℃/h is warmed up to 600 ℃ for the third time, and air quantity is controlled at 800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 850Nm
3/ min, regularly detects blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature>=90 of blast furnace ℃, stops being incubated for the third time;
E, with the speed of 10 ℃/h, wind-warm syndrome cools to 350 ℃, air quantity is controlled at 2450Nm
3/ min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use blast oven method of the present invention, can slowly stably improve temperature in stove, its moisture is slowly evaporated, what prevent that fire brick layer fast dewatering from causing breaks and efflorescence, extend blast furnace work-ing life.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Blast oven method, comprises following steps in sequence:
A, startup blower fan, to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, continue 0.5～2h, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～3000Nm
3/ min;
B, setting wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, start to heat up for the first time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 6～20 ℃/h, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the first time and continues 30～80h in the time of 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min;
C, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 500 ℃ for the second time, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～2800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the second time and continues 20～40h in the time of 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 1500～2300Nm
3/ min;
D, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 600 ℃ for the third time, and air quantity is controlled at 800～1800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 700～1200Nm
3/ min, regularly detects blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature>=90 of blast furnace ℃, stops being incubated for the third time;
E, with the speed of 10～20 ℃/h, wind-warm syndrome cools to subsequent handling and prepares temperature, air quantity is controlled at 1900～2600Nm
3/ min.
Furnace drying method of the present invention, successively comprises intensification and holding stage and last temperature-fall period that cold wind ventilating stage, minute third gear are carried out.
Cold wind, during the stage, starts blower fan to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, time length 0.5～2h, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～3000Nm
3/ min; Make formation air flow in body of heater.Along with blower fan running, the heat that blower fan running self produces can make air outlet temperature raise gradually, and according to on-the-spot temperature situation, the air outlet temperature that the lasting 0.5～2h that ventilates can reach blower fan can reach stable.
Then start to heat up for the first time, set wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, after wind-warm syndrome arrives 150 ℃, start to be warmed up to 300 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 6～20 ℃/h, air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min, if atmospheric moisture is larger, heat-up rate should slow down as far as possible, and moisture slow evaporation is discharged.In the time of 300 ℃, be incubated for the first time, time length 30～80h, during insulation, air quantity is also controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min; Heating and heat preservation process can be discharged a large amount of steam in body of heater for the first time.
Then the heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h heats up for the second time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 500 ℃ from 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～2800Nm
3/ min is incubated for the second time in the time of 500 ℃, time length 20～40h, and air quantity is controlled at 1500～2300Nm
3/ min; The temperature in this heating and heat preservation stage is than the aforesaid heating and heat preservation stage, and temperature is higher, and ventilation is less, can promote that the residual water steam raising in body of heater is discharged.
Next the heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h heats up for the third time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 600 ℃ from 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 800～1800Nm
3/ min is then incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 700～1200Nm
3/ min.Through front two-wheeled heating and heat preservation, most of steam in body of heater is discharged, now proceed to the final stage of baker, when insulation, can regularly detect blast furnace waste gas humidity, for example, every 8 hours, detect a blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature >=90 of blast furnace ℃, stop being incubated for the third time.Now the steam in blast furnace is almost got rid of completely, can carry out subsequent job.Moisture content measurement contrast can be to adopt the standard of absolute humidity to contrast, for example, in the position away from blast furnace a little, the absolute humidity of atmosphere is carried out to sample detecting, then the absolute humidity of data and blast furnace tail gas is contrasted.Because Humidity Detection instrument has certain error, when the difference that waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture detected is at 0.2g/m
3within, be judged to be equally, if continuous 3 detected results show that waste gas humidity equates with atmospheric moisture, show that the interior moisture of blast furnace eliminates substantially.
Then enter temperature-fall period, air quantity is controlled at 1900～2600Nm
3/ min, carries out wind-warm syndrome cooling with the speed of 10～20 ℃/h, reaches subsequent handling and prepares after temperature, and whole baker process completes, and can enter subsequent handling.So-called subsequent handling is prepared temperature, refers to and after baker completes, needs next step operation of carrying out, and the operation of for example will feeding after baker, is reduced to 350 ℃ by wind-warm syndrome, prevents that coke or firewood from reaching burning-point.
Further, furnace drying method of the present invention, can be preferably in stove top pressure-controlled at≤26kPa.By control, pushed up and pressed regulation system, control the top of blast furnace and press, if blast furnace top pressure is too low, can cause the heat in stove to run off fast, the too high structure deteriorate in stove that easily causes is pressed on top.
With several groups of parameters of specifically implementing, present method is described below, in Table 1～table 4, adopts different baker parameters to carry out baker.While measuring waste gas humidity, as waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture difference≤0.2g/m with the time
3, be judged as now waste gas humidity and equal atmospheric moisture, if be that continuous 3 secondary data show in 24 hours, waste gas humidity all equals atmospheric moisture, is to show that in body of heater, moisture eliminates substantially, can stop being incubated for the third time.
Table 1:
Above-mentioned table 1 data implication is to carry out successively following steps:
1) pass into cold wind: air quantity is set as 2350 Nm
3/ min, the time length is 1 hour, controls top and press as 3.7kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
2) heat up for the first time: temperature starting point is set as 150 ℃, and stop is 300 ℃, and air quantity is 2700 Nm
3/ min, the time length is 15 hours, is that wind-warm syndrome is progressively warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 10 ℃/h heat-up rate, controls top and press as 10.0kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
3) insulation for the first time: Temperature Setting is 300 ℃, and air quantity is 2700Nm
3/ min, the time length is 55 hours, controls top and press as 20.0kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
4) heat up for the second time: temperature starting point is set as 300 ℃, and stop is 500 ℃, and air quantity is 2700Nm
3/ min, the time length is 20 hours, is to heat up with 10 ℃/h heat-up rate, when top is pressed onto while reaching 25kpa, starts to control top pressure≤26kpa, controls top and press as 25.0kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
5) insulation for the second time: Temperature Setting is 500 ℃, and air quantity is 1800Nm
3/ min, the time length is 35 hours, controls top and press as 25.0kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
6) heat up for the third time: temperature starting point is set as 500 ℃, and stop is 600 ℃, and air quantity is 1000Nm
3/ min, the time length is 10 hours, controls top and press as 25.0kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture.
7) insulation for the third time: Temperature Setting is 600 ℃, and air quantity is 950Nm
3/ min, the time length is 72 hours, every waste gas humidity of detection in 8 hours and atmospheric moisture, detecting for the first time waste gas humidity is 12.9g/m
3, atmospheric moisture is 11.2g/m
3, during end, control top and press as 25.0kpa; The like, when detecting waste gas humidity the 7th time, waste gas humidity is 9.8g/m
3, atmospheric moisture 9.6g/m
3, now waste gas humidity is than the high 0.2g/m of atmospheric moisture
3, can be judged to be waste gas humidity and equal atmospheric moisture, then twice continuous test result also shows that waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, shows that in blast furnace, moisture eliminates substantially, stops insulation.
8) temperature-fall period: temperature starting point is set as 600 ℃, stop is 350 ℃, air quantity is 2400Nm
3/ min, the time length is 20 hours, controls top and press as 25.8kpa during end, does not detect waste gas humidity and atmospheric moisture during end.
The parameter meaning of following table 2～table 4 is the same, represents that gradation heats up and is incubated, and difference is each cloth time length, wind-warm syndrome, air quantity difference, top pressure, waste gas humidity, atmospheric moisture difference.
Table 2:
Table 3:
Table 4:
Use the baker parameter of above-mentioned table 1～table 4, can slowly stably improve temperature in stove, its moisture is slowly evaporated, what prevent that fire brick layer fast dewatering from causing breaks and efflorescence, blast furnace is not found the situation of body of heater Rapid Damage in follow-up long-time use procedure yet, can extend blast furnace work-ing life.
Claims (4)
1. blast oven method, is characterized in that, comprises following steps in sequence:
A, startup blower fan, to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, continue 0.5～2h, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～3000Nm
3/ min;
B, setting wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, start to heat up for the first time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 6～20 ℃/h, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the first time and continues 30～80h in the time of 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2600～3000Nm
3/ min;
C, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 500 ℃ for the second time, and air quantity is controlled at 2000～2800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the second time and continues 20～40h in the time of 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 1500～2300Nm
3/ min;
D, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 8～16 ℃/h is warmed up to 600 ℃ for the third time, and air quantity is controlled at 800～1800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 700～1200Nm
3/ min, regularly detects blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature>=90 of blast furnace ℃, stops being incubated for the third time;
E, with the speed of 10～20 ℃/h, wind-warm syndrome cools to subsequent handling and prepares temperature, air quantity is controlled at 1900～2600Nm
3/ min.
2. blast oven method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, it is 350 ℃ that the subsequent handling in described step e is prepared temperature.
3. blast oven method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, top pressure-controlled is at≤26kPa in stove.
4. blast oven method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out successively following steps:
A, startup blower fan, to passing into cold wind in blast furnace, continue 1h, and air quantity is controlled at 2150Nm
3/ min;
B, setting wind-warm syndrome to 150 ℃, start to heat up for the first time, and wind-warm syndrome is warmed up to 300 ℃ since 150 ℃ with 8.3 ℃/h, and air quantity is controlled at 2750Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the first time and continues 57h in the time of 300 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 2800Nm
3/ min;
C, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 10 ℃/h is warmed up to 500 ℃ for the second time, and air quantity is controlled at 2000Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the second time and continues 30h in the time of 500 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 1600Nm
3/ min;
D, then the wind-warm syndrome heat-up rate with 10 ℃/h is warmed up to 600 ℃ for the third time, and air quantity is controlled at 800Nm
3/ min, wind-warm syndrome is incubated for the third time in the time of 600 ℃, and air quantity is controlled at 850Nm
3/ min, regularly detects blast furnace waste gas humidity, when blast furnace waste gas humidity equals atmospheric moisture, and during first and second layer of super leck brick core temperature>=90 of blast furnace ℃, stops being incubated for the third time;
E, with the speed of 10 ℃/h, wind-warm syndrome cools to 350 ℃, air quantity is controlled at 2450Nm
3/ min.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410409743.4A CN104152612A (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | Blast furnace baking method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110617710A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-27 | 安徽楚江科技新材料股份有限公司 | Furnace drying method of walking beam furnace |
| CN111020086A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Method for quickly introducing coal gas during blow-in of blast furnace |
| CN115466809A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-12-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for cooling system of blast furnace drying |
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| CN1361290A (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-31 | 攀枝花新钢钒股份有限公司炼铁厂 | Blast furnace opening process |
| CN101818221A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-09-01 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method capable of rapidly reaching yield after small and medium maintenance of blast furnace |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110617710A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-27 | 安徽楚江科技新材料股份有限公司 | Furnace drying method of walking beam furnace |
| CN111020086A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Method for quickly introducing coal gas during blow-in of blast furnace |
| CN115466809A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-12-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for cooling system of blast furnace drying |
| CN115466809B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2023-10-17 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for cooling system of blast furnace baking furnace |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |