CN104150698A - Device and method for advanced treatment of rural domestic water through M type constructed wetland - Google Patents
Device and method for advanced treatment of rural domestic water through M type constructed wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150698A CN104150698A CN201410359903.9A CN201410359903A CN104150698A CN 104150698 A CN104150698 A CN 104150698A CN 201410359903 A CN201410359903 A CN 201410359903A CN 104150698 A CN104150698 A CN 104150698A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for advanced treatment of rural domestic water through an M type constructed wetland. The device is mainly characterized in that a first level grille machine is connected with a second level grille machine, the second grille machine is connected with the M type constructed wetland, the water outlet of the M type constructed wetland is connected to a surface turbulence filtering device through a booster pump, and the water outlet of the surface turbulence filtering device is connected with an water outlet sump. The invention also discloses a method for advanced treatment of rural domestic water through the M type constructed wetland. The method and the device have obvious treatment effect on sewage with high content of heavy metal and large fluctuation of pollution load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using.
The invention still further relates to and utilize said apparatus to carry out the method for three grades of water outlet advanced treatment of sewage.
Background technology
Artificial swamp (CWConstructed Wetland) sewage disposal technology is a kind of New Technology about Wastewater Treatment growing up the end of the seventies.It has, and treatment effect is good, nitrogen phosphorus removal ability is strong, during-operation service convenient management, engineering capital construction and running expense is low and to the feature such as load variations is adaptable, relatively be suitable for technology management level not bery high, the cities and towns that scale is less or rural sewage disposal.The purification mechanism of artificial swamp: artificial swamp combines physics, chemistry and three kinds of biological effects to the processing of waste water.After wet land system maturation, filling surface and root system of plant will form microbial film due to a large amount of microbial growths.Wastewater streams is when microbial film, and a large amount of SS stopped and hold back by filler and root system of plant, and organic pollutant is removed by biomembranous absorption, assimilation and dissimilation.In wet land system because root system of plant discharges the transmission of oxygen, make to occur successively in its environment around aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state, guaranteed that the nitrogen phosphorus in waste water can not only be by plant and microorganism as dietetic alimentation, but also can be removed by nitrated, denitrification, last wet land system changes filler or harvesting serike is finally removed pollutent.
The subject matter of domestic sewage in rural areas by using is its decentralized, low and the feature with a small amount of foreign material of pollution load, the present invention adopts artificial swamp to process domestic sewage in rural areas by using in conjunction with surface turbulence screen apparatus, processes domestic sewage in rural areas by using good follow-up purifying step is provided for ecological method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using.
For achieving the above object, the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using provided by the invention, mainly comprises:
One-level grid maker connects secondary grid maker;
Secondary grid maker is connected to M type artificial swamp;
The water outlet of M type artificial swamp is connected to surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
The water outlet of surface turbulence screen apparatus is connected to outlet sump;
Wherein:
M type artificial swamp is concrete wall, does antiseepage and processes, and by partition wall, is divided into two parts, and water inlet one side integral body is higher than water outlet one side;
Each part in M type artificial swamp is divided into again two regions, and the both sides of close partition wall are filled with respectively A mixed fillers and B mixed fillers, and the both sides of close concrete wall are filled with pebbles, and impurity in sewage is isolated;
Between partition wall below and M type artificial swamp bottom, be provided with space, the place, bottom of the both sides in this space and M type artificial swamp is respectively provided with respectively a boring pvc pipe abreast, in two pvc pipes, is all filled with zeolite filler; In the space forming, be filled with zeolite filler for crossing water between two pvc pipes and partition wall and M type artificial swamp;
The water outlet of M type artificial swamp enters surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
Surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, porous plate top is equipped with sieving filler, the bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and the top layer of sieving filler is filled with molecular sieve filling, and reducing water inlet pipe is installed in molecular sieve filling; Surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, is provided with reducing backwash pipe in sieving filler, by topping-up pump, connects outlet sump; The top that surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash, and sieving filler top is positioned at backflash one side and is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of solarization air caps vertically upward; Above sieving filler, ultrasonic generator is installed; Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and surface turbulence screen apparatus remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the filtering accuracy of one-level grid and secondary grid is respectively 21mm and 8mm.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the mixed fillers of water inlet one side in M type artificial swamp be by the standby slowly-releasing molecular sieve of coal ash for manufacturing and gac by volume 1:2-5 mix, the mixed fillers of water outlet one side is by volume for 1:2-5 mixes by Fu Luoli diatomite and red mud molecular sieve.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the plantation of the region of nearly secondary grid maker one side of M type artificial swamp is for the calamus of shallow water, near the region plantation emergent reed of surface turbulence screen apparatus one side.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the molecular sieve filling in surface turbulence screen apparatus is with the standby granule type molecular sieve of coal ash for manufacturing.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the sieving filler in surface turbulence screen apparatus is to be mixed by quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve.
In the device of described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the nonmetal doping photocatalyst in surface turbulence screen apparatus is nano-TiO
2powder, semi-conductor load filler is nano-TiO
2powder loads on solid netted polypropylene filler.
The method of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using provided by the invention, its process is:
Two-stage grid maker divides two filtering accuracies effectively to tackle the solid of the different-grain diameter size in sewage, tentatively realizes solid-liquid separation, intercepts the large-sized solid in sewage, reduces the solid content in sewage, prevents that suspended substance from impacting the subsequent disposal of sewage;
M type artificial swamp is divided into two parts by partition wall, each part is divided into two regions, each region is upflowing and downflow system, the filler of filling in B district is for a large amount of adsorption foulings loads slowly-releasing gradually, for reducing pollution load and toxicity, C district utilizes the red mud molecular sieve of meta-alkalescence as filler simultaneously, the small molecules acid producing with anaerobic part acidifying in absorption rapidly, regulate sewage potential of hydrogen, make environment plant preferably in device, microorganism existence; Build the fixedly heavy metal in sewage of slight alkali environment simultaneously, prevent that it from leaching, utilize small organic molecule to supply with plant nutrient, absorption in growing process, absorb heavy metal and carry out heavy metal biological stabilization.All mixed fillers surface forms microbial film, forms aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state from top to bottom, in the synergy of root system of plant and microorganism, goes down except the pollution substance in sewage;
Surface turbulence screen apparatus imports the water outlet of M type artificial swamp when sieving, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler of water inlet cross-flow and the top layer of molecular sieve filling, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance; Bubble is pushed into the overflow of water surface side to backflash by the pollutent floating, and mixes and regulates influent quality with water inlet;
In surface turbulence screen apparatus, the nanometer aeration head air inlet of sieving filler is O
2, for clean sieving filler; The air inlet of the nanometer aeration head in water tank is O
3, by nanometer aeration, obtain hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve advanced oxidation effect with ultraviolet sterilization lamp and semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao, when device carries out backwash, is washed away sieving filler simultaneously, sieving filler can be cleaned and regenerate;
In surface turbulence screen apparatus, use the mode of nanometer aeration to improve
.oH production rate, makes microbubble have huge quantity, specific surface area, lift velocity slowly, increases gas-to-liquid contact area, duration of contact, is beneficial to ozone soluble in water, overcomes the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water; When the pressure that microbubble inside has and nano bubble break, interface disappears, and the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels the more hydroxyl radical free radical of generation, strengthens the ability of ozone oxidation decomposing organic matter;
Ozone produces OH under the radiation of UV-light, and ozone is taken away the electronics that titanium-dioxide photo causes electron hole centering, thereby has produced more hydroxyl radical free radical, has accelerated organic degraded, by the strong oxidation of OH, organic pollutant is processed.
The effluent recycling of surface turbulence screen apparatus is to the water inlet of M type artificial swamp, and regulating water quality stimulating plant process of growth are secreted secondary substance.
In the method for described M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp is at 300J/m
2above.
Technological operation of the present invention is simple, successful, use improvement M type artificial swamp, two kinds of device for mechanical methods of surface turbulence screen apparatus and ecological method advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, processing speed is fast, treatment cycle is short, easy and simple to handle, use M type artificial swamp improved treatment technology, in the finite space, extend dwell time of sewage, improve sewage treating efficiency, build more complicated good effective processing environment, the technique that simultaneously breaks traditions theory, wherein in surface turbulence screen apparatus, nano titanium dioxide crystal excites the free negative ion that has oxidizing power under ultra violet lamp as photocatalyst, simultaneously in nanometer aeration process and the energy that excites of ultrasonic wave generating process also can there is and strengthen the generation of free negative ion, reach photocatalysis effect, and free negative ion with and break away from the constraint of covalent linkage after leave room, with nano bubble surface with electric charge produce micro-electrolysis effectiveness simultaneously, can kill intestinal bacteria, streptococcus aureus, virus etc., decompose residual biodegradable organic compounds and toxic substance, lasting security to the sewage degraded that carries out disinfection.Processing aspect for environmental classes hormone (as micro-harmful chemicals such as hormones agricultural chemicals, microbiotic, Dioxins, oestrogenic hormon and synthetic hormones) has very large advantage, can make most organic permineralization or decomposition, when sewage is carried out to sieving processing, its water outlet is purified, sterilized, water outlet reaches national requirements standard preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using of the present invention.Primary clustering nomenclature in accompanying drawing:
1 one-level grid maker; 2 secondary grid makers; 3 concrete walls; 4 calamus; 5 pebbless; 6 dividing plates; 7a, 7b mixed fillers; 8M type artificial swamp; 8a partition wall; 9 reeds; 10 inlet valves; 11 reducing water inlet pipes; 12 molecular sieve fillings; 13 surface turbulence screen apparatus; 14 sieving fillers; 15 reducing backwash pipes; 16 backwash valves; 17 outlet sumies; 18 hydro-pumps; 19 topping-up pumps; 20 flowing water Valves; 21 ultraviolet sterilization lamps; 22 porous plates; 23 nanometer aeration heads; 24 semi-conductor load fillers; 25 water tanks; 26 nanometer aeration machines; 27 boring pvc pipes; 28 zeolite fillers; 29 ultrasonic generators; 30 aeration tubes; 31 backflashes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, elaborate.It should be noted that, mention in the following description left and right, upper and lower etc. be to be all as the criterion with direction shown in the drawings.
Refer to Fig. 1.The device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using provided by the invention, its primary structure comprises:
One-level grid maker 1 connects secondary grid maker 2, secondary grid maker 2 is connected to M type artificial swamp 8, divide two filtering accuracies (two-stage grid maker filtering accuracy is respectively 21mm and 8mm) effectively to tackle the solid of the different-grain diameter size in sewage, tentatively realize solid-liquid separation, intercept the large-sized solid in sewage, reduce the solid content in sewage, prevent that suspended substance from impacting the subsequent disposal of sewage.
The water outlet of M type artificial swamp 8 is connected to surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 by topping-up pump 9, and the water outlet of surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 is connected to outlet sump.
M type artificial swamp 8 is concrete wall, doing antiseepage processes, wetland is divided into two parts by partition wall 8a, the side of intaking (near secondary grid maker 2 one sides) is whole higher than water outlet one side (near surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 1 sides), wherein each part is divided into again two regions, A district and B district are a region, and C district and D district are a region.A district is upflowing, inside is filled with pebbles 5, impurity in sewage is isolated, B district is downflow system, inside is filled with mixed fillers 7a, be by the standby slowly-releasing molecular sieve of coal ash for manufacturing and gac by volume 1:2-5 mix, mixed fillers 7 surfaces form microbial film, form aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state from top to bottom, in root system of plant 4 and the synergy of microorganism, go down except the pollution substance in sewage (left-half plantation is for the calamus of shallow water, and right half part is planted emergent reed).C district is upflowing, and inside is filled with mixed fillers 7b, is by volume for 1:2-5 mixes by Fu Luoli diatomite and red mud molecular sieve; D district is downflow system, and inside is filled with pebbles 5, and the derivation of water outlet is convenient in the large space that pebbles 5 has, and the water outlet of derivation sprays into surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 under the effect of topping-up pump 19.
Between partition wall 8a below and M type artificial swamp 8 bottoms, be provided with space, the both sides in this space are respectively provided with respectively an interior zeolite filler that is all filled with of boring 27, two pvc pipes 27 of pvc pipe.In the space forming, be filled with zeolite filler for crossing water between two pvc pipes 27 and partition wall 8a and M type artificial swamp 8.
Surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate 22.The hole of porous plate 22 is skewed (the present embodiment is for being tilted to the right), porous plate 22 tops are equipped with sieving filler 14, sieving filler 14 is the mixtures by quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, is the multi-functional mixed fillers that integrates filtration, absorption, ion-exchange, coagulation and removal heavy metal.The bottom of sieving filler 14 is provided with nanometer aeration head 23, and the top layer of sieving filler 14 is filled with the standby molecular sieve filling 12 of coal ash for manufacturing, and reducing water inlet pipe 11 is installed in molecular sieve filling 12.This reducing water inlet pipe 11 is connected with the water outlet of M type artificial swamp 8 by topping-up pump 19.Surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 is positioned at the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe 11, is provided with reducing backwash pipe 15 in sieving filler 14, by topping-up pump 19, connects outlet sump 17.The top that surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 is positioned at reducing backwash pipe 15 is provided with backflash 31.Sieving filler 14 tops are positioned at backflash 31 1 sides and are provided with aeration tube 30, and aeration tube 30 is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and pore solarization air cap vertically upward; Ultrasonic generator 29 is installed above sieving filler 14.Porous plate 22 belows are water tank 25, water tank 25 inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalysts, water tank 25 bottoms are provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21, nanometer aeration head 23 is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21, and surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 remaining space inside are filled with semi-conductor load filler 24 (as nano-TiO
2powder loads on solid netted polypropylene filler), the present invention is fixed on semi-conductor load filler 24 on carrier, having solved conventional photocatalyst needs the collaborative drawback of using of dispersion agent, has reduced the leakage of catalyzer, has avoided reaction to finish the separating step of rear catalyst.
When surface turbulence screen apparatus 13 carries out sieving, the interior nanometer aeration intermittent aeration of water tank 25, during aeration, water tank internal gas pressure increases, air is cut into bubble by porous plate and heaves, impact sieving filler and molecular sieve filling, break up the pollution substance layer on sieving filler and molecular sieve filling surface and it is floated, sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Sieving filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, and in right side overflow to backflash, mixes and regulates influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously, for the lower situation of influent turbidity, even can be without back flushing, constantly operation is purified waste water.
The nanometer aeration head air inlet of sieving filler bottom is O
2, for clean filler; In water tank, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O
3by nanometer aeration, obtain in a large number hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve advanced oxidation effect with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao when device carries out backwash simultaneously, wash away sieving filler, accomplish that preferably filler is clean and regenerate.
Use the mode of nanometer aeration to improve
.oH production rate, because microbubble has huge quantity, specific surface area, lift velocity slowly, has increased gas-to-liquid contact area, duration of contact greatly, be conducive to ozone soluble in water, has overcome the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water.Microbubble inside has larger pressure and nano bubble while breaking, and interface disappears, and the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels and produces more hydroxyl radical free radical, strengthens the ability of ozone oxidation decomposing organic matter.
Ozone produces OH under the radiation of UV-light, and the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp is at 300J/m
2above.Ozone is taken away the electronics that titanium-dioxide photo causes electron hole centering, thereby has produced more hydroxyl radical free radical, has accelerated organic degraded, by the strong oxidation of OH, organic pollutant is processed.
When working, surface turbulence screen apparatus imports the water outlet of M type artificial swamp, water inlet pipe is embedded in the top layer of molecular sieve filling, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance molecular sieve filling top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance; When carrying out back flushing, nanometer aeration head starts aeration, the in the situation that of high-temperature nano aeration, sand grains is carried out to nanometer aeration processing, under the effect of the surging force producing, clean impurity, colloid and epontic microbial film that filler dams in the shearing force of high temperature, the small bubble of nanometer and aeration process.By backwash pipe, import supernatant liquor in outlet sump simultaneously and carry out back flushing, reducing backwash pipe applies an inside direction power to sieving filler, and water tank is in water filling process, air on liquid level is pushed by brute force, by porous plate, rise to sieving packing layer, make sieving filler present boiling flow state, after the interior air of water tank is emptying, current continue to be tilted to upper flow at high speed by the hole of porous plate, in whole backwash process, reducing backwash in-pipe flow inwardly rinses simultaneously, the filler of whole surface turbulence screen apparatus (sieving filler and molecular sieve filling) forms the turbulent flow of fast turn-around under the surging force of current, phase mutual friction in the counterclockwise micro cyclone that various fillers form under the effect of different directions power, the organic pollutant adhering to is removed, be conducive to obtain comparatively pure filler.Surface turbulence screen apparatus water tank water outlet is connected with outlet sump by a hydro-pump.
Device of the present invention is simple to operate, successful, use M type artificial swamp, two kinds of device for mechanical methods of surface turbulence screen apparatus and ecological method advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, processing speed is fast, treatment cycle is short, easy and simple to handle, use M type artificial swamp improved treatment technology, in the finite space, extend dwell time of sewage, improve sewage treating efficiency, build more complicated good effective processing environment, the technique that simultaneously breaks traditions theory, and kill intestinal bacteria, streptococcus aureus, virus etc., decompose residual biodegradable organic compounds and toxic substance, lasting security to the sewage degraded that carries out disinfection.Processing aspect for environmental classes hormone (as micro-harmful chemicals such as hormones agricultural chemicals, microbiotic, Dioxins, oestrogenic hormon and synthetic hormones) has very large advantage, can make most organic permineralization or decomposition, when sewage is carried out to sieving processing, its water outlet is purified, sterilized, water outlet reaches national requirements standard preferably.
According to one embodiment of present invention, heavy metal removing rate is up to 100%, and trace organic substance content reduces more than 95%, and proteinoid class material property fluorescence peak reduces more than 90%.
The present invention adopts successively three grades of backwashing technologies to carry out back flushing:
One-level back flushing is aeration circulation back flushing, due to the accumulation of pollution substance at filling surface, the space that sewage is difficult to see through between filler is permeated down, in sieving process, carry out back flushing, open aeration tube 30 intermittently starting porous plate top nanometer aeration machine 26, the discontinuous work of nanometer aeration head in water tank, air is upwards heaved from porous plate, be divided into small bubbles, intermittently break up the fine and close crud layer on sieving filler, pollution substance layer is broken into sheet and floats, when the bubble buoyancy of aeration tube and necking pipe water inlet, under the synergy of thrust, produce impeller effect to the right, clean energetically the fine and close pollutent of filler top layer sheet, overflow is to backflash, the pollutent that filler is held back is concentrated outside remover, mix again and process with water inlet, sewage also can continue to permeate down from molecular sieve space, one-level back flushing can extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle, for the lower situation of influent turbidity, even can, without back flushing, make device constantly move and purify waste water.
Secondary back flushing is air pulse back flushing, because turbidity of sewage is too high, causes pollution substance at the bulk deposition of filling surface, only depends on one-level backwash step still can not reach the effect that continues sieving.Now close inlet valve 10, flowing water Valve 20, open backwash valve 16, start topping-up pump 19, aeration tube 30 and two nanometer aeration machines 26, the water outlet in outlet sump is imported in water tank.Under the effect of pressure of return water, whole air in water tank are subject to crushing failure at high speed, along pore, rise, all sieving packing layer is under the impact force action of the impeller effect of ascending air, swivel disturbance and the nanometer aeration head of sieving filler bottom, the pollution substance fragmentation of filler space is floated, in the buoyancy of aeration tube and water inlet, impact flow-stopping plate to the right under the synergy of thrust again, overflow to backflash with initially intake and mix, treat water surface fast-descending.After filtering rate is stablized again, close topping-up pump 19, porous plate below nanometer aeration machine 26, backwash valve 16, open inlet valve 10, flowing water Valve 2, proceed sieving and process.
Three grades of back flushinges are the back flushing of aeration turbulent flow, and now I and II back flushing has been not enough to contaminated solution material to the covering of filler, obstructing problem, and sewage must not gather and filtered in a large number.Now close inlet valve 10, open backwash valve 16, flowing water Valve 20, start topping-up pump 19, aeration tube 30 and two nanometer aeration machines 26, ultrasonic generator 29, reverse starting hydro-pump 18, imports water outlet in outlet sump in water collecting basin in a large number.(1) water collecting basin inner air rises and stirs along porous plate pore, and filler bottom nanometer aeration head starts aeration, and filler top turbine constantly rotates; (2) utilize the collaborative cleaning of nanometer aeration techno-shock, oxidation, air supporting and high temperature action, top filler presents turbulence state, carry out random high-speed motion state, filler phase mutual friction under the surging force of current vortex and the shear action of bubble, the organic pollutant adhering on filler can be removed, and obtains comparatively pure filler; (3) utilize ultrasonic generator in liquid medium, to produce ultrasonic wave, at sieving filling surface, produce cavitation effect, the shockwave forming when cavitation steam bubble breaks in closing course, can produce the surge pressure of thousands of air pressure around at it, act on and on filling surface, destroy viscosity between dirt, and they are dispersed in backwash liquor rapidly, thereby reach the effect of filling surface cleaning.(4) after air emptying, the water outlet of outlet sump continue to import, and nanometer aeration and ultrasonic wave can be impelled the generation of hydroxyl radical free radical, be rich in hydroxy radical qiao water outlet flushing turbulence state filler particles surface and micropore, peel off pollution substance, filler is regenerated.(5) and pollution substance under water flow impact pressure and right side aeration tube air supporting effect constantly to floating up to the water surface, from left end influent weir and right-hand member backflash, flow out and initially intake and mix.Through three grades of back flushinges, internal contamination thing is cleaned totally emptying.
Conventional sand filtration is not disturbance layer of sand in filtration procedure, and current are flow through between sand fine gap.Conventionally adopt not disturbance layer of sand, on compacting filler, increase hydraulic pressure, sand, add the means such as grid and improve sand filtration process, allow current flow through between sand fine gap, and pollution substance rests on the top layer of layer of sand.The present invention utilizes necking pipe high-pressure water inlet disturbance filler top layer, prevent smooth the pass through formation resistance of pollution substance accumulation to current, utilize the means modifying devices such as the surging force of advanced oxidation, ultrasonic wave, nanometer aeration, bubble and shearing force simultaneously, utilize the fillers such as molecular sieve, manganese sand to be optimized design, finally use the improvement treating processess such as three grades of back flushinges.This device is good to the rejection effect of the suspended substances such as colloid, fiber, algae, for the lower water quality of turbidity even without back flushing, can complete treating processes, there is removal stink simultaneously, kill the microorganisms such as bacterium, pathogenic bacteria, the effect of the biodegradable organic compoundses such as a small amount of residual surfactant of decomposition difficult degradation, polychlorobiphenyl.
The nano-TiO of semi-conductor load filler of the present invention-carbon doping
2the preparation of powder:
Adopt sluggish precipitation and hydrothermal method two step processes to prepare the nano-TiO of carbon doping
2.Take titanium sulfate and urea as forerunner, glucose is carbon source, and concrete preparation process is as follows: get titanium sulfate and urea is dissolved in deionized water, then add appropriate glucose to stir, titanium sulfate: urea: the mol ratio=1:2:0.023 of glucose reacts 2h under the condition of 90 ℃.Question response finishes rear taking-up reactants dry, is repeatedly washed to neutrality, again dry, obtains the nano-TiO of carbon doping with ball mill grinding
2powder.
Nano-TiO
2powder loads on the method on filler:
Adopt the tridimensional network filler of polypropylene material, by nano-TiO
2powder mixes with deionized water (powder is 1:20 with the mass ratio of water), with ultrasonic echography, become emulsion, clean tridimensional network filler is immersed to the titanate coupling agent mixing with ethanol volume ratio 1:1, slowly stir for some time, then filler is taken out and puts into TiO
2in emulsion, continue to stir for some time, after taking-up, put into baking oven dry (85 ℃ following) 2h, make loaded with nano TiO
2polypropylene suspension filler, its outward appearance is faint yellow, rete is more even.
Claims (10)
1. a device for M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, mainly comprises:
One-level grid maker connects secondary grid maker;
Secondary grid maker is connected to M type artificial swamp;
The water outlet of M type artificial swamp is connected to surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
The water outlet of surface turbulence screen apparatus is connected to outlet sump;
Wherein:
M type artificial swamp is concrete wall, does antiseepage and processes, and by partition wall, is divided into two parts, and water inlet one side integral body is higher than water outlet one side;
In M type artificial swamp, by partition wall, be divided into two regions, the both sides of close partition wall are filled with respectively mixed fillers, and the both sides of close concrete wall are filled with pebbles, and impurity in sewage is isolated;
Between partition wall below and M type artificial swamp bottom, be provided with space, the place, bottom of the both sides in this space and M type artificial swamp is respectively provided with respectively a boring pvc pipe abreast, in two pvc pipes, is all filled with zeolite filler; In the space forming, be filled with zeolite filler for crossing water between two pvc pipes and partition wall and M type artificial swamp;
The water outlet of M type artificial swamp enters surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
Surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, porous plate top is equipped with sieving filler, the bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and the top layer of sieving filler is filled with molecular sieve filling, and reducing water inlet pipe is installed in molecular sieve filling; Surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, is provided with reducing backwash pipe in sieving filler, by topping-up pump, connects outlet sump; The top that surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash, and sieving filler top is positioned at backflash one side and is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube 30 is provided with a plurality of solarization air caps vertically upward; Above sieving filler, ultrasonic generator is installed; Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and surface turbulence screen apparatus remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler.
2. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, the filtering accuracy of one-level grid and secondary grid is respectively 21mm and 8mm.
3. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, the mixed fillers of water inlet one side in M type artificial swamp be by the standby slowly-releasing molecular sieve of coal ash for manufacturing and gac by volume 1:2-5 mix, the mixed fillers of water outlet one side is by volume for 1:2-5 mixes by Fu Luoli diatomite and red mud molecular sieve.
4. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, the region plantation of nearly secondary grid maker one side of M type artificial swamp is for the calamus of shallow water, near the region plantation emergent reed of surface turbulence screen apparatus one side.
5. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, the molecular sieve filling in surface turbulence screen apparatus is with the standby granule type mesopore molecular sieve of coal ash for manufacturing.
6. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, sieving filler in surface turbulence screen apparatus is to be mixed according to 5:2:1 ratio by quartz sand, modified manganese sand and molecular sieve, and a small amount of zeroth order Nanoscale Iron wherein adulterates.
7. the device of M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1, wherein, the nonmetal doping photocatalyst in surface turbulence screen apparatus is nano-TiO
2powder, semi-conductor load filler is nano-TiO
2powder loads on solid netted polypropylene filler.
8. a method for M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using, its process is:
Two-stage grid maker divides two filtering accuracies effectively to tackle the solid of the different-grain diameter size in sewage, tentatively realizes solid-liquid separation, intercepts the large-sized solid in sewage, reduces the solid content in sewage, prevents that suspended substance from impacting the subsequent disposal of sewage;
M type artificial swamp is divided into two parts by partition wall, each part is divided into two regions, each region is upflowing and downflow system, inner mixed fillers surface of filling forms microbial film, form aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state from top to bottom, in the synergy of dark type root system of plant and microorganism, go down except the pollution substance in sewage;
Surface turbulence screen apparatus imports the water outlet of M type artificial swamp when sieving, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler of water inlet cross-flow and the top layer of molecular sieve filling, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance; Bubble is pushed into the overflow of water surface side to backflash by the pollutent floating, and mixes and regulates influent quality with water inlet;
In surface turbulence screen apparatus, the nanometer aeration head air inlet of sieving filler is O
2, for clean sieving filler; The air inlet of the nanometer aeration head in water tank is O
3, by nanometer aeration, obtain hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve advanced oxidation effect with ultraviolet sterilization lamp and semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao, when device carries out backwash, is washed away sieving filler simultaneously, sieving filler can be cleaned and regenerate;
In surface turbulence screen apparatus, use the mode of nanometer aeration to improve OH production rate, make microbubble there is huge quantity, specific surface area, lift velocity slowly, increase gas-to-liquid contact area, duration of contact, be beneficial to ozone soluble in water, overcome the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water; When the pressure that microbubble inside has and nano bubble break, interface disappears, and the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels the more hydroxyl radical free radical of generation, strengthens the ability of ozone oxidation decomposing organic matter;
Ozone produces OH under the radiation of UV-light, and ozone is taken away the electronics that titanium-dioxide photo causes electron hole centering, thereby has produced more hydroxyl radical free radical, has accelerated organic degraded, by the strong oxidation of OH, organic pollutant is processed.
9. the method for M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 8, wherein, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp is at 300J/m
2above.
10. the method for M type artificial swamp advanced treatment domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 8, wherein, the effluent recycling of surface turbulence screen apparatus is to the water inlet of M type artificial swamp, regulating water quality stimulating plant process of growth secretion secondary substance.
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