Specific implementation mode:
Present invention combination production technology is described further
Example one, a kind of Chinese medicine cough arresting production technology
1, prescription:With schizonepeta, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, dried orange peel, peppermint, aster, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, 10 taste medicine of pappy shell
Compatibility forms prescription, and monarch drug in a prescription is arranged in pairs or groups with adjuvant.
2, schizonepeta, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, aster, dried orange peel, peppermint traditional Chinese medicine of the five flavours raw material are used into steam distillation, the water measured with 8 times
It impregnates 1 hour, distills 5 hours, it is spare to collect volatile oil;Divide water intaking decocting liquid, the dregs of a decoction that 6 times of water is added to decoct 1 hour, filter, merges
Decocting liquid, it is spare;
3, campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell traditional Chinese medicine of the five flavours are added water to cook twice, for the first time plus 8 times of water is measured
It decocts 2 hours, second plus the amount decoction 1 hour of 8 times of water, filtration, filtrate merges with 2 gained decocting liquid of above-mentioned steps, is condensed into
The clear cream that relative density is 1.17~1.22;
4, add ethyl alcohol to make alcohol content up to 60% gained clear cream in step 3, stir evenly, place 12 hours, take supernatant,
Extraction raffinate takes liquid to merge with supernatant through high speed centrifugation point, ethyl alcohol is recovered under reduced pressure, liquid concentration is that relative density is at 50 DEG C
The clear cream of 1.17-1.22, the reduced pressure, steam pressure 0.05-0.08Mpa, vacuum degree -0.03--0.05Mpa, tank
Interior temperature 60 C;
5, spare volatile oil in step 2 is added in step 4 gained clear cream, stevioside and honey is added, adds water to stir evenly, adds benzene
Sodium formate stirs evenly, and makes pH value adjustment between 5.0~7.0, filling storage obtains this product.
A:Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, aster master contain volatile oil;Additionally contain flavones and its glycoside, Coumarins, soap
Methods of glycosides.Therefore water distillating extracting oil after five medicine mixing, and collect decocting liquid.
B:Campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell master contain saponins, flavones and its glycoside, composition of alkaloids, use
Water is decocted altogether.
One, extraction process by water scheme:
A. the water of the dregs of a decoction extracts after extraction volatile oil:Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, aster in addition to containing volatile oil component,
Also contain flavones and its glycosides compound, Coumarins compound, saponins compound, these compounds are dissolved in water mostly.Therefore it uses
Water-boiling method effective component extracting.After five kinds of Chinese medicine mixes steam distillation extraction volatile oil, dregs of a decoction decocting 1 time again, extraction is effectively
Ingredient determines that the decocting time decocts the technological parameters such as number with the effective component extraction rates such as aurantiamarin (C28H34O15) height.
B. the water extraction of campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell:By water absorption rate, amount of water, decocting time, decoction
Number, medicinal material granularity carry out orthogonal test as investigation factor, effective with the rate of extract, general flavone content, total alkaloid content etc.
Constituents extraction rate height, determines amount of water, decocts the technological parameters such as number, decocting time.
C. alcohol precipitation process:Boiling extraction on the one hand the active ingredient such as flavones and its glycoside in the side of proposing, saponins,
On the other hand alkaloids etc. also proposed a large amount of protein, amino acid, polysaccharide, mucilaginous substance, resin, tannin
Etc. invalid components will influence the clarity of said preparation if these ingredients do not remove, therefore alcohol deposition method need to be used to remove impurity.Its
Method is orthogonal test to be carried out, with general flavone and always using concentration of alcohol, relative density of medicine liquid, alcohol precipitation time as investigation factor
The rate of transform of alkaloid is evaluation index, screens alcohol precipitation process parameter.
Two, preparations shaping process program:
For improve preparation stability, improve mouthfeel, need to use additives, and to the type, dosage, usage of additives into
Row screening.Through experiment, using stevioside and honey as corrigent, not only improve this preparation mouthfeel, but also there is good sense organ, and cost
It is relatively low.To ensure drug quality, microbial growth is prevented, sodium benzoate can be added.PH value adjusts between 5.0~7.0,
Through experimental observation, clarity is good.
Example two, a kind of Chinese medicine cough arresting production technology
1. Extraction Process of Volatile Oil
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, aster five tastes mixing steam distillation extract volatile oil.
The investigation of 1.1 water absorption rates
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, the aster five tastes are weighed in prescription ratio, adds 8 times of amounts of water, is dipped to the heart, filters,
The water absorption rate for measuring medicinal material is 234%.
The investigation of 1.2 amount of water
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, the aster five tastes are weighed in prescription ratio, add different amounts of water, are impregnated 1 hour, are steamed
It evaporates 5 hours, extracts volatile oil, calculate oil yield, the results are shown in Table 1.
The different amount of water oil yields of table 1
The result shows that adding the water extraction volatile oil of 8 to 10 times of amounts, oil yield has reached peak, therefore determines that amount of water is 8
It measures again.
The investigation of 1.3 soaking times
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, the aster five tastes are weighed in prescription ratio, adds 8 times of amounts of water, impregnates after a certain period of time,
Volatile oil is extracted in distillation 5 hours, calculates oil yield, the results are shown in Table 2.
The different soaking time oil yields of table 2
The result shows that impregnating 1 hour, volatile oil is extracted, oil yield has been approached peak, therefore determines that soaking time is 1 small
When.
The investigation of 1.4 distillation times
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, the aster five tastes are weighed in prescription ratio, by Chinese Pharmacopoeia one each medicine of version in 2010
Method under material item is cut into medicine materical crude slice, adds 8 times of amounts of water, impregnates 1 hour, distill different time, extract volatile oil, calculate oil yield,
It the results are shown in Table 3.
The different distillation time oil yields of table 3
The result shows that after distilling 8 hours, oil mass is not further added by, it is believed that it is 100% to add up oil yield at 8 hours, distillation
5 hours, oil yield was energy saving up to 95%, reduces cost, shortens working hour, this technique determines that distillation time is 5 hours.
In summary the volatile oil optimum extraction process of test result, said preparation is crude drug medicine materical crude slice, adds 8 times of amounts of water, leaching
Bubble 1 hour distills 5 hours.
2, extraction process by water
The abstract methods of the dregs of a decoction after 2.1 extraction volatile oil
Schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, aster also contain flavones and glycosides compound, coumarin in addition to containing volatile ingredient
Class compound, saponins compound etc., these compounds are dissolved in water mostly, therefore can use water-boiling method effective component extracting, will extract
The five tastes such as remaining campanulaceae add water to decoct altogether in the dregs of a decoction and side after volatile oil, and as a result aurantiamarin decocting rate is very low.
With decocting 1 time again after dried orange peel simple steam distillation extraction volatile oil;Dried orange peel and schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, aster
Four tastes mix decocting 1 time again after steam distillation extraction volatile oil;Dried orange peel is steamed with schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, four taste mixing water of aster
After volatile oil is extracted in steam distillation, the gomi herbs such as the dregs of a decoction and remaining campanulaceae add water to decoct 2 times altogether.
Three kinds of extracting method aurantiamarin (HPLC) decocting rates of dried orange peel are measured, the results are shown in Table 4.
4 dried orange peel of table, three kinds of extracting method aurantiamarin decocting rates
Note:Content of hesperidin is 4.1% in dried orange peel crude drug used in this experiment.
In terms of above-mentioned test result:Dried orange peel uses boiled process, simple steam distillation to extract decocting 1 again after volatile oil
It is secondary to mix with dried orange peel and schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, four taste of aster after steam distillation extraction volatile oil 1 aurantiamarin of decocting again
Recovery rate difference is little, and the recovery rate of aurantiamarin is not high, and especially mixed pan-fried with the medicinal material containing composition of alkaloids, recovery rate is more
It is low, determine that dried orange peel mixes decocting 1 hour again after steam distillation extraction volatile oil with schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, four taste of aster.
2.2 campanulaceaes, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell abstract methods
2.2.1 the investigation of water absorption rate
Campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, the pappy shell five tastes are weighed by prescription, adds 10 times of amounts of water, is dipped to the heart, filters
It crosses, measures the water absorption rate 183% of medicinal material.
2.2.2 extraction conditions are investigated
Using amount of water, decocting time, number, medicinal material granularity are decocted as investigation factor, carry out L9 (34) orthogonal test, with
Cream rate, general flavone content, total alkaloid content are evaluation index, and screening optimum process condition is (the rate of extract, general flavone content, total
The weight coefficient of alkaloid is respectively 0.2,0.4,0.4.
2.2.2.1 test method
Campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell are weighed in prescription ratio, carrying out water according to orthogonality condition carries, extracting solution
With filtration, filtrate concentrates and is settled to 250ml.
2.2.2.2 the rate of extract measures
Precision measures decocting liquid 25ml, sets in the evaporating dish of constant weight, water bath method, dry to constant weight, meter in 105 DEG C
Calculate to get.
2.2.2.3 determination of total flavonoids
Precision weighs control substance of Rutin 20mg, sets in 100ml measuring bottles, and scale is dissolved and be diluted to 70% ethyl alcohol, is shaken up,
Product solution as a contrast.Precision measures reference substance solution 1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0ml, sets respectively in 25ml measuring bottles, adds water
To 5ml, 5% sodium nitrite solution 1ml, mixing is added to place 6 minutes, 10% aluminum nitrate solution 1ml, mixing is added to place 6 minutes,
Add sodium hydroxide test solution 10ml, add water to scale, shake up, places 15 minutes, using corresponding solution as blank, according to spectrophotometric
Method measures trap at 500nm wavelength, and using trap as ordinate, a concentration of abscissa draws standard curve.Precision amount
Fetch water decocting liquid 1ml, sets in 25ml measuring bottles, the method under the preparation of sighting target directrix curve, and " self-watering to 5ml ", which rises to measure in accordance with the law, to be inhaled
Receipts degree, from standard curve read decocting liquid in rutin content, calculate to get.
2.2.2.4 the measurement of total alkaloid content
Precision weighs morphine reference substance 5mg, sets in 100ml measuring bottles, adds absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve and is diluted to scale, shakes up,
As standard solution (per 1ml 50 μ g containing morphine).Precision measures decocting liquid 10ml, sets in 50ml separatory funnels, ammoniates test solution tune
PH is 9, is extracted 3 times, each 10ml with chloroform, merges chloroform liquid, is evaporated, and residue adds absolute ethyl alcohol dissolving and constant volume
It to 10ml, shakes up, test liquid is made.Precision measures reference substance solution and each 1ml of test solution, sets 50ml conical flask with cover
In, heating water bath waves most solvent, and precision is added 2 × 10-4mol/L bromothymol blue pH7.6 buffer solutions and (takes 0.1mol/L phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium solution 500ml adds 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution 422ml, sets in measuring bottle, in addition stating pH7.6 buffer solutions to quarter
Degree, shake up to get) 10.0ml, in dislocation 50ml separatory funnels, precision is added chloroform 10.0ml, shake well 2 minutes,
2 hours are stood, a layer chloroform liquid is removed, a little cotton is added to filter, filtrate is taken to shine spectrophotometry (Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010
One annex VA) trap is measured at 420nm wavelength, while blank is done with chloroform, calculate to get.Water proposes orthogonal examination
It tests factor level and is shown in Table 5.
5 water of table carries orthogonal test factor level
Water puies forward orthogonal experiments and is shown in Table 6.
6 water of table puies forward orthogonal experiments
Note:Water puies forward three evaluation indexes of orthogonal test, using comprehensive scoring method carry out data analysis, the rate of extract, general flavone,
The weight coefficient of total alkaloid is respectively 0.2,0.4,0.4.
The rate of extract scoring=the rate of extract/maximum the rate of extract × 0.2 × 100
General flavone scoring=general flavone content/maximum general flavone content × 0.4 × 100
Total alkaloid scoring=total alkaloid content/maximum total alkaloid content × 0.4 × 100
Comprehensive score=the rate of extract scoring+general flavone scoring+total alkaloid scoring
Found out by test result:A2B3C3D2For optimised process, but extraction time influences extraction effect little, therefore considers
To energy consumption, the factors such as cost, said preparation boiled process is selected as campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell medicine materical crude slice and adds water 8
It measures, decocts 2 times, the time is respectively 2 hours, 1 hour again.
3, alcohol precipitation process
Active ingredient such as flavones and its glycoside, saponins, alkaloids in the boiling extraction one side side of proposing etc., separately
On the one hand the invalid components such as a large amount of protein, amino acid, polysaccharide, mucilaginous substance, resin, tannin are also proposed, if these ingredients
Do not remove, the clarity of said preparation will be influenced, still using alcohol deposition method remove impurity.
It is respectively taken using concentration of alcohol, the relative density of liquid, alcohol precipitation time as investigation factor to investigate alcohol precipitation process condition
Three levels, using L9 (33) orthogonal test, the clarity after being placed 24 hours with point supernatant taken, general flavone and always biology
The rate of transform of alkali is evaluation index, screens alcohol precipitation process condition (clarity, the power of the general flavone rate of transform, the total alkaloid rate of transform
Weight coefficient is respectively 0.2,0.4,0.4.
Liquid amount containing general flavone × 100% after the general flavone rate of transform=liquid original amount containing general flavone/alcohol precipitation
Amount containing total alkaloid × 100% after the total alkaloid rate of transform=original amount containing total alkaloid/alcohol precipitation
General flavone and the assay method of total alkaloid are the same as under abstract methods item.
3.1 test method
By our preparation method, decocting liquid is extracted, is divided into three parts, corresponding relative density (50 DEG C) is concentrated to according to table 7, by orthogonal
Table 8 arranges experiment, investigates clarity, measures the general flavone rate of transform, the total alkaloid rate of transform.Alcohol precipitation orthogonal test factor level is shown in
Table 7.
Table 7
3.2 alcohol precipitation orthogonal experiments are shown in Table 8.
8 alcohol precipitation orthogonal experiments of table
Note:Comprehensive score %=clarity scoring % × 0.2+ general flavone rate of transform % × 0.4+ total alkaloid rate of transform %
×0.4.By alcohol precipitation orthogonal experiments as it can be seen that alcohol precipitation influence of factors is followed successively by C>B>A, best alcohol precipitation process condition are
A2B2C2。
The present invention uses water extraction and alcohol precipitation method preparation process, and schizonepeta, peppermint, the root of purple-flowered peucedanum, dried orange peel, aster gomi herbs are impregnated in side
After 1 hour, distills 5 hours, be then extracted with water 1 hour;Campanulaceae, the tuber of stemona, Radix Glycyrrhizae, cordate houttuynia, pappy shell gomi herbs are with 8 times
Measure water extraction twice;60% alcohol precipitation receives cream after all extracting solutions are concentrated under reduced pressure after 12 hours, sweetens synanthrin, honey and sodium benzoate
Constant volume forms.Products obtained therefrom had both met in pharmacopeia to be required under mixture item, in turn ensures the maximum of each medicinal material active ingredient in prescription
The extraction of limit, to preferably ensure that the quality and curative effect of product.